Mark Antony gives a speech at Caesar's funeral in Shakespeare's play. He starts by saying he has come to bury Caesar, not praise him, preparing the audience for an unflattering portrayal. Through clever rhetoric, Antony sways the Roman citizens from supporting Caesar's assassins to despising them. He highlights Caesar's virtues and reveals Caesar's will leaving gifts to all Romans. By the end of the speech, Antony has incited the crowd into a rage against the conspirators through an effective manipulation of their emotions.
Mark Antony gives a speech at Caesar's funeral in Shakespeare's play. He starts by saying he has come to bury Caesar, not praise him, preparing the audience for an unflattering portrayal. Through clever rhetoric, Antony sways the Roman citizens from supporting Caesar's assassins to despising them. He highlights Caesar's virtues and reveals Caesar's will leaving gifts to all Romans. By the end of the speech, Antony has incited the crowd into a rage against the conspirators through an effective manipulation of their emotions.
Mark Antony gives a speech at Caesar's funeral in Shakespeare's play. He starts by saying he has come to bury Caesar, not praise him, preparing the audience for an unflattering portrayal. Through clever rhetoric, Antony sways the Roman citizens from supporting Caesar's assassins to despising them. He highlights Caesar's virtues and reveals Caesar's will leaving gifts to all Romans. By the end of the speech, Antony has incited the crowd into a rage against the conspirators through an effective manipulation of their emotions.
Mark Antony gives a speech at Caesar's funeral in Shakespeare's play. He starts by saying he has come to bury Caesar, not praise him, preparing the audience for an unflattering portrayal. Through clever rhetoric, Antony sways the Roman citizens from supporting Caesar's assassins to despising them. He highlights Caesar's virtues and reveals Caesar's will leaving gifts to all Romans. By the end of the speech, Antony has incited the crowd into a rage against the conspirators through an effective manipulation of their emotions.
1. ‘I come to bury Caesar. Not to praise him.’ What does the opening lines suggest to you? What does the line prepare you for? Ans. The opening lines of the speech ‘I came to bury Caesar, not to praise him’, suggests the reader that, Antony will be speaking the truth. It prepares the reader to listen and foresee the truth. 2. What do you understand by the term ‘ambitious’ used as it is for Caesar? Does it carry a negative connotation? Ans. The ‘ambitious’ was used to accuse Caesar by Brutus and the conspirators claiming that it was a grievous fault which could fatal to Rome. Yes it carries a negative connotation as Caesar was blamed for being too ambitious with some personal agenda not for Rome’s grater good. 3. ‘Ambition should be made of sterner stuff.’ What is Anthony referring to? Does the crowd agree? Ans. Antony is referring Caesar, saying that ambitious men should be sterner but Caesar wept when the poor were troubled. The crowd reasons it and agreed. 4. Why, according to you, might Caesar have refused the kingly crown? Does it tell you something about him? Ans. Caesar might have refused the kingly crown since he has no concern about is position. It shows us that Caesar was a modest and a selfless man 5. ‘..now lies he there’-Where is Caesar lying? Ans. Caesar was lying 6. What parchment does Anthony reveals to the Romans? Does it hold any significance for them? What significance? Ans. The parchment which Antony revealed to the Roman is Caesar’s will. It was significant especially for the citizens because it was written that Caesar had left seventy five Drachmas to every male citizen, and had left all his wealth, his private property and orchids to be enjoyed by the people of Rome forever. 7. Why does Anthony prepare the people to shed their tears? Was he successful in his attempt? Ans. Antony prepares the people to shed their tears because he was about to show then Caesar’s death body and the ‘cut’ which his dearest friend Brutus has inflicted by stabbing him. He was successful in his attempt. 8. Why does Antony refer to stabbing of Caesar as the ‘most unkindest cut of all’? Ans. Antony refers to Brutus cutting of Caesar as the most unkindest ‘cut’ of all because he was his dearest friend. The cut inflicted by Brutus broke his heart and he fell bleeding. B. Think and answer in about 100-120 words. 1. Do you agree with the opening lines? Why do you think Anthony would have started his speech in the way he did? Ans. Yes, I agree with the opening lines of Mark Antony’s speech- ‘Friends, Romans, Country Men, Lend me your ears.’ Mark Antony’s main intention was to prove Caesars innocence but the crowd is clearly in favour of Brutus and the conspirators. The audience was also not ready to accept whatever Anton y had to say as they were already convinced that Caesar was at fault and it was good tat Rome is ‘ rid’ of him. Mark Antony thus had to establish a good rapport with the audience, it begins with an apostrophe to the crowd. He calls them ‘friends’. Antony, who’s gentle demeanor was already well known to the Romans, was able to immediately connect with the audience. The exordium greatly attracts the crowd’s attention and he is able to establish a link with them. 2. Trace the progression of the citizens’ reactions to Antony’s speech? Ans. Initially the citizens of Rome stood firmly behind Brutus and his fellow conspirators and believed that they have done them all a favour. When Antony goes up on the pulpit to speak, the citizens discusses among themselves saying that ‘twere best he speak no harm of Brutus here’, ‘this Caesar was a tyrant and that Rome is blessed to be rid of him’. After Antony starts speaking the crowd begins to accept his words saying that ‘there is much reasons in his saying’ and ‘he would not take the crown; and thus certain he was not ambitious’. Antony to steadily bring in his opening that Caesar was killed wrongfully by reminding the citizens of how Caesar cared for the poor and how he felled for the “General Coffers”. At the end, the emotions of the citizens were completely overturned when they learned that they are the heirs of Caesar. The same audience who denied hearing anything against Brutus, and the conspirators wanted to burn them down with the torch they used for Caesar’s funeral pyre. 3. From your reading of the above play, draw a character sketch of Antony. Do you really think he was an orator par excellence? Support your answer with valid reasons. Ans. Mark Antony is a confident and a very loyal man, who is also a genuine friend. He is a master at using rhetoric. He was also a clever and diplomatic man. Mark Antony swayed the minds of the Romans, whom at the of time were blaming Caesar for being ambitious, his skillfully presence rhetoric questions to the audience asking them if someone who is ambitious would spare a chance of storing up wealth for himself; weep on witnessing somebody else’s pain or reject the kingly crown not once but thrice which were all true to Caesar. He wittily points out the good characteristics or Caesar’s contradicting to what the conspirators have said, at the same time pledging his allegiance to tem, by doing this, he appears unimposing but allows the audience to decide for themselves. Through his effective funereal speech, he steers the people into a rage against the conspirators. Thus, Mark Antony is undoubtedly an orator par excellence. 4. Can you spot ‘mob mentality’ in this scene of the play? Write a note expressing your views on the scene. Ans. The citizen of Rome stood firmly behind Brutus and his fellow conspirators. But when Mark Antony goes up on the pulpit to speak about his loving friend Caesar, he was able to change the mind of the crowd. When Mark Antony starts his speech, e speak in such a way that catches the attention of the crowds and the crow begins to accept his words, Antony manage to stealthily bring in his opinion that Caesar was killed wrongfully by reminding the citizens of Rome how Caesar cared for the people and how he filled the general coffers. At the end, the emotions of the crowd were completely overturned when they learned that they are the heirs of Caesar. Therefore ‘mob mentality’ is present in this scene of the play. 5. Antony uses Ceasar’s will to turn his audience completely in his favour and against the injustice of the assassination. Write a short note in this incidence. Ans. Antony skillfully uses Caesar’s will to evoke the emotions of the audience. He first displays the will but refuses to read it and says that the people will love and honor Caesar if they knew its content. Thus, he arouses the crowd’s curiosity. When the audience claimer to hear the will, he says that its content will enrage them and make them mad with anger but the people insists on knowing the content of the will. Antony now cleverly manipulates the situation and says that he overstepped the limit set upon him. This arouses the crowd suspicions that the conspirators intended to withhold Caesar’s will from them. Before he reads the will he shows them Caesars wounds, so that that the disfigured body of Caesar arouses pity in them. They are now convinced that the conspirators are nothing but ruthless traitors and they cried for revenge. Sensing that e had completely mastered the mo, Antony reads the will and establishes that Caesar was Rome’s well wisher and benefactor. The crowd is infuriated and rushed out to punish the conspirators.
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