Question Bank for the Complex Functions and Fourier Transforms

Unit I: Function of Complex Variables

Short Answers Questions

1. Define Limit, Continuous, Differentiability of function of a complex variable
2. Define Analytic function and Entire function
3. State and Prove Necessary condition for Cauchy-Riemann equations
4. Define Harmonic function.
5. State and prove Polar form C-R- Equations
w
6. If w = log z. Find and determine where w is non-analytic
z
7. Find whether f (z) = sin x sin y − i cos x cos y is analytic or not
8. Show that f (z) = e z is analytic everywhere in the complex plain and f (z)
9. Show that f (z) = z & f (z) = z + 2z are not analytic anywhere in the complex plain.
1 z z+2
10. Find where the function (i) w = (ii )w = (iii ) w = (iv ) w = e − v (cos u + i sinu)
z z −1 z(z + 1)
2

ceases to be analytic.
11. Find all the values of k, such that f (z) = e x (cos ky + i sinky) is analytic

Long Answers Questions

 2 2 
1. Prove that  2 + 2  Re al f (z) = 2 f (z) where w = f (z) is analytic

2 2

 x y 
 2 2 
2. If f(z) is regular function of z, prove that  2 + 2  f (z) = 4 f (z) or

2 2

 x y 
 
2 f (z) = 4 f (z)
2 2

 x (1+i2)− y 2 (1−i) , if z  0
3 3

3. Prove that the function f(z) defined by f (z) =  0 , x + y if z =0 is continuous and the

Cauchy-Riemann equations are satisfied at the origin, yet f (0) does not exists.
 xy 2( x +4iy) , if z  0
2

4. Show that f (z) =  0 ,x + y if z =0 is not analytic at z=0 although C-R equations are satisfied

at the origin
5. Show that both the real and imaginary parts of an analytic function satisfy Laplace’s
equation (are harmonic).
 6. Prove that f (z) = z n is analytic everywhere and hence find its derivative
7. Find k such that f (x , y) = x 3 + 3kxy 2 may be harmonic and find its conjugate.
x y
8. Find Analytic function whose real part is (i) (ii ) 2 using Milne-Thomson
x +y
2 2
x + y2
method
9. Show that u(x , y) = e 2 x (x cos 2 y − y sin2 y) is harmonic and find its harmonic conjugate.
10. If f (z) = u + iv is an analytic function of z and if u − v = e x (cos y − siny) find f(z) in terms
of z.
11. Show that the function f (x , y) = x 3 y − xy 3 + xy + x + y can be imaginary part of an analytic
function of z = x + iy
12. Find the analytic function whose imaginary part is u(x , y) = e x (x siny + y cos y) using
Milne-Thomson method.
13. Find the regular function whose imaginary part is log(x 2 + y 2 ) + x − 2 y .

Unit II: Complex Integration and Complex Power Series

Short Answers Questions:

1. Define Simple curve, Smooth curve and Contour
2. Evaluate  (x + y)dx + x 2 ydy along the line 𝑦 = 3𝑥 joining (0, 0) and (3, a).
c

 (2y + x )dx + (3x − y)dy along the parabola x = 2t , y = t + 3 joining (0, 3) and
2 2
3. Evaluate
(2,4).
4. State Cauchy’s Integral Theorem
5. State Cauchy’s Integral formula
ez
6. Evaluate  dz where the curve C : z − 1 = 3
C (z + 1)
2

7. Write Generalized Cauchy’s integral formula

8. Evaluate  e z dz where c : z = 1 .
c

9. State Taylor’s Theorem and Maclaurin’s Series

10. Expand e z as Taylor series about z=1.
11. State Laurent series
12. Define Singular point and zero of an analytic function
13. Define isolated singularity and give an example.
14. Define Removable singularity and give an example.
15. Define Essential singularity and give an example.
 16. Define Poles and Residues and give suitable examples.
17. State Cauchy’s Residue Theorem.
ez
18. Find the pole and residue of the function f (z ) =
(z − 1)2
1
19. Find the poles and residues of .
z −1
2

1
20. Find the poles and residues of the function f (z ) =
(z + 1)(z + 3)
21. Determine the poles of the function (i ) (ii ) cot z
z
cos z

Long Answer Question:

z =1+ i

 (x − iy )dz along the paths (i) y = x (ii ) y = x 2

2
1. Evaluate
z =0

2. Integrate f (z) = x 2 + ixy from A(1, 1) to B(2, 8) along (i) the straight line AB (ii) The
curve C: x=t & y=t3.
2+i
3. Evaluate  (2x + iy + 1)dz along the straight line joining from (1, -i) and (2, i).
1−i
(1,1)

 (3x + 4xy + ix 2 )dz along the parabola y = x 2 .

2
4. Evaluate
( )
0 ,0

5. State and Prove Cauchy’s integral theorem

z2 − z +1 1
6. Evaluate  dz where c : z = taken in anticlockwise sense.
c
z −1 2
7. Sate Cauchy’s integral formula and Generalized Cauchy’s Integral formula and Evaluate
e 2z
C (z −1)(z − 2)dz where C is the circle z = 3
ez
8. Using Cauchy’s Integral Formula evaluate  (z
c
2
+ 2 )
2
dz where ‘C’ is the circle with

z = 4.
z 3 − sin 3z
9. Evaluate  
3
dz where ‘C’ is the circle z = 2 using Cauchy’s Integral Formula.
z − 
c

 2
sin z 2 + cos z 2
10. Evaluate c (z −1)(z − 2) dz where ‘C’ is the circle z = 3 using Cauchy’s Integral
Formula.
 log z 1
11. Evaluate  (z − 1) dz where ‘C’ is the circle
c
3
z −1 =
2
using Cauchy’s Integral Formula.

12. Sate the Taylor’s theorem and Obtain the Taylor’s series expansion of e1+ z in powers of
‘(z-1)’.
z2 −1
13. Obtain the Taylor’s series to represent the function f (z ) = in the region
(z + 2)(z + 3)
z  1.
2𝑧 3 +1
14. Obtain the Taylor’s series expansion 𝑓(𝑧) = about z = i
𝑧 2 +𝑧
 
15. Expand f (z ) = sin(z ) in Taylor’s series about the point (i ) z = & (ii ) z = .
4 2
1
16. State Laurent’s series and Expand f (z ) = in the region (i )0  z − 1  1
z − 3z + 2
2

(ii )1  z  2
z 2 − 6z − 1
17. Find the Laurent Series expansion for f (z ) = in the region
(z − 1)(z − 3)(z + 2)
3  z + 2  5.
7z − 2
18. Expand f (z ) = about the point z = −1in the region 1  z + 1  3 .
(z + 1)z(z − 2)

Unit III: Contour Integration

Short Answers Questions:

1. State and Prove Residue theorem
2. Write the formula for residue at simple pole
3. Write the formula for residue at pole of order ‘m’.
1
4. Find the poles and residues of 2 .
z −1
ze z
5. Find the poles and residues at each pole of f (z ) =
(z −1)3
1 + ez
6. Find the residue at z=0 of the function f (z ) = .
sinz + z cos z
z 2 − 2z
7. Find the residue of the function f (z ) =
(z + 1)2 (z 2 + 1)
at each pole.

z +1
8. Find the poles and residues of the function f (z ) =
z (z − 2 )
2

9. Find the poles and residues at each pole of tanhz .

 10. Define the terms (i) Conformal mapping (ii) Critical point (iii) Fixed points.
11. Define bilinear transformation.
12. Find the invariant points of the transformations
2𝑖−6𝑧 6𝑧−9 𝑧−1 2𝑧−5
a) 𝑤 = b) 𝑤 = c) 𝑤 = 𝑧+1 d) 𝑤 =
𝑖𝑧−3 𝑧 𝑧+4
13. Write the cross ratio of four points 𝑧1 , 𝑧2 , 𝑧3 , 𝑧4
1
14. Find and plot the image of the region (i) 𝑥 > 1 (ii) 0  y  ..
2
15. Find the image of z = 2 under the transformation w=3z.
16. Find the bilinear mapping whose fixed points are 1,i and maps 0 to -1.

Long Answer Questions:

4 − 3z 3
1. Evaluate  z(z − 1)(z − 2)dz
C
where ‘c’ is the circle z =
2
using residue theorem.

12 z − 7
2. Evaluate  (2 z + 3)( z − 1)
C
2
dz where C is z = 2 using residue theorem.

(2𝑧+1)2
3. Evaluate ∫𝐶 𝑑𝑧 where C is |𝑧| = 1 using residue theorem.
4𝑧 3 +𝑧
𝑒𝑧
4. Evaluate∫𝐶 (𝑧 2+𝜋2)2 𝑑𝑧 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐶 𝑖𝑠 |𝑧| = 4. using residue theorem
2𝜋 1 2𝜋
5. Prove that ∫0 𝑎+𝑏𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑑𝜃 = √𝑎2 2 ,a>0,b>0 using residue theorem
−𝑏
2𝜋 cos 2𝜃
6. Evaluate ∫0 using Residue theorem.
5+4 cos 𝜃
2𝜋 𝑑𝜃 𝜋
7. Show that ∫0 3+2 cos 𝜃 = using Residue theorem.
√5
∞ 𝑥 2 −𝑥+2
8. Evaluate ∫−∞ (𝑥 4+10𝑥2+9) 𝑑𝑥 using Residue theorem.
9. Find the bilinear transformation which maps the points (−1,0,1)) into the points (0, 𝑖, 3𝑖)
10. Find the bilinear transformation which maps the points (−𝑖, 0, 𝑖) into the points (−1, 𝑖, 1)
11. Find the bilinear transformation which maps the points (1 − 2𝑖, 2 + 𝑖, 2 + 3𝑖) into the
points(2 + 𝑖, 1 + 3𝑖, 4).
12. Find the bilinear transformation which maps the points (0, 𝑖, ∞) into the points (∞, 𝑖, 0)
in the w-plane.

1
13. Under the transformation 𝑤 = 𝑧 find the image of the circle|𝑧 − 2𝑖| = 2.
1
14. Find and plot the images of the following regions under the transformation 𝑤 = 𝑧 .
1
(i) x>1 (ii) y>0 and (iii) infinite strip 0 < 𝑦 < 2
3−𝑧 5 1
15. Show that the transformation 𝑤 = 𝑧−2 transforms the interior of circle |𝑧 − 2| = 2 in the z
plane in to the right half of the w-plane
 Unit IV: Fourier Series

Short Answers Questions:

1. Define Fourier series.
2. Write the Euler’s formulae for obtaining the Fourier series.
3. Write the Fourier series at point of discontinuity
4. Write the Dirichlet’s conditions for the existence of Fourier series of a function f(x) in the
interval ( ,  + 2 ) .
5. Write the half-range Fourier sine and cosine series of f(x) in (𝑐, 𝑐 + 2𝜋)
6. Find the Euler’s coefficient 𝑎0 𝑖𝑛 Fourier series of f ( x ) = x, 0  x  2 .
7. Expand f(x) = cosx, 0 <x< in half range sine series
8. Find the Euler’s coefficient 𝑎0 and 𝑎𝑛 in the Fourier series of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3
in −𝜋 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋
9. Express 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 as a half-range cosine series in the interval 0 < 𝑥 < 2
10. Find the Euler’s coefficient an in the Fourier series of 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 in 0 < x < 3
11. Find the value of bn in sine series of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 sin 𝑥 in 0 < x <.
12. Find the value of 𝑎0 in the Fourier series expansion of 𝑓(𝑥) = |sin 𝑥| in -𝜋< x <
– 𝑘 𝑓𝑜𝑟 −  < 𝑥 < 0
13. Find the Fourier series to represent the function f(x)= {
𝑘 𝑓𝑜𝑟 0 < 𝑥 < 
14. Find the Fourier series of 𝑓(𝑥) = |𝑥| 𝑖𝑛 − 𝜋 < 𝑥 < 𝜋
15. Find the Fourier series of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 in -2<x<2
16. Find the value of a1 in half range cosine series of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 𝑠in 𝑥 in (0, 𝜋)
17. Find the Fourier series to represent 1 − 𝑥 2 in −1 < 𝑥 < 1.
18. Find the half range sine series of 𝑓(𝑥 ) = 𝑥(2 − 𝑥) in [0,2]
19. Expand 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 − 2 as a Fourier series in the interval (-3,3).
20. Find the Fourier series of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥|𝑥| in -2<x<2

Long Answer Questions:

1. Find the Fourier series expansion of 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝜋 − 𝑥)2 𝑖𝑛 0 < 𝑥 < 2𝜋
1 1 1 1 𝜋2
Hence deduce that (𝑖) + 22 + 32 + 42 + − − − − −=
12 6
1 1 1 1 𝜋2
(𝑖𝑖) + 22 + 32 + 42 + − − − − −= 12
12
2. Find a Fourier series expansion of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 sin 𝑥 in 0< x <2
1
3. Expand 𝑓(𝑥) = 2 (𝜋 − 𝑥) as a Fourier series in 0< x <2
1 1 1 1 𝜋2
Hence show that12 − 22 + 32 − 42 + ⋯ = 12.
4. Given that f ( x ) = x + x 2 for −   x   find the Fourier expansion of f (x).
2 1 1 1
Deduce that = 1+ + + + ......
6 22 32 42
5. If 𝑓(𝑥) = cosh 𝑎𝑥 , expand f(x) as a Fourier series in (− 𝜋, 𝜋 ).
 6. Find the Fourier series expansion of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑖𝑛 − 𝜋 < 𝑥 < 𝜋
7. Find a Fourier series expansion of 𝑓(𝑥) = |sin 𝑥| in -𝜋< x <
8. Find a Fourier series expansion of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 sin 𝑥 in – 𝜋 < 𝑥 < 𝜋
1 1 1 𝜋−2
Hence deduce that 1.3 − 3.5 + 5.7 − − − − − −= 4
9. Find the Fourier series expansion of 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑖𝑛 0 < 𝑥 < 3.
1 1 1 1 𝜋2
Hence deduce that + 22 + 32 + 42 + − − − − −=
12 6
10. Expand 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 𝑎𝑠 𝑎 𝐹𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑟 𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑛 0 < 𝑥 < 4
1 1 1 1 𝜋2
Hence deduce that + 22 + 32 + 42 + − − − − −=
12 6
11. Expand 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 as a Fourier series in (–1, 1).
12. Expand 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒 −𝑥 as a Fourier series in the interval (-1, 1).
−𝜋 𝑓𝑜𝑟 − 𝜋 < 𝑥 < 0
13. Find the Fourier series of 𝑓(𝑥) = {
𝑥 𝑓𝑜𝑟 0 < 𝑥 < 𝜋
1 1 1 𝜋2
Hence deduce that 12 + 32 + 52 + − − − − −= 8

𝜋𝑥 𝑓𝑜𝑟 0 < 𝑥 < 1

14. Find the Fourier series of 𝑓(𝑥) = {
0 𝑓𝑜𝑟 1 < 𝑥 < 2
x
15. Obtain a half range cosine series for f ( x) = ( − x) in 0  x  
8
16. Obtain a half range cosine series for 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥(2 − 𝑥) in 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2

Unit IV: Fourier Transforms

Short Answers Questions:

1. State the Fourier integral theorem
2. State Fourier sine and cosine integral formulae

  sin  x
3. Find the Fourier sine integral of e − ax
. Hence show that e − ax
= d
2 0
( 2 + b 2 )
4. Write Fourier transform of f(x) and inverse Fourier transform
5. Write Fourier sine transform of f(x) and inverse Fourier transform
6. Write Fourier cosine transform of f(x) and inverse Fourier transform
7. If 𝐹{𝑓(𝑥)} = 𝐹(𝑠) then prove that 𝐹{𝑓(𝑥 − 𝑎)} = 𝑒 𝑖𝑎𝑠 𝐹(𝑠)
𝑥 1 𝑠
8. If 𝐹{𝑓(𝑥)} = 𝐹(𝑠) then prove that 𝐹 {𝑓( )} = 𝐹( ) 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
1
9. If 𝐹{𝑓(𝑥)} = 𝐹(𝑠) then prove that 𝐹{𝑓(𝑥)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑎𝑥} = 2 [𝐹(𝑠 + 𝑎) + 𝐹(𝑠 − 𝑎)]
x2
−
10. Show that the function e 2
is self reciprocal in respect to Fourier transform
2 𝑠2 2
−
11. Given 𝐹{𝑒 −𝑥 } = √𝜋 𝑒 find the Fourier transform of 𝑒 −(𝑥−3)
4

12. Find the Fourier cosine transform of 2e−3x + 3e−2 x .

13. Find the Fourier sine transform of 𝑒 −𝑎𝑥 , 𝑎 > 0
 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑖𝑓 0 < 𝑥 < 𝑎
14. Find the Fourier cosine transform of 𝑓(𝑥) = {
0 𝑖𝑓 𝑥 > 𝑎
𝑥 ,0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 1
15. Find the Sine transform of f(x) where. 𝑓(𝑥) = {2 − 𝑥 , 1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2
0 ,𝑥 > 2
𝑒 𝑖𝑘𝑥 , 𝑎 < 𝑥 < 𝑏
16. Find the Fourier transform of f(x) defined by f(x) = { .
0 , 𝑥 < 𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 > 𝑏
17. Find f(x) if its Fourier sine transform is 𝑒 −𝑎𝑠
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑠
18. Find the inverse Fourier cosine transform of 𝑠
19. Find the finite Fourier sine transform of f(x)=x, 0<x<4
1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑛𝜋
20. If finite Fourier sine transform of f(x) is 𝑛2𝜋2 , 0 < 𝑥 < 𝜋 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑓(𝑥)

Long Answer Questions:

 0, x  0
1
1. (a) Find the Fourier integral representation of the function F ( x ) =  , x = 0
 2− x
e , x  0

1 𝑓𝑜𝑟 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 𝜋
(b) Express 𝑓(𝑥) = { as a Fourier integral and
0 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 > 𝜋
∞ 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜆𝜋
Hence evaluate ∫0 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜆𝑥 𝑑𝜆
𝜆

1 , ⎸𝑥⎸ < 1
2. Find the Fourier integral representation of 𝑓(𝑥) = {
0 , ⎸𝑥⎸ > 1
∞ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜆 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜆𝑥 ∞ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜆
Hence evaluate (i) ∫0 𝑑𝜆 (ii) ∫0 𝑑𝜆
𝜆 𝜆

3. Using Fourier integral theorem show that

(b2 − a 2 )  sin  x
e− ax − e− bx = 2
  ( 2
+ a 2 )( 2 + b2 )
d ,a>0,b>0

1 − 𝑥 2 , 𝑖𝑓 ⎸𝑥⎸ ≤ 1
4. Find the Fourier integral representation of 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = {
0 , 𝑖𝑓 ⎸𝑥⎸ > 1
 1, x  a
5. Find the Fourier transform of f ( x) = 
0, x  a

∞ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑠.𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑥 ∞ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑠 ∞ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥

Hence evaluate (𝑖) ∫−∞ 𝑑𝑠 (𝑖𝑖) ∫−∞ 𝑑𝑠 and (𝑖𝑖𝑖) ∫0 𝑑𝑥
𝑠 𝑠 𝑥

1 − 𝑥 2 , |𝑥| ≤ 1
6. Find the Fourier transform of f(x) defined by 𝑓 (𝑥 ) = {
0 , |𝑥| > 1
 ∞ 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑥 ∞ 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
Hence evaluate (i) ∫0 cos (2) 𝑑𝑥 (ii) ∫0 𝑑𝑥
𝑥3 𝑥3

𝑥2
−𝑎2 𝑥 2 −
7. Find the Fourier Transform of 𝑒 , 𝑎 < 0. Hence show that 𝑒 is self reciprocal in 2

−2(𝑥−3)2
respect to Fourier transform and find the Fourier transform of 𝑒
8. Find the Fourier sine and cosine transform of 𝑒 −𝑎𝑥 , 𝑎 > 0. Hence evaluate
∞ 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑘𝑥 ∞ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜆𝑥 𝜋
(i) ∫0 𝑑𝑥 (ii) ∫0 𝑑𝑥 = 2 𝑒 −𝑎𝑘
𝑎2 +𝑥 2 𝑎2 +𝑥 2
𝑒 −𝑎𝑥
9. Find the Fourier sine and cosine transforms of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥
∞ 𝑒 −𝑎𝑥 −𝑒 −𝑏𝑥 −1 𝑠 𝑠
and deduce that ∫0 sin 𝑠𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = tan ( 𝑎) − tan−1 ( 𝑏)
𝑥
1
10. Find the Fourier cosine transform of f(x) = 1+𝑥 2 . Hence find the Fourier transform of
𝑥
1+𝑥 2
2
11. Find the Fourier cosine transform of 𝑒 −𝑥 and hence find the Fourier sine transform of
2
𝑥𝑒 −𝑥
1
12. Find the Fourier sine transform of .
x ( a2 + x2 )