Facilities Description Contribute to the students’

learning
Office of the Principal The office has a clean Yes, because it is a place where
environment and all the stuffs disciplinary action is carried out
are well-organized. It has great and it also works as a gateway
natural light and when you look to monitor and enhance the
outside the window, you can learning process of each
see the school’s garden. It is students.
also full of learning resources to
share with students and staffs.
Library The books are organized Yes, because it provides access
according to a classification.   to reading materials where
Students have access to tables students can find and analyze
and seats, and the space is well- information, necessary for
ventilated. It is clean, quiet, and learning.
ideal for learning.
Counseling Room The room is clean, warm, has Yes, since it is where students
friendly-environment and there receive the required assistance
is privacy for students who and advice, particularly those
need counseling. who have a problem that has to
be resolved.
Canteen/Cafeteria The canteen is located in a clean Yes, because it is a place where
and well-ventilated area, but it nutritious foods are sold, which
requires further improvement is important for students in
to meet all of the students' order for them to study well. It
needs. is also a place where students
can relax after a long hour of
studying.
Medical Clinic The clinic is well-organized, with Yes, because if a school
two rooms and two restrooms, provides a clinic where sick
as well as enough medicines students may be
and first-aid supplies in case of accommodated and given
emergency. medication to help them
improve their health, it will be
faster for them to head back to
school and do well in their
studies.
Audio Visual/Learning Resource It is located next to the library, Yes, because the audio-visual
Center which is well-organized, technique captures student’s
equipped, and has air attention, leading to a more
conditioner, making it more effective learning experience.
comfortable and easier for
students to understand their
lesson or the teacher's
presentation.
Science Laboratory It is quite small yet convenient Yes, It enables students to
for conducting experiments. utilize the correct equipment
 and conduct lab activities,
allowing them to learn more.
Gymnasium The gym is wide, clean, and Yes, because this facility
spacious enough to facilitate supports students’
outside activities. It also has all development by exposing them
of the equipment needed. to a range of activities aimed at
boosting their fitness as well as
helping them build social
relationship among their
classmates.
Auditorium It is air-conditioned, has a white Yes, because it is a place where
projector screen, a projector, they can engage in different
and spacious enough to hold activities that will develop the
significant events or meetings concept of belonging to a group
for students and school other than their own.
personnel.
Outdoor/Garden The garden is clean and well- Gardens can reconnect children
kept, there are many flowers with nature as the real source
and plants however proper care of their food while also teaching
is required to make it more them essential gardening ideas
appealing. and skills.
Home Economics Room The room is quite small but it Yes, since this facility teaches
has a lot of equipment that are students basic household
needed in performing various chores, proper food preparation
activities. procedures, and allow them to
learn basic cooking skills.
Industrial Workshop Area As of now, they do not have an
Industrial Workshop Area.
PTA Office The room is clean, has proper Yes, since this facility acts as a
ventilation, organized and bridge to develop partnerships
spacious enough to hold between parents and educators
meetings. who work to improve student’s
learning and enrich the lives of
kids at the school.
Comfort room for Boys The boys' comfort room is quite If the comfort room is clean and
spacious, having sink and smells pleasant, especially if it is
faucets, but oftentimes has an next to the classroom, the
unpleasant smell that may be students will be more
controlled if proper care is comfortable and will not be
taken. distracted during class.
Comfort room for Girls It is clean and provides students Same as my answer to the top,
with privacy and also has having said that a pleasant
a mirror where students may surrounding will help students
groom themselves. study well.
Name of the School Observed: St. Mary’s College of Marinduque

School Address: Isok 1, Boac, Marinduque

Date of Visit: October 08, 2021

St. Mary’s College of Marinduque is situated near certain houses that serves  as its
neighbors. It is located beside a highway, with convenience stores nearby and food eateries just
a few steps away from the school. The neighborhood is clean and filled with trees, which
contributes to the peacefulness of the atmosphere. The breeze of fresh air and its peaceful
environment fascinates to one’s wandering mind.
As you enter the campus, your attention will be drawn to the vibrant colors painted on
the walls near the guardhouse on the left side. There is also a beautiful playground with slides,
swings, climbers, and a seesaw. The school is made up of three buildings, each of which has two
storeys and has classrooms, offices, and facilities. The elementary school is known as the
Mother Ignacia building, the senior high school is known as the St. Joseph building, and for the
college level is the Assumption building, located beside the cashier's office. The statue of
Venerable Mother Ignacia del Espiritu Santo, the founder of RVM, which is placed in the Mother
Ignacian building, will draw your attention. Aside from it, I’ve noticed that the school facilities
are properly maintained. Despite the fact that some buildings are old, they were still functional
and well-maintained by the school's staffs. The campus is also suitably large, particularly the
field where students perform some of their school activities which they called gymnasium. The
light colors like white, blue, and other earthly colors suit students' eyes like mine. I must
emphasize that the buildings were attractively built, and the classrooms were precisely
organized according to year level.
Offices are easy to locate by the students. The facilities are also well-equipped to
entertain instructors, students, and parents. All of the offices were clean and structurally
ordered, including the Principal's Office, which has a pleasant setting and is located in the
Mother Ignacia building. I also noticed that the offices are accommodating, spacious, and suited
for both school members (teachers and students) and guests.
As passing by the school halls, it’s quite unusual compared to how it used to be.  The
hallways are quiet and empty, but I've seen some changes, particularly in the passage leading up
to the high school building. Aside from that, I'm impressed with how clean and well-kept the
boys' and girls' restrooms are. The library is also clean, with books neatly arranged on the
cabinet rack. After I inspect the library, I head to their canteen, which is also well-maintained by
the school’s maintenance staffs. I must emphasize that the school provides an excellent learning
environment as well as attractive classrooms that are conducive to learning.

Classroom Facilities Description (location, number, arrangement,

condition)
Wall Displays There is only few visual aids displayed on the
walls in some rooms. The information and
displays are not new, but they are still pleasing to
the eyes and are evenly distributed around the
four walls of the classroom. Some of the displays
 were teary off, but they were still appealing.
Teacher’s Table Tables are located at the back of the classroom
while others are placed in front. There are old
and new tables, and teacher's belongings are
neatly organized.
Learner’s Desks Students are taking lessons online, so the
learner's desks are not properly arranged
nevertheless, there are no desks that do not
function or are in poor condition. 
Blackboard Each classroom has one large blackboard
attached to the wall facing the students. They are
maintained clean, have a smooth surface, and are
built of high-quality materials. 
Learning Materials/Visual Aids The most common learning materials used in
each rooms are chalk and blackboard. Others
visual aids are attractively designed, but some
learning tools are dusty.
Flat Screen TV It is attached to the upper middle part of the
blackboard. Most of the rooms have flat-screen
televisions that are still operational.
Lightings Each room has two large fluorescent bulbs
attached to the ceiling, which provide lighting.
Ceiling Fan There are enough ceiling fans attached on the
wall to make each room well-ventilated

Name of the School Observed: St. Mary’s College of Marinduque

Location of the School: Isok1, Boac, Marinduque

Date of Visit: October 08, 2021

It was October 08, 2021 when we had our school actual observation. This is connected with our
course, which will prepare us to be mindful when we are exposed to the field of off-campus internship.
Our instructor, Ma'am Elena P. Dasco, who is also the school principal, gives us an outline of what we
will be doing. 

As I am roaming around the school together with my classmates, I observed everything that the
school has. The peacefulness of the surroundings captivated my attention, as the breeze swayed the
trees. The walls are painted blue and white, making it appear peaceful and pleasant. The classrooms are
spacious, painted and built of concrete. The classrooms are also well-ventilated, with ceiling fans and
windows allowing fresh air to circulate freely. Some of the learning resources are also maintained there.
A flat-screen television is also supplied in each classroom. The classroom is quite pleasant to study in,
and the materials they offer are a big help to motivate the students in the learning process. The room's
environment and ambiance is appealing, too. It is well-lighted because each room has fluorescent light
bulbs. There are complete facilities to support students' development. The offices and rooms are kept
clean. The teachers are also approachable and will greet you with a beaming smile.

My Analysis

 I conclude that the condition of each building and the school environment can have a significant
impact on students' learning progress. Students will be unable to concentrate in class if their
school environment is not conducive to their learning adaptability. As a result, when educating
students, we must consider the best environment for them. A well-coordinated classroom
arrangement with all of the necessary facilities and other resources to support learning
situations should be given importance because it may affect the children's learning ability. It will
enhance or increase the children's interest in learning and make going to school much more
comfortable for them.

 It relates to my knowledge of child and adolescent development in such a way that it has made
me extra aware of the uniqueness and differences of each learner that we must take into
account as future teachers. I constantly have to remember that children do not all learn at the
same pace. In order to facilitate learning, I must first understand each child's behavior and
personality, then determine which methods will work best for them. Aside from that, a child
need a favorable learning environment because their minds and bodies are still developing and
require proper care so I should be able to provide them with learning tools or resources, as well
as a safe, suitable atmosphere to assist them throughout the teaching-learning process. As a
future teacher, these examples will teach me that there are several reasons that may influence a
student's decision to go or not attend school. And by being aware of such things, I am able to
effectively facilitate my students.

My Reflections/Insights

1. Yes, because the school has a unique environment that allows students to grow their faith as
well as their excellence in academic. The school has a chapel, statues and other sacramental
reminders of Catholic life that will inspire students to study well. The buildings and facilities are
also equipped with essential learning materials and are located near numerous trees, which
creates good ventilation and a healthier atmosphere. It is also my advantage to work at the
school because, aside from studying there, I know the people who work there, and I believe we
can work well together in designing and planning the school and students' welfare.

2. The school campus must be clean, presentable, has complete and well-organized facilities in
order to be conducive for learning. There must also be no pollution that may help students learn
without being distracted by their surroundings. A school with a positive social, intellectual, and
emotional atmosphere. It should has an ideal environment for students to be motivated to
learn.

3. A classroom that is conducive to learning must have a clean, safe environment, free
from pollution and equipped with all necessary amenities.  It should be spacious for activities to
allow students to move around freely. Facilities include comfortable seats, working electric fans
 for the convenience of students, and all other resources that will greatly support towards the
students' learning process, including an experienced teacher by profession.

4. To accomplish my answer with the previous question, I must be careful when organizing stuff
and classroom materials.  I will implement routines to organize the classroom and create
an environment conducive to learning. I will also involve the parents in the classroom
beautification. Students should be at the center of the teaching-learning process, thus creativity,
resourcefulness, and classroom management should be used.

5. The environment of the school as well as the classroom plays an essential role in encouraging
students to learn. I concluded that every students need a learning environment that would
assist them in processing their knowledge and skills. Every student reacts differently to their
surroundings, which is why teachers must be flexible in order to recognize this. Someday, as a
teacher, I must use what I've learned about building a classroom conducive to learning so that
students will be motivated and interested in studying.

1. C
2. D
3. A

My Personal Illustration of an Effective School Environment

An effective school environment is one that enable students to attain high standards
that they can use in the future. An atmosphere that promotes values which will help
them in becoming a good and responsible citizen. A school plays an important part in every
student's life. Schools have a responsibility to provide a safe environment for them to
develop academically, emotionally, and affectively. No wonder, every student is careful
when selecting a school to attend because they want a school that will provide them with
the quality education which they seek for.
A school that has an effective learning environment would be one that is engaging and
safe, with no risk of harm to students. It should have a clean surroundings so that students
can feel comfortable and be able to focus on their classes. Facilities like library, audio visual
room, clinic, gymnasium, and other resources should also be available and ready to provide
service anytime it is needed. Students feel better about themselves when they are on a
school that has pleasant surroundings, fresh air, a moderate temperature, and is free of
noise disturbances. Students respond positively to well-built and beautiful buildings, as well
as complete school facilities. The classroom should also be well-organized, attractive, and
well-ventilated, with enough of learning resources available for students. A classroom that
has many charts, posters, sayings, and inspirational quotes as motivation and additional
information to children is one that is conducive to learning. Therefore, teachers must make
an effort to redesign their classrooms to make it more beneficial to learners.
 When students believe that the respected persons in their school care about them as
individuals and their learning, they become incorporated in their environment. It must be a
friendly environment where teachers and students of all backgrounds can focus solely on
learning. These characteristics must be present in a school to make it effective for learning.
Professional leadership is also necessary since students are continually dependent on what
the teacher instructs. Focus on teaching and learning is another something that should be
considered.

Episode 2

Developmental Preschooler Elementary High school

Domain (14-15 years old)
Physical

Gross Motor skills They gain maturity

and learn to carry
themselves with
control and appear to
be more conscious of
their physical
appearance. It’s
natural for them to
be clumsy yet
graceful, sometimes.

Fine Motor skills They are also more

interested in
participating in
outdoor activities,
particularly team or
group activities. Their
drawing and writing
abilities improved as
well.

Self-help skills Cooperative and

helpful to others
Social They obey their
Interaction with teacher's orders and
Teachers respect them,
although not as much
 as those elementary
students. They
communicate
respectfully with
their teachers.

Interaction with They begin to form a

classmates/friends social circle and love
spending time with
their classmates. In
addition, they begin
their own discussion
with their peers or
classmates, unlike
elementary kids who
are still hesitant.

Interests They are more

interested with
technology, such as
using smartphones,
playing online games,
and surfing social
networking sites.
Emotional

Moods and Mood swings occur

temperament, at their age. 
expression of feelings Although they are
now more
comfortable
discussing their
emotions with
others, they still
struggle to deal with
frustrations.
Emotional
independence When it comes to
emotional problems,
teenagers rely more
on peers than on
their parents. They
can keep their
feelings hidden and
 act as boldly as they
can.

Cognitive

Communication Skills They become skilled

in speaking the
language and how to
express their own
thoughts, but they
still need to improve
their level of
communication skills,
particularly in the use
of accurate grammar,
in order to
understand/express
their opinions/ideas.

Thinking Skills They have already

developed their
cognitive abilities and
are capable of doing
reasoning and
analysis.

Problem-solving They understand and

can process
information, which
enables them to
solve problems more
independently than
elementary students.

Level Salient Characteristics Implications to the Teaching-

Observed learning Process
High school  They are interested in  Teachers must be
creating friendships patient while dealing
with others.  They are with high school
concerned about students, as they are
themselves and how now in the teenage
they are viewed by stage, which is a critical
their peers. stage
  Observant of their  The teacher should
surroundings. utilize effective
teaching methods in
order to enhance the
students' knowledge of
their environment.
 They prefer to be on  To keep students
the high end of trends. interested, teachers
should integrate
technology into their
lessons.
 They seem to  Therefore, teachers
likely remember their must explain the
lessons if it is lesson's significance to
integrated to real-life the students' daily
scenarios. lives.

2 teach is 2 touch lives 4ever

A teacher has a significant impact on developing each student's characteristics and transforming
them into the individuals they want to be. This, I believe, is the greatest pleasure of being a teacher.
Despite the high demands of the job, it allows us to make a genuine difference in the lives of others.
Teachers are more than simply teachers in the eyes of their students; they are role models who
have the ability to make a difference and meet the needs of each student.

My Reflection/Insights

1. Yes, I do recall my own experiences when I was at their age. Like them, I was self-conscious
about how I looked, walked, dressed, and interacted with my peers. For me, academic
achievement is important that time since it’s the only way I can make my parents proud of me
which I believe differentiates myself from the other students I've observed. I study really hard,
especially before exams wherein I memorize my whole notes just to assure a perfect score on
my exams. As I improved in class, I began to enjoy talking to others, sharing my preferences, and
making new friends. I also underwent mood swings in high school, just like any other teens but
with the help of my teacher and a few close friends, I was able to control my emotionw33s well,
especially when I was frustrated.

2. Mrs. Elena P. Dasco is one of my professors that I will never forget during my college career. She
has been my instructor since first year college, and at first, I thought she was a strict teacher,
but as the years went, I understood she was just being professional in order to ensure that her
students would not take advantage of her and would respect her. Last year, I struggled to
accomplish all of her modules one at a time.  This led me to believe that she actually only
wanted to teach us how to manage our time and stay calm and focused as future teachers. She
taught us to submit our work on time, to be competent, and to be confident, especially when
 speaking English.  I also respect her for being a great teacher and earning her PhD, and I hope to
be like her someday.

3. Dealing with a varied group of students is a challenging task. Teachers must recognize that these
distinctions are factors that influence student achievement. No matter how different their needs
are, a teacher must be able to respond to them. When dealing with diverse groups of students,
teachers must change all of their strategies and approaches. The most essential part, however,
is that the teacher accepts these diversity and encourages other students to be confident in
themselves since they are unique.

1. A
2. D
3. A

My Learning Portfolio

Learning is influenced by development. As we progress through life, our human talents and
abilities get stronger and more developed. These many phases will provide us with developmental
patterns that will allow our body and brain to accomplish a certain activity. Every stage of development
affects how we learn and respond to activities. This is emphasized by Jean Piaget's Cognitive
Development Theory. Piaget's theory essentially states that we move through several phases of mental
development. This is why our learning capacity, understanding, and information acquisition change
while we are young and when we approach adulthood. Our intelligence evolves from infancy to
adulthood.

This theory emphasizes that each person has a different level of learning based on their age. As
a result, I shall be guided by the fact that every learners has their own ability of understanding and
development in terms of their physical and cognitive aspects. Understanding this theory will also help
me grasp the importance of differentiated and modified responses in terms of instruction, assessment,
and development of learning materials. Children are naturally different, particularly in terms of mental
ability. I will be able to discern their particular needs and respond to them properly using this cognitive
development theory.

Summary:

Piaget’s stages are a theory of how a child’s cognition — meaning their knowledge and understanding
about the world — develops between birth and adulthood. The core idea of Piaget’s theory is that
children develop by acting as “little scientists” who explore and interact with their world to understand
people, objects, and concepts. They do this naturally, even without the help of an adult.

Piaget’s stages

This table and the following sections outline Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development:
 Stage Age Key information

Infants start to build an understanding of the world through

The sensorimotor 0–2 their senses by touching, grasping, watching, and listening.
stage years
Infants develop object permanence (see below).

Children develop language and abstract thought.

The preoperational 2–7
stage years Children begin to use symbolic play (“playing pretend”), draw
pictures, and talk about things that happened in the past.

Children learn logical concrete (physical) rules about objects,

such as height, weight, and volume.
The concrete 7–11
operational stage years Children learn conservation, the idea that an object, such as
water or modeling clay, remains the same even when its
appearance changes.

The formal Children learn logical rules to understand abstract concepts and
11+
operational stage solve problems.

Episode 3

Name of School: St. Mary’s College of Marinduque

Observed: Grade 7

Location of the School: Isok1, Boac, Marinduque

Date of Visit:

As I observed the Grade 7 students whose age ranges from 12 to 13, I must say that they can
already handle their own behavior at some point. I also recognized their characteristics while observing
them. Some students are active and really focusing on their class. There are 20 students in the class,
including 7 boys and 13 girls. The students can already work independently, but they occasionally ask
questions if they don’t understand. Students' attention span are appropriate for their age, as is their
patience when working on their activities. On their ability to focus, I observed that they are mature
enough to follow the directions provided to them. However, there are some students who showed  that
they are still unused to taking classes online, since some were not as active in class.
1. There are specific areas in the classroom for certain purposes, such as storage of teaching aids
and textbooks. A mini shelf on the teacher's table serves as their storage for personal belongings
as well as some of their teaching materials.

2. The rules are not displayed since they are taking classes online. The teacher imposes them
verbally, with the students having to comply. The rules are the learners' full responsibility since
they are required to observe these restrictions in order to develop respect and obedience during
class.

3. Yes, there are rules and procedures in the class but the students didn’t participate in making the
classroom rules.

4. The daily routines are as follows: the class begins with a prayer, followed by checking of attendance, then setting the
mood of the students by simple commands (e.g. sit properly, turn-on the camera, mute the microphone) so that they
were prepared before the class starts. Following that, the teacher reminds them about their school activities posted
in the google classroom and then proceed with the review of their previous topic. After that, the teacher gives the
class a motivation before the class discussion begins. She always asks the students about what they know about the
topic and after sharing their thoughts, the class now begins.

5. Because students take lessons online, there is no seating arrangement.

6. While the teacher are discussing, most of the students are active and listening. They are all
attentive and do not make noise during class, which produces a pleasant flow throughout the
class discussion because both the teacher and the students can concentrate.

7. If a learner is off-task, the teacher call his/her attention by asking him/her to reread aloud the
instructions and ask him/her to keep the camera open. The teacher also often use the reverse
psychology strategy to get the students interested in difficult subjects. This can have very
positive outcomes if used correctly.

8. The teacher reinforce positive behaviors by checking on them often like asking how do they feel about the
topic, encourage them to participate by acknowledging their answers and calling them one by one to
share their experience. She allows her students to feel free sharing their thoughts. After discussion, she
always asks the students if they understand the lesson or if there is need for clarification. She also tells
them inspiring story sometimes and asks them to reflect and share.

Notes:

It is vital for a teacher to have good classroom management skills, especially during this
pandemic phase, in order to provide students with favorable learning environments even if they
take classes online. More activities should be used by teachers in order to maintain students'
attention and make the learning process enjoyable for them. It is also important for teachers to
stay in touch with their students and check in on them on a regular basis in order to keep them
motivated.
 CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT MATRIX

Aspect of Classroom Description Effect on the Learners

Management
1. Specific Areas in the The classroom areas are The effect on the learners is
Classroom well-organized. The that they will be able to
teacher's table is located easily find the things they
at the back part of the room, need, such as books and
near where various learning other resources. It
materials and textbooks are also allow students to move
stored. freely inside the classroom
and maximizes engagement
with their instructor and
classmates.
2. Classroom Rules The instructor reminds the The effect on the learners is
students of the classroom that they will be reminded of
regulations at all times. They the rules, therefore they will
are not displayed, but are not act in any way that
strictly enforced verbally. contradicts any of them.
Through these, the students
can improve their self
discipline.
3. Classroom Procedures Following the opening This will energize and
prayer, the teacher begins a stimulate the learners'
brief pre-class conversation interest in their class
by asking the students how discussion. It will also make
their day went. Then, before students feel more at ease
the discussion, the teacher and comfortable in class.
always motivates the
students with warm-up
exercises or other activities.
4. Daily Routines The teacher begins the class It encourages attentiveness
with a prayer, followed by and keeps students
checking of attendance, interested in class. It will help
then setting the mood of the keep the students focused
students by simple and engaged. They will also
commands like sit properly, impose similar habits on
turn-on the camera and themselves, which will
mute the microphone so constantly remind them to
that they were prepared act appropriate during class.
before the class starts.
Following that, the class
discussion begins, and the
 class finishes with a prayer.
5. Seating Arrangement Although this is not This will make the student
applicable during an online feel as they still need to act
class, the teacher constantly properly even when they are
reminds students to sit taking lessons online. It will
appropriately. help them become more
disciplined and allow them to
concentrate in class.
6. Handling In her class, the teacher is When it comes to
misbehavior/off-task calm, gentle, and patient. misbehaving in class, the
behavior She corrects an error effect on the students is that
without embarrassment. they will be able to see their
The teacher calls the own limitations and become
student’s attention by asking more conscious of how they
him/her to reread aloud the are acting in class. On the
instructions and ask him/her other hand, the effect of the
to keep the camera open. off-task challenge on the
The teacher also often use learner is that they will be
the reverse psychology driven to study hard.
strategy to get the students
interested in difficult
subjects.
7. Reinforcement of Every learner who exhibits Students will be motivated to
Positive Behavior excellent behavior and work hard in order to excel in
excels in class is recognized class.  Learners are more
by the teacher. The teacher likely to keep excellent
uses compliments to keep actions if they are properly
the learners encouraged. motivated and praised.
The teacher reinforce
positive behaviors by
checking on them often like
asking how do they feel
about the topic, encourage
them to participate by
acknowledging their
answers and calling them
one by one to share their
experience.
8. Others
9. Others
10. Others

My Analysis

1. Classroom organization and routines influence learner behavior in the sense that it serve as a
guide for students on how to manage their tasks and also as a guide for them to modify their
attitude since they know their teacher is observing their conduct. When a routine becomes a
 student's habit, the students will understand what is expected of them in class. The students'
minds are set that there are rules to be obeyed, so they will exercise their right attitude and act
respectfully.
2. When designing the classroom organization and routine, the teacher should consider the effects
on the learners, as well as the outcome of such things, to determine whether or not they are
effective. The teacher should keep in mind that he or she engages with the students, so the
teacher should make it a point that the students are oriented and cooperate in the creation of
the rules. I think teachers should keep in mind the John Dewey's theory of experiential learning
or learning by doing. They may apply this principle to help the students work or study alone.
They should learn to face the world without relying on others. Dewey believed in experience
continuity, or the link between a student's learning experiences and future decisions and
behavior. He also believed that educational experiences required interaction between the
student and their environment in order to be effective.

3. Positive reinforcement is a behavior strategy that is effective in managing the behavior of

learners. The teacher should demonstrate caring traits and encourage students to continue their
efforts in their studies by providing rewards or incentives if the student achieves excellence in
class, whether academically or non-academically. By doing so, students will work hard, actively
engage, and do well in class. In the class I observed, when it comes to their daily routine, the
class has made it a habit. The teacher made use of positive reinforcement in forms of verbal
praises and encouragement to the students to do better next time. Because the students are all
actively participating and focused in class, I believe the teacher's strategies are very effective.

My Reflections/Insights

1. I would select the secondary level, particularly the fourth year. I chose fourth year since they are
about to graduate and I want to instill some information and values in them before they enter
college. I'll create certain routines that I know will be beneficial to them, as well as processes
that will undoubtedly make the classroom more orderly and favorable to learning. For me, it is
simpler to deal with learners at this year level since they have more learning experience than
students in previous grade levels. There were several procedures that I could use in order to
manage the class. It is simpler to catch their attention when they are disciplined verbally. I'd
want to think about the routines that emphasize the child's conduct and help them develop
their character through group projects, socializing games, and activities. I feel that this
technique may assist to promote strong working relationships among youth as well as correct
etiquette in the classroom, which can lead to greater learning.

2. These are the rules I want to implement in this year level:

 Students are strictly advised to wear their proper uniforms
 Student's I.D. should be kept at all times.
 Boys should maintain proper grooming.
 Boys and girls must maintain appropriate hygiene at all times.
 Follow appropriate etiquette
 Talk to each other in a kind and courteous manner.
 Take care of the classroom equipment
  Maintaining order and cleanliness inside the room
 Late arrivals should not be accepted.
 If someone is speaking at the front, everyone must pay attention.
 Phones are absolutely prohibited during class.
 There will be no cheating during exams.
 Abide by all school rules

I chose these rules because they are not often observed and obeyed by students
nowadays, therefore I want to bring them back and teach them to be disciplined. I set
these rules to make each student aware of the basic do's and don’ts that are expected in
a classroom setting. They must realize that it is for their own good, and it must act as a
guiding concept that cleanliness, respect, and acceptance are important components of
a productive and welcoming classroom setting. It is critical to teach children proper
manners since the majority of them have the capacity to carry this type of behavior for
the rest of their life. It will help them grow as good citizens of the school and community
if they continue to do so when they become older, which I hope they will.

3. Yes, because students are a part of the classroom context and these rules are specifically
designed for them, so it is essential that they participate in the creation of such class
regulations. If they are involved in the creation of these rules, they will feel obligated to obey
and follow them. They will acquire the belief that they should act on their own statements since
they authorized and contributed to the creation of the rules. It is one of the ways for students to
voice their ideas or points of view on the classroom rules. It encourages democracy inside the
classroom since everyone is willing to share and speak up, but students should be aware of their
limitations because teachers are still superior to them. The class is a part of the legislative
council within the classroom, thus the teacher should seek the approval of students when
creating class rules, but it is the teacher's job to resist what anything incorrect is agreed upon by
everyone.
1. B
2. C
3. B

My Learning Portfolio

Students should be involved in creating classroom rules because they will benefit from and adhere
to these policies. This is beneficial because it promotes student ownership in the classroom and holds
students accountable for their actions. The purpose of involving them in the creation of class rules is to
instill in them a feeling of responsibility for their own actions. Students will be able to act appropriately
if they feel accountable for their own actions and understand the expectations that have been
established for them. Allowing students to take ownership of their environment shows that you
appreciate their ideas as a teacher. They believe that their teacher is interested in what they have to
say. It gives them a sense of power and ownership. This will increase their willingness to obey the rules.
Having students directly participate in the development of classroom rules creates transparency. When
students are directly involved in the process, they understand everything better. They may feel more
connected and eager to obey rules that they have established for themselves, rather than feeling
pushed to do so.
Episode 4

The class has 20 students, 7 males and 13 girls aged 12 to 13. The students were mostly Catholics,
although there were some from other religions as well.

During Class
1. How much interaction is there in the classroom? Describe how the students
interact with one another and with the teacher. Are there groups that interact
more with the teacher than others.

I noticed that not all students are the same and that they have individual differences.
Some have a strong personality, they are those who actively participates in the class,
seems to like answering during discussion and are always attentive. Some students,
on the other hand, are passive learners who simply listen during class. I've noticed that
the students communicate in a respectful and courteous manner, they use the words
"po" and "opo" when speaking to and asking questions to their teacher. On the other
hand, students interact with their classmates in a comfortable manner.

2. Observe the learners seated at the back and the front part of the room. Do they behave
and interact differently?

Unfortunately, because we are now having classes online, I was unable to see those
students who seated at the front and the back during face-to-face classes. However, I must
say that they are all well-behaved and attentive in class. As I've observed, they participate
actively during class discussions, and they seek the teacher for permission when they want 
to share their opinions and thoughts during the discussion, showcasing the class's unity and
oneness.

3. Describe the relationship among the learners. Do the learners cooperate with or compete
against each other?

The learners' relationship is great since I can see that they respect one another and
are unified and cooperative with each other. If they do compete with one another,
I know it is for the purpose of their grades, and I understand them, particularly those
who have consistently been honor students. This type of competition will increase
students' eagerness to compete with one another and will aid in their learning and growth.
But, most of the time, I know they are supporting one another especially when it comes to
group activities or pair work.

“It takes a world of difference to make a difference in the world”

We, as individuals, are all different. We came

from different races, religions, and ethnic
groups. We are all unique and has different
traits, but if we use our differences to unify
us all, we can make a difference in our world.
If we can just embrace and leverage our differ-
ences, we will be able to transform the world.

4. Who among the students participate actively? Who among them ask for most help?
 Three-fourths of the class participate actively while one-fourth mostly ask for help. Students that actively
participate are the ones who usually do quite well in class. They are more focused and attentive to their
teacher, which helps them to do well on their activities, quizzes and examinations. On the other hand,
those who seek help the most include those who are not confident enough to speak out in class, those
who are quiet, and those who are just not paying attention or listening during class.

5. When a student is called and cannot answer the teacher’s question, do the classmates try to help
him? Or do they riase their hands, so that the teacher will call them instead?

The teacher will initially try to encourage the student, then if the student still cannot answer the
question, he or she will give the student an opportunity to respond later before calling on another
student. Some of the students are also competitive to say "ma'am" so that the teacher will call them
instead. However, on my first day of observation, the students appear to be dull and inactive even when
their names are called, but Ashley Kate stands out since she is always eager to answer.

Outside the Class

1. How do the students group themselves outside class? Homogenously, by age? By gender? By
racial or ethnic groups? Or are the students in mixed social groupings? If so, describe the
groupings.

Outside of class, I must say that students commonly group themselves by gender. This is reasonable since
students will pick a group that shares one‘s interests. There are groups that are all girls because they
share the same interests such as doing girly things, however there are groups that are all boys because
they share the same interests, such as playing mobile games. There are some who are mixed social
groupings, where maybe even though they are different genders, some of them still share the same
interests.

2. Describe how the learners interact with each other. What do they talk about?

Learners mostly communicate through chats using their messenger or Facebook accounts because they
are taking classes online. Almost all young groups talk about today's trending topics such as the latest
television shows, mobile games, the hottest celebs and icons, newly upgraded gadgets, and
more. Students feel at ease interacting with classmates who are the same with their age and gender.
Obviously, they discuss topics that are relevant to their interests and preferences as well as school works
and activities.

Observation Report

Name of the School Observed: St. Mary’s College of Marinduque

School Address: Isok 1, Boac, Marinduque
Date of Visit:
 The Grade 7 students under Ms. Jellie O. Anaya, are composed of 7 boys and 13 girls aged
12-13 years old. The students were mostly Catholics, although there were some from other
religions as well. I noticed that not all students are the same and that they have individual
differences. Some of them actively participates in the class, on the other hand, some are passive
learners who simply listen during discussion. I've noticed that the students communicate in a
respectful and courteous manner as they use the words "po" and "opo" when speaking to and
asking questions to their teacher. I must say that they are all well-behaved and attentive in class.
As I've observed, they participate actively during class discussions, and they seek the teacher for
permission when they want to share their opinions and thoughts during the discussion. The
learners' relationship with each other is good, since I can see that they respect one another and
are unified and cooperative. Having said by the class teacher, three-fourths of the class
participate actively while one-fourth mostly ask for help. When the teacher’s question is not
answered by a particular student, the teacher will initially try to encourage the student, then if
the student still cannot answer the question, he or she will give the student an opportunity to
respond later before calling on another student. Some of the students are also competitive to
say "ma'am" so that the teacher will call them instead. Outside of class, I must say that students
commonly group themselves by gender. This is reasonable since students will pick a group that
shares one‘s interests. However, there are some who are mixed gender that share the same
interests. Learners mostly communicate through chats using their messenger or Facebook
accounts because they are taking classes online. Almost all young groups talk about today's
trending topics such as the latest television shows, mobile games, the hottest celebs and icons,
newly upgraded gadgets, and more. Students feel at ease interacting with classmates who are
the same with their age and gender. Obviously, they discuss topics that are relevant to their
interests and preferences as well as school works and activities.

My Analysis

1. The main persons who play important roles in the classroom are the teacher and, of course,
the students. The teacher serves as the moderator of the classroom, and as such, he or she
is in responsibility of any wrongdoings in the classroom, as well as guiding and facilitating
the learners.  Among the students, someone appears as a class leader who is enthusiastically
participating during class discussions and activities. There is also a presenter who is quite
good at explaining the lesson, while the rest of the students have passive character who are
quiet and just listen.

2. There were no students who belonged to a minority group throughout my observation

however, I assume that these students have been raised to appreciate one another despite
of their differences (ethnicity, gender, and religion).

3. By demonstrating fair values in class, the teacher can influence the class interaction while
taking into account the individual differences of the students. She takes a personal attention
in each of her students. She makes it a point to be mindful of everything she says in class so
that she does not offend her students' social, religious, or personal beliefs. If students feel
 that their individual differences are acknowledged by their teacher, everyone will be able to
accept and understand one another, leading to greater interaction among students.

4. According to what I've experienced, the students formed groups based on their common
interests. Students that excel in their academics, for example, form their own groups. It
shows that students who have same interest are grouped together. The gender of the
students is another factor that influences how they are grouped outside of class. They will
join the group where they may have a sense of belongingness and where they can express
their likes and dislikes. And if that's the case, students will naturally tend to join group that
perfectly matches their personality and attitude.

My Reflections/Insights

1. It seems odd at first to sit in on another class. However, I already sense oneness and
unity among the students since I can see their willingness to work hard in order to learn
something from their subject. However, I had the impression that some of them were
not cooperative or active in class since they only listened. Everything is silent because
some of them were quiet, but most of them had a good interaction with their teacher.
Nonetheless, the entire class gives the sensation of oneness, and the learners' unity is
seen along with their teacher because they know how to trust and respect one another.

2. In the future, I plan to create successful ways for fostering healthy engagement
inside the classroom. I want my students to interact in such a way that they can feel
comfortable wherein they can express themselves freely, but in a way that does not
upset anyone. I will do this by informing them, explaining the importance of harmony in
the classroom, and convincing them that we will all benefit if we practice this type of
engagement. I must also appreciate their uniqueness regardless of gender, or religion. I
would be fair to everyone. That might be possible if I’ll be able to establish a good
relationship with my students. I would show them a kind demeanor so that I can easily
motivate them to be cooperative and active. I feel that by doing so, I may gain their
respect and attention therefore, we all can easily create a healthy atmosphere inside
the class.

Notes:
As a teacher, consideration is important. Teachers must be thoughtful and careful with
their interaction among students. Every learner learns through different methods of
instruction. They are one-of-a-kind; no two classes learn in the same way. Some people
learn best by doing, others by listening, yet others by playing, and so on.
Episode 5

Name of the School Observed: St. Mary’s College of Marinduque

School Address: Isok 1, Boac, Marinduque

Date of Visit:

I noticed the different abilities of each learner as I observed the Grade 7 class. There were
students who are eagerly listening to their teacher and are very interested in their subject, but there
were others who are quiet during class and prefer to just listen to their teacher. There are students who
understand the teacher easily, those who are active and like to respond whenever their teacher asks
them a question. There are also slow learners for whom the teacher must repeat the question in order
for them to understand, and the teacher must always try to capture their attention.

After carefully observing and paying close attention to all of the students, the differences in
their abilities became noticeable. I was able to identify students who appear to be performing well and
those who seem to be left behind. Mr. Andre Dominic Tan was one of the engaged students I observed.
He is a very confident student who never hesitates to respond when the teacher asks him a question. He
was also responsible and disciplined in his studies, so it's no surprise that he's a top student.  His father
and his mother, are both well-known successful entrepreneurs in Boac.

On the other hand, I also noticed Ms. Maria Princess Malubag. According to their adviser,
her mother works as a vendor at the Boac market. She is one of the students in class who appears to be
left behind. During their class, she is quiet and inattentive. According to their teacher, she appears to be
in her own world and only answers in class on a regular basis. Tiffany Elen Mallari, who is the same age
as them, appears to be left behind too. Her father is a member of the United States Marine Corps.
Sometimes she is not confident and hesitant to answer during class. She needs to put in extra effort to
help her perform better in class. My prior observation was validated by the teacher who was kind
enough to share with me the kind of values and attitudes the mentioned learners possessed.

Obviously, high-achieving students are more active in class than low-achieving students. High
achievers can complete their work more quickly and spend more time interacting with their teachers.
Low-achieving students frequently ask questions to their teachers and demonstrated short attention
span. Regarding this situation, the teacher is aware of the learners' behavior. She is aware that they
learn at different rates. To address their various needs, the teacher employs differentiated instruction in
order to obtain a high learning rate among the students. She asks them questions based on their level of
ability. The teacher gives appropriate assistance to those who require it the most. She is very
approachable, which is awesome because her students will not be afraid to ask for help. The teacher
was also constantly devising ways to deal with the situation in order to make learning as effective as
possible.

My Analysis

1. Yes, my observations corresponded to the information given by the teacher, and I was able to
correctly identify the students who are performing well and those who seem to be left behind.
Participating to answer and always responding to the teacher are the behaviors that help me
identify them, as is the manner in which they present their ideas and respond to the teacher's
direction. Other behaviors that guided me in identifying the well-performing students are that
they are very fond of voicing out their ideas when the teacher asks them several questions
about the subject matter. On the other hand, I was able to identify those students who are not
so good in class by the fact that when the teacher asks them a specific question, they would not
be able to answer unless the teacher repeats the question or make it easier.

2. In terms of the ability level of the students in the class, there is a significant difference between
those who perform well and those who do not. According to my observation, students who
perform poorly in the classroom are those who do not listen during the discussion and those
who constantly have to ask the teacher for clarification about their lesson. Students who
perform well in class are able to easily understand and cope with the lesson, whereas students
who perform poorly take a longer time to understand the lesson. There is a gap, but it is not
wide enough, because it only takes time and effort for some students to understand the subject
matter, but they can still cope and participate as others do.

3. The teacher employs differentiated instruction by asking students questions based on their level
of knowledge. When discussing the lesson, she uses the question and answer method, and
follows it up with individual or group activities. She acknowledges all of her students' answers
without embarrassing them if the answer is incorrect. Some students are motivated as a result
of these methods, and they actively respond to their teacher. The teacher is fair when dealing
with her students, whether high or low achievers. She addresses the class as a whole, rather
than making her students feel that there is a huge gap between those who performed well and
those who are not.
My Reflections/Insights

When I was in elementary, I was one of the students who used to be a high achiever and
was always on the lists of honor students. Back then in Grade 6, the majority of our class was
very competent, but there were a few students who appeared to be slow learners. Instead of
making them feel they are incompetent, our class adviser always gives them the attention they
need. She always calls them out during discussion to encourage them to participate. She always
reminds them not to be afraid to express their ideas. It just so happens that we learn at our own
pace, so our teacher never forced them to learn in the same way that we do rather motivates
them that they can do better.
I also remember our teacher paired us wherein one is a high achiever and  the other is a
slow learner. It was a strategy to help the slow learners learn from his/her classmate. If the fast
learners are grouped together with the slow learners, the fast learner can influence and help
them focus on studies and minimize distractions.  The teacher is constantly utilizing this strategy
to us and slow learners eventually began to show signs of improvement which indicated that our
teacher was effective.
But, when I was in high school, I remember my Filipino teacher who always gives special
attention to students who are high achievers in class. However, if someone from the group of
low-achieving students responds during discussion, she does not accept their answers especially
when they are incorrect. She makes them feel embarrassed for not paying attention in class.
And because she is our final subject in the afternoon, she always gives us recitation after the
discussion in which those who answer correctly can leave the classroom early. Even though she
can be a little bit strict at times, I believe it helps some of our classmates who are slow learners
to study hard and perform well in class. Because everyone wants to get home early, we all pay
close attention during her subject, which I believe makes her somehow an effective teacher too.

My Learning Portfolio

There is no one-size-fits-all strategy for addressing a wide range of skills and abilities in a  class. As
a future teacher, I must adjust my lesson plans to various learning styles, student backgrounds, and a
multitude of other aspects. I'll use differentiated instruction to teaching that will address the individual
learning needs of everyone. Every student has their own prefer method of obtaining information,
whether it is auditory, visual, kinesthetic, or written. In my lesson planning, I'll make an effort to
accommodate as many different learning styles as possible. When it comes to assignments or projects,
I'll give them a variety of options and even enable them to work in groups. Choice is both encouraging
and powerful to them. For example, after I've presented the content, I'll ask them to create their own
project that best demonstrates what they've learned. Some students, for example, may draw or some
may write it in essay. Creating peer interaction groups for students might also be beneficial. Whether in
small or big groups, each has its own set of advantages.  Collaboration is an important tool for
addressing a variety of skills and capabilities in the classroom.

Differentiating various learning abilities in a classroom can take time and often necessitates
additional preparation. However, once teachers have a basic understanding of the student's knowledge
levels, they can develop methods tailored to their students' needs. Individually, students will thrive as a
result of the teacher's capacity to meet each one at his or her particular level of learning.

Episode 6

Name of Learner: Andre Dominic Tan

Date of Birth: January 23, 2009

Grade/Year Level: Grade 7

Number of Siblings: 3

Birth Order: Middle

Age: 12 years old

Gender: Male

Parents:

Mother: Joan A. Tan

Age: 39 years old

Occupation: Business Woman

Educational Attainment: College

Father: Tony J. Tan

Age: 63 years old

Occupation: Businessman

Educational Attainment: College

Learner’s Physical Aspect: He has light brown skin. He’s height and weight is also fit for his age.

Health: Normal and in good condition

Mother’s Heath during pregnancy with the learner: During his mother’s pregnancy, she is in normal
condition and only felt morning sickness.

Ailments or health problems of the learner as a child: The child only had fever, coughs and colds. He
didn't encounter any serious health problem.

Age of the Learner when he started to walk/talk: He started to walk at around 11 months old and
started to talk some words like “daddy” and “mommy” when he was 1 year old.

Food preferences of the learner as a child and at present: He likes eating pasta and fried chicken.

Who took care of him/her as a child? His mother took care of him as a child.

Learner’s Social Aspect:

Describe your child’s sociability: He is friendly and outgoing. There were also times when he chose to
be alone and play without company.

Who were the learner’s playmates? His common playmates are his friends and cousins.

As a child then, was he/she allowed to play outside? Not all times, he is allowed to play outside, unless it
is somewhere safe.

Is he/she allowed to go out with friends? Sometimes he is allowed to go outside with his friends during
occasions like birthday and other important events.

Do you have rules for him/her to follow regarding going out?

He is allowed to go out as long as he is safe and wears health protocols like facemask or face shield.

Emotional-Moral

What are your expectations of your child? I expect my child to finish his studies and I'll support him to
any kind of course he would be taking up so that I'm sure that the path of career he chose is what he
really wants.

How do you provide a nurturing environment for your child? I made sure they have what they need,
food to eat and a conducive place to study.

Does your child go to you when she/he feels down or has a problem? What do you do to meet his/her
emotional needs? Yes, I talk to him about his problems and let him express what he feels. After that, I
counsel him so that he will not feel down and let him know that I’m always beside him no matter what
happen.
What do you do when he/she is not successful in something? I cheer him up and still congratulates him
for his effort.

How do you discipline your children? Discipline nowadays is not easy. Their father do the job. We do it
verbally as much as possible because we are aware that physical punishment is not good for our
children.

Do you have rules in the house? What are they? Yes, my rules are simple. First, they are allowed to use
their gadgets once they are done with their class and homework. Next, they must tell me the truth
always. And they should tell us what they need beforehand.

How do you impose the rules? I impose it by telling them the punishment they’ll receive if they try to
break the rules.

What are the consequences of breaking the rules? The consequences are either they will be punished
or scolded.

Learner’s Cognitive Aspect

What are the child’s interest? The child is interested in playing video games. He also likes eating tasty
food.

What is he good at in school? When it comes in Math and Science, he really excels with this subjects.
He’s also good at making friends.

In what subject does he have difficulty? This year, he said that he experiences some difficulties in Araling
Panlipunan and Filipino subject.

How do you monitor his/her performance in school? How do you motivate him/her?

I monitor his performance in school by asking his teacher about his progress while at home, I constantly
check on him if he’s done with his class and homework. I motivate him by reminding him that we are
happy in every achievements he had made. We also makes sure that we give them our full support in
any way we can.

Do you have rules at home to help him develop good study habits? What are these rules? How they are
implemented?

Yes, we have. Before we allow them to use their gadget or play videogames, they must finish first their
homework or activities in school. We implement it by giving them time to study and time to use their
gadget. It should be balance and they must know their priorities.

Physical Development: Based on the interview, the respondent mentioned that he was physically fit and
healthy. He has light brown complexion and is a little bit chubby. His weight and height is also adequate
for his age.

Social Development:

He is outgoing and enjoys making new acquaintances. He is friendly enough because he is approachable
who seems to be a cheerful person and loves to go out with his friends. His common playmates are his
friends and cousins. He is genuine and can easily socialize with others. He is also a loving son to his
parents.

Emotional Moral Development

He is emotionally stable and is not afraid to express his thoughts and feelings. His parents make sure
that he won't feel alone in any of his problems. They'll counsel him so that he knows what to do and let
him feel that they're always there for him no matter what happens.

Cognitive Development

When it comes to Math and Science, he truly excels in these subjects. He is intelligent and strives hard in
his studies, thus it's not a surprise that he is one of the top students. However, he mentioned that he is
having some difficulties in his Araling Panlipunan and Filipino subjects.  This is why is parents monitor his
performance in school by frequently asking his teacher about his performance, and they always check
on him to see if he has finished his lesson and homework. They continuously motivate him by reminding
him that they are proud of all of his accomplishments. They also make sure that they provide him with
their full support in any manner they can.

Findings

According to my observation, the student is properly cared  by his parents and receives the
attention he deserves, thus allowing him to perform well in school. I also noticed that his parents
provide him with all he needs at school while at home, they teach him proper manners and morals. As a
result, he exhibits proper student behavior.

Conclusions

The activeness of a student such as Andre Dominic Tan indicates a child's potential to engage  actively in
school if he is surrounded by a favorable environment both at school and at home. Students' learning is
greatly influenced not just at school, but also by their home environment. I think that school and family
should really build a strong connection in order for the child to achieve a successful school performance.
I therefore conclude that school and home have a significant influence on the cognitive, emotional,
psychomotor, and other aspects of child development, as well as the overall personality of the learners.
Hence,   the child's education begins at home. At home, the child learns values, attitudes, and his
intellect develops gradually. Still, school is crucial in shaping each learner.

Recommendations

I do recommend that every teacher must be dedicated, creative, and patient when dealing with
his/her students. He or she must apply a variety of strategies in order to catch the students' interest and
attention on the lesson. Parents must also be accountable for guiding their children. They must build a
healthy and strong relationship with them. They should always ask about their studies and motivate
them to study hard in order to achieve success in their life. The learner's part is the most vital
wherein they must constantly be obedient and responsible since they are most accountable for their
own learning.

My Anaysis
 1. The learner is exposed to an authoritative parenting style. His mother established rules and
boundaries that must be obeyed. If not, there are consequences or punishments for
breaking these rules. However, his parents do not tolerate physical punishment as a form of
discipline. More than that, they make sure they have time to monitor his academic
performance. At home, they set study habits and give him allotted time on when he can use
his gadgets or play videogames. His parents also provide him with their full support in any
manner they can. Authoritative parenting style occurs when children are respected and
taken care properly. No wonder, Mr. Andre Dominic Tan is one of the best students who
possesses intelligence, social skills, and a great sense of self-esteem. This only demonstrates
that he has a favorable learning environment at home and the parenting style enforced by
his parents is effective.

2. Parents play an important role throughout one‘s adolescent's life. Learners who have
parental involvement regarding their academic achievements outperform those who do not
have. Children are also less influenced by peers, especially negative peer influence, when
they have close and involving relationships with their parents. When a learner's parental
relationship is lacking in warmth, nurturance and supervision, he/she is more likely to be
swayed by peers. Authoritative parenting style, as practiced by the parents I interviewed,
encourages students to take more responsibility for their learning and to be more self-
reliant. Furthermore, parents may model or mold the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral
characteristics they want to see in their children through a positive and strong relationship
between them and their children.

3. As we all know, our parents are our first teacher. What the learner did at school reflects
how he/she is nurtured at home. It is important that there is a communication between
home and school because this allows both parties to keep track of the student's progress
and performance. The more involved the parents are, the easier it is for the learner to cope
and deal with school challenges. Parental availability encourages a positive attitude toward
learning, which leads to higher test achievement or scores, increased homework
completion, and even better attendance. It also helps the child be intact in his/her learning
with continual flow of information from both school and home. This way, the child receives
the appropriate amount of attention, allowing the learner to be adequately prepared for
school.

My Reflections/Insights

1. From the time I was a child until now, I have authoritarian parents. My parents are quite strict. 
They make rules at home, and if we break them, we are physically punished. If she comes home
from her work, and she saw me still playing outside with my friends, my mother would hit me
with a hanger. She never lets us play outside after school, instead wants us to study and finish
our homework. I was a little aggressive at that time because I was envious of my classmates who
were close to their mothers. It has a huge impact on me. However, because of my strict parents,
I was compelled to study diligently. I've always made it a point to be among the honor students
since kindergarten because I don't want to disappoint my parents. Until now, I've had this
 attitude that it's a failure if I'm not one of the honor students. Fortunately, I was able to keep my
outstanding marks. On the bright side, if I go back to my childhood, I am still grateful that my
mother pushed me to study initially because all of my hard work is finally paying off.

2. As a future teacher, I should always communicate with the parents of my students so that I may
speak with them if their child has challenges or problems that they cannot handle on their own.
The teacher serves as a mediator between the school and the home, which is especially
important today since students do not share their problems with their parents and do not show
negative emotions at home.