PULMONARY CIRCULATION
SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GUIDE CARD
INTRODUCTION
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
DEFINITION OF TERMS
ACTIVITY CARD
ASSESSMENT CARD
ENRICHMENT CARD
ANSWER KEY
REFERENCE CARD
GUIDE CARD
Blood circulation starts from the heart to the different parts of the
body then back to the heart. The blood carrying metabolic wastes from
the tissues/ cells enters the right atrium through the vena cavae and is
poured into the right ventricle.
From the right ventricle, blood is pumped into the lungs through
the pulmonary veins. In the lungs, gaseous exchange takes place and the
blood gets oxygenated. Through the pulmonary veins, blood is then
transported from the lungs to the left atrium and poured to the left
ventricle.
INTRODUCTION
All living cells in the human body need nutrients that come from food. Food
provides the cells with energy. The cells use energy to do their different functions
for the include digestion, repair of tissues, excretion, reproduction, respiration and
circulation. Dissolved nutrients are transported through the blood. The blood flows
through the blood vessels with the help of the pumping of the heart. These
activities happen through the process called circulation.
The circulatory system is responsible for the distribution of nutrients to all
the cells in the body and the removal of waste materials from the cells. It is also
known as the cardiovascular system. Cardio refers to heart and vascular refers to a
channel or vessel through which blood flows. This system consists of the heart, the
blood and the blood vessels. All other body systems depend on the circulatory
system for nourishment and oxygen and for removal of wastes.
Our heart is just as big as our fist. It is located in the thoracic cavity just
behind the breastbone and between the lungs. The heart is the pump that enables
blood to circulate around the body. A healthy heart contracts about 75 times a
minute or 4500 times an hour. The heart is an efficient machine that generates its
own power for as long as it is supplied with nutrients and energy. The blood
reaches different parts of the body through the blood vessels. There are three types
of blood vessels: arteries, capillaries and veins. These blood vessels differ in
structure and function. And the blood travels throughout the body all the time.
The bigger circulation is called systemic circulation, involving the
whole body system. The smaller circulation is called pulmonary circulation,
involving only the lungs. The systemic circulation begins at the left side of the
heart. Contraction of the left ventricle sends the blood to the aorta and to the
smaller arteries, arterioles and capillaries that nourish the different organs. Oxygen
and nutrients pass from the blood to the cells and carbon dioxide as well as the
other wastes passes from the cells to the blood.
The pulmonary circulation begins at the right side of the right side of the
heart. Contraction of the right ventricle sends the blood to the pulmonary arteries
and to the capillaries of the lungs where exchange of gases takes place. Carbon
dioxide passes out of the blood while oxygen enters it. Blood coming from the
lungs is oxygenated blood. It passes through the pulmonary veins to the left atrium,
then to the left ventricle, from where it reenters the systemic circulation.
The circulatory system is like a highway inside your body. Through it,
nutrients from the digestive tract are distributed to all the cells of the body.
Likewise, it is through the blood that oxygen form the lungs reach the body cells.
At the same time, the waste products of chemical reactions in the cells travel
through the bloodstream to the different excretory organs-the kidneys, lungs and
skin-where they are thrown out of the body.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Identify and label the parts of the
circulatory system
Trace the flow of blood in the
pulmonary and systemic circulation.
Explain what occurs when blood
moves from the heart to the lungs and
when it moves from the heart to the
different organs of the body.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Pulmonary Circulation – is the movement of blood
from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.
Systemic Circulation – is the movement of oxygen-
rich blood from the heart to all parts of the body.
Blood Pressure – is the force exerted by blood
against the walls of main arteries when it is pumped
by the ventricles.
Pulse – is the stretching and bulging of an artery.
Heartbeat – is the sound made by the valve as they
snap shut, when blood is pumped out of the heart’s
chambers.
Stethoscope – instrument used to listen the heartbeat.
Sphygmomanometer- instrument used to measure
the blood pressure.
ACTIVITY 1
Model of Circulation
Problem: How does circulation occur?
Materials: a spoonful of honey
Paper plate
food coloring
Procedures:
1. Place a spoonful of honey on a paper plate.
2. Add a drop of food coloring on one edge of the blob of honey.
3. Tilt the paper plate to make honey flow in different directions. Observe what
happens.
Questions:
1. What happens to the drop of food coloring as honey flows in different
directions?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2. Compare the movement of food coloring to blood circulation in the human
circulatory system.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Conclusion:
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
ACTIVITY 1
PATHWAYS OF BLOOD
Problem: What are the pathways of blood as it flows through the body?
Materials: diagram/ illustration of the circulatory system
Textbook
Procedure:
1. Study the diagram or illustration that
shows the circulation of blood through
the different body parts Heart
2. With your textbook as a reference, trace
the flow of blood in the body by writing
Vein Artery
numbers beside the body parts in the
Systemic Capillaries
illustration on the right.
3. Perform the task required below.
Task:
A. Number the items below according to the path taken by the blood in the
process of giving up carbon dioxide and picking up oxygen.
_________heart
_________pulmonary artery
_________lungs
_________capillaries
_________superior and inferior venae cavae
B. Number the items below according to the path taken by the blood in the
process of distributing oxygen-rich blood to all body cells.
__________pulmonary vein
__________capillaries
__________intestinal walls
__________arteries
__________heart
ACTIVITY 2
DIFFERENCE OF PULMONARY & SYSTEMIC
CIRCULATION
Problem: How does pulmonary circulation differ from systemic circulation?
Materials: diagram of the cardiovascular system
“oxygen” markers
“carbon dioxide” markers
“other waste” markers
reference materials
Procedures:
1. Form a group with seven members each.
2. Study the diagram of the cardiovascular system.
3. Assign members of the group to assume different roles- as the heart, lungs, and
other body organs.
4. Assign the remaining members to act as the “blood”. Ask the pupils who take the
role of the bold to hold the oxygen markers.
5. Let the “blood” travel from the heart to the lungs.
6. Let the blood travel back to the heart and to the other parts of the body. As the
blood goes to each body part, it exchanges oxygen markers for carbon dioxide
markers and other wastes.
7. When the oxygen is used up, the blood then must travel back to the heart and lungs
to exchange the carbon dioxide and other wastes for new oxygen.
8. Repeat the activity until each member has been able to play the role of a body part
and act as blood.
9. Explain what occurs when blood moves from the heart to the lungs and when it
moves from the heart to the different organs of the body.
a. Movement of the blood from the heart to the lungs
___________________________________________________________________
b. Movement of the blood from the heart to the different organs of the body.
____________________________________________________________________
Questions:
1. Does the blood follow a definite path?
2. What type of blood circulation refers to the path traveled by the blood from the
heart to the lungs?
3. What type of blood circulation refers to the path traveled by the blood from the
heart to the different organs of the body?
4. How do the types of blood circulation differ
ASSESSMENT CARD
I. Identify the parts of circulatory system. Put the word on its definition or
functions.
________________1.
________________2.
________________3.
________________4.
________________5.
II. Trace the flow of blood in pulmonary and systemic circulation.
2.
3.
1.
4.
6.
5.
LUNGS SYSTEMIC CAPILLARIES
LEFT ATRIUM RIGHT ATRIUM
LEFT VENTRICLE RIGHT VENTRICLE
II.
III.ESSAY
1. What occurs when blood moves from the heart to the lungs and when it moves
from the heart to the different organs of the body?
_________________________________________________________________
2. How is the circulatory system like a transport system?
__________________________________________________________________
ENRICHMENT CARD
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Write the letter of the correct answer.
1.What is the circulatory system?
a. The body system of nerves.
b. The body’s breathing system
c. The body’s blood transporting system.
2. Which of the following are called the soldiers of the body?
a. plasma c. white blood cells
b. red blood cells
3. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the different parts of the body?
a. left atrium
b. left ventricle
c. right atrium
4. What is known as the “river of life”?
a. blood vessels c. heart
b. blood
5. The movement of the blood as it carries food and oxygen to the cells of the body
called __________.
a. digestion c. respiration
b. circulation
6. Which circulation brings blood to the lungs for oxygenation?
a. systemic circulation c. general circulation
b. pulmonary circulation
7. What blood vessel carries oxygenated blood?
a. pulmonary vein c. pulmonary artery
b. arteriole
8. Blood goes upward as it travels through veins back to the heart. Why does it not
flow backward?
a. There are valves in the veins
b. The veins are thick
c. Blood flows slowly
9. Which artery carries deoxygenated blood?
a. artery that brings blood to the lungs
b. artery that brings blood to the heart
c. artery that brings blood to the brain
10. Which of these is NOT good for our circulatory system?
a. reducing salt in our diet
b. doing moderate daily exercise
c. working in an office where many people smoke
ANSWER KEY
ACTIVITY 1 ACTIVITY 2
ACTIVITY 3 ASSESSMENT
ENRICHMENT
REFERENCES
EXPLORING AND
PROTECTING OUR WORLD 6
Science and Health 6, pages 3-29
Carmelita C. Coronel
Thelma R. Mingoa, Ph. D.
Alicia L. Padua
Miliza M. Romero
Melvin M. Mingoa , M.D
INTO THE FUTURE:
SCIENCE AND HEALTH 6
Science and Health 6, pages 2-18
Juanita M. Cruz
Danilo S. Gutierrez
Helen E. Caintic
Victoria S. Ziganay
SCIENCE LINKS Worktext
in Science and Health 6
Science and Health 6, pages 28-63
Evelyn C. Padpad
Estrellita A. Madriaga
Erlinda Q. Parde(Coordinator)
Magdalena C. Roque
(Consultant)
VALIDITY
GRADE VI-BARRIDA
2014-2015
Lo-ok Elementary School
Test Validation: August 25, 2015
BOYS SCORES TEST ITEMS
1. Abangan, Kevin Luke B.
2. Asedillas, Kharl Mark L.
3. Atok, Jhervicson G.
4. Aves, Dan Harry B.
5. Bautista, Roel B.
6. De Loyola, Frix Adrian
7. Dungog, Justin John
8. Durado, Justine M.
9. Eyas, Richard V.
10.Jandoc, Mark Lester
11. Layan, Mark Anthony
12.Llanos, Ronald Jr. D.
13.Molave, John Marcel M.
14.Nebria, Walter Jr. A.
15.Nilo, Jimmel S.
16.Nudalo, Keneth A.
17.Potot, Jose Rene Jr. M.
18.Tarona, Jhon Loyd
19.Yagonia, Jack Bruce C.
20.Ybalez, Chuck L.
21.Ybanez, Clint Lawrence G.
GIRLS SCORES TEST ITEMS
1. Arevalo, Ira Mae G.
2. Aying, Krizha Mae
3. Burlado, Ma. Elizabeth
4. Dungog, Jecyn I.
5. Galia, Rowelyn A.
6. Gimeno, Lara Mae
7. Hadraque, Kate C.
8. Itlanas, Rhymple Y.
9. Lopernes, Miraney I.
10.Milmao, Jhoanna Mae
11.Olivar, Margie Mae R.
12.Oraya, Chirychar A.
13.Pardillo, Kaila Marie B.
14.Potot, Gizielle P.
15.Urdaneta, Jehane A.
16.Villamor, Jenelle
17. Ybanez, Riza E.
