SPECIAL OPERATIONS
ETOPS
SEPTEMBER 2020
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Table of contents
I. Introduction
II. What is ETOPS?
1. Objective and definitions.
2. Regulatory Frame.
Content:
3. Manufacturer Requirements.
4. Approval Requirements
5. Engine / Oil Monitoring Program.
6. Confiability Program.
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Table of contents
7. Continuos Airworthiness.
8. Approved/Non Approved Parts.
9. Downgrade/Upgrade ETOPS Category.
10. Mel Use.
Content:
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I. Introduction
The purpose of the general ETOPS presentations is to understand what is
ETOPS and identify the importance in the maintenance organization and
supplementary maintenance program requirement and organizational
responsibilities for ETOPS in Avianca.
The ETOPS manuals
defines the general
maintenance practices and
procedures for ETOPS.
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II. What is ETOPS?
ETOPS stands for Extended-range Twin engine Operational Performance Standards, a
rule which permits twin engine aircrafts to fly routes which, at some point, is more than
60 minutes flying time away from the nearest airport suitable for emergency landing.
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1. Objectives and Definitions
ETOPS means Extended Operations an airplane flight operation, in
an airplane with more than two engines, during which a portion of
the flight is conducted beyond one-hour flying time at the normal
ETOPS one-engine- inoperative cruise speed under standard atmospheric
conditions in still air, from an adequate airport. In the case of
ETOPS 120 and 180 this means two and three hours from an
alternate airport respectively.
Objectives and
Definitions
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1. Objectives and Definitions
ETOPS certification requires both the aircraft and the airline to comply with a set of standards.
For the aircraft, the manufacturer must demonstrate that flying with only one engine is relatively easy
for the flight crew, safe for the airframe, and an extremely remote event.
The airline must demonstrate that its flight crew training and maintenance procedures are up to a
higher standard. Pilots, engineers and staff must be specially qualified for ETOPS.
Recently, more operators are adopting the ETOPS approach to non-ETOPs routes. They discovered that
the approach offers significant improvements in reliability, performance and dispatch rates. The cost of
application is later offset by reduced maintenance costs, and costs associated with diversions, delays
and turn backs.
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2. Regulatory Frame
The Colombian CAA (UAEAC) approves to conduct extended range
operations of maximum 180/207 minutes. (ETOPS 180/207).
ETOPS
Regulatory
Frame
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2. Regulatory Frame
Colombian´s Regulatory rules (RAC)
• 4.2.3.1
• 4.5.4.5
• 4.5.7.9.1. ítem a al h
You can check the information in the Colombian
Authority web side (RAC part 4):
http://www.aerocivil.gov.co/autoridad-de-la-
aviacion-civil/reglamentacion/rac
Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR)
FAR 135
Appendix G to part 135 Extended Operations
(ETOPS)
You can check the information in the FAA´S web
side the respectivily parts in the 14 CFR(Code of
Federal Regulations):
http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-
idx?c=ecfr&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title14/14tab_02.tpl
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2. Regulatory Frame
Avianca ETOPS manual is accepted by the UAEAC.
The ETOPS manual is developed in accordance with the latest aircraft CMP manual that follows CMP
data reference LR2/FAA: 14 CFR 25.1535/CMP and LR2/EASA: AMC 20-6/CMP.
Avianca also uses as guide the FAA AC 120-42B and the RAC requirements.
The ETOPS manual provides information on how the company performs and controls the ETOPS
operations. In order to comply with all the ETOPS requirements, Avianca shall follow the Airbus CMP
document, MPD, MRBR and Airworthiness Directives to maintain the continuous airworthiness.
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3. Manufacturer Requirements
ETOPS certification requires both the aircraft and the airline to comply
with a set of standards.
ETOPS
Manufacturer
Requirements
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3. Manufacturer Requirements
No special manufacturer requirements
are needed in order to comply with
ETOPS operations in Avianca´s fleet,
otherwise it is noted in the Aircraft
Maintenance Manual (AMM) or JIC´S,
EO´s and EOD´s issued by engineering
departments.
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3. Manufacturer Requirements
For the aircraft, the manufacturer must demonstrate that flying with only one engine is relatively easy
for the flight crew, safe for the airframe, and an extremely remote event.
The airline must demonstrate that its flight crew training and maintenance procedures are up to a
higher standard. Pilots, engineers and staff must be specially qualified for ETOPS.
Recently, more operators are adopting the ETOPS approach to non-ETOPs routes. They discovered that
the approach offers significant improvements in reliability, performance and dispatch rates. The cost of
application is later offset by reduced maintenance costs, and costs associated with diversions, delays
and turn backs.
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4. Approval Requirements
In order to comply with all the ETOPS requirements, Avianca shall follow
the Airbus CMP document, MPD, MRBR and Airworthiness Directives to
maintain the continuous airworthiness.
It is the responsibility of the Engineering Division through the
Maintenance Programs Department to issue and keep updated the
Maintenance Program that supports the ETOPS operations.
Approval The ETOPS manual is developed in accordance with the latest aircraft
CMP manual that follows CMP data reference LR2/FAA: 14 CFR
Requirements 25.1535/CMP and LR2/EASA: AMC 20-6/CMP.
Avianca also uses as guide the FAA AC 120-42B and the RAC
requirements.
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4. Approval Requirements
Only authorized Maintenance personnel is allowed to write reports in the
Maintenance Log Book of the aircraft before an ETOPS flight.
Such information shall be accompanied by corrective actions and corresponding
S/N and P/N of components removed and installed on the aircraft.
All Revisions in the ETOPS manual to incorporate all required changes are
performed by the Engineering
Maintenance Programs Department, and shall be submitted to the UAEAC for its
approval.
Avianca will provide a report to FAA and UAEAC after an IFSD or critical in-flight
discrepancy / malfunction on any Avianca B787 aircraft in a period of time not
exceeding 72 hours.
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5. Engine/Oil Monitoring Program
This section establishes the programs to control oil consumption
and operation of engine and APU oil systems which consist of
engine and APU oil consumption checks. The oil consumption
monitoring is performed by Maintenance Control Center, any
deviation or malfunction is immediately informed via e-mail to
Power Plant Engineering Department.
Engine/Oil
Monitoring
Program
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5. Engine/Oil Monitoring Program
Engine Oil consumption checks
Engine Oil consumption checks Technicians during servicing must follow the procedures stated in Airbus
and Boeing AMM to check and service the engine oil.
a) The technician must record the oil quantity added to the engines on the Aircraft
Maintenance Log Book.
b) Maintenance Control Center will make a daily engine oil consumption computation based
on the information related in the maintenance software System in accordance with flight
duration and oil quantity added recorded on the aircraft maintenance Log Book.
c) Engine Oil consumption typical and maximum parameters to be verified by the program,
are defined on Airbus and Boeing AMM
d) The official source of Engine Oil consumption data are provided on the log book and
Maintenance Software records; Power Plant Engineering Department and MCC will use this
information for their analysis and monitoring .
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5. Oil / Engine Monitoring Program
APU Oil consumption checks
APU Oil consumption checks Maintenance technician must record on the Aircraft Maintenance Log Book
and Maintenance Software system the “oil added to APU in quarts”.
APU operation (hours) is verified and recorded by the technician every Daily Check. MCC makes a Daily
verification of oil consumption based on the maintenance software data with applicable AMM and in case
deviation or exceedences of parameters are found MCC shall direct the corrective actions and, if
necessary, MCC will inform to Power Plant Engineering Department for their analysis and resolution. For
Oil consumption limits refer to the latest AMM revision.
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6. Confiability Program
The Reliability Department issues a “Monthly Reliability Report” where
ETOPS events are also reported. An “ETOPS event” is an ETOPS relevant
event occurring during an ETOPS flight. An “ETOPS relevant event” is a
malfunction, or degradation, or IFSD, or in-flight event requiring crew
decision to turn back, diversion or continue under increased level of
alertness.
Confiability
Program
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6. Confiability Program
Continuous surveillance of significant events is accomplished by the Reliability Department. The
reliability program objective is early identification and prevention of ETOPS–related problems, adverse
trends and event-oriented. In addition to items required to be reported by FAR 21.374 and FAR
121.703, the following items should also be included:
a) In-flight shutdown (IFSD).
b) Diversion or turn Back.
c) Uncommanded power changes or surges.
d) Inability to control the engine or obtain desired power.
e) Failures, malfunctions or defects associated with ETOPS significant items.
f) Any other event to the detriment of ETOPS flight.
g) Inadvertent fuel loss or unavailability, or uncorrectable fuel imbalance in flight.
h) APU in-flight start failures occurring during actual ETOPS operations, and
i) APU in-flight unsuccessful star attempt occurring during routine sampling which exceed the airframe
and APU manufacturer specifications.
j) Any event which can attempt with the flight safety and landing safety of the aircraft on ETOPS
operations.
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6. Confiability Program
The Reliability Department will provide to the UAEAC and FAA all corrective actions taken. Report
mentioned above has to be made before the MEL due date is reached and shall identify the following
information:
a) Event.
b) AIRPLANE (Type, S/N and Registry).
c) ENGINE (model and serial number).
d) Total time, cycles and time since last shop visit.
e) For aircraft systems, time since overhaul or last inspection of the discrepant unit.
f) Phase of flight.
g) Corrective action.
All ETOPS significant events and flight phase must be identified and reported to the UAEAC
on form RAC 8010-4 (see Annex 2) and must be electronically submitted to the FAA trough
the registered user functions of the Service Difficulty Reporting (SDR) web side (http://av-
info.faa.gov/sdrx).
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7. Continuos Airworthiness
Avianca supports and analyzes the engine parameters On-Line 24/7 (24
hours a day, 7 days per week), all data parameters and any excedences,
alert or advisory are notified to Avianca Power Plant Engineering,
Maintenance Control Center (MCC), to perform the corrective
maintenance actions as required.
Continuos
Airworthiness
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7. Continuos Airworthiness
NOTES:
Engine Condition Monitoring Program is carried out independently from the Reliability Program.
All collected data and records related to ECM program are available in Power Plant Engineering
Department.
Although the on-line ECM data collection program automatically transmits more data on engine
parameters, the basic engine parameters under surveillance are:
N1, N2, N3 (Rotational Speed)
TGT (Temperature Gas Turbine)
EPR (Engine Pressure Ratio)
Fuel-flow
Oil-Press, Temp
Vibration
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8. Approved / Not Approved Parts
To identify parts with a restricted usage on ETOPS (Extended range Twin
engine Operations) aircraft, the following notes appear in the IPC as
follows:
“NOT APPROVED FOR ETOPS”
Approved “NOT APPROVED FOR ETOPS AFTER (date)”
/ Not “NOT APPROVED FOR ETOPS WITHOUT (SB xxxx) AFTER (date)”
Approved
Parts
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8. Approved / Not Approved Parts
Maintenance personnel must use the applicable IPC for parts verification prior to its installation on an
ETOPS aircraft.
All parts in IPC are approved for ETOPS, unless it states “NOT APPROVED FOR ETOPS”.
Main purpose of ETOPS parts and Rotable Control Program is to keep the airplane in the configuration
airframe/engine that was approved on the type certificate for ETOPS operations.
Production Planning and Control Department is responsible for controlling the removal of hard time
components.
Reliability Department is responsible for the statistical control of component removals.
Materials Division is responsible for keeping, storing and controlling ETOPS parts, at local and foreign
locations and as well as borrowed and pooled parts.
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9. Downgrade/Upgrade ETOPS Category
The Maintenance Base Representative has the responsibility (In
BOG base the Fleet Coordinator) to send a message to the
departing base and contact MCC, reporting the discrepancy and
any corrective action taken and/or pending to perform, in order to
Downgrade / prepare the resources for the required corrective actions.
Upgrade
ETOPS
Category
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9. Downgrade/Upgrade ETOPS Category
All messages shall be copied to the Maintenance Division Director, MCC and fleet
coordinator. Each message must include date, flight number, aircraft registry, departure time
and aircraft condition.
The Fleet Coordinator must have the control and follow-up of those messages, including the
critical Maintenance Reports of a Significant System or power plant system.
Whenever a NON-ETOPS 180 component will be installed on the aircraft, the
aircraft is degraded in accordance with the approved IPC restrictions.
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10. MEL use
ETOPS MEL ITEMS
Avianca’s FAA and UAEAC approved MEL is customized in accordance with
the latest revision of the FAA’s MMEL
10. MEL use For A330 MEL ETOPS items and its restrictions are mentioned by “ER”
operations.
For B787 MEL ETOPS items and its restrictions are mentioned into
remarks or exceptions column as applicable and are stated as “Flight
remains within XXX minutes of landing at a suitable airport”.
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10. MEL use
For deferring any MEL item (including ETOPS items), the only approved source is the FAA and UAEAC
approved Avianca’s MEL manual, following the category designation and all the remarks, operational
and maintenance procedures.
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