Transformation Elias Sir

Mathematics

Some important formula

(i) Finding image when object and reflection line is given:
(a) If reflection line is horizontal or vertical, count the distance of the mirror line (reflection line) from the object, image will be on the
opposite side of the mirror line with the same distance.
(b) If reflection line is slant, move horizontally from the object to meet the mirror line (reflection line) and count this distance. Move
vertically from the meeting point with the same distance.
Remember that object and image must lie on the opposite side of the reflection line.
(ii) To find mirror line (reflection line) when object and image are given, follow the following steps.
(a) Join any corresponding object and image.
(b) Draw the perpendicular bisector of this joining line.
(c) This perpendicular bisector is the mirror line.

15. Reflection:
(i) Finding image when object and reflection line is given:
(a) If reflection line is horizontal or vertical, count the distance of the mirror line (reflection line) from the object. Image will be on the
opposite side of the mirror Line with the same distance.
(b) If reflection line is slant, move horizontally from the object to meet the mirror line (reflection line) and count this distance. Move
vertically from the meeting point with the same distance. Remember that object and image must lie on the opposite side of the reflection
line.

(ii) To find mirror line (reflection line) when object and image are given, follow the following steps.
(a) Join any corresponding object and image.
(b) Draw the perpendicular bisector of this joining line.
(c) This perpendicular bisector is the mirror line.

16. Rotation
(i) Rules of changing points in different rotation:
(a) (𝑥𝑦) 900 (−𝑥
𝑦
)

(b) (𝑥𝑦) 900 (−𝑦

𝑥
)

(c) (𝑥𝑦) 1800 (−𝑥

−𝑦
)

(ii) Finding image when object, centre, angle1 and direction are given:
(a) Write the distance of the object from the centre in matrix form
(b) If centre is origin, distance from the centre and coordinates of the points will be same, otherwise it will be different.
(c) For 90° clockwise rotation, change the position of the number and change the sign of the lower number.
(d) For 90° anticlockwise rotation, change the position of the number and change the sign of the upper number.
(e) For 180° rotation, do not change the position of any number, but change the sign of all numbers.

(iii) When object and image are given, to find centre, angle and direction follow the following steps.
(a) Join any two pairs of corresponding object and image.
(b) Draw the two perpendicular bisector of these two joining line.
(c) Intersecting point of these two perpendicular bisector is the centre of rotation.
(d) To find angle, join centre and one pair of corresponding object and image. The angle between these two joining lines is the angle of
rotation. Measure this angle using Protractor, or calculate this angle making triangle.
(e) To find direction, take a compass. Put the compass leg on the centre and pencil on the object. Keeping the compass leg fixed, move
the pencil to the corresponding image. If the pencil moves clockwise, direction is clockwise. If the pencil move anticlockwise, direction
is anticlockwise.

25. Some matrices and their transformation are given below:

Matrix Transformation
0 −1 0
1. (1 0 ) Rotation 90 anticlockwise, centre (0, 0).
0
2. (−1 1
) Rotation 900 clockwise, centre (0, 0).
0

3. −1 0
( 0 −1) Rotation 1800 , centre (0, 0).
4. (10 −1
0
) Reflection in 𝑥-axis.
5. (−10 1
0
) Reflection in y-axis.
6. (01 10) Reflection in 𝑦 = 𝑥.
0 −1 Reflection in 𝑦 = −𝑥
7. (−1 0
)
8. (𝑘0 0𝑘 ) Enlargement, scale factor 𝑘, centre (0, 0).

26. Identification of transformation and their fully description.

Transformation Identification Need to describe fully
Enlargement Change of area or change of Centre and scale factor.
side – length.
Translation Change of position without Vector.
rotation.
Reflection Corresponding object-image Equation of reflection line.
joining lines intersect at the
same point, which is the centre
of 1800 rotation.
1800 rotation The remaining are other Centre.
rotation.
Other rotation Angle, direction and centre.

27. 180° rotation and enlargement with scale factor −1 are same.
28. Invariant point: Normally when points are multiplied by a matrix, they are changed. But there are some point,
after multiplication by a matrix, they remain unchanged. These points are called invariant point.
29. Invariant line: By joining the invariant points, a line may be obtained. This line is called invariant line.
If matrix is (𝑎𝑐 𝑑𝑏 ) and invariant point is (𝑥𝑦), use (𝑎𝑐 𝑑𝑏 ) (𝑥𝑦 ) = (𝑥𝑦) to find the equation of invariant line.
 Transformation (Paper-1)
1. (ii) triangle C. [2]
The flag .4 is mapped onto the flag B by a clockwise
ration of x2 about the centre p.
Write down
(a) the value of z. [1]

(b) the coordinates of P. [1]

2. The diagram shows three triangle A, B and C.

(a) Describe fully the single transformation which (b) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle D by an
maps triangle A onto enlargement with centre (1, 0) and scale factor -2.
(i) triangle B. [2] Draw triangle D on the diagram. [2]
3. The diagram shows triangles A, B and C. 4. A transformation S is represented by the matrix
2 0
(a) An enlargement maps triangle A onto triangle B. .
0 1
Write down the scale factor of this enlargement. (a) The shape A has vertices (1 ,0), (0, 1), (—1, 0)
and (0,—1).
Shape A is shown on the grid.

 2 0  1 0  1 0 
By calculating     or otherwise,
0 1  0 1 0 1 
draw and label the shape S(A).

(b) Describe completely the single transformation

will map triangle A onto triangle C.
(b) Find the matrix which represents the (d) On the grid below draw and label S3(A).
transformation S2.

(c) On the grid below draw and label S2(4).

(e) Write down the matrix which represents S 2.

5. P is the point (1, 1) and Q is the point (5, —2). (b) Triangle 8 is mapped onto triangle C by a
(a) A translation maps P onto Q. reflection in the line y = x + 1.
Write down the column vector which represents this (i) On the diagram, draw and label triangle C.
translation.

6. The diagram below shows triangle A.

(ii) Describe fully the single transformation which

maps triangle C onto triangle A.

Triangle A is mapped Onto triangle B by a reflection

in the x = 1.
(a) On the diagram. draw and label triangle B.

7.
(a) Describe fully the single transformation that maps (ii) A shear in which the x-axis is invariant maps
Δ𝑋𝑌𝑍 on to Δ𝑋𝑃𝑄. Δ4BC onto ΔA’B’C’.

The diagram in the answer space shows ΔABC and

the point B (9, 2).
(i) A translation maps B onto B.
Write down the column vector that represents this
translation.

(a) Draw ΔA’B’C’ on the diagram in the answer

space
(iii) Slate the shear factor.
8. The diagram below shows the point P and (ii) the shear factor.
triangles B, C and D.

(b) Describe fully the single transformation which

maps ΔA onto ΔC.

(d) ΔA is mapped onto ΔE by a rotation of 90°

clockwise about the point (4, 2).
Draw and label ΔE on the diagram above.

(c) ΔA is mapped onto ΔD by a shear. Write down

(i) the equation of the invariant Iine,
 10. The diagram below shows the point P and
9. triangles A, B and C.
(a) The reflection, M maps ΔA onto ΔB Given that
M(P) = Q, write down the coordinates of Q.

In the diagram, 𝐴𝐶𝐷 and 𝐵𝐶𝐸 are straight lines.

𝐶𝐵 𝐶𝐴 1
= 𝐶𝐷 = 2.
𝐶𝐸
(a) Describe fully the single transformation
that maps ∆𝐶𝐴𝐵 onto ∆𝐶𝐷𝐸. [2]

(b) The rotation, R, maps ΔA onto ΔC.

Find,
(i) the coordinates of the centre of this rotation.

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ( 6 ) and 𝐵𝐶
(b) It is given that 𝐸𝐷 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (3).
−8 1
Calculate ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐸 . [2]
(ii) the angle and direction of this rotation. (d) Given that FE (A) =A, describe fully till
transformation F.

(c) The enlargement, E with centre (-1, 0) and scale

factor -2, maps ΔA onto ΔD.
Draw and label ΔD on the diagram.
11. (a) Under the transformation T, the origin is (b) The diagram shows shapes A and B.
invariant, T maps (1, 0) onto (2, 0) and (0, 1) onto (0,
2).
(i) Find the matrix that represents T.

(i) Shape B is mapped onto shape C by a rotation,

centre (8, 3), through 90° clockwise. Draw shape C
on the diagram.

(ii) Describe, fully, the single transformation T.

(ii) Describe, fully, the single transformation that

maps A onto B.
12. (b) Describe fully the single transformation which
maps ΔT onto ΔB.

The diagram shows triangles T, B and C.

(a) The enlargement, with centre (0, 0) and scale
factor 2, maps ΔT onto ΔA.
Draw ΔA on the diagram above,

(c) A reflection maps ΔT onto ΔC. Write down the

equation of the line of reflection.
13. The diagram below shows three triangles Q, R? (b) Describe fully the single transformation that
and S. maps triangle Q onto triangle R.
(a) Triangle T is the image of triangle Q under a
  2
translation   . Draw and Label triangle T.
 1

(c) Find the matrix representing the transformation

that maps triangle Q onto triangle S.
14. The diagram shows triangles A and B, (b) On the diagram, draw and label  C .

  3
(a) The translation   maps  A onto  C.
 2

(b) The rotation 900 clockwise, centre (2, 0), maps

 A onto  D.
On the diagram, draw and label  D.
(c) Describe fully the single transformation which
maps  A onto  B. 15.

The grid above shows the points P(1, 2) and Q (-7,

4).
(i) P can be mapped onto Q by a translation. Write
down its column vector.
(ii) P can also be mapped onto Q by an enlargement,
centre (5, 1). Write down its scale factor.

The diagram shows triangles A and B.

(i) Describe fully the single transformation that
maps triangle A onto triangle B.
(ii) Triangle A can also be mapped onto triangle B (b) Describe fully the single transformation that
by a reflection in the line x = -1 followed by a maps mangle P onto triangle Q.
rotation.
Write down the centre of this rotation.

(c) Find the matrix representing the transformation

that maps triangle Q onto triangle R.

16. The diagram below shows three triangles. F, Q

and R?.
(a) Triangle T is the image of triangle P under art
enlargement with centre (5, 2) and scale factor 2.
Draw and label triangle T on the diagram.
17. (ii) Find the coordinates of the centre of rotation.

The diagram shows triangles A, B and C.

(a) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle B by an
anticlockwise rotation.
(i) Write down the angle of rotation.

(b) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle C by a

stretch.
(i) Write down the scale factor.
(ii) Write down the equation of the invariant line.
18. The diagram shows two triangle, A and B. 19. The diagram shows triangle ABC

9 
Triangle ABC is translated by   onto triangle
 2
𝐴’𝐵’𝐶’
(a) Find the coordinates of 𝐶’ [1]

(a) Write down the vector that represents &

translation that maps triangle A onto tangle B. [1]

(b) What special type of quadrilateral is 𝐵𝐶𝐶’𝐵’ ?

(b) Triangle C is an enlargement of triangle [1]
A with centre (3,3) and scale factor 3.
Draw and label triangle C. [2]
(c) Find the area of quadrilateral 𝐵𝐶𝐶’𝐵’. [2] 20.

The diagram shows triangle A and B.

(a) Describe fully the single transformation that
maps triangle A onto triangle B.
(b) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle C by the 21. The diagram shows triangle A.
transformation T.
T is a rotation, centre the origin, through 270 0
clockwise.
(i) On the diagram, draw triangle C.

(a) Reflect triangle A in the line x = 1.

Label the image B. [1]

(ii) Find the matrix that represents T.

(b) Rotate triangle A through 900 clockwise about

the point (-1, 3).
Label the image C. [1]
 (b) Find the matrix representing the transformation
22. The diagram shows triangles A, B and C. that maps triangle A onto triangle C.
(a) Triangle A can be mapped onto triangle B by a
translation. Write down the column vector for the
translation.
(c) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle C by an 23.
enlargement, scale factor 2, centre (5, 0).
Draw and label triangle D.

(a) Describe fully the single transformation that

maps triangle 𝐴 onto triangle 𝐵. [2]
(b) Triangle 𝐴 is mapped onto triangle 𝐶 by an area of triangle A
(c) Find the value of area of triangle C [1]
1
enlargement, centre 𝑃, scale factor − 2.
On the diagram, draw triangle 𝐶. [2]

24.

The diagram shows triangles 𝐴 and 𝐵.

(a) The translation (−4
3
) maps triangle 𝐴 onto triangle
𝐶.
On the diagram, draw and label triangle 𝐶. [1]
(b) The rotation 900 clockwise, centre (1,1), (c) Find the matrix of the transformation that
maps triangle 𝐴 onto triangle 𝐷. maps triangle 𝐴 onto triangle 𝐵. [1]
On the diagram, draw and label triangle 𝐷. [2]

25. 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 are three triangles.

𝑇1 , 𝑇2 and 𝑇3 are three transformations such that
𝑇1 (𝐴) = 𝐵, 𝑇2 (𝐴) = 𝐶 and 𝑇3 (𝐶) 𝐵.
The vertices of triangle 𝐴 are (1, 0), (0, 1) and (1, 3).
The matrix that represents 𝑇1 is (20 21).
(a) Find (20 21)(10 01 13). [2]
(b) The matrix that represents 𝑇2 is (20 01).
26.
(i) Find the inverse of (20 01). [1]

The diagram shows triangles 𝐴 and 𝐵.

(a) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle 𝐵 by an
enlargement.
(ii) The matrix that represents 𝑇3 is M. Find the scale factor, and the centre, of this
Find M. [2] enlargement. [2]
(b) Triangle 𝐴 is mapped onto triangle 𝐶 by a shear, 27.
with invariant line the 𝑥-axis and shear factor 2.
On the diagram, draw triangle 𝐶. [2]

The diagram shows triangle 𝐴.

Triangle 𝐴 is mapped onto triangle 𝐵 by an
enlargement.
The enlargement has centre (3, 3) and scale factor
−2.
Draw and label triangle 𝐵. [2]
28. Triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 is mapped onto triangle 𝐴′ 𝐵′ 𝐶′ by
a rotation, centre 𝑂, through 1100 clockwise.
Draw and label triangle 𝐴′ 𝐵′ 𝐶′.

[3]
29. The diagram shows triangles 𝐴 and 𝐵.
(a) Describe fully the single transformation that maps (b) Triangle 𝐴 is mapped onto triangle 𝐶 by a
triangle 𝐴 onto triangle 𝐵. [2] rotation,
900 anti-clockwise about the origin.
On the diagram, draw triangle 𝐶. [2]
30. (b) Draw triangle 𝐶 on the grid. [2]

Triangle 𝐴 is mapped onto triangle 𝐵 by a

translation,
followed by an enlargement with centre (10, −4).
The translation maps triangle 𝐴 onto triangle 𝐶.
The enlargement maps triangle 𝐶 onto triangle 𝐵.
(a) Write down the scale factor
of the enlargement. [1]

(c) Find the column vector that represents the

translation that maps triangle 𝐴 onto triangle 𝐶. [1]
 Paper-2
1. In the diagram 𝑂 is the origin. A is the point (3, 1), (b) What kind of transformation is Q? [1]
B is (3, 0), C is (5, 1), D is (1, 3) and E is (0, 3). The
single transformation P maps  OAB into  ODE.
The single transformation Q maps
 𝑂𝐴𝐵 onto  𝑂𝐶𝐵.
(a) Describe P completely. [2]

(c) The points 0, H and K are the images of O, A

and B respectively under the transformation QP.
Find
(i) the coordinates of H. [2]
(ii) the area of  OHK. [1] (b) An enlargement, with centre 4,
maps triangle ABC onto triangle ADE.
Calculate the scale factor of the enlargement. [1]

2.

(c) Another enlargement, with centre C, maps

triangle EBC onto triangle EPA. BC = 3.6 cm.
Calculate
(i) the length of AF, [1]

In the diagram, AC = 8 cm, CE = 4 cm and the area

of triangle EBC = 4.2 cm2.
(a) Calculate the area of triangle ABC. [1]
(ii) the area of triangle EMA, [2] (iii) the area of triangle BAF. [2]
3. Answer the whole of this question on a sheet of (c) The transformation R is a rotation through 90 0
graph paper. clockwise, centre wise, centre (3, 4).
Triangle A has vertices (6, —2), (8, —2) and (6, — The transformation R maps triangle A onto triangle
5). C, so that R(A) C.
(a) Using a scale of 1 cm to represent 1 unit on each Draw and label triangle C. [2]
axis, draw axes for values of x and p in the ranges
−6 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 12 and — 6 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 6. [1]
Draw and label triangle A.

(b) The translation T is represented by the column

3 
vector  
 4
The translation T maps triangle 4 onto triangle B, so
that T(A) = B.
Draw and label triangle B. [1]
(d) Given that TR(A) = D, (e) Triangle E has vertices (2, −2), (4, −2)
draw and label triangle D. [2] and (−4, −5). [2]
The single transformation H maps triangle A onto
triangle E.
Describe fully the transformation H.
4. (b) Find the matrix that represents the
single transformation which maps A onto C. [2]

The diagram shows triangles A, B, C and D.

(a) Describe fully the single transformation
which maps A onto B. [2]
(c) A is mapped onto D by a clockwise rotation.  2 0
Find (d) The matrix   represents the transformation
(i) the angle of this rotation, [1] 0 1 
which maps triangle A onto triangle E.
(i) Find the coordinates of the vertices of triangle E.
[2]

(ii) the coordinates of the centre of this rotation.[1]

(ii) Describe fully the transformation that (iii) Find the matrix that represents
 2 0 the single transformation which maps
is rep-resented by the matrix   . [2] triangle E onto triangle A. [2]
0 1 
5. Answer the whole of this question on a sheet of (b) The transformation M is a reflection in the line
graph paper. 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 4.
The transformation M maps triangle A onto triangle
B. so that M(A) = B.
Draw and label triangle B. [2]

The diagram shows triangle A and the straight line

𝑦 = + 4.
Triangle A has vertices (3, 2), (3, 4) and (4, 4).
(a) Using a scale of 1 cm to represent 1 unit on each
axis, draw, on a sheet of graph paper, axes for values
of x and y in the ranges —-6 ≤ x 6 and -6 ≤ y ≤ 10.
Draw and label triangle A.
Draw the straight tine y = x + 4. [1]
(c) Triangle C has vertices (-1, 2), (1, 2) and (1, 1). (d) Given that MR (A) - D draw and label triangle D
(i) the angle and direction of this rotation.

(e) Triangle E has vertices (3, —1). (3, 1) and (4, 0).
(ii) the coordinates of the centre of this rotation. [2] The transformation L maps triangle A onto triangle E
describe fully the transformation L. [2]
(f) The transformation K is an enlargement, centre (ii) Describe fu Iv the transformation that maps
(2, 1), with scale factor -2. triangle F onto triangle A. [1]
The transformation K maps triangle 4 onto triangle F.
(i) Draw nod label triangle F, [2]

6. In the diagram, PQR is a triangle with PQR= 900

and QRP = 40°.

The point O is the midpoint of QR.

Triangle P1Q1R1 is the image of triangle PQR.
under an anticlockwise rotation about the point 0.
The point R) lies on PR.
The line QR intersects the tine P1R1 at the point S.
Find
(i) 𝑅𝑅̂1 𝑄1 [1]
(ii) the angle of rotation [1] 7.

Triangle ABC has vertices A (1, 1), B (3, 1) and C

(1, 2).
Triangle DEF has vertices D (-1, -1), E (-1, -3) and F
(-2, -1).
The matrix P represents the single transformation.
T, that maps triangle ABC onto triangle DEF.
(a) (i) Describe T fully. [2]

(iii) 𝑂𝑆̂𝑃1 [1]

(ii) Write down the matrix P. [1] (ii) This transformation maps K onto C.
Find the coordinates of K. [2]

(b) Another transformation is represented by the

 0  1
matrix Q, where Q =   .
1 0 
(i) this transformation maps B onto Y.
Find the coordinates of Y. [1]
(iii) Describe, fully, the single transformation which (iv) The matrix R is given by Q = RP.
is represented by Q. By considering the effects of transformations on
triangle ABC, or otherwise, find R. [2]
(c) The point H lies on DC produced 8. (a) The diagrams show triangles A, B, C and D.
18  (i) The single transformation P maps ΔA onto ΔB.
where DH   
h  Describe, fully, the transformation P.
Calculate
(i) the ratio DC: DH. [1]

[2]

(ii) the value of h. [1]

(ii) The single transformation Q maps ΔA onto ΔC. (iii) The reflection R maps ΔA onto ΔD.
Describe, fully, the transformation Q. Find the matrix that represents the reflection R.

[2] [2]
(b) The diagram shows the points E(1, 3) F(2, 3) and
G(-1, 3) 9.
An enlargement, centre E, maps F onto G.

[1]
The diagram shows triangles A, B, C and D.
Write down (i) Find the matrix representing the transformation
(i) the scale factor, [1] that maps triangle A onto triangle B. [1]

(ii) the coordinates of the image of (0, 4). [1]

(ii) Describe fully the single transformation that (iii) Triangle C is mapped onto triangle 0 by the
maps triangle B onto triangle C. [2] translation T
(a) Write down the column vector that represents T.
[1]

(b) The transformation R that maps triangle A onto

triangle C is represented by the
 0  1
matrix   .
1 0 
Show that the transformation R followed by T maps
(h, k) onto (−𝑘 − 3, ℎ − 3). [1]
(c) Find the value of h and the value of k for which (d) The single transformation that is equivalent to R
the transformation R followed by T maps (h, k) onto followed by T is a rotation. Write down the
itself. [2] coordinates of the centre of this rotation. [1]
10. (a) The diagram (on next page) shows triangles (ii) Describe fully the single transformation
A, B, C and D. that maps ΔB onto ΔC. [2]
(i) Describe fully the single transformation
that maps ΔA onto ΔB. [2]
(iii) Describe fully the single transformation (iv) Write down the matrix that represents
that maps ΔC onto ΔD. [2] the transformation which maps ΔC onto ΔA. [1]
 (b) Write down the area of triangle LMN. [1]

11. (b)

The diagram shows triangle ABC.

(i) Find the area of triangle ABC. [1]

(ii) An enlargement, scale factor 4, maps triangle

ABC onto triangle LMN.
The point A maps onto the point L (10, 3).
(a) Find the coordinates of the centre of
enlargement. [1]
(iii) A shear, with the x-axis invariant, (b) Write down the area of triangle DEE. [1]
maps triangle ABC onto triangle DEE.
The point A maps onto the point D (7, 3).
(a) Find the coordinates of F, the image of B. [2]
  1 1  (ii) Given that A = B-1, find the value of x. [2]
 03  
12. (a) A   b   1
 1
x  0 
3 
(i) Express 2A-3B in terms of x. [2]
 (b) find the coordinates of the
(b) centre enlargement. [2]

The diagram shows the triangles P and Q.

(i) The enlargement E maps triangle P onto triangle
Q.
For this enlargement
(a) write down the scale factor. [1]
(ii) The single transformation T is represented the (iii) L is the point ( k, 2).
1 2  T maps L onto (8, 2).
matrix   . (a) Find the value of k. [1]
 0 1
Describe T completely. [2]

(b) Find the coordinates of ET (L). [2]

13. (a) PQRS and 𝑃′𝑄′𝑅′𝑆′ are congruent
quadrilaterals.
R is the same point as 𝑆′.
S is the same point as 𝑅′.
A single transformation maps P onto P.
Q onto 𝑄′ R onto 𝑅′ and S onto 𝑆′.

(i) Describe hilly this transformation. [3]

(ii) Write down two facts connecting PQ and 𝑄’𝑃’. (ii) The transformation, S. that maps triangle A onto
[1] 2 0
triangle C is represented by the matrix ( )
0 1
Find the vertices of triangle C. [2]

The diagram shows triangle A and triangle B.

(i) A translation, T, maps triangle A onto triangle B.

State the column vector representing this translation.
[1]
(iii) Given that TS (A) = D, (iv) Triangle F has vertices (0, 0), (2, 0) and (0, 3).
find the vertices of triangle D. [1] (a) It is given that (0, 0)  (0, 0),
(1, 0),  (2, 0) and (0, 1)  (0, 3).
Find the matrix that represents this transformation.
[2]
(b) Describe fully the single transformation
that maps triangle A onto triangle E. [2] 14.

(i) Describe fully the single transformation

that maps triangle A onto triangle B. [2]
(ii) Describe fully the single transformation (iii) Another transformation is represented by the
that maps triangle A onto triangle C. [2] 0 1
matrix P. where P=
1 0
This transformation maps triangle A onto triangle D.
Find the vertices of triangle D. [2]
(iv) Describe fully the single transformation x 
represented by the matrix P. [2]  3  1 0    4 
15. (a)  11   
1 0 1 y   9 
 
Find x and y. [2]
(b) (i) The transformation A is represented by the (iii) Describe fully the transformation
a 0 1 0 
matrix   . Find, is terms of A, B, C d as given by the matrix   [2]
c d   0 1
appropriate.
(a) the image of (1, 0) under the transformation A.
[1]

(b) the image of (0, 1) under the transformation A.

[1]

(ii) The transformation B maps (1, 0) onto (1, 3)

and (0, 1) onto (-3, -2).
Write down the matrix that represent
transformation B. [1]
16. (c) (i) Triangle E is mapped onto triangle F by a (ii) The transformation that maps triangle £ onto
reflection in the line 𝑦 = −𝑥. triangle G is represented by the matrix
Draw and label triangle F. [2]  2 0
  . Draw and label triangle G. [2]
 0 1
(iii) Triangle E is mapped onto triangle H by a stretch (b) The vertex (1, 1) of triangle E is mapped onto the
with the x-axis as the invariant line. vertex (M, N ) of triangle H. Find in and n.
The area of triangle H is 12 units’.

(a) Far this stretch, state the scale factor.

17. (a) (ii) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle C by an
anticlockwise rotation of 990, centre (0,3).
Draw and label triangle C. [2]

The diagram shows triangle A and line I.

(i) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle B by a
reflection in line L.
Draw and label triangle B. [2]
(iii) Triangle C is mapped onto triangle D by a
reflection in line 1. Describe the single
transformation that snaps triangle
B onto triangle D. [3]
18. (a) (ii) An enlargement, centre (1, 2), scale factor -0.5,
maps triangle A onto triangle C.
Draw triangle C. [2]

Triangle A has vertices (1, 2), (1,5) and (3,3).

(i) An enlargement, centre (1. 2), scalc factor 1.5,
maps triangle A onto triangle B.
Draw triangle B. [2]
(iii) Find the ratio area of triangle
C : area of triangle B. [1] 19.

(a) Triangle 4 has vertices (3, 1), (5, 1) and (5,4).

The transformation 5, is represented by
 2 0
the matrix   .
0 1 
S1 maps triangle A onto triangle B.
(i) Draw and label triangle B. [2]
(ii) What type of transformation is S1. (iii) The transformation 𝑆2 is represented
1 0 
matrix   .
0 1 
Find the matrix that represents the combined
transformation S2, S1. [2]
(iv) The combined transformation S2 ,S1 maps 20.
triangle A onto triangle C.
Find the matrix which represents the
transformation that maps triangle
C onto triangle A. [2]

(i) Describe fully the single transformation

that maps triangle A onto triangle B. [2]
(ii) Triangle B is mapped onto triangle C by a (iii) Triangle A is mapped onto triangle D by a
  2 reflection in the line y = x.
translation, vector   . Draw and label triangle D. [2]
 3
Draw and label triangle C. [2]
(iv) Triangle E is geometrically similar to (b)
triangle A and its longest side is 12 cm.
Calculate the area of triangle E. [2]

State the number of lines of symmetry of

the octagon above. [1]

(c) The cross-section of a prism is an equilateral

triangle. [1]
State the number of planes of symmetry of the prism.
(d) Name two special quadrilaterals that have 21.
exactly 2 lines of symmetry and also rotational
symmetry of order 2. [2]

The diagram shows triangle 𝐴 and octagon 𝐵.

(a) find the gradient of the line of symmetry of
triangle 𝐴. [1]
(b) Triangle 𝐴 is mapped onto triangle 𝐶 by a (c) Write down the equation of the of symmetry
reflection in the line 𝑦 = 𝑥. Of octagon 𝐵 that is parallel to the 𝑦-axis. [1]
Draw and label triangle 𝐶. [2]

(d) State the order of rotational symmetry

of octagon 𝐵. [1]
(e) Octagon 𝐵 is mapped onto octagon 𝐷 by an (f) A mat is made from six identical octagons,
enlargement , scale factor 2 and centre (−3, −3). Each similar to octagon 𝐵, and two squares,
Draw and label octagon 𝐷. [2] as shown in the sketch below.

The lengths of the short sides of the octagons are

each 15 cm.
(i) Calculate the area of one of these octagons. [2]
(ii) Find the length of a diagonal of one of the 22.
squares. [1]

(b) (i) Flag A is mapped onto flag 𝑇 by the

(iii) Calculate the total area of the mat. [2] translation (−3
−6
).
Draw, and label, flag 𝑇. [1]
(ii) Describe fully the enlargement that will map flag (iii) Find the centre of the rotation that will
𝐴 map flag 𝐴 onto flag 𝐶. [1]
onto flag 𝐵. [2]

(iv) Rotate flag 𝐵 through 45° anticlockwise

about the origin. Label the image 𝑅. [2]
23. (ii) Triangle 𝐴 is mapped onto triangle 𝐵 by a
reflection 𝑄.
Write down the equation of the line of this reflection.
[1]

The diagram shows triangle 𝐴 and triangle 𝐵.

(i) Triangle 𝐴 is mapped onto triangle 𝐶 by the
3
translations 𝑃 with vector (−1 ).
Draw and label triangle 𝐶. [2]

(iii) Triangle 𝐶 is mapped onto triangle 𝐷 by

reflection 𝑄.
Describe fully the single transformation that maps
triangle 𝐵 m triangle 𝐷.
Transformation R is a reflection in the line 𝑦 = 0.
𝑅𝑄(𝐴) = 𝐸.
(a) Find the coordinates of the vertices of triangle 𝐸.
(b) Describe fully the single transformation that maps
triangle A onto triangle 24.

(i) The transformation 𝑇 maps triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 onto

triangle 𝐴’𝐵’𝐶’.
(a) Describe filly the transformation 𝑇. [2]

(c) Find the matrix which represents the

transformation that maps triangle 𝐴 onto triangle 𝐸.
[1]
(b) The matrix M represents the transformation T. (ii) Triangle 𝐴’𝐵’𝐶’ is mapped onto triangle 𝐴’𝐵’𝐶’ by
Find the matrix M. [2] a reflection in the 𝑦-axis.
Draw and label triangle 𝐴”𝐵”𝐶”. [1]

(iii) Triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 is mapped onto triangle 𝐴”𝐵”𝐶” by

an anticlockwise rotation about the origin. State the
angle of rotation. [1]
25.
(b) Triangle 𝐴 is mapped onto triangle 𝐵 by the
translation T.
Write down the column vector that represents T. [1]

Triangles 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶 and 𝐷 are drawn on a centimetre (c) Describe fully the single transformation that maps
square grid. triangle 𝐵 onto triangle 𝐶. [2]
(a) The perimeter of triangle 𝐴 is where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are
integers.
Find 𝑎 and 𝑏. [2]
(d) Describe fully the single transformation that maps
triangle 𝐵 onto triangle 𝐷. [3]
(e) Write down the matrix that represents the (ii) Describe fully the single transformation X. [2]
transformation
which maps triangle 𝐷 onto triangle 𝐴. [1]

The transformation V is a reflection in the

line 𝑦 = 0.
The transformation W is a rotation 900 clockwise
about (0, 0). The single transformation X is
equivalent to the transformation V followed by the
transformation W.
(i) The point (𝑔, ℎ) is mapped onto the point 𝑃 by the
transformation X. Find the coordinates of 𝑃. [1]
 (b) Triangle 𝐴 is mapped onto triangle 𝐶 by an
26. enlargement scale factor −2, centre (−1, 2).
Triangle 𝐴 is shown on the grid.
(a) Triangle 𝐴 is mapped onto triangle 𝐵 by a Draw and label triangle 𝐶 on the grid. [2]
7
translation of (−5 ).
Draw and label triangle 𝐵 on the grid. [2]
27. (ii) Describe fully the single transformation 𝑃. [2]

Triangle 𝐴 is drawn on the grid.

(a) Transformation P is represented by the matrix
(−2
0
0
−2
).
P maps triangle 𝐴 onto triangle 𝐵.
(i) Draw and label triangle 𝐵. [2]
(iii) Write down the ratio (c) Transformation Y is represented by the matrix
area of triangle 𝐴 ∶ area of triangle 𝐵. [1] (10 03).
(5) Transformation Q is represented by the matrix Y maps triangle 𝐴 onto triangle 𝐷.
(10 −10
) Find the matrix that represents the transformation
Q maps triangle 𝐵 onto triangle 𝐶. that maps triangle 𝐷 onto triangle 𝐴. [2]
Draw and label triangle 𝐶.
 Answer

Paper – 01
1. (a) 90𝑜 (b) 𝑃(−1, 2) 16. (a) Refer to graph (b) 90𝑜 (c) (10 −1
0
)
2. (a) (i) 4 (ii) 90𝑜 , (−1, 1) (b) refer to graph 𝑜
17. (a) (i) 270 (ii) (2, 0) (b) (i) 2 (ii) −1
1 2
3. (a) 4 (b) 𝑦 = 0, −1 18. (a) Translation vector = (−4 ) (b) Refer to graph
2 0 −2 0 40 4 0 −4 0 2𝑛 0
4. (a) (0 1 0 −1) (b) (0 1) (c) (0 1 0 −1) (d) 𝑆 ′ (𝐴) (e) ( 0 1) 19. (a) (11, 3) (b) (11, 6) (c) 27 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠 2
4
5. (a) (−3 ) 20. (a) 𝑥 (b) (ii) (01 −1 0
)
6. (a) and (b) (i) Refer to diagram, (b) (ii) (1, 2) 21. (a) & (b) Shown
7. (a) Stretch, factor 2, 𝑦-axis being the invariant line. (b) (i) 22. (a) (32) (b) (−1 0
0 1
)
8 23. (a) Reflection −1 (b) (0,6), (−1,5), (−2,5) (c) 4
(0) (ii) 9 𝑜𝑟 4
8. (a) (0, −1) (b) −𝑥 (c) (i) 0 (ii) −2 (d) Refer to 24. (a) Correct triangle C (b) Correct triangle D (c) (10 03)
diagram next page. 25. (a) (20 21 83)
12
9. (a) −2 (b) (−1) 1

𝑜 (b) (i) (02 01) (ii) (10 21)

10. (a) (6, 2) reflection of P (b) (i) (−2, 0) (ii) 90 (c)
see figure next page. (d) (−1, 0), − 2
1 26. (a) −2, (0, 2) (b) (3,1), (4,1), (7,3)
27. Shown
11. (a) (i) (20 02) (b) (ii) 0 28. Shown
12. (a) Refer to Graph (b) 90𝑜 (c) −4 29. (a) 𝑦 = −𝑥
0 1
13. (b) −𝑥 (c) (−1 0
) (b) Shown
14. (c) 1 30. (a) 2 (b) Refer to graph
5
15. (a) (i) (−8
2
) (ii) 3 (b) (i) – 𝑥 (ii) (−1, 1) (c) (−1 )

Paper - 02

1
1. (c) (i) (6, 3) (ii) (73) , 1 2 units2 15. (a) 𝑥 = 5, 𝑦 = 4 (b) (i) (a) (𝑎, 𝑐) (b) (𝑏, 𝑑) (ii)
3
2. (a) 8.4 cm2 (b) 2 (c) (i) 10.8 cm (ii) 37.8 𝑐𝑚2 (iii) 25.2 (1 −3) (iii) It is a reflection along 𝑥-axis.
3 −2
cm2 16. (i) Refer to graph (ii) (2, 1), (6,1) and (4, 4) Refer to
3. (e) 0 graph ∆𝐺
17. (i) & (ii) Refer to graph (iii) (0, 3)
4. (a) (−6 ) (b) (−2 0 ) (c) (i) 270𝑜 (ii) (1, 4) (d) (i)
2 0 −2 18. (i) & (ii) Refer to graph (iii) 1: 9
1 1
(4, 10), (8,1) and (8, 4) (ii) 2 (iii) ( 2 0) 19. (i) (10, 4) (ii) (
2 0)
(iii) ( 2
0)
0 1 2 1 −1 1
1
5. (c) (i) 90𝑜 (ii) (1,4) (e) −1 (f) − , (2,1) 20. (i) (1,1) (ii), (iii) Refer to graph (iv) 24 𝑐𝑚2
2
6. (c) (i) 40𝑜 (ii) 100𝑜 (iii) 120𝑜 21. (a) −1 (b) Correct triangle (c) −2.5 (d) 4 (e) correct
0 −1) octagon (f) (i) 1575 (ii) 30 (iii) 10350
7. (a) (i) – 𝑥 (ii) ( (b) (i) (−1, 3) (ii) (2, −1) (iii) 22. (iii) (5,2)
−1 0
90𝑜 (iv) (
1 0)
(c) (i) 1: 9 (ii) 27 23. (a) (i) 20.9 to 21 (ii) 4.6 to 4.61 (b) (i) 3𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 −
0 −1 247(= 0) (ii) 7.70 and −10.70 (iii) 7.70 , 18.40 (iv)
−1 0
8. (a) (i) (−3 ) (ii) (0, 1) (iii) ( ) (b) (i) −2 (ii) (3, 1) 61.3 to 62(.0)
0 0 1 8 8 8
1 0) 24. (a) (i) 2 (ii) 2b (iii) (a) 5 𝑎 − 5 𝑏 (b) 1: 5 (b) (i) (a) 𝑥
9. (b) (i) ( (ii) x (iii) (a) (−3 ) (b) shown (c) 0, −3
0 −1 −3 0 1)
1 −2 0 (b) ( (ii) (−3, 6) (−3,0)(0, −2) (iii) 90
10. (a) (i) (−6 ) (ii) (−2, 1), − (iii) (−1, 0) (iv) ( ) 1 0
3 2 0 −2 25. (a) 𝑎 = 3, 𝑏 = 5 (b) (−6 ) (c) 𝑦 = 𝑥 (d) −2 (e)
2 2 3
11. (b) (i) 2units (ii) (a) (−2, 3) (b) 32 units (iii) (a) 1
(3, 1) (b) 2 units2 (−02 0
−
1) (f) (i) (−ℎ, −𝑔) (ii) 𝑦 = −𝑥
−3 9 ) 2
12. (a) (i) ( (ii) 3 (b) (i) (a) −2 (b) (1, 2) (iii) (a) 26. (i) and (ii) graph paper
−3 2𝑥
4 (b) (−13, 2) 27. (a) (i) (−4, −2), (−6, −2) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (−4, −6)
13. (a) (i) It is a rotation of 180𝑜 about the mid-point of line (ii) The transformation P is enlargement of scale factor −2 with
𝑆𝑅. (ii) 1. 𝑄′𝑃′ 2. 𝑄′𝑃′ (b) (i) (23) (ii) (0,0), (2,0) and (0,1) center of enlargement being the origin. (iii) 1: 4 (b)
0
(iii) (2,3), (4,3) and (2,4) (−4, 2), (−6, 2) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (−4, 6). (c) (10 1 )
1 3
14. (b) (i) 1 (ii) (iii) (−2,3), (−4,5), (−4,7) (iv) 90𝑜
2