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Sec3E Graphs of Common Functions (Notes Only)

This document provides information about graphs of common functions, including: 1. Linear functions which can be horizontal, vertical, or slanted lines defined by equations like y = mx + c. 2. Quadratic functions which form parabolas, with the direction determined by the coefficient of the x2 term. Key steps are outlined for sketching graphs using equations in different forms. 3. Cubic functions which are shaped based on the coefficient of the x3 term, and reciprocal functions which form hyperbolas with the x and y axes as asymptotes. 4. Exponential functions defined by equations like y = kax where the shape depends on the value of a, with the x

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113 views2 pages

Sec3E Graphs of Common Functions (Notes Only)

This document provides information about graphs of common functions, including: 1. Linear functions which can be horizontal, vertical, or slanted lines defined by equations like y = mx + c. 2. Quadratic functions which form parabolas, with the direction determined by the coefficient of the x2 term. Key steps are outlined for sketching graphs using equations in different forms. 3. Cubic functions which are shaped based on the coefficient of the x3 term, and reciprocal functions which form hyperbolas with the x and y axes as asymptotes. 4. Exponential functions defined by equations like y = kax where the shape depends on the value of a, with the x

Uploaded by

regi na
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name:___________________( ) Date:________ Class:_________

Graphs of Common Functions

1 Linear Functions - Straight lines y  ax  b

a) Horizontal lines y  k b) Vertical lines x  k


c) Slanted lines y  mx  c
where m = gradient – determines the direction of the line
c = y intercept

2 Quadratic Functions – Parabolas y  ax 2  bx  c


Shape – determined by a - coefficient of x2 term
- must be symmetrical
max

min
a>0 a>0

Line of symmetry : a vertical line that passes through the turning


point

a) y  ax  h x  k  use x intercepts to find T.P.

Step 1: determine shape and max /min


Step 2: find x intercepts  sub y = 0 and solve for x  x1 & x2
Step 3: find turning point
x1  x2
x co-ordinate =
2
y co-ordiante  sub x co-ord of T.P. into eqn
Step 4: find y intercept  sub x = 0 and solve for y

b) y  a x  p   q
2
read T.P. co-ordinates directly from eqn

Step 1: determine shape and max / min


Step 2: find turning point  (p , q)
Step 3: find x intercepts  sub y = 0 and solve for x
If min / max pt is above / below the x axis  no x
intercepts
Step 4: find y intercept  sub x = 0 and solve for y

Sec3E Graphs of Common Functions (Notes Only)/mlyeo/Apr-18 Page 1 of 2


3 Cubic Functions y  ax 3  bx 2  cx  d

Shape - determined by a - coefficient of x3 term.

a>0 a<0

a
4 Reciprocal Functions – hyperbolas y 
xn
Reciprocal curves occur in pairs
Have x and y axes as asymptotes ie curve gets closer to axes but will not touch axes
Curves MUST NOT curved inward **
a) If n is odd

Shape or

a>0 a<0

b) If n is even

Shape or
a>0 y > 0 a<0 y< 0

5 Exponential Functions y  ka x where a > 0


Shape
x axis is asymptote
y intercept is at k 0  a  1 eg. y  2  x
a  1 eg. y  e x

k
k
k
k

k>0 y > 0 k<0 y < 0

Sec3E Graphs of Common Functions (Notes Only)/mlyeo/Apr-18 Page 2 of 2

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