2020-11-02 16 - 08 - 07 - Syl978

File Ref.No.
59902/GA - IV - J3/2019/Admn
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
Abstract
General and Academic - Faculty of Science - Modified Syllabus of BSc Mathematics Programme under CBCSS UG
Regulations 2019 with effect from 2020 Admission onwards - Implemented- Orders Issued.
G & A - IV - J
U.O.No. 9389/2020/Admn Dated, Calicut University.P.O, 13.10.2020
Read:-1. U.O.No. 4368/2019/Admn dated 23.03.2019

2. U.O.No. 18084/2019/Admn dated 28.12.2019
3. The minutes of the meeting of the Board of Studies in Mathematics UG held on
17.03.2020 & 10.07.2020
4. The item nos.14(a) & 14(b) in the minutes of the meeting of Faculty of Science held
on 08.09.2020
5. The Item no.II.I in the minutes of the meeting of Academic Council held on
01.10.2020
ORDER
1. The Regulations for Choice Based Credit and Semester System for Under Graduate (UG)
Curriculum-2019 (CBCSS UG Regulations 2019) for all UG Programmes under CBCSS-
Regular and SDE/PrivateRegistration w.e.f. 2019 admission, was implemented vide paper read
first above, and the same has been modified vide paper read second above.
2. The meeting of the Board of Studies in Mathematics (UG) held on 17/03/2020 & 10/07/2020
recommended certain modifications in the Syllabus of B.Sc Mathematics Programme, in
tune with the new CBCSS UG-2019 Regulations and the modifications made applicable with
effect from 2020 admissions onwards, vide paper read third above.
3. The Faculty of Science has approved the modified syllabus of BSc Mathematics programme in
tune with the new CBCSS UG-2019 Regulations with effect from 2020 Admission onwards and
the same has been approved by the Academic Council, vide paper read fourth & fifth above,
respectively.
4. Hence, the Modified Scheme and Syllabus of B Sc Mathematics Programme in accordance with
CBCSS UG Regulations 2019, is therefore implemented in the University with effect from 2020
Admission onwards.
5. Orders are issued accordingly. (Syllabus appended).
Arsad M
Assistant Registrar
To
The Principals of all Affiliated Colleges / The Director, School of Distance Education
Copy to: PS to VC/PA to PVC/ PA to Registrar/PA to CE/ SDE/JCE I/JCE IV/DoA/EX and EG
Sections/GA I F/CHMK Library/Information Centres/SF/DF/FC
Forwarded / By Order
Section Officer
Page 1 of 100
B.Sc. DEGREE PROGRAMME
CHOICE BASED CREDIT
SEMESTER SYSTEM
(CBCSS-UG Regulations 2019)
MATHEMATICS
(CORE, OPEN & COMPLEMENTARY
COURSES)
SYLLABUS
(Effective from 2020 admission onwards)
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
Page 2 of 100
Syllabus structure
Core Courses
The following courses are compulsory for BSc Mathematics programme.
Max. Marks
Exam dur.(Hrs)
No of contact
hours/Week
Semester
External
Internal
Credits
Sl. No
Total
Code Name of the course
1 MTS1B01 Basic Logic and Number 1 4 4 20 80 100 2.5
Theory
2 MTS2B02 Calculus of Single variable-1 2 4 4 20 80 100 2.5
3 MTS3B03 Calculus of Single variable-2 3 5 4 20 80 100 2.5
4 MTS4B04 Linear Algebra 4 5 4 20 80 100 2.5
5 MTS5B05 Abstract Algebra 5 5 4 20 80 100 2.5
6 MTS5B06 Basic Analysis 5 5 4 20 80 100 2.5
7 MTS5B07 Numerical Analysis 5 4 3 15 60 75 2
8 MTS5B08 Linear Programming 5 3 3 15 60 75 2
9 MTS5B09 Introduction to Geometry 5 3 3 15 60 75 2
and Theory of Equations
Project 5 2
10 Open Course (Offered by 5 3 3 15 60 75 2
Other Departments)
11 MTS6B10 Real Analysis 6 5 5 20 80 100 2.5
12 MTS6B11 Complex Analysis 6 5 5 20 80 100 2.5
13 MTS6B12 Calculus of Multi variable 6 5 4 20 80 100 2.5
14 MTS6B13 Differential Equations 6 5 4 20 80 100 2.5
15 MTS6B14 Elective 6 3 2 15 60 75 2
16 MTS6P15(PR) Project Viva 6 2 2 15 60 75
68 58 1450
1 Page 3 of 100
Elective Courses
One of the following four courses can be offered in the sixth semester as an elective
course (Code MTS6B14(E01), MTS6B14(E02) and MTS6B14(E03)).
Max. Marks
No of contact
hours/Week
Exam dur.
Semester
External
Internal
Credits
Sl. No
Total
(Hrs)
1 MTS6B14(E01) Graph Theory 6 3 2 15 60 75 2
2 MTS6B14(E02) Topology of Metric 6 3 2 15 60 75 2
spaces
3 MTS6B14(E03) Mathematical Pro- 6 3 2 15 60 75 2
gramming with
Python and Latex
Open Courses
One of the following four courses can be offered in the fifth semester as an open course
for students from other degree programmmes (MTS5D01, MTS5D02, MTS5D03 and
MTS5D04).
Max. Marks
No of contact
hours/Week
Unty. exam
Dur. (Hrs)
Semester
External
Internal
Credits
Sl. No
Total

1 MTS5D01 Applied Calculus 5 3 3 15 60 75 2
2 MTS5D02 Discrete Mathematics 5 3 3 15 60 75 2
for Basic and Applied
Sciences
3 MTS5D03 Linear Mathematical 5 3 3 15 60 75 2
Models
4 MTS5D04 Mathematics for Deci- 5 3 3 15 60 75 2
sion Making
2 Page 4 of 100
Complementary Courses
Max. Marks
No of contact
hours/Week
Unty. exam
Dur. (Hrs)
Semester
External
Internal
Credits
Sl. No
Total
1 MTS1C01 Mathematics-1 1 4 3 15 60 75 2
Credit Distribution of BSc Mathematics Programme

Sl. Course Credits
No
1 English 22
2 Additional Language 16
13 Courses 51
3 Core Course 1 Elective 2 55
Project 2
4 Complementary course I 12
5 Complementary course II 12
6 Open Course 3
Total 120
Scheme of Evaluation
The evaluation scheme for each course shall contain two parts: internal evaluation
and external evaluation.
Internal Evaluation
20% of the total marks in each course are for internal evaluation. The colleges shall
send only the marks obtained for internal examination to the university.
3 Page 5 of 100
Components of Internal Evaluation
Sl Components Marks (For Courses Marks (For Courses
No with Max. Marks with Max. Marks
75) 100)
1 Class Room Participa- 3 4
tion(Attendance)
2 Assignment 3 4
3 Seminar 3 4
4 Test paper 6 8
Total 15 20
a) Percentage of Class Room Participation (Attendance) in a Semester

and Eligible Internal Marks
% of Class Room Par- Out of 3 (Maximum in- Out of 4 (Maximum in-

ticipation (Attendance) ternal marks is 15) ternal marks is 20)
50% ≤ CRP < 75% 1 1
75% ≤ CRP < 85% 2 2
85% and above 3 4
CRP means % of class room participation (Attendance)
b) Percentage of Marks in a Test Paper and Eligible Internal Marks
Range of Marks in test Out of 6 (Maximum in- Out of 8 (Maximum in-

paper (TP) ternal marks is 15) ternal marks is 20)
Less than 35% 1 1
35% ≤ T P < 45% 2 2
45% ≤ T P < 55% 3 3
55% ≤ T P < 65% 4 4
65% ≤ T P < 85% 5 6
85% ≤ T P ≤ 100% 6 8
Evaluation of Project
1. Evaluation of the Project Report shall be done under Mark System.
2. The evaluation of the project will be done at two stages:
• Internal Assessment (supervising teachers will assess the project and award
internal Marks)
4 Page 6 of 100
• External evaluation (external examiner appointed by the University)
3. Grade for the project will be awarded to candidates, combining the internal and
external marks.
4. The internal to external components is to be taken in the ratio 1 : 4.
Assessment of different components may be taken as below.
Internal assessment of Project (15 Marks)

(Supervising Teacher will assess the Project and award internal Marks)
Sl. Components Internal Marks

No.
1 Originality 3
2 Methodology 3
3 Scheme / Organization of 4.5
Report
4 Viva Voce 4.5
Total 15
External Evaluation of Project (60 Marks)

(To be done by the External Examiner appointed by the University)
Sl. Components External Marks

No.
1 Relevance of the Topic, State- 12
ment of Objectives
2 Reference/ Bibliography, Presen- 12
tation, quality of Analysis/ Use of
Statistical Tools.
3 Findings and recommendations 18
4 Viva-Voce 18
Total 60
5 Page 7 of 100
Pattern of Question Paper for University Examinations
For Courses with Max. For Courses with Max.

External Marks 80 (2.5 External Marks 60 (2 Hrs)
Hrs)
Section A Short answer type Ceiling - 25 Short answer type Ceiling - 20
carries 2 marks carries 2 marks
each - 15 ques- each - 12 ques-
tions tions
Section B Paragraph/ Prob- Ceiling - 35 Paragraph/ Prob- Ceiling - 30
lem type carries lem type carries
5 marks each - 8 5 marks each - 7
questions questions
Section C Essay type carries 2 ×10 = 20 Essay type carries 1 ×10 = 10
10 marks (2 out of 10 marks (1 out of
4) 2)
Total 80 60
* Questions are to be evenly distributed over the entire syllabus. At least 20% of
questions from each module must be included in each section of the question paper
for courses having four modules in the syllabus and 30% for courses having three
modules in the syllabus.
6 Page 8 of 100
CORE COURSES
7 Page 9 of 100
FIRST SEMESTER
MTS1 B01 BASIC LOGIC & NUMBER THEORY
4 hours/week 4 Credits 100 Marks Int:20+Ext:80]
Aims, Objectives and Outcomes
Logic, the study of principles of techniques and reasoning, is fundamental to every branch
of learning. Besides, being the basis of all mathematical reasoning, it is required in the field of
computer science for developing programming languages and also to check the correctness of
the programmes. Electronic engineers apply logic in the design of computer chips. The first
module discusses the fundamentals of logic, its symbols and rules. This enables one to think
systematically, to express ideas in precise and concise mathematical terms and also to make
valid arguments. How to use logic to arrive at the correct conclusion in the midst of confusing
and contradictory statements is also illustrated.
The classical number theory is introduced and some of the very fundamental results are
discussed in other modules. It is hoped that the method of writing a formal proof, using proof
methods discussed in the first module, is best taught in a concrete setting, rather than as an
abstract exercise in logic. Number theory, unlike other topics such as geometry and analysis,
doesn’t suffer from too much abstraction and the consequent difficulty in conceptual
understanding. Hence, it is an ideal topic for a beginner to illustrate how mathematicians do
their normal business. By the end of the course, the students will be able to enjoy and master
several techniques of problem solving such as recursion, induction etc., the importance of
pattern recognition in mathematics, the art of conjecturing and a few applications of number
theory. Enthusiastic students will have acquired knowledge to read and enjoy on their own a
few applications of number theory in the field of art, geometry and coding theory. Successful
completion of the course enables students to
 Prove results involving divisibility, greatest common divisor, least common multiple and a
few applications.
 Understand the theory and method of solutions of LDE.
 Solve linear congruent equations.
 Learn three classical theorems viz. Wilson’s theorem, Fermat’s little theorem and Euler’s
theorem and a few important consequences.
8 Page 10 of 100
Syllabus
Text (1) Discrete Mathematics with Applications : Thomas Koshy, Elsever Academic
Press(2004) ISBN:0-12-421180-1
Text:(2) Elementary Number Theory with Applications (2/e) :Thomas Koshy, Elsever
Academic Press(2007) ISBN:978-0-12-372487-8
Module- I Text (1) (15 hrs)
1.1: Propositions- definition, Boolean (logic) variables, Truth Value, Conjunction, Boolean
expression, Disjunction (inclusive and exclusive), Negation, Implication, Converse, Inverse
and Contra positive, Biconditional statement, Order of Precedence, Tautology Contradiction
and Contingency [‘Switching Networks’ omitted]
1.2 : Logical equivalences- laws of logic [‘Equivalent Switching Networks’ ‘Fuzzy logic’ &
‘Fuzzy decisions’omitted]
1.3 : Quantifiers- universal & existential, predicate logic
1.4 : Arguments- valid and invalid arguments, inference rules
1.5: Proof Methods – vacuous proof, trivial proof, direct proof, indirect proof-contrapositive
 contradiction, proof by cases, Existence proof- constructive & non constructive, counter
example
Module- II Text (2) (12 hrs)
1.3 : Mathematical induction- well ordering principle, simple applications, weak version of
principle of mathematical induction, illustrations, strong version of induction (second
principle of MI), illustration
1.4 : Recursion- recursive definition of a function, illustrations.
2.1: The division algorithm – statement and proof, div & mod operator, card dealing, The two
queens puzzle (simple applications), pigeonhole principle and division algorithm, divisibility
relation, illustration, divisibility properties, union intersection and complement-inclusion-
exclusion principle & applications, even and odd integers.
2.5: Prime and Composite Numbers- definitions, infinitude of primes, [‘algorithm 2.4‘
omitted] The sieve of Eratosthenes, a number theoretic function, prime number theorem
(statement only), distribution of primes (upto and including Example 2.25) . [rest of the
section omitted]
9 Page 11 of 100
Module- III Text (2) (17 hrs)
3.1 : Greatest Common Divisor- gcd, symbolic definition, relatively prime integers, Duncan’s
identity, Polya’s theorem, infinitude of primes, properties of gcd, linear combination, gcd as
linear combination, an alternate definition of gcd, gcd of n positive integers, a linear
combination of n positive integers, pairwise relatively prime integers, alternate proof for
infinitude of prime.
3.2: The Euclidean Algorithm- The Euclidean algorithm [algorithm 3.1 omitted], A jigsaw
puzzle, Lame’s theorem (statement only; proof omitted)
3.3: The Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic- Euclid’s lemma on division of product by a

prime, fundamental theorem of arithmetic, Canonical Decomposition, number of trailing
zeros, highest power of a prime dividing!, [only statement of Theorem3.14 required; proof
omitted] Distribution of Primes Revisited, Dirichlet’s Theorem (statement only)
3.4 : Least Common Multiple- definition, canonical decomposition to find lcm, relationship
between gcd and lcm, relatively prime numbers and their lcm
3.5: Linear Diophantine Equations – LDE in two variables, conditions to have a solution,
Aryabhatta’s method, number of solutions, general solution, Mahavira’s puzzle, hundred
fowls puzzle, Monkey and Coconuts Puzzle, [‘Euler’s method for solving LDE’s ‘ omitted]
Fibonacci numbers and LDE, LDE in more number of variables and their solutions- Theorem
3.20
Module- IV Text (2) (20 hrs)
4.1:Congruences - congruence modulo m, properties of congruence, characterization of

congruence, least residue, [‘Friday-the-Thirteenth’ omitted], congruence classes, A Complete
Set of Residues Modulo m, properties of congruence, use of congruence to find the remainder
on division, [‘Modular Exponentiation’ method omitted], Towers of Powers Modulo m,
further properties of congruence and their application to find remainder [‘Monkey and
Cocunut Puzzle revisited’(example 4.17) omitted] congruences of two numbers with different
moduli
4.2: Linear Congruence- solvability, uniqueness of solution, incongruent solutions, Modular

Inverses, applications
i
5.1: Divisibility Tests-Divisibility Test for 10, Divisibility Test for 5, Divisibility Test for 2 ,
Divisibility Tests for 3 and 9, Divisibility Test for 11 [ rest of the section from Theorem 5.1
onwards omitted]
7.1: Wilson’s Theorem- self invertible modulo prime, Wilson’s theorem and its converse
[‘Factorial,Multifactorial and Primorial Primes’ omitted]
10 Page 12 of 100
7.2: Fermat’s Little Theorem(FLT)- FLT and its applications, [Lagrange’s alternate proof of
Wilson’s theorem omitted], inverse of a modulo p using FLT, application-solution of linear
n
congruences [ ‘ Factors of 2 + 1 ‘ omitted], extension of FLT in various directions [‘The
Pollard p-1 factoring method’ omitted]
7.4 : Euler’s Theorem- motivation, Euler’s Phi Function φ, Euler’s Theorem, applications,
generalisation of Euler’s theorem (koshy)
References:
1 Susanna S Epp: Discrete Mathematics with Applications(4/e) Brooks/ Cole Cengage
Learning(2011) ISBN: 978-0-495-39132-6
2 Kenneth H. Rosen: Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications(7/e) McGraw-Hill, NY
(2007) ISBN: 978-0-07-338309-5
3 David M. Burton : Elementary Number Theory(7/e) McGraw-Hill (2011) ISBN: 978-0-
07-338314-9
4 Gareth A. Jones and J. Mary Jones: Elementary Number Theory, Springer Undergraduate
Mathematics Series(1998) ISBN: 978-3-540-76197-6
5 Underwood Dudley :Elementary Number Theory(2/e), Dover Publications (2008)
ISBN:978-0-486-46931-7
6 James K Strayer: Elementary Number Theory, Waveland Press, inc. (1994), ISBN:978-1-
57766-224-2
7 Kenneth H. Rosen: Elementary Number Theory(6/e), Pearson Education (2018)ISBN:
9780134310053
11 Page 13 of 100
SECOND SEMESTER
MTS2 B02 CALCULUS OF SINGLE VARIABLE1
4 hours/week 4 Credits 100 Marks [Int:20+Ext:80]

The mathematics required for viewing and analyzing the physical world around us is
contained in calculus. While Algebra and Geometry provide us very useful tools for expressing the
relationship between static quantities, the concepts necessary to explore the relationship between
moving/changing objects are provided in calculus. The objective of the course is to introduce
students to the fundamental ideas of limit, continuity and differentiability and also to some basic
theorems of differential calculus. It is also shown how these ideas can be applied in the problem of
sketching of curves and in the solution of some optimization problems of interest in real life. This is
done in the first two modules.
The next two modules deal with the other branch of calculus viz. integral calculus.
Historically, it is motivated by the geometric problem of finding out the area of a planar region. The
idea of definite integral is defined with the notion of limit. A major result is the Fundamental
Theorem of Calculus, which not only gives a practical way of evaluating the definite integral but
establishes the close connection between the two branches of Calculus. The notion of definite
integral not only solves the area problem but is useful in finding out the arc length of a plane curve,
volume and surface areas of solids and so on. The integral turns out to be a powerful tool in solving
problems in physics, chemistry, biology, engineering, economics and other fields. Some of the
applications are included in the syllabus.
12 Page 14 of 100
Syllabus
Text Calculus: Soo T Tan Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning (2010 )

ISBN: 9780534465797

ModuleI (20 hrs)
(Functions and Limits)
0.2: Functions and their Graphs Definition of a Function, Describing
Functions, Evaluating Functions, Finding the Domain of a Function, The
Vertical Line Test, Piecewise Defined Functions, Even and Odd Functions
(quick review)

0.4: Combining functions Arithmetic Operations on Functions,
Composition of Functions, Graphs of Transformed Functions , Vertical
Translations, Horizontal Translations, Vertical Stretching and Compressing,
Horizontal Stretching and Compressing, Reflecting

1.1: Intuitive introduction to Limits A RealLife Example, Intuitive
Definition of a Limit, OneSided Limits, Using Graphing Utilities to Evaluate
Limits

1.2: Techniques for finding Limits Computing Limits Using the Laws of
Limits, Limits of Polynomial and Rational Functions, Limits of
Trigonometric Functions, The Squeeze Theorem.

1.3: Precise Definition of a Limit 𝜀 − 𝛿 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛, A Geometric
Interpretation, Some illustrative examples

1.4: Continuous Functions Continuity at a Number, Continuity at an
Endpoint, Continuity on an Interval, Continuity of Composite Functions,
Intermediate Value Theorem

1.5: Tangent Lines and Rate of change An Intuitive Look, Estimating the
Rate of Change of a Function from Its Graph, More Examples Involving
Rates of Change, Defining a Tangent Line, Tangent Lines, Secant Lines, and
Rates of Change

2.1: The Derivatives Definition, Using the Derivative to Describe the Motion
of the Maglev, Differentiation, Using the Graph of 𝑓 to Sketch the Graph of 𝑓′
Differentiability, Differentiability and Continuity

13 Page 15 of 100
2.4: The role of derivative in the real world Motion Along a Line, Marginal
Functions in Economics

2.9: Differentials and Linear Approximations increments, Differentials,
Error Estimates, Linear Approximations, Error in Approximating ∆𝑦 by 𝑑𝑦
ModuleII (17 hrs)

(Applications of the Derivative)
3.1: Extrema of Functions Absolute Extrema of Functions, Relative
Extrema of Functions , Fermat’s Theorem, Finding the Extreme Values of a
Continuous Function on a Closed Interval, An Optimization Problem

3.2: The Mean Value Theorem Rolle’s Theorem, The Mean Value Theorem,
Some Consequences of the Mean Value Theorem, Determining the Number
of Zeros of a Function

3.3: Increasing and Decreasing Functions definition , inferring the
behaviour of function from sign of derivative, Finding the Relative Extrema
of a Function, first derivative test

3.4: Concavity and Inflection points Concavity, Inflection Points, The
Second Derivative Test, The Roles of 𝑓 ′ and 𝑓 ′′ in Determining the Shape of a
Graph

3.5: Limits involving Infinity; Asymptotes Infinite Limits, Vertical
Asymptotes, Limits at Infinity, Horizontal Asymptotes, Infinite Limits at
Infinity, Precise Definitions

3.6: Curve SketchingThe Graph of a Function, Guide to Curve Sketching,
Slant Asymptotes , Finding Relative Extrema Using a Graphing Utility

3.7: Optimization Problems – guidelines for finding absolute extrema ,
Formulating Optimization Problems application involving several real life
problems

14 Page 16 of 100
ModuleIII (14 hrs)
(Integration)
4.1: Anti derivatives, Indefinite integrals, Basic Rules of Integration, a few
basic integration formulas and rules of integration, Differential Equations,
Initial Value Problems

4.3: Area An Intuitive Look, The Area Problem, Defining the Area of the
Region Under the Graph of a Function technique of approximation [‘Sigma
Notation’ and ‘Summation Formulas’ Omitted ] An Intuitive Look at Area
(Continued), Defining the Area of the Region Under the Graph of a
Functionprecise definition , Area and Distance

4.4: The Definite Integral Definition of the Definite Integral, Geometric
Interpretation of the Definite Integral, The Definite Integral and
Displacement, Properties of the Definite Integral , More General Definition
of the Definite Integral

4.5: The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus How Are Differentiation and
Integration Related?, The Mean Value Theorem for Definite Integrals, The
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus: Part I, inverse relationship between
differentiation and integration, Fundamental Theorem of Calculus: Part 2,
Evaluating Definite Integrals Using Substitution, Definite Integrals of Odd
and Even Functions, The Definite Integral as a Measure of Net Change
ModuleIV (13 hrs)

( Applications of Definite Integral )
5.1: Areas between Curves A Real Life Interpretation, The Area Between
Two Curves, Integrating with Respect to 𝑦 adapting to the shape of the region,
What Happens When the Curves Intertwine?

5.2: Volume – Solids of revolution, Volume by Disk Method, Region revolved
about the xaxis, Region revolved about the yaxis , Volume by the Method of
Cross Sections [‘ Washer Method’ omitted]

5.4: Arc Length and Areas of surfaces of revolution Definition of Arc
Length, Length of a Smooth Curve, arc length formula, The Arc Length
Function, arc length differentials , Surfaces of Revolution, surface area as
surface of revolution,

5.5: WorkWork Done by a Constant Force, Work Done by a Variable Force,
Hook’s Law, Moving non rigid matter, Work done by an expanding gas

15 Page 17 of 100
5.7: Moments and Center of Mass Measures of Mass, Center of Mass of a
System on a Line, Center of Mass of a System in the Plane, Center of Mass of
Laminas [upto and including Example 3; rest of the section omitted]
References:
1 Joel Hass, Christopher Heil & Maurice D. Weir : Thomas’ Calculus(14/e)
Pearson (2018) ISBN 0134438981
2 Robert A Adams & Christopher Essex : Calculus Single Variable (8/e) Pearson
Education Canada (2013) ISBN: 0321877403
3 Jon Rogawski & Colin Adams : Calculus Early Transcendentals (3/e) W. H.
Freeman and Company(2015) ISBN: 1319116450
4 Anton, Bivens & Davis : Calculus Early Transcendentals (11/e) John Wiley &
Sons, Inc.(2016) ISBN: 1118883764
5 James Stewart : Calculus (8/e) Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning(2016) ISBN: 978
1285740621
6 Jerrold Marsden & Alan Weinstein : Calculus I and II (2/e) Springer Verlag NY
(1985) ISBN 0387909745 : ISBN 0387909753
16 Page 18 of 100
THIRD SEMESTER
MTS3 B03 CALCULUS OF SINGLE VARIABLE2
Using the idea of definite integral developed in previous semester, the natural logarithm
function is defined and its properties are examined. This allows us to define its inverse function
namely the natural exponential function and also the general exponential function. Exponential
functions model a wide variety of phenomenon of interest in science, engineering, mathematics and
economics. They arise naturally when we model the growth of a biological population, the spread of
a disease, the radioactive decay of atoms, and the study of heat transfer problems and so on. We
also consider certain combinations of exponential functions namely hyperbolic functions that also
arise very frequently in applications such as the study of shapes of cables hanging under their own
weight.
After this, the students are introduced to the idea of improper integrals, their convergence
and evaluation. This enables to study a related notion of convergence of a series, which is practically
done by applying several different tests such as integral test, comparison test and so on. As a special
case, a study on power series their region of convergence, differentiation and integration etc., is
also done.
A detailed study of plane and space curves is then taken up. The students get the idea of
parametrization of curves, they learn how to calculate the arc length, curvature etc. using
parametrization and also the area of surface of revolution of a parametrized plane curve. Students
are introduced into other coordinate systems which often simplify the equation of curves and
surfaces and the relationship between various coordinate systems are also taught. This enables
them to directly calculate the arc length and surface areas of revolution of a curve whose equation is
in polar form. At the end of the course, the students will be able to handle vectors in dealing with
the problems involving geometry of lines, curves, planes and surfaces in space and have acquired the
ability to sketch curves in plane and space given in vector valued form.
17 Page 19 of 100
Syllabus
Text Calculus: Soo T Tan Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning (2010 )

ISBN: 9780534465797
ModuleI (20 hrs)

(The Transcendental Functions)

6.1: The Natural logarithmic function definition, The Derivative of 𝑙𝑛 𝑥,
Laws of Logarithms, The Graph of the Natural Logarithmic Function, The
Derivatives of Logarithmic Functions, Logarithmic Differentiation,
Integration Involving Logarithmic Functions

6.2: Inverse FunctionsThe Inverse of a Function, The Graphs of Inverse
Functions, Which Functions have Inverses?, Finding the Inverse of a
Function, Continuity and Differentiability of Inverse Functions.

6.3: Exponential Functions The number 𝑒 , Defining the Natural
Exponential Function, properties, The Laws of Exponents, The Derivatives
of Exponential Functions, Integration of the Natural Exponential Function

6.4: General Exponential and Logarithmic Functions Exponential
Functions with Base 𝑎, laws of exponents, The Derivatives of 𝑎 𝑥 ,𝑎𝑢 , Graphs
of y= 𝑎 𝑥 , integrating 𝑎 𝑥 , Logarithmic Functions with Base 𝑎, change of base
formula, The Power Rule (General Form), The Derivatives of Logarithmic
Functions with Base 𝑎 , The Definition of the Number 𝑒 as a Limit
[ ‘Compound Interest’ omitted]

6.5: Inverse trigonometric functions definition, graph, inverse properties ,
Derivative of inverse trigonometric functions, Integration Involving Inverse
Trigonometric Functions

6.6: Hyperbolic functions The Graphs of the Hyperbolic Functions,
Hyperbolic Identities, Derivatives and Integrals of Hyperbolic Functions,
Inverse Hyperbolic Functions, representation in terms of logarithmic function ,
Derivatives of Inverse Hyperbolic Functions, An Application

6.7: Indeterminate forms and l’H𝑜̂pital rule motivation, The Indeterminate
0 ∞
Forms and , The Indeterminate Forms ∞ − ∞ and 0. ∞ , The
0 ∞
Indeterminate Forms 00 , ∞0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 1∞
18 Page 20 of 100
ModuleII (20 hrs)
(Infinite Sequences and Series)
7.6: Improper integrals – definition, Infinite Intervals of Integration,
Improper Integrals with Infinite Discontinuities, A Comparison Test for
Improper Integrals

9.1: Sequences definition, recursive definition, Limit of a Sequence, limit laws,
squeeze theorem, Bounded Monotonic Sequences, definition, monotone
convergence theorem (only statement; its proof omitted)

9.2: Series defining the sum, convergence and divergence , Geometric Series,
The Harmonic Series, The Divergence Test, Properties of Convergent Series

9.3: The Integral Test – investigation of convergence ,integral test, The 𝑝
Series, its convergence and divergence

9.4: The Comparison Test test series, The Comparison Test, The Limit
Comparison Test

9.5: Alternating Series definition, the alternating series test, its proof,
examples, Approximating the Sum of an Alternating Series by 𝑆𝑛

9.6: Absolute Convergence definition, conditionally convergent , The Ratio
Test, The Root Test, Summary of Tests for Convergence and Divergence of
Series, Rearrangement of Series
ModuleIII (20 hrs)

9.7: Power Series definition, Interval of Convergence, radius of convergence ,
Differentiation and Integration of Power Series

9.8: Taylor and Maclaurin Series definition, Taylor and Maclaurin series of
functions, Techniques for Finding Taylor Series

10.2: Plane Curves and Parametric Equations Why We Use Parametric
Equations, Sketching Curves Defined by Parametric Equations

10.3: The Calculus of parametric equations Tangent Lines to Curves
Defined by Parametric Equations, Horizontal and Vertical Tangents,
𝑑2 𝑦
Finding 2 from Parametric Equations, The Length of a Smooth Curve, The
𝑑𝑥
Area of a Surface of Revolution

19 Page 21 of 100
10.4: Polar coordinateThe Polar Coordinate System, Relationship Between
Polar and Rectangular Coordinates, Graphs of Polar Equations, Symmetry,
Tangent Lines to Graphs of Polar Equations

10.5:Areas and Arc Lengths in polar coordinatesAreas in Polar
Coordinates, area bounded by polar curves , Area Bounded by Two Graphs, Arc
Length in Polar Coordinates, Area of a Surface of Revolution, Points of
Intersection of Graphs in Polar Coordinates

ModuleIV (20 hrs)
11.5 : Lines and Planes in SpaceEquations of Lines in Space, parametric
equation, symmetric equation of a line, Equations of Planes in Space, standard
equation, Parallel and Orthogonal Planes, The Angle Between Two Planes,
The Distance Between a Point and a Plane

11.6: Surfaces in Space Traces, Cylinders, Quadric Surfaces, Ellipsoids,
Hyperboloids of One Sheet, Hyperboloids of Two Sheets, Cones, Paraboloids,
Hyperbolic Paraboloids

11.7: Cylindrical and Spherical CoordinatesThe Cylindrical Coordinate
System, converting cylindrical to rectangular and vice verse , The Spherical
Coordinate System, converting spherical to rectangular and vice verse,

12.1: Vector Valued functions and Space Curves definition of vector function,
Curves Defined by Vector Functions, [‘Example 7’ omitted] Limits and
Continuity

12.2:Differentiation and Integration of VectorValued Function The
Derivative of a Vector Function, HigherOrder Derivatives, Rules of
Differentiation, Integration of Vector Functions,

12.3: Arc length and Curvature Arc Length of a space curve, Smooth Curves,
Arc Length Parameter, arc length function, Curvature, formula for finding
curvature, Radius of Curvature,

12.4: Velocity and Acceleration Velocity, Acceleration, and Speed; Motion
of a Projectile

12.5: Tangential and Normal Components of Acceleration The Unit
Normal, principal unit normal vector , Tangential and Normal Components of
Acceleration [The subsections ‘ Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion ’, and ’
Derivation of Kepler’s First Law’ omitted ]
20 Page 22 of 100
References:
1 Joel Hass, Christopher Heil & Maurice D. Weir : Thomas’ Calculus
(14/e) Pearson(2018) ISBN 0134438981
2 Robert A Adams & Christopher Essex : Calculus Single Variable (8/e)
Pearson Education Canada (2013) ISBN: 0321877403
3 Jon Rogawski & Colin Adams : Calculus Early Transcendentals (3/e) W.
H. Freeman and Company(2015) ISBN: 1319116450
4 Anton, Bivens & Davis : Calculus Early Transcendentals (11/e) John Wiley
& Sons, Inc.(2016) ISBN: 1118883764
5 James Stewart : Calculus (8/e) Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning(2016) ISBN:
9781285740621
6 Jerrold Marsden & Alan Weinstein : Calculus I and II (2/e) Springer
Verlag NY(1985) ISBN 0387909745 : ISBN 0387909753
21 Page 23 of 100
FOURTH SEMESTER
MTS4 B04 LINEAR ALGEBRA

An introductory treatment of linear algebra with an aim to present the fundamentals in the
clearest possible way is intended here. Linear algebra is the study of linear systems of equations,
vector spaces, and linear transformations. Virtually every area of mathematics relies on or extends
the tools of linear algebra. Solving systems of linear equations is a basic tool of many mathematical
procedures used for solving problems in science and engineering. A number of methods for solving a
system of linear equations are discussed. In this process, the student will become competent to
perform matrix algebra and also to calculate the inverse and determinant of a matrix. Another
advantage is that the student will come to understand the modern view of a matrix as a linear
transformation. The discussion necessitates the introduction of central topic of linear algebra
namely the concept of a vector space. The familiarity of the students with planar vectors and their
algebraic properties under vector addition and scalar multiplication will make them realize that the
idea of a general vector space is in fact an abstraction of what they already know. Several examples
and general properties of vector spaces are studied. The idea of a subspace, spanning vectors, basis
and dimension are discussed and fundamental results in these areas are explored. This enables the
student to understand the relationship among the solutions of a given system of linear equations
and some important subspaces associated with the coefficient matrix of the system.
After this, some basic matrix transformations in the vector spaces ℝ 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ℝ3 ,having
interest in the field of computer graphics, engineering and physics are studied by specially
pinpointing to their geometric effect.
Just like choosing an appropriate coordinate system greatly simplifies a problem at our hand
as we usually see in analytic geometry and calculus, a right choice of the basis of the vector space ℝ 𝑛
greatly simplifies the analysis of a matrix operator on it. With this aim in mind, a study on
eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a given matrix (equivalently, that of the corresponding matrix
operator) is taken up. Practical method of finding out the eigenvalues from the characteristic
equation and the corresponding eigenvectors are also discussed. A bonus point achieved during this
process is a test for the invertibility of a square matrix. As diagonal matrices are the matrices with
simplest structure, the idea of diagonalization of a matrix (and hence the diagonalization of a matrix
operator) is introduced and students learn a few fundamental results involving diagonalization and
eigenvalues which enable them to check whether diagonalization is possible. They realise that there
are matrices that cannot be diagonalized and even learn to check it. Also they are taught a well
defined procedure for diagonalizing a given matrix, if this is actually the case. The topic is
progressed further to obtain the ultimate goal of spectral decomposition of a symmetric matrix. In
this process , students realise that every symmetric matrix is diagonalizable and that this
diagonalization can be done in a special way ie., by choosing an orthogonal matrix to perform the
diagonalization. This is known as orthogonal diagonalization. Students also learn that only
22 Page 24 of 100
symmetric matrices with real entries can be orthogonally diagonalized and using GramSchmidt
process a well defined procedure for writing such a diagonalization is also taught. In short, the
course gives the students an opportunity to learn the fundamentals of linear algebra by capturing
the ideas geometrically, by justifying them algebraically and by preparing them to apply it in several
different fields such as data communication, computer graphics, modelling etc.
Syllabus
Text Elementary Linear Algebra: Application Version(11/e) :Howard

Anton & Chris Rorres Wiley(2014) ISBN 9781118434413
ModuleI (17 hrs)

Systems of Linear Equations & Matrices :
1.1: Introduction to Systems of Linear Equations linear equation in 𝑛
variables, linear system of 𝑚 equations in 𝑛 variables, solution , Linear Systems in
Two and Three Unknowns, solution by geometric analysis , consistent and
inconsistent systems, linear system with no, one, and infinite number of
solutions, augmented matrix and elementary row operations

1.2: Gaussian elimination Considerations in Solving Linear Systems,
Echelon Forms, reduced row echelon form, Elimination Methods, Gauss–Jordan
elimination, Gaussian elimination , Homogeneous Linear Systems, Free
Variables, Free Variable Theorem for Homogeneous Systems, Gaussian
Elimination andBack Substitution, Some Facts about Echelon Forms

1.3: Matrices and Matrix operations Matrix Notation and Terminology, row
vector , column vector , square matrix of order n , Operations on Matrices ,
Partitioned Matrices, Matrix Multiplication by Columns and by Rows,
Matrix Products as Linear Combinations, linear combination of column
vectors, ColumnRow Expansion, Matrix Form of a Linear System, Transpose
of a Matrix, Trace of a Matrix

1.4: Inverses and algebraic properties of matrices Properties of Matrix
Addition and Scalar Multiplication, Properties of Matrix Multiplication, Zero
Matrices and Properties, Identity Matrices, Inverse of a Matrix, Properties of
Inverses, Solution of a Linear System by Matrix Inversion , Powers of a Matrix ,
Matrix Polynomials, Properties of the Transpose

1.5: Elementary matrices and a method for finding 𝐴 −1row equivalence,
elementary matrix, Row Operations by Matrix Multiplication, invertibility of
23 Page 25 of 100
elementary matrices, invertibility and equivalent statements, A Method for
Inverting Matrices, Inversion Algorithm, illustrations.

1.6: More on linear systems and invertible matrices Number of Solutions
of a Linear System, Solving Linear Systems by Matrix Inversion, Linear
Systems with a Common Coefficient Matrix, Properties of Invertible Matrices,
equivalent statements for unique solution of 𝐴𝑥 = 𝑏, determining consistency

1.7: Diagonal, Triangular and Symmetric matricesDiagonal Matrices,
Inverses and Powers of Diagonal Matrices, Triangular Matrices. Properties of
Triangular Matrices, Symmetric Matrices, algebraic properties of symmetric
matrices, Invertibility of Symmetric Matrices

1.8: Matrix transformation definition, Properties of Matrix Transformations,
standard matrix, A Procedure for Finding Standard Matrices

2.1: Determinants by cofactor expansion minors, cofactors, cofactor
expansion, Definition of a General Determinant, A Useful Technique for Evaluating 2
× 2 and 3 × 3 Determinants

2.2: Evaluating determinants by row reduction a few basic theorems,
elementary row operations and determinant, determinant of elementary matrices,
determinant by row reduction
ModuleII (18 hrs)

General Vector Spaces
4.1: Real vector space Vector Space Axioms, examples, Some Properties of
Vectors

4.2: Subspaces definition, criteria for a subset to be a subspace, examples,
Building Subspaces, linear combination, spanning , Solution Spaces of
Homogeneous Systems as subspace, The Linear Transformation Viewpoint ,
kernel, different set of vectors spanning the subspace .

4.3: Linear Independence Linear Independence and Dependence, illustrations ,
A Geometric Interpretation of Linear Independence , Wronskian, linear
independence using wronskian

4.4: Coordinates and basisCoordinate Systems in Linear Algebra, Basis for a
Vector Space, finite and infinite dimensional vector spaces, illustrations,
Coordinates Relative to a Basis, Uniqueness of Basis Representation

24 Page 26 of 100
4.5: Dimension Number of Vectors in a Basis , dimension, Some Fundamental
Theorems, dimension of subspaces,

ModuleIII (22 hrs)

4.6: Change of basis Coordinate Maps, Change of Basis, Transition Matrices,
Invertibility of Transition Matrices, An Efficient Method for Computing Transition
Matrices for ℝ𝑛 , Transition to the Standard Basis for ℝ 𝑛

4.7: Row space, Column space and Null space vector spaces associated
with matrices, consistency of linear system, Bases for Row Spaces, Column
Spaces, and Null Spaces, basis from row echelon form, Basis for the Column Space
of a Matrix, row equivalent matrices and relationship between basis for column
space, Bases Formed from Row and Column Vectors of a Matrix

4.8: Rank Nullity and Fundamental matrix spaces equality of dimensions of
row and column spaces, Rank and Nullity, Dimension Theorem for Matrices, The
Fundamental Spaces of a Matrix, rank of a matrix and its transpose, A Geometric
Link Between the Fundamental Spaces, orthogonal complement,, invertibility and
equivalent statements, Applications of Rank, Overdetermined and Underdetermined
Systems

4.9: Basic matrix transformations in 𝑅 2 and 𝑅 3 Reflection Operators,
Projection Operators, Rotation Operators, Rotations in ℝ 3 , Dilations and
Contractions, Expansions and Compressions, Shears, Orthogonal Projections onto
LinesThrough the Origin, Reflections About Lines Through the Origin

4.10: Properties of matrix transformation Compositions of Matrix
Transformations, OnetoOne Matrix Transformations, Kernel and Range,
fundamental relationship between invertibility of a matrix and its matrix
transformation, Inverse of a OnetoOne Matrix Operator
ModuleIV (23 hrs)
4.11: Geometry of matrix operators Transformations of Regions, Images of
Lines Under Matrix Operators, Geometry of Invertible Matrix Operators,
Elementary matrix and its matrix transformation, consequence

5.1: Eigen values and Eigen Vectors definition, Computing Eigenvalues and
Eigenvectors, characteristic equation, alternative ways of describing eigen values,
Finding Eigenvectors and Bases for Eigenspaces, Eigenvalues and Invertibility,
Eigenvalues of General Linear Transformations,

5.2: DiagonalizationThe Matrix Diagonalization Problem, linear independence of
eigen vectors and diagonalizability, Procedure for Diagonalizing a Matrix,
25 Page 27 of 100
Eigenvalues of Powers of a Matrix, Computing Powers of a Matrix, Geometric and
Algebraic Multiplicity

6.1: Inner Product – definition of General inner product , Euclidean inner
product (or the standard inner product) on ℝ 𝑛 , norm of a vector, properties (upto
and including theorem 6.1.1) , a few examples (only example7 and example 10)
[rest of the section omitted]

6.2: Angle and orthogonality in Inner product spaces only the definition of
orthogonality in a real inner product space (to be motivated by the relation
in the definition (3) of section 3.2) and examples(2),(3) and (4)

6.3: Gram–Schmidt Process definition of Orthogonal and Orthonormal Sets,
examples,linear independence of orthogonal set, orthonormal basis,
Coordinates Relative to Orthonormal Bases [‘Orthogonal Projections’ omitted]
The Gram–Schmidt Process [only statement of Theorem 6.3.5 and the step by
step construction technique are required; derivation omitted], illustrations
examples 8 and 9, Extending Orthonormal Sets to Orthonormal Bases [rest
of the section omitted]

7.1: Orthogonal Matrices definition, characterisation of orthogonal matrices,
properties of orthogonal matrices, Orthogonal Matrices as Linear Operators, a
geometric interpretation [ rest of the section omitted]

7.2: Orthogonal Diagonalization The Orthogonal Diagonalization Problem ,
Conditions for Orthogonal Diagonalizability , Properties of Symmetric
Matrices, Procedure for Orthogonally Diagonalizing an n × n Symmetric Matrix,
Spectral Decomposition (upto and including example2) [rest of the section
omitted]
References:
1 Jim DeFranza, Daniel Gagliardi: Introduction to Linear Algebra with
Applications Waveland Press, Inc(2015)ISBN: 1478627778
2 Otto Bretscher: Linear Algebra with Applications(5/e) Pearson Education,
Inc (2013) ISBN: 0321796977
3 Ron Larson, Edwards, David C Falvo : Elementary Linear Algebra(6/e)
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company(2009) ISBN: 0618783768
4 David C. Lay, Steven R. Lay, Judi J. McDonald: Linear Algebra and its
Application (5/e) Pearson Education, Inc(2016) ISBN: 032198238X
5 Martin Anthony, Michele Harvey: Linear Algebra: Concepts and
Methods Cambridge University Press(2012) ISBN: 9780521279482
6 Jeffrey Holt: Linear Algebra with Applications W. H. Freeman and
Company (2013) ISBN: 0716786672
26 Page 28 of 100
MTS5 B05 ABSTRACT ALGEBRA
The brilliant mathematician Evariste Galois developed an entire theory that connected
the solvability by radicals of a polynomial equation with the permutation group of its roots. The
theory now known as Galois theory solves the famous problem of insolvability of quintic. A
study on symmetric functions now becomes inevitable. One can now observe the connection
emerging between classical algebra and modern algebra. The last three modules are therefore
devoted to the discussion on basic ideas and results of abstract algebra. Students understand the
abstract notion of a group, learn several examples, are taught to check whether an algebraic
system forms a group or not and are introduced to some fundamental results of group theory.
The idea of structural similarity, the notion of cyclic group, permutation group , various
examples and very fundamental results in the areas are also explored.
Syllabus
Text Abstract Algebra(3/e): John A Beachy and William D Blair Waveland Press,
Inc.(2006) ISBN: 1-57766-443-4
Module- I (15 hrs)
1.4: Integers modulo n - congruence class modulo n, addition and multiplication, divisor of
zero, multiplicative inverse
2.2: Equivalence relations-basic idea, definition, equivalence class, factor set, partition and
equivalence relation, examples and illustrations
2.3: Permutations- definition, cycles, product of cycles, permutation as product of disjoint

cycles, order of cycles, transposition, even and odd transpositions
Module- II (25 hrs)
3.1: Definition of Group-binary operation, uniqueness of identity and inverse, definition and
examples of groups, properties, Abelian group, finite and infinite groups, general linear
groups
3.2: Subgroups-the notion of subgroup, examples, conditions for a subgroup, cyclic

subgroups, order of an element, Lagrange theorem, Euler’s theorem
27 Page 29 of 100
3.3: Constructing examples- groups with order upto 6, multiplication table, product of
subgroups, direct products, Klein four group as direct product, subgroup generated by a subset
3.4: Isomorphism – definition, consequences, structural properties, method of showing that

groups are not isomorphic, isomorphic and non isomorphic groups.
Module- III (25 hrs)
3.5: Cyclic groups- subgroups of cyclic groups, characterisation, generators of a finite cyclic
group, structure theorem for finite cyclic group, exponent of a group, characterisation of
cyclic groups among finite abelian groups.
3.6: Permutation groups- definition, Cayley’s theorem, rigid motions of n-gons, dihedral
group, alternating group
3.7: Homomorphism - basic idea, examples, definition, properties, kernel, normal subgroups,
subgroups related via homomorphism
3.8: Cosets- left and right cosets, normal subgroups and factor groups, fundamental
homomorphism theorem, simple groups, examples and illustrations of concepts
Module- IV (15 hrs)
7.1: (Structure of Groups) Isomorphism theorems; Automorphism- first isomorphism

theorem, second isomorphism theorem, inner automorphism
5.1: Commutative Rings ; Integral Domains- definition, examples, subring, criteria to be a

subring, divisor of zero, integral domain, finite integral domain.
References:
1 Joseph A. Gallian : Contemporary Abstract Algebra(9/e) Cengage Learning,
Boston(2017) ISBN: 978-1-305-65796-0
2 John B Fraleigh : A First Course in Abstract Algebra(7/e) Pearson Education LPE (2003)
ISBN 978-81-7758-900-9
3 David Steven Dummit, Richard M. Foote: Abstract Algebra(3/e) Wiley, (2004) ISBN:
8126532289
4 Linda Gilbert and Jimmie Gilbert: Elements of Modern Algebra (8/e) Cengage Learning,
Stamford(2015) ISBN: 1-285-46323-4
5 John R. Durbin : Modern Algebra: An Introduction(6/e) Wiley(2015) ISBN: 1118117611
6 Jeffrey Bergen: A Concrete Approach to Abstract Algebra- From the integers to
Insolvability of Quintic Academic Pres [Elsever](2010 )ISBN: 978-0- 12-374941-3
28 Page 30 of 100
MTS5 B06 BASIC ANALYSIS
In this course, basic ideas and methods of real and complex analysis are taught. Real analysis
is a theoretical version of single variable calculus. So many familiar concepts of calculus are
reintroduced but at a much deeper and more rigorous level than in a calculus course. At the same
time there are concepts and results that are new and not studied in the calculus course but very
much needed in more advanced courses. The aim is to provide students with a level of
mathematical sophistication that will prepare them for further work in mathematical analysis and
other fields of knowledge, and also to develop their ability to analyse and prove statements of
mathematics using logical arguments. The course will enable the students
 to learn and deduce rigorously many properties of real number system by assuming a
few fundamental facts about it as axioms. In particular they will learn to prove Archimedean
property, density theorem, existence of a positive square root for positive numbers and so on
and the learning will help them to appreciate the beauty of logical arguments and embolden
them to apply it in similar and unknown problems.
 to know about sequences ,their limits, several basic and important theorems involving
sequences and their applications . For example, they will learn how monotone convergence
theorem can be used in establishing the divergence of the harmonic series, how it helps in the
calculation of square root of positive numbers and how it establishes the existence of the
transcendental number e (Euler constant).
 to understand some basic topological properties of real number system such as the
concept of open and closed sets, their properties, their characterization and so on.
 to get a rigorous introduction to algebraic, geometric and topological structures of

complex number system, functions of complex variable, their limit and continuity and so on.
Rich use of geometry, comparison between real and complex calculus-areas where they agree
and where they differ, the study of mapping properties of a few important complex functions
exploring the underlying geometry etc. will demystify student’s belief that complex variable
theory is incomprehensible.c
29 Page 31 of 100
Syllabus
Text (1) Introduction to Real Analysis(4/e) : Robert G Bartle, Donald R Sherbert John
Wiley & Sons (2011) ISBN 978-0-471-43331-6
Text (2) Complex Analysis A First Course with Applications (3/e): Dennis Zill & Patric
Shanahan Jones and Bartlett Learning(2015) ISBN:1-4496-9461-6

ourse, basic ideas and methods of real and complex analysis In this
1.3: Finite and Infinite Sets-definition, countable sets, denumerability of ℚ, union of countable
sets, cantor’s theorem
2.1: The Algebraic and Order Properties of ℝ - algebraic properties, basic results, rational and - algebraic properties, basic results, rational and
irrational numbers, irrationality of √2, Order properties, arithmetic-geometric inequality,
Bernoulli’s Inequality
2.2: Absolute Value and the Real Line- definition, basic results, Triangle Inequality, The real
line, ε-neighborhood
2.3: The Completeness Property of ℝ - algebraic properties, basic results, rational and-Suprema and Infima, alternate formulations for the
supremum, The Completeness Property
2.4: Applications of the Supremum Property- The Archimedean Property, various

consequences, Existence of √2, Density of Rational Numbers in ℝ - algebraic properties, basic results, rational and, The Density Theorem,
density of irrationals
2.5: Intervals-definition, Characterization of Intervals, Nested Intervals, Nested Intervals

Property, The Uncountability of ℝ - algebraic properties, basic results, rational and, [binary, decimal and periodic representations omitted]
Cantor’s Second Proof.
3.1: Sequences and Their Limits- definitions, convergent and divergent sequences, Tails of
Sequences, Examples
3.2: Limit Theorems- sum, difference, product and quotients of sequences, Squeeze Theorem,
ratio test for convergence
3.3: Monotone Sequences-definition, monotone convergence theorem, divergence of harmonic

series, calculation of square root, Euler’s number
30 Page 32 of 100
3.4: Subsequences and the Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem- definition, limit of subsequences,

divergence criteria using subsequence, The Existence of Monotone Subsequences, monotone
subsequence theorem, The Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem, Limit Superior and Limit Inferior
3.5: The Cauchy Criterion- Cauchy sequence, Cauchy Convergence Criterion, applications,
contractive sequence
3.6: Properly divergent sequences-definition, examples, properly divergent monotone

sequences, ‘‘comparison theorem’’, ‘‘limit comparison theorem’’
11.1: Open and Closed sets in ℝ - algebraic properties, basic results, rational and, neighborhood, open sets, closed sets, open set properties,
closed set properties, Characterization of Closed Sets, cluster point, Characterization of Open
Sets, The Cantor Set, properties
Module- IV Text (2) (21 hrs)
1.1: Complex numbers and their properties- definition, arithmetic operations, conjugate,
inverses, reciprocal
1.2: Complex Plane- vector representation, modulus, properties, triangle inequality
1.3: Polar form of complex numbers- polar representation, principal argument, multiplication
and division, argument of product and quotient, integer powers, de Moivre’s formula.
1.4: Powers and roots- roots, principal nth root
1.5: Sets of points in the complex plane- circles, disks and neighbourhoods, open sets, annulus,
domains, regions, bounded sets
2.1: Complex Functions- definition, real and imaginary parts of complex function, complex
exponential function, exponential form of a complex number, Polar Coordinates
2.2: Complex Functions as mappings- complex mapping, illustrations, Parametric curves in

complex planes, common parametric curves, image of parametric curves under complex
mapping [ The subsection ‘Use of Computers’ omitted]
2.3: Linear Mappings- Translations, Rotations, Magnifications, general linear mapping,

image of geometric shapes under linear map.
2.4: Special Power functions- The power function z n, The power function z(1/n), principal
square root function, Inverse Functions, multiple valued functions
31 Page 33 of 100
References:
Charles G. Denlinger: Elements of Real Analysis Jones and Bartlett Publishers Sudbury,
1
Massachusetts (2011) ISBN:0-7637-7947-4 [ Indian edition: ISBN- 9380853157]
David Alexander Brannan: A First Course in Mathematical Analysis Cambridge
2
University Press,US(2006) ISBN: 9780521684248
John M. Howie: Real Analysis Springer Science & Business Media(2012) [Springer
3
Undergraduate Mathematics Series] ISBN: 1447103416
James S. Howland: Basic Real Analysis Jones and Bartlett Publishers Sudbury,
4
Massachusetts (2010) ISBN:0-7637-7318-2
James Ward Brown, Ruel Vance Churchill: Complex variables and applications(8/e)
5
McGraw-Hill Higher Education, (2009) ISBN: 0073051942
Alan Jeffrey: Complex Analysis and Applications(2/e) Chapman and Hall/CRC Taylor
6
Francis Group(2006)ISBN:978-1-58488-553-5
Saminathan Ponnusamy, Herb Silverman: Complex Variables with Applications
7
Birkhauser Boston(2006) ISBN:0-8176-4457-4
Terence Tao: Analysis I & II (3/e) TRIM 37 & 38 Springer Science+Business Media
8 Singapore 2016; Hindustan book agency(2015) ISBN 978-981-10-1789-6 (eBook) &
ISBN 978-981-10-1804-6 (eBook)
Ajith Kumar & S Kumaresan : A Basic Course in Real Analysis CRC Press, Taylor &
9
Francis Group(2014) ISBN: 978-1-4822-1638-7 (eBook – PDF)
Hugo D Junghenn : A Course in Real Analysis CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group
10
(2015) ISBN: 978-1-4822-1928-9 (eBook - PDF)
32 Page 34 of 100
FIFTH SEMESTER
MTS5 B07 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS

The goal of numerical analysis is to provide techniques and algorithms to find approximate
numerical solution to problems in several areas of mathematics where it is impossible or hard to find
the actual/closed form solution by analytical methods and also to make an error analysis to ascertain
the accuracy of the approximate solution. The subject addresses a variety of questions ranging from
the approximation of functions and integrals to the approximate solution of algebraic,
transcendental, differential and integral equations, with particular emphasis on the stability,
accuracy, efficiency and reliability of numerical algorithms. The course enables the students to
 Understand several methods such as bisection method, fixed point iteration method, regula
falsi method etc. to find out the approximate numerical solutions of algebraic and
transcendental equations with desired accuracy.
 Understand the concept of interpolation and also learn some well known interpolation
techniques.
 Understand a few techniques for numerical differentiation and integration and also realize
their merits and demerits.
 Find out numerical approximations to solutions of initial value problems and also to
understand the efficiency of various methods.
33 Page 35 of 100
Syllabus
Text Numerical Analysis (10/e): Richard L. Burden, J Douglas Faires,

Annette M. Burden Brooks Cole Cengage Learning(2016)
ISBN:9781305253667
ModuleI (28 hrs)

Solutions of Equations in One Variable
Note: Students should be familiar with concepts and definitions such as
‘round off error’, rate of convergence ‘ etc. discussed in sections 1.2 and 1.3
Introduction
2.1: The Bisection Method
2.2: FixedPoint Iteration
2.3: Newton’s Method and Its Extensions Newton’s Method (Newton
Raphson method), Convergence using Newton’s Method, The Secant Method,
The Method of False Position
2.4: Error Analysis for Iterative Methods Order of Convergence, linear and
quadratic convergence, Multiple Roots, Modified Newton’s method for faster
convergence
[Algorithms are omitted]

Interpolation and Polynomial Approximation
Introduction
3.1: Interpolation and the Lagrange Polynomial motivation, Lagrange

Interpolating Polynomials, error bound
3.2: Data Approximation and Neville’s Method motivation, Neville’s Method,

recursive method to generate Lagrange polynomial approximations .
3.3: Divided Differences 𝑘 𝑡ℎ divided difference, Newton’s divided difference

formula, Forward Differences, Newton ForwardDifference Formula,
Backward Differences, Newton Backward–Difference Formula, Centered
Differences, Stirling’s formula.
34 Page 36 of 100
ModuleII (18 hrs)
Numerical Differentiation and Integration
Introduction
4.1: Numerical Differentiation approximation of first derivative by forward
difference formula, backward difference formula, ThreePoint Formulas, Three
Point Endpoint Formula, ThreePoint Midpoint Formula [ FivePoint Formulas,
FivePoint Endpoint Formula, FivePoint Midpoint Formula omitted] Second
Derivative Midpoint Formula to approximate second derivative, RoundOff
Error Instability

4.3:Elements of Numerical Integration numerical quadrature, The
Trapezoidal Rule, Simpson’s Rule, Measuring Precision, Closed Newton
Cotes Formulas, Simpson’s ThreeEighths rule, Open NewtonCotes
Formulas

4.4: Composite Numerical Integrationcomposite Simpson’s rule, composite
trapezoidal rule, composite midpoint rule, round off error stability

4.7:Gaussian Quadraturemotivation, Legendre Polynomial, Gaussian
Quadrature on Arbitrary Intervals

ModuleIII (18 hrs)
InitialValue Problems for Ordinary Differential Equations
Introduction
5.1 The Elementary Theory of InitialValue Problems

5.2: Euler’s Method derivation using Taylor formula, Error bounds for Euler
Method

5.3: HigherOrder Taylor Methods local truncation error , Taylor method of
order n and order of local truncation error

5.4: RungeKutta Methods only Mid Point Method, Modified Euler’s Method
and RungeKutta Method of Order Four are required. [derivation of formula
omitted in each case]

5.6: Multistep Methods basic idea, definition , AdamsBashforth TwoStep
Explicit Method, AdamsBashforth ThreeStep Explicit Method, Adams
Bashforth FourStep Explicit Method, AdamsMoulton TwoStep Implicit
Method, AdamsMoulton ThreeStep Implicit Method, AdamsMoulton
35 Page 37 of 100
FourStep Implicit Method, PredictorCorrector Methods [derivation of
formula omitted in each case] [Algorithms are omitted]
References:
1 Kendall E. Atkinson, Weimin Han: Elementary Numerical Analysis(3/e)
John Wiley & Sons(2004) ISBN:0471433373[Indian Edition by Wiley India ISBN:
9788126508020]
2 James F. Epperson: An Introduction to Numerical Methods and
Analysis(2/e) John Wiley & Sons(2013)ISBN: 9781118367599
3 Timothy Sauer: Numerical Analysis(2/e) Pearson (2012) ISBN: 0321
783670
4 S S Sastri : Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis(5/e) PHI
Learning Pvt. Ltd.(2012) ISBN:9788120345928
5 Ward Cheney,David Kincaid : Numerical Mathematics and Computing
(6/e) Thomson Brooks/Cole(2008) ISBN: 495114758
36 Page 38 of 100
FIFTH SEMESTER
MTS5 B08 LINEAR PROGRAMMING

Linear programming problems are having wide applications in mathematics, statistics, computer
science, economics, and in many social and managerial sciences. For mathematicians it is a sort of
mathematical modelling process, for statisticians and economists it is useful for planning many
economic activities such as transport of raw materials and finished products from one place to
another with minimum cost and for military heads it is useful for scheduling the training activities
and deployment of army personnel. The emphasis of this course is on nurturing the linear
programming skills of students via. the algorithmic solution of smallscale problems, both in the
general sense and in the specific applications where these problems naturally occur. On successful
completion of this course, the students will be able to
 solve linear programming problems geometrically

 understand the drawbacks of geometric methods
 solve LP problems more effectively using Simplex algorithm via. the use of condensed
tableau of A.W. Tucker
 convert certain related problems, not directly solvable by simplex method, into a form that
can be attacked by simplex method.
 understand duality theory, a theory that establishes relationships between linear
programming problems of maximization and minimization
 understand game theory
 solve transportation and assignment problems by algorithms that take advantage of the
simpler nature of these problems
37 Page 39 of 100
Syllabus
Text Linear Programming and Its Applications: James K. Strayer Under

graduate Texts in Mathematics Springer (1989) ISBN: 9781461269823
ModuleI (16 hrs)

Chapter1 Geometric Linear Programming: Profit Maximization and Cost
Minimization, typical motivating examples , mathematical formulation , Canonical
Forms for Linear Programming Problems, objective functions, constraint set,
feasible solution, optimal solution , Polyhedral Convex Sets, convex set, extreme
point, theorems asserting existence of optimal solutions, The Two Examples
Revisited, graphical solutions to the problems , A Geometric Method for Linear
Programming, the difficulty in the method, Concluding Remarks
Chapter2 The Simplex Algorithm: Canonical Slack Forms for Linear
Programming Problems; Tucker Tableaus, slack variables, Tucker tableaus ,
independent variables or non basic variables, dependent variables or basic
variables, .An Example: Profit Maximization, method of solving a typical
canonical maximization problem , The Pivot Transformation, The Pivot
Transformation for Maximum and Minimum Tableaus, An Example: Cost
Minimization, method of solving a typical canonical minimization problem , The
Simplex Algorithm for Maximum Basic Feasible Tableaus, The Simplex
Algorithm for Maximum Tableaus, Negative Transposition ; The Simplex
Algorithm for Minimum Tableaus, Cycling, Simplex Algorithm Anti cycling
Rules, Concluding Remarks
ModuleII (14 hrs)

Chapter3 Noncanonical Linear Programming Problems: Unconstrained
Variables, Equations of Constraint, Concluding Remarks
Chapter 4 : Duality Theory : Duality in Canonical Tableaus, The Dual

Simplex Algorithm, The Dual Simplex Algorithm for Minimum Tableaus, The
Dual Simplex Algorithm for Maximum Tableaus, Matrix Formulation of
Canonical Tableaus ,The Duality Equation, Duality in Noncanonical
Tableaus, Concluding Remarks
ModuleIII (18 hrs)

Chapter 5 Matrix Games: An Example; TwoPerson ZeroSum Matrix
Games, Domination in a Matrix Game , Linear Programming Formulation of
Matrix Games, The Von Neumann Minimax Theorem, The Example
Revisited, Two More Examples, Concluding Remarks
38 Page 40 of 100
Chapter 6 Transportation and Assignment Problems : The Balanced
Transportation Problem, The Vogel AdvancedStart Method (VAM), The
Transportation Algorithm, Another Example, Unbalanced Transportation
Problems, The Assignment Problem, The Hungarian Algorithm, Concluding
Remarks, The MinimumEntry Method, The NorthwestCorner Method
References:
1 RobertJ.Vanderbei:LinearProgramming:Foundations and Extensions
(2/e) Springer Science+Business Media LLC(2001) ISBN: 97814757
56647
2 Frederick S Hiller, Gerald J Lieberman: Introduction to Operation
Research(10/e) McGrawHill Education, 2 Penn Plaza, New York(2015)ISBN:
9780073523453
3 Paul R. Thie, G. E. Keough : An Introduction to Linear Programming and
Game Theory(3/e) John Wiley and Sons,Ins.(2008)ISBN: 9780470232866
4 Louis Brickman: Mathematical Introduction to Linear Programming
and Game Theory UTM,Springer Verlag,NY(1989)ISBN:0387969314
5 Jiri Matoušek, Bernd Gartner: Understanding and Using Linear
Programming Universitext, SpringerVerlag Berlin Heidelberg (2007)ISBN:
9783540306979
39 Page 41 of 100
MTS5 B09 INTRODUCTION TO GEOMETRY AND
THEORY OF EQUATIONS
Geometry
Geometry is, basically, the study concerned with questions of shape, size, and relative
position of planar and spatial objects. The classical Greek geometry, also known as Euclidean
geometry after the work of Euclid, was once regarded as one of the highest points of rational
thought, contributing to the thinking skills of logic, deductive reasoning and skills in problem
solving.
In the early 17 th century, the works of Rene Descartes and Pierre de Fermat put the
foundation stones for the creation of analytic geometry where the idea of a coordinate system
was introduced to simplify the treatment of geometry and to solve a wide variety of geometric
problems.
Desargues, a contemporary of Descartes was fascinated towards the efforts of

artists/painters to give a realistic view of their art works/paintings usually done on a flat surface
such as canvas or paper. To get a realistic view of a three dimensional object/scene depicted on
a flat surface, a right impression of height, width, depth and position in relation to each other of
the objects in the scene is required. This idea is called perspective in art. If two artists make
perspective drawings of the same object, their drawings shall not be identical but there shall be
certain properties of these drawings that remain the same or that remain invariant. The study of
such invariant things crystallised into what is now called projective geometry. Now days, it
plays a major role in computer graphics and in the design of camera models.
Another development is the evolution of affine geometry. In simple terms, if we look at

the shadows of a rectangular window on the floor under sunlight, we could see the shadows not
in perfect rectangular form but often in the shape of a parallelogram. The size of shadows also
changes with respect to the position of the sun. Hence, neither length nor angle is invariant in
the transformation process. However, the opposite sides of the images are always parallel. So
this transformation keeps parallelism intact. The investigation of invariants of all shadows is
the basic problem of affine geometry.
Towards the end of nineteenth century, there were several different geometries:
Euclidean, affine, projective, inversive, spherical, hyperbolic, and elliptic to name a few. It was
the idea of Felix Klein to bring the study of all these different geometries into a single platform.
He viewed each geometry as a space together with a group of transformations of that space and
regarded those properties of figures left unaltered by the group as geometrical properties. In this
course, it is intended to take up a study of a few geometries based on the philosophy of Klein.
40 Page 42 of 100
Theory of equations
Theory of equations is an important part of traditional algebra course and it mainly deals
with polynomial equations and methods of finding their algebraic solution or solution by
radicals. This means we seek a formula for solutions of polynomial equations in terms of
coefficients of polynomials that involves only the operations of addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division and taking roots. A well knitted formula for the solution of a quadratic
polynomial equation is known to us from high school classes and is not difficult to derive.
However, there is an increasing difficulty to derive such a formula for polynomial equations of
third and fourth degree. One of our tasks in this learning process is to derive formulae for the
solutions of third and fourth degree polynomial equations given by Carden and Ferrari
respectively. In the mean time, we shall find out the relationship between the roots and
coefficients of an ntℎ degree polynomial and an upper and lower limit for the roots of such a
polynomial. This often help us to locate the region of solutions for a general polynomial
equation. Methods to find out integral and rational roots of a general n tℎ degree polynomial with
rational coefficients are also devised. However, all efforts to find out an algebraic solution for
general polynomial equations of degree higher than fourth failed or didn’t work. This was not
because one failed to hit upon the right idea, but rather due to the disturbing fact that there was
no such formula.
Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to
 Understand several basic facts about parabola, hyperbola and ellipse (conics) such as
their equation in standard form, focal length properties, and reflection properties, their tangents
and normal.
 Recognise and classify conics.
 Understand Kleinian view of Euclidean geometry.
 Understand affine transformations, the inherent group structure, the idea of parallel
projections and the basic properties of parallel projections.
 Understand the fundamental theorem of affine geometry.
 Learn to solve polynomial equations upto degree four.
41 Page 43 of 100
Syllabus
Text (1) Geometry(2/e): David A Brannan, Mathew F Espen, Jeremy J Gray Cambridge
University Press(2012) ISBN: 978-1-107-64783-1
Text (2) Theory of Equations : J V Uspensky McGraw Hill Book Company, Inc. (1948)
ISBN:07-066735-7
Conics
1.1.1: Conic Sections
1.1.3: Focus-Directrix Definition of the Non-Degenerate Conics- definition, parabola in

standard form, ellipse in standard form, hyperbola in standard form, Rectangular Hyperbola,
Polar Equation of a Conic
1.1.4: Focal Distance Properties of Ellipse and Hyperbola-Sum of Focal Distances of Ellipse,
Difference of Focal Distances of Hyperbola,
1.2: Properties of Conics- Tangents, equation of tangents to ellipse, hyperbola, and parabola,
polar of a point w.r.t. unit circle, normal, Reflections, The Reflection Law, Reflection Property
of the Ellipse, Reflection Property of the Hyperbola, Reflection Property of the Parabola,
Conics as envelopes of tangent families
1.3: Recognizing Conics- equation of conic in general form, identifying a conic
Affine Geometry
2.1: Geometry and Transformations - What is Euclidean Geometry? Isometry, Euclidean

properties, Euclidean transformation, Euclidean-Congruence
2.2: Affine Transformations and Parallel Projections- Affine Transformations, Basic Properties
of Affine Transformations, Parallel Projections, Basic Properties of Parallel Projections, Affine
Geometry, Midpoint Theorem, Conjugate Diameters Theorem, Affine Transformations and
Parallel Projections, affine transformations as composite of two parallel projections
2.3: Properties of Affine Transformations-Images of Sets Under Affine Transformations, The

Fundamental Theorem of Affine Geometry (without proof), Proofs of the Basic Properties of
Affine Transformations.
42 Page 44 of 100
Theory of Equations
Chapter II
II.3: Division of polynomials, quotient and remainder, method of detached coefficients
II.4: The remainder theorem
II.5: Synthetic Division
II.7: Taylor formula, expansion of a polynomial in powers of x − c
Chapter III
III. 1: Algebraic equations, roots, maximum number of roots
III.2: Identity theorem
III. 3: The Fundamental theorem of Algebra (statement only), factorisation to linear factors,
multiplicity of roots
III. 4: Imaginary roots of equations with real coefficients
III. 5: Relations between roots and coefficients
Chapter IV
IV.1: Limits of roots
IV.2: Method to find upper limit of positive roots
IV.3: Limit for moduli of roots [only the method to find out upper limit from the auxiliary
equation is required; derivation omitted]
IV.4: Integral roots
IV.5: Rational roots
Chapter V
V.1: What is the solution of an equation, algebraic solution or solution by radical
V.2: Carden’s formula
V.3: Discussion of solution
V.4: Irreducible case
V.6: Solutions of biquadratic equations, Ferrari method [example2 omitted]
Chapter VI
VI.1: Object of the Chapter
VI.2: The sign of a polynomial for small and large values of variables- locating roots of
polynomial between two numbers having values of opposite sign- geometric
illustration only-[rigorous reasoning in the starred section omitted]
43 Page 45 of 100
VI.4: Corollaries- roots of odd and even degree polynomial, number of roots in an interval
counted according to their multiplicity
VI.5: Examples
VI.6: An important identity and lemma [derivation not needed]
VI.7: Rolle’s theorem [proof omitted], use in separating roots
VI.10: Descarte’s rule of signs-only statement and illustrations are required
References:
George A Jennings: Modern Geometry with Applications Universitext, Springer (1994)
1
ISBN:0-387-94222-X
Walter Meyer: Geometry and its Application(2/e)Elsever, Academic Press(2006) ISBN:0-
2
12-369427-0
Judith N Cederberg : A Course in Modern Geometries(2/e) UTM,Springer (2001) ISBN:
3
978-1-4419-3193-1
Patric J Ryan: Euclidean and Non Euclidean Geometry-An Analytic ApproachCambridge
4
University Press, International Student Edition (2009) ISBN:978-0-521-12707-3
David C Kay: College Geometry: A Unified Approach CRC Press Tayloe and Francic
5
Group(2011) ISBN: 978-1-4398-1912-8 (Ebook-PDF)
James R Smart: Modern Geometries(5/e) Brooks/Cole Publishing Co.,(1998) ISBN:0-
6
534-35188-3
7 Michele Audin: Geometry Universitext, Springer(2003)ISBN:3-540-43498-4
8 Dickson L.E: Elementary Theory of Equations John Wiley and Sons,Inc. NY(1914)
9 Turnbull H.W: Theory of Equations(4/e) Oliver and Boyd Ltd Edinburg (1947)
Todhunter I: An Elementary Treatise on the Theory of Equations(3/e) Macmillan and Co.
10
London(1875)
William Snow Burnside and Arthur William Panton: The Theory of Equations with an
11
Introduction to Binary Algebraic Forms Dublin University Press Series (1881)
44 Page 46 of 100
SIXTH SEMESTER
MTS6 B10 REAL ANALYSIS

The course is built upon the foundation laid in Basic Analysis course of fifth
semester. The course thoroughly exposes one to the rigour and methods of an analysis course. One
has to understand definitions and theorems of text and study examples well to acquire skills in
various problem solving techniques. The course will teach one how to combine different definitions,
theorems and techniques to solve problems one has never seen before. One shall acquire ability to
realise when and how to apply a particular theorem and how to avoid common errors and pitfalls.
The course will prepare students to formulate and present the ideas of mathematics and to
communicate them elegantly.
On successful completion of the course, students will be able to
 State the definition of continuous functions, formulate sequential criteria for continuity and
prove or disprove continuity of functions using this criteria.
 Understand several deep and fundamental results of continuous functions on intervals such
as boundedness theorem, maximumminimum theorem, intermediate value theorem,
preservation of interval theorem and so on.
 Realise the difference between continuity and uniform continuity and equivalence of these
ideas for functions on closed and bounded interval.
 Understand the significance of uniform continuity in continuous extension theorem.
 Develop the notion of Riemann integrability of a function using the idea of tagged partitions
and calculate the integral value of some simple functions using the definition.
 Understand a few basic and fundamental results of integration theory.
 Formulate Cauchy criteria for integrability and a few applications of it. In particular they
learn to use Cauchy criteria in proving the non integrability of certain functions.
 Understand classes of functions that are always integrable
 Understand two forms of fundamental theorem of calculus and their significance in the
practical problem of evaluation of an integral.
 Find a justification for ‘change of variable formula’ used in the practical problem of
evaluation of an integral.
 Prove convergence and divergence of sequences of functions and series
45 Page 47 of 100
 Understand the difference between pointwise and uniform convergence of sequences and
series of functions
 Answer a few questions related to interchange of limits.
 Learn and find out examples/counter examples to prove or disprove the validity of several
mathematical statements that arise naturally in the process/context of learning.
 Understand the notion of improper integrals, their convergence, principal value and
evaluation.
 Learn the properties of and relationship among two important improper integrals namely
beta and gamma functions that frequently appear in mathematics, statistics, science and
engineering.
46 Page 48 of 100
Syllabus
Text(1) Introduction to Real Analysis(4/e) : Robert G Bartle, Donald R

Sherbert John Wiley & Sons(2011) ISBN 9780471433316
Text(2) Improper Riemann Integrals: Ioannis M. Roussos CRC Press by
Taylor & Francis Group, LLC(2014) ISBN: 9781466588080 (eBook
PDF)
ModuleI Text(1) (18 hrs)

5.1: Continuous Functions definition, sequential criteria for continuity,
discontinuity criteria, examples of continuous and discontinuous functions,
Dirichlet and Thomae function
5.3: Continuous Functions on Intervals Boundedness Theorem, The

MaximumMinimum Theorem, Location of Roots Theorem, Bolzano’s
Intermediate Value Theorem, Preservation of Intervals Theorem

5.4: Uniform Continuity definition, illustration , Nonuniform Continuity
Criteria, Uniform Continuity Theorem, Lipschitz Functions, Uniform
Continuity of Lipschitz Functions, converse, The Continuous Extension
Theorem, Approximation by step functions & piecewise linear functions ,
Weierstrass Approximation Theorem (only statement)
ModuleII Text(1) (22 hrs)

7.1: Riemann Integral –Partitions and Tagged Partitions , Riemann sum,
Riemann integrability, examples , Some Properties of the Integral , Boundedness
Theorem

7.2: Riemann Integrable FunctionsCauchy Criterion, illustrations , The
Squeeze Theorem, Classes of Riemann Integrable Functions , integrability of
continuous and monotone functions , The Additivity Theorem

7.3: The Fundamental TheoremThe Fundamental Theorem (First Form),
The Fundamental Theorem (Second Form), , Substitution Theorem,
Lebesgue’s lntegrability Criterion , Composition Theorem, The Product Theorem ,
Integration by Parts, Taylor’s Theorem with the Remainder
ModuleIII Text(1) (17 hrs)

8.1: Pointwise and Uniform Convergence definition, illustrations, The
Uniform Norm, Cauchy Criterion for Uniform Convergence

47 Page 49 of 100
8.2: Interchange of Limits examples leading to the idea, Interchange of Limit
and Continuity, Interchange of Limit and Derivative [only statement of
theorem 8.2.3 required; proof omitted] Interchange of Limit and Integral ,
Bounded convergence theorem(statement only) [8.2.6 Dini’s theorem
omitted]

9.4: Series of Functions – (A quick review of series of real numbers of section
3.7 without proof) definition, sequence of partial sum, convergence, absolute and
uniform convergence , Tests for Uniform Convergence , Weierstrass MTest
(only upto and including 9.4.6)
ModuleIV Text(2) (23 hrs)

Improper Riemann Integrals
1.1: Definitions and Examples
1.2: Cauchy Principal Value
1.3: Some Criteria of Existence
2.1: Calculus Techniques [‘2.1.1 Applications’ Omitted]
2.2: Integrals Dependent on Parameters upto and including example 2.2.4
2.6: The Real Gamma and Beta Functions upto and including Example
2.6.18
References:
1 Charles G. Denlinger: Elements of Real Analysis Jones and Bartlett
Publishers Sudbury, Massachusetts (2011) ISBN:0763779474 [ Indian edition:
ISBN 9380853157]
2 David Alexander Brannan: A First Course in Mathematical Analysis
Cambridge University Press,US(2006) ISBN: 9780521684248
3 John M. Howie: Real Analysis Springer Science & Business
Media(2012)[Springer Undergraduate Mathematics Series] ISBN: 1447103416
4 James S. Howland: Basic Real Analysis Jones and Bartlett Publishers Sudbury,
Massachusetts (2010) ISBN:0763773182
5 Terence Tao: Analysis I & II (3/e) TRIM 37 & 38 Springer Science+Business
Media Singapore 2016; Hindustan book agency(2015) ISBN 9789811017896
(eBook) & ISBN 9789811018046 (eBook)
6 Richard R Goldberg: Methods of Real Analysis Oxford and IBH Publishing
Co.Pvt.Ltd. NewDelhi(1970)
7 Saminathan Ponnusamy: Foundations of Mathematical Analysis
Birkhauser(2012) ISBN 9780817682910
8 William F Trench: Introduction to Real Analysis ISBN 0130457868
9 Ajith Kumar & S Kumaresan : A Basic Course in Real Analysis CRC Press,
Taylor & Francis Group(2014) ISBN: 9781482216387 (eBook PDF)
10 Hugo D Junghenn : A Course in Real Analysis CRC Press, Taylor & Francis
Group(2015) ISBN: 9781482219289 (eBook PDF)
48 Page 50 of 100
MTS6 B11 COMPLEX ANALYSIS
The course is aimed to provide a thorough understanding of complex function theory. It is

intended to develop the topics in a fashion analogous to the calculus of real functions. At the
same time differences in both theories are clearly emphasised. When real numbers are replaced
by complex numbers in the definition of derivative of a function, the resulting complex
differentiable functions (more precisely analytic functions) turn out to have many remarkable
properties not possessed by their real analogues. These functions have numerous applications in
several areas of mathematics such as differential equations, number theory etc. and also in
science and engineering. The focus of the course is on the study of analytic functions and their
basic behaviour with respect to the theory of complex calculus.
The course enables students
 to understand the difference between differentiability and analyticity of a complex

function and construct examples.
 to understand necessary and sufficient condition for checking analyticity.
 to know of harmonic functions and their connection with analytic functions
 to know a few elementary analytic functions of complex analysis and their properties.
 to understand definition of complex integral, its properties and evaluation.
 to know a few fundamental results on contour integration theory such as Cauchy’s
theorem,
Cauchy-Goursat theorem and their applications.
 to understand and apply Cauchy’s integral formula and a few consequences of it such as
Liouville’s theorem, Morera’s theorem and so forth in various situations.
 to see the application of Cauchy’s integral formula in the derivation of power series
expansion of an analytic function.
 to know a more general type of series expansion analogous to power series expansion
viz.
Laurent’s series expansion for functions having singularity.
 to understand how Laurent’s series expansion lead to the concept of residue, which in
turn provide another fruitful way to evaluate complex integrals and, in some cases, even real
integrals.
 to see another application of residue theory in locating the region of zeros of an analytic
function.
49 Page 51 of 100
Syllabus
Text Complex Analysis A First Course with Applications (3/e): Dennis Zill & Patric
Shanahan Jones and Bartlett Learning(2015)ISBN:1- 4496-9461-6
Module- I (25 hrs)
Analytic FunctionsSIXTH SEMESTER

3.1: Limit and Continuity- Limit of a complex function, condition for non existence of limit,
real and imaginary parts of limit, properties of complex limits, continuity, discontinuity of
principal square root function, properties of continuous functions, continuity of polynomial
and rational functions, Bounded Functions, Branches, Branch Cuts and Points
3.2: Differentiability and Analyticity – Derivative of a complex Function, rules of

differentiation, function that is nowhere differentiable, Analytic functions, entire functions,
singular points, Analyticity of sum product and quotient, L’Hospital rule
3.3: Cauchy Riemann Equations- Necessary condition for analyticity, Criterion for non
analyticity, sufficient condition for analyticity, sufficient condition for differentiability,
Cauchy Riemann equations in polar coordinates
3.4: Harmonic Functions- definition, analyticity and harmonic nature, harmonic conjugate
functions, finding harmonic conjugate
Elementary Functions
4.1: Exponential and logarithmic functions-Complex Exponential Function, its derivative,

analyticity, modulus argument and conjugate, algebraic properties, periodicity, exponential
mapping and its properties, Complex Logarithmic Function, logarithmic identities, principal
value of a complex logarithm, Ln z as inverse function, derivative, logarithmic mapping,
properties, other branches
4.3: Trigonometric and Hyperbolic functions- Complex Trigonometric Functions, identities,

periodicity of sine and cosine, Trigonometric equations and their solution, Modulus, zeroes
analyticity, [subsection ‘Trigonometric Mapping’ omitted], Complex Hyperbolic Functions,
relation to sine and cosine
50 Page 52 of 100
Module- II (20 hrs)
Integration in the Complex plane
5.1: Real Integrals- Definite Integral, simple, smooth, closed curves, Line integrals in the plane,
Method of Evaluation-curves defined parametrically and curves given as functions, Orientation
of a Curve
5.2: Complex Integral-contours, definition of complex integral, complex valued function of a
real variable, evaluation of contour integral, properties of contour integral, ML-inequality
5.3: Cauchy-Goursat Theorem- simply and multiply connected regions, Cauchy theorem,
Cauchy-Goursat theorem for simply connected domain (without proof), Multiply Connected
Domains, principe of deformation of contours, Cauchy-Goursat theorem for multiply connected
domains, illustrations
5.4: Independence of Path- definition, analyticity and path independence, anti derivative,
Fundamental theorem for contour integrals, Some Conclusions, Existence of anti derivative
5.5: Cauchy’s Integral Formulas & their Consequences- Cauchy’s Two Integral Formulas,
illustration of their use, Some Consequences of the Integral Formulas-cauchy’s inequality,
Liouville theorem, Morera’s theorem, Maximum modulus theorem
Module- III (15 hrs)
Series
6.1: Sequences and Series- definition, criteria for convergence, Geometric series, necessary
condition for convergence, test for divergence, absolute and conditional convergence, Ratio
test, root test, Power Series, circle of convergence, radius of convergence, Arithmetic of Power
Series
6.2: Taylor Series- differentiation and integration of power series, term by term differentiation
and integration, Taylor Seties, Maclaurian series , illustrations
6.3: Laurent’s Series- isolated singularities, Laurent’s Theorem [proof omitted], illustrations
51 Page 53 of 100
Module- IV (20 hrs)
Residues
6.4: Zeros and Poles- classification of isolated singular points, removable singularity, pole,
essential singularity, order of zeros and poles
6.5: Residues and Residue Theorem- residue , method of evaluation of residue at poles,
(Cauchy’s) Residue Theorem, illustrations
6.6: Some Consequences of Residue theorem-
6.6.1:Evaluation of Real Trigonometric Integrals
References:
James Ward Brown, Ruel Vance Churchill: Complex variables and applications(8/e)
1
McGraw-Hill Higher Education, (2009) ISBN: 0073051942
Alan Jeffrey: Complex Analysis and Applications(2/e) Chapman and Hall/CRC Taylor
2
Francis Group(2006)ISBN:978-1-58488-553-5
Saminathan Ponnusamy, Herb Silverman: Complex Variables with Applications
3
Birkhauser Boston(2006) ISBN:0-8176-4457-4
John H. Mathews & Russell W. Howell : Complex Analysis for Mathematics and
4
Engineering (6 /e)
H A Priestly : Introduction to Complex Analysis(2/e) Oxford University
5
Press(2003)ISBN: 0 19 852562 1
Jerrold E Marsden, Michael J Hoffman: Basic Complex Analysis(3/e) W.H Freeman,N.Y.
6
(1999) ISBN:0-7167- 2877- X
52 Page 54 of 100
SIXTH SEMESTER
MTS6 B12 CALCULUS OF MULTI VARIABLE

The intention of the course is to extend the immensely useful ideas and notions such as limit,
continuity, derivative and integral seen in the context of function of single variable to function of
several variables. The corresponding results will be the higher dimensional analogues of what we
learned in the case of single variable functions. The results we develop in the course of calculus of
multivariable is extremely useful in several areas of science and technology as many functions that
arise in real life situations are functions of multivariable.
The successful completion of the course will enable the student to
 Understand several contexts of appearance of multivariable functions and their

representation using graph and contour diagrams.
 Formulate and work on the idea of limit and continuity for functions of several variables.
 Understand the notion of partial derivative, their computation and interpretation.
 Understand chain rule for calculating partial derivatives.
 Get the idea of directional derivative, its evaluation, interpretation, and relationship with
partial derivatives.
 Understand the concept of gradient, a few of its properties, application and interpretation.
 Understand the use of partial derivatives in getting information of tangent plane and normal
line.
 Calculate the maximum and minimum values of a multivariable function using second
derivative test and Lagrange multiplier method.
 Find a few real life applications of Lagrange multiplier method in optimization problems.
 Extend the notion of integral of a function of single variable to integral of functions of two
and three variables.
 Address the practical problem of evaluation of double and triple integral using Fubini’s
theorem and change of variable formula.
 Realise the advantage of choosing other coordinate systems such as polar, spherical,
cylindrical etc. in the evaluation of double and triple integrals .
 See a few applications of double and triple integral in the problem of finding out surface
area ,mass of lamina, volume, centre of mass and so on.
 Understand the notion of a vector field, the idea of curl and divergence of a vector field,
their evaluation and interpretation.
 Understand the idea of line integral and surface integral and their evaluations.
 Learn three major results viz. Green’s theorem, Gauss’s theorem and Stokes’ theorem of
multivariable calculus and their use in several areas and directions.
53 Page 55 of 100
Syllabus
Text Calculus: Soo T Tan Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning ( 2010 ) ISBN 0

53446579X)
ModuleI (18 hrs)

13.1: Functions of two or more variables Functions of Two Variables,
Graphs of Functions of Two Variables, Level Curves, Functions of Three
Variables and Level Surfaces
13.2: Limits and continuityAn Intuitive Definition of a Limit, existence and

non existence of limit, Continuity of a Function of Two Variables, Continuity
on a Set, continuity of polynomial and rational functions, continuity of
composite functions, Functions of Three or More Variables, The 𝜀 −
𝛿 Definition of a Limit
13.3: Partial Derivatives Partial Derivatives of Functions of Two Variables,

geometric interpretation , Computing Partial Derivatives, Implicit
Differentiation, Partial Derivatives of Functions of More Than Two
Variables, HigherOrder Derivatives, clairaut theorem, harmonic functions
13.4: Differentials Increments, The Total Differential, interpretation, Error

in Approximating ∆z by 𝑑𝑧 [only statement of theorem1 required ; proof
omitted ] Differentiability of a Function of Two Variables, criteria,
Differentiability and Continuity, Functions of Three or More Variables
13.5: The Chain rule The Chain Rule for Functions Involving One
Independent Variable, The Chain Rule for Functions Involving Two
Independent Variables, The General Chain Rule, Implicit Differentiation
ModuleII (16 hrs)

13.6: Directional Derivatives and Gradient vectors The Directional
Derivative, The Gradient of a Function of Two Variables, Properties of the
Gradient, Functions of Three Variables
13.7: Tangent Planes and Normal Lines Geometric Interpretation of the

Gradient, Tangent Planes and Normal Lines, Using the Tangent Plane of 𝑓 to
approximate the Surface 𝑧 = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦)
13.8: Extrema of Functions of two variables Relative and Absolute

Extrema, Critical Points—Candidates for Relative Extrema, The Second
54 Page 56 of 100
Derivative Test for Relative Extrema, Finding the Absolute Extremum
Values of a Continuous Function on a Closed Set

13.9: Lagrange Multipliers Constrained Maxima and Minima, The Method
of Lagrange Multipliers , Lagrange theorem, Optimizing a Function Subject to
Two Constraints
ModuleIII (21 hrs)

14.1: Double integrals An Introductory Example, Volume of a Solid
Between a Surface and a Rectangle, The Double Integral Over a Rectangular
Region, Double Integrals Over General Regions, Properties of Double
Integrals

14.2: Iterated IntegralsIterated Integrals Over Rectangular Regions,
Fubini’s Theorem for Rectangular Regions, Iterated Integrals Over
Nonrectangular Regions , 𝑦 simple and 𝑥 simple regions, advantage of changing
the order of integration

14.3:Double integrals in polar coordinates Polar Rectangles, Double
Integrals Over Polar Rectangles, Double Integrals Over General Regions, r
simple region, method of evaluation

14.4: Applications of Double integral Mass of a Lamina, Moments and
Center of Mass of a Lamina, Moments of Inertia, Radius of Gyration of a
Lamina

14.5: Surface Area Area of a Surface 𝑧 = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) , Area of Surfaces with
Equations 𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥, 𝑧) and 𝑥 = ℎ(𝑦, 𝑧)

14.6: Triple integrals Triple Integrals Over a Rectangular Box, definition,
method of evaluation as iterated integrals, Triple Integrals Over General
Bounded Regions in Space, Evaluating Triple Integrals Over General
Regions, evaluation technique, Volume, Mass, Center of Mass, and Moments of
Inertia

14.7: Triple Integrals in cylindrical and spherical coordinates evaluation of
integrals in Cylindrical Coordinates, Spherical Coordinates
14.8: Change of variables in multiple integrals Transformations, Change of

Variables in Double Integrals [only the method is required; derivation
omitted], illustrations, Change of Variables in Triple Integrals
55 Page 57 of 100
ModuleIV (25 hrs)
15.1: Vector Fields V.F. in two and three dimensional space, Conservative
Vector Fields
15.2: Divergence and Curl Divergence idea and definition, Curl idea and
definition
15.3: Line Integrals Line integral w.r.t. arc length motivation, basic idea and
definition, Line Integrals with Respect to Coordinate Variables, orientation of
curve Line Integrals in Space, Line Integrals of Vector Fields
15.4: Independence of Path and Conservative Vector Fields path

independence through example, definition, fundamental theorem for line integral,
Line Integrals Along Closed Paths, work done by conservative vector field,
Independence of Path and Conservative Vector Fields, Determining
Whether a Vector Field Is Conservative, test for conservative vector field
Finding a Potential Function, Conservation of Energy
15.5: Green’s Theorem Green’s Theorem for Simple Regions, proof of

theorem for simple regions, finding area using line integral, Green’s Theorem for
More General Regions, Vector Form of Green’s Theorem
15.6: Parametric SurfacesWhy We Use Parametric Surfaces, Finding

Parametric Representations of Surfaces, Tangent Planes to Parametric
Surfaces, Area of a Parametric Surface [derivation of formula omitted]
15.7: Surface IntegralsSurface Integrals of Scalar Fields, evaluation of

surface integral for surfaces that are graphs , [derivation of formula omitted;
only method required] Parametric Surfaces, evaluation of surface integral for
parametric surface, Oriented Surfaces, Surface Integrals of Vector Fields
definition, flux integral, evaluation of surface integral for graph[method only],
Parametric Surfaces, evaluation of surface integral of a vector field for
parametric surface [method only]
15.8: The Divergence Theorem divergence theorem for simple solid regions
(statement only), illustrations, Interpretation of Divergence
15.9: Stokes Theoremgeneralization of Green’s theorem –Stokes Theorem ,

illustrations , Interpretation of Curl
56 Page 58 of 100
References:
1 JoelHass, Christopher Heil & Maurice D. Weir : Thomas’ Calculus(14/e)
Pearson(2018) ISBN 0134438981
2 Robert A Adams & Christopher Essex : Calculus: A complete Course
(8/e) Pearson Education Canada (2013) ISBN: 032187742X
3 Jon Rogawski: Multivariable Calculus Early Transcendentals (2/e) W. H.
Freeman and Company(2012) ISBN: 1429231874
4 Anton, Bivens & Davis : Calculus Early Transcendentals (10/e) John
Wiley & Sons, Inc.(2012) ISBN: 9780470647691
5 James Stewart : Calculus (8/e) Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning(2016) ISBN:
9781285740621
6 Jerrold E. Marsden & Anthony Tromba :Vector Calculus (6/e) W. H.
Freeman and Company ,New York(2012) ISBN: 9781429215084
7 Arnold Ostebee & Paul Zorn: Multivariable Calculus (2/e) W. H. Freeman
Custom Publishing, N.Y.(2008)ISBN: 9781429230339
57 Page 59 of 100
SIXTH SEMESTER
MTS6 B13 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Differential equations model the physical world around us. Many of the laws or principles governing
natural phenomenon are statements or relations involving rate at which one quantity changes with
respect to another. The mathematical formulation of such relations (modelling) often results in an
equation involving derivative (differential equations). The course is intended to find out ways and
means for solving differential equations and the topic has wide range of applications in physics,
chemistry, biology, medicine, economics and engineering.
On successful completion of the course, the students shall acquire the following
skills/knowledge.
 Students could identify a number of areas where the modelling process results in a
differential equation.
 They will learn what an ODE is, what it means by its solution, how to classify DEs, what it
means by an IVP and so on.
 They will learn to solve DEs that are in linear, separable and in exact forms and also to
analyse the solution.
 They will realise the basic differences between linear and non linear DEs and also basic
results that guarantees a solution in each case.
 They will learn a method to approximate the solution successively of a first order IVP.
 They will become familiar with the theory and method of solving a second order linear
homogeneous and nonhomogeneous equation with constant coefficients.
 They will learn to find out a series solution for homogeneous equations with variable
coefficients near ordinary points.
 Students acquire the knowledge of solving a differential equation using Laplace method
which is especially suitable to deal with problems arising in engineering field.
 Students learn the technique of solving partial differential equations using the method of
separation of variables
58 Page 60 of 100
Syllabus
Text Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems

(11/e): William E Boyce, Richard C Diprima And Douglas B Meade
John Wiley & Sons(2017) ISBN: 1119169879
ModuleI (22 hrs)

1.1: Some Basic Mathematical Models; Direction Fields
1.2: Solutions of some Differential equations
1.3: Classification of Differential Equations
2.1: Linear Differential Equations; Method of Integrating Factors
2.2: Separable Differential Equations
2.3: Modelling with First Order Differential Equations
2.4: Differences Between Linear and Nonlinear Differential Equations
2.6: Exact Differential Equations and Integrating Factors
2.8: The Existence and Uniqueness Theorem (proof omitted )

ModuleII (23 hrs)
3.1: Homogeneous Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients
3.2: Solutions of Linear Homogeneous Equations; the Wronskian
3.3: Complex Roots of the Characteristic Equation
3.4: Repeated Roots; Reduction of Order
3.5: Nonhomogeneous Equations; Method of Undetermined Coefficients
3.6: Variation of Parameters
5.2: Series solution near an ordinary point, part1
5.3: Series solution near an ordinary point,part2

ModuleIII (15 hrs)
6.1: Definition of the Laplace Transform
6.2: Solution of Initial Value Problems
6.3: Step Functions
6.5: Impulse Functions
6.6: The Convolution Integral
59 Page 61 of 100
ModuleIV (20 hrs)
10.1: TwoPoint Boundary Value Problems
10.2: Fourier Series
10.3: The Fourier Convergence Theorem
10.4: Even and Odd Functions
10.5: Separation of Variables; Heat Conduction in a Rod
10.7: The Wave Equation: Vibrations of an Elastic String
References:
1 Dennis G Zill &Michael R Cullen: Differential Equations with Boundary
Value Problems(7/e):Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning(2009)ISBN: 0495108367
2 R Kent Nagle, Edward B. Saff & Arthur David Snider: Fundamentals of
Differential Equations(8/e) AddisonWesley(2012) ISBN: 0321747739
3 C. Henry Edwards &David E. Penney: Elementary Differential
Equations (6/e) Pearson Education, Inc. New Jersey (2008) ISBN 0132397307
4 John Polking, Albert Boggess & David Arnold : Differential Equations
with Boundary Value Problems(2/e) Pearson Education, Inc New
Jersey(2006) ISBN 0131862367
5 Henry J. Ricardo: A Modern Introduction to Differential Equations(2/e) Elsevier
Academic Press(2009)ISBN: 9780123747464
6 James C Robinson: An Introduction to Ordinary Differential Equations
Cambridge University Press (2004)ISBN: 0521533910
60 Page 62 of 100
ELECTIVE COURSES
61 Page 63 of 100
SIXTH SEMESTER (Elective)
MTS6 B14 (E01) GRAPH THEORY
Text A First Look at Graph Theory: John Clark & Derek Allan Holton,
Allied Publishers, First Indian Reprint 1995
ModuleI (16 hrs)

1.1 Definition of a graph
1.2 Graphs as models
1.3 More definitions
1.4 Vertex degrees
1.5 Sub graphs
1.6 Paths and Cycles
1.7 Matrix representation of a graph [up to Theorem 1.6 ; proof of Theorem
1.5 is omitted]
ModuleII (16 hrs)
2.1 Definitions and Simple Properties
2.2 Bridges [Proof of Theorem 2.6 and Theorem 2.9 are omitted]
2.3 Spanning Trees
2.6 Cut Vertices and Connectivity [Proof of Theorem 2.21omitted]
ModuleIII (16 hrs)
3.1 Euler Tour [up to Theorem 3.2, proof of Theorem 3.2 omitted]
3.3:Hamiltonian Graphs [Proof of Theorem 3.6 omitted]
5.1:Plane and Planar graphs [Proof of Theorem 5.1 omitted]
5.2 Euler’s Formula [Proofs of Theorems 5.3 and Theorem 5.6 omitted]
References:
1 R.J. Wilson: Introduction to Graph Theory, 4th ed., LPE, Pearson Education
2 J.A. Bondy& U.S.R. Murty : Graph Theory with Applications
3 J. Clark & D.A. Holton: A First Look at Graph Theory, Allied Publishers
4 N. Deo : Graph Theory with Application to Engineering and Computer
Science, PHI.
62 Page 64 of 100
MTS6 B14 (E02) TOPOLOGY OF METRIC SPACES
Text Metric Spaces: Mícheál Ó Searcóid Undergraduate Mathematics

Series SpringerVerlag London Limited (2007) ISBN: 1846283698
ModuleI (19 hrs)

Chapter 1 : Metrics
1.1: Metric Spaces
1.3: Metric Subspaces and Metric Superspaces
1.4: Isometries
1.6: Metrics on Products
1.7: Metrics and Norms on Linear Spaces[ example1.7.8 omitted]
Chapter 2: Distance
2.1: Diameter
2.2: Distances from Points to Sets
2.3: Inequalities for Distances
2.4: Distances to Unions and Intersections
2.5: Isolated Points
2.6: Accumulation Points
2.7: Distances from Sets to Sets
Chapter 3 Boundary
3.1: Boundary Points
3.2: Sets with Empty Boundary
3.3: Boundary Inclusion
63 Page 65 of 100
3.6: Closure and Interior
3.7: Inclusion of Closures and Interiors
ModuleII (17 hrs)

Chapter 4 Open, Closed and Dense Subsets
4.1: Open and Closed Subsets
4.2: Dense Subsets
4.3: Topologies
4.4: Topologies on Subspaces and Superspaces
4.5: Topologies on Product Spaces
Chapter 5 Balls
5.1: Open and Closed Balls
5.2: Using Balls
Chapter 6 Convergence
6.1: Definition of Convergence for Sequences
6.2: Limits
6.4: Convergence in Subspaces and Superspaces
6.6: Convergence Criteria for Interior and Closure
6.7: Convergence of Subsequences
6.8: Cauchy Sequences
ModuleIII (12 hrs)

Chapter 7 Bounds
7.1: Bounded Sets
7.4: Spaces of Bounded Functions
7.6: Convergence and Boundedness
7.7: Uniform and Pointwise Convergence
64 Page 66 of 100
Chapter8 Continuity
8.1: Local Continuity
8.3: Global Continuity
8.5: Continuity of Compositions
Chapter11 Connectedness
11.1: Connected Metric Spaces
11.2: Connected Subsets
11.3: Connectedness and Continuity
References:
1 E.T.Copson: Metric Spaces Cambridge University Press(1968)ISBN:0 521
35732 2
2 Irving Kaplansky: Set Theory and Metric Spaces Allyn and Bacon,Inc.
Boston(1972)
3 S. Kumaresan: Topology of Metric Spaces Alpha Science International
Ltd.(2005) ISBN: 1842652508
4 Wilson A Sutherland: Introduction to Metric and Topological
Spaces(2/e) Oxford University Press(2009)ISBN:9780199563081
5 Mohamed A. Khamsi and William A. Kirk: An Introduction to Metric
Spaces and Fixed Point Theory John Wiley & Sons, Inc(2001) ISBN 0471
418250

65 Page 67 of 100
MTS6 B14 (E03) MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMMING WITH PYTHON

AND LATEX
Python for Education Learning Maths and Physics using Python:

Text
Ajith Kumar B.P Inter University Accelerator Centre 2010

Course Contents
The course has Theory Part (external evaluation) and Practical Part (only
for internal evaluation). A student has to maintain a practical record of the
work. Practical should be carried out in a GNU/Linux computer system.
Theory

ModuleI (15hrs)
Basics of Python Programming
Chapter 2 Programming in Python: Two modes of using Python, Interpreter
Variables and Data Types, Operators and their Precedence, Python Strings,
Slicing, Python Lists, Mutable and Immutable Types, Input from the
Keyboard, Iteration: while and for loops, Python Syntax, Colon&
Indentation, Syntax of ‘for loops’, Conditional Execution: if, elif and else,
Modify loops : break and continue, Line joining, Functions, Scope of
variables, Optional and Named Arguments, More onStrings and Lists, split
and join, Manipulating Lists, Copying Lists, Python Modules and Packages,
Different ways to import, Packages, File Input/Output, The pickle module,
Formatted Printing, Exception Handling, Turtle Graphics.
Chapter 3 Arrays and Matrices: The NumPy Module, Vectorized Functions.

(sec. 2.1 to 2.19, 3.1 to 3.2)
ModuleII (20 hrs)
Applications of Python Programming
Chapter 4 Data visualization: The Matplotlib Module, Plotting mathematical

functions, Famous Curves, Power Series, Fourier Series, 2D plot using
colors, Meshgrids, 3D Plots, Mayavi, 3D visualization, .
66 Page 68 of 100
Chapter 6 Numerical methods: Numerical Differentiation, Numerical
Integration, Ordinary Differential Equations, Polynomials, Finding roots of
an equation, System of Linear Equations, Least Squares Fitting,
Interpolation.
(sec. 4.1 to 4.6, 4.8 to 4.10, 6.1 to 6.8)
ModuleIII (13 hrs)

Latex
Chapter 5 Type setting using LATEX: Document classes, Modifying Text,
Dividing the document, Environments, Typesetting Equations, Arrays and
matrices, Floating bodies, Inserting Images, Example, Application
(sec. 5.1 to 5.8)
Practical
A practical examination, based on following topics, should be conducted for

the internal assessment only.
Part A: Plotting
1. Cartesian plot of polynomials showing all zeros

2. Cartesian plot of quotient of polynomials
3. Cartesian plot of functions showing asymptotes
4. Parametric plot of curves
5. Polar plot of curves
6. Plot Pi chart
7. Plot 3D curves
8. Plot 3D surfaces
Part B: Numerical Analysis
1. Bisection Method
2. NewtonRaphson Method
3. Numerical differentiation
4. Trapezoidal rule
5. Simpson’s rule
67 Page 69 of 100
6. Euler Method to solve ODE
7. Fourth order RK Method to solve ODE
Part C: LATEX
1. General documentation
2. Tables
3. Writing equations
Mark distribution for practical examination as test paper (Total 6 Marks)
Part A: 2 marks
Part B: 2 marks
Part C: 2 marks
Practical Record as Assignment: 3 marks
References:
1 Saha, Amit: Doing Math with Python: Use Programming to Explore
Algebra, Statistics, Calculus, and More !. No Starch Press, 2015 .
2 NunezIglesias, Juan, Stefan van der Walt, and Harriet Dashnow:
"Elegant SciPy: The Art of Scientific Python." (2017).
3 Stewart, John M.: Python for scientists. Cambridge University Press, 2017.
4 Kinder, Jesse M., and Philip Nelson: A student's guide to Python for
physical modeling. Princeton University Press, 2018 .
5 McGreggor, Duncan :. Mastering matplotlib. Packt Publishing Ltd, 2015
6 Lamport, Leslie. LaTeX: A Document Preparation System( 2/e) Pearson
Education India, 1994.
7 Hahn, Jane: LATEX for Everyone. Prentice Hall PTR, 1993
8 Grätzer, George: Math into LATEX. Springer Science & Business Media,
2013
68 Page 70 of 100
OPEN COURSES
69 Page 71 of 100
FIFTH SEMESTER (OPEN COURSE)
(For students not having Mathematics as Core Course)
MTS5 D01 APPLIED CALCULUS
3 hours/week 3 credits 75marks [Int:15+Ext:60]
Text Calculus :For Business, Economics, and the Social and Life Sciences
BRIEF (10/e): Laurence D. Hoffmann, Gerald L. Bradley McGrawHill(2010)
ISBN: 978–0–07–353231–8
Module I 16 hrs
Chapter1: Functions, Graphs, and Limits
1.1:Functions
1.2:The Graph of a Function
1.3:Linear Functions
1.4:Functional Models
1.5: Limits
1.6: One sided limits and continuity
Chapter2: Differentiation: Basic Concepts
2.1:The Derivative
2.2:Techniques of Differentiation
2.3: Product and quotient rules: Higher order derivatives [proof of product
and quotient rules omitted]
2.4: The Chain rule [proof of general power rule omitted]

Module II 18 hrs
2.5: Marginal Analysis and Applications using increments
2.6: Implicit Differentiation and Related Rates
Chapter3: Additional Applications of Derivative
3.1: Increasing and Decreasing Functions; Relative Extrema,
3.2: Concavity and Points of Inflection
3.4: Optimization; Elasticity of Demand
3.5: Additional Applied Optimization
Chapter4: Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
4.1: Exponential functions; continuous compounding
4.2:Logarithmic functions
70 Page 72 of 100
Module III 14 hrs
Chapter5: Integration
5.1: Antidifferentiation: The Indefinite Integral
5.2: Integration by Substitution
5.3: The Definite Integral and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus [only
statement of FTC required; Justification given at the end of the section
omitted]
5.5: Additional Applications to Business and Economics
5.6: Additional Applications to the Life and Social Sciences [The derivation
of volume formula omitted; only the formula and its applications required]

References:
1 Soo T Tan: Applied Calculus for the Managerial, Life, and social
sciences(8/e) Cengage Learning(2011) ISBN: 9780495559696
2 Ron Larson : Brief Calculus An Applied Approach(8/e) Houghton Mifflin
Company(2009)ISBN: 9780618958474
3 Stefan Waner, Steven R. Costenoble: Finite Mathematics and Applied
Calculus(5/e) Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning(2011) ISBN: 9781439049259
4 Frank C. Wilson, Scott Adamson: Applied Calculus Houghton Mifflin
Harcourt Publishing Company(2009)
5 Geoffrey C. Berresford, Andrew M. Rockett: Applied Calculus(7/e)
Cengage Learning(2016)ISBN: 9781305085312
71 Page 73 of 100
MTS5 D02 DISCRETE MATHEMATICS FOR BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES
Text Discrete Mathematics; Proofs, Structures and Applications (3/e):

Rowan Garnier & John Taylor CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group (2009 )
ISBN:9781439812808(hardback)/ 9781439812815 (eBook PDF)
Module I 14 hrs
Chaper1 Logic
1.1: Propositions and Truth Values
1.2: Logical Connectives and Truth Tables Disjunction, Conditional
Propositions, Bi conditional Propositions
1.3: Tautologies and Contradictions
1.4: Logical Equivalence and Logical Implication More about conditionals
1.5: The Algebra of Propositions The Duality Principle, Substitution Rule

1.6: Arguments
1.7: Formal Proof of the Validity of Arguments
1.8: Predicate Logic The Universal Quantifier, The Existential Quantifier,
TwoPlace Predicates, Negation of Quantified Propositional Functions
1.9: Arguments in Predicate Logic Universal Specification (US), Universal
Generalization (UG), Existential Specification (ES), Existential Generalization
(EG)
Module II 16 hrs
Chapter8 Algebraic Structures
8.1: Binary Operations and Their Properties
8.2: Algebraic Structures Semigroups
8.3: More about Groups
8.4: Some Families of Groups Cyclic Groups, Dihedral Groups, Groups of
Permutations
8.5: Substructures
8.6: Morphisms
Chapter 10 Boolean Algebra
72 Page 74 of 100
10.1: Introduction
10.2: Properties of Boolean Algebras
10.3: Boolean Functions
10.4: Switching Circuits
10.5: Logic Networks
10.6: Minimization of Boolean Expressions
Module III 18 hrs
Chapter 11 Graph Theory
11.1: Definitions and Examples
11.2: Paths and Cycles
11.3: Isomorphism of Graphs
11.4: Trees
11.5: Planar Graphs [proof of Euler formula omitted]
11.6: Directed Graphs
Chapter 12 Applications of Graph Theory
12.2: Rooted Trees
12.3:Sorting
12.4:Searching Strategies
References:
1 Edward R. Scheinerman: Mathematics A Discrete Introduction(3/e)
Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning(2013)ISBN: 9780840049421
2 Gary Haggard, John Schlipf, Sue Whitesides: Discrete Mathematics for
Computer Science Thomson Brooks/Cole(2006)ISBN:053449601x
3 DPAcharjya,Sreekumar:FundamentalApproachtoDiscrete Mathematics
New Age International Publishers(2005) ISBN: 9788122423044
4 Gary Chartrand ,Ping Zhang: Discrete Mathematics Waveland Press,
Inc(2011)ISBN: 9781577667308
5 Tom Jenkyns, Ben Stephenson: Fundamentals of Discrete Math for
Computer Science A ProblemSolving Primer SpringerVerlag London (2013)
ISBN: 9781447140689
6 Faron Moller, Georg Struth: Modelling Computing Systems Mathematics
for Computer Science SpringerVerlag London (2013) ISBN 9781848003217
73 Page 75 of 100
MTS5 D03 LINEAR MATHEMATICAL MODELS
Text Finite Mathematics and Calculus with Applications (9/e) Margaret L.

Lial, Raymond N. Greenwell & Nathan P. Ritchey Pearson Education,
Inc(2012) ISBN: 0321749081
Module I 18 hrs
Chapter1 Linear Functions
1.1: Slopes and Equations of Lines

1.2: Linear Functions and Applications

1.3: The Least Squares Line
Chapter2 Systems of Linear Equations and Matrices

2.1: Solution of Linear Systems by the Echelon Method

2.2: Solution of Linear Systems by the GaussJordan Method

2.3: Addition and Subtraction of Matrices

2.4: Multiplication of Matrices

2.5: Matrix Inverses

2.6: InputOutput Models

Module II 12 hrs
Chapter3 Linear Programming: The Graphical Method
3.1: Graphing Linear Inequalities
3.2: Solving Linear Programming Problems Graphically
3.3 : Applications of Linear Programming

Module III 18 hrs
Chapter4 Linear Programming: The Simplex Method
4.1: Slack Variables and the Pivot
4.2: Maximization Problems
4.3: Minimization Problems; Duality
4.4 :Nonstandard Problems

74 Page 76 of 100
References:
1 Soo T Tan: Finite Mathematics For the Managerial, Life, and social
sciences(11/e) Cengage Learning(2015) ISBN: 1285464656
2 Ronald J. Harshbarger, James J. Reynolds: Mathematical Applications
for the Management, Life, and Social Sciences (9/e) Brooks/Cole Cengage
Learning(2009) ISBN: 9780547145099
3 Stefan Waner, Steven R. Costenoble: Finite Mathematics and Applied
Calculus(5/e) Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning(2011) ISBN: 9781439049259
4 Seymour Lipschutz, John J. Schiller, R. Alu Srinivasan: Beginning Finite
Mathematics Schaum’s Outline Series, McGrawHill(2005)
5 Howard L. Rolf: Finite Mathematics Enhanced Edition(7/e) Brooks/Cole,
Cengage Learning(2011) ISBN:9780538497329
6 Michael Sullivan: Finite Mathematics An Applied Approach(11/e ) John
Wiley & Sons, Inc(2011)ISBN: 9780470458273

75 Page 77 of 100
MTS5 D04 MATHEMATICS FOR DECISION MAKING
Text Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World (6/e) Ron Larson & Betsy
Farber Pearson Education, Inc (2015) ISBN: 9780321911216
Module I 14 hrs
Chapter1 Introduction to Statistics
1.1: An Overview of Statistics
1.2: Data Classification
1.3: Data Collection and Experimental Design
Chapter2 Descriptive Statistics
2.1: Frequency Distributions and their Graphs
2.2: More Graphs and Displays
2.3: Measures of Central Tendency
2.4: Measures of Variation
2.5: Measures of Position
Module II 12 hrs
Chapter3 Probability
3.1: Basic Concepts of Probability and Counting
3.2: Conditional Probability and the Multiplication Rule
3.3: The Addition Rule
3.4: Additional topics in probability and counting
Module III 22 hrs
Chapter4 Discrete Probability Distribution
4.1: Probability Distributions
4.2: Binomial Distributions
4.3:More Discrete Probability Distributions
Chapter5 Normal Probability Distribution
5.1: Introduction to Normal distributions and Standard Normal
Distributions
5.2: Normal Distributions: Finding Probabilities
5.3:Normal Distributions: Finding Values
76 Page 78 of 100
References:
1 Mario F. Triola: Elementary Statistics(13/e) : Pearson Education, Inc(2018)
ISBN: 9780134462455
2 Neil A. Weiss: Elementary Statistics(8/e) Pearson Education, Inc(2012)
ISBN: 9780321691231
3 Nancy Pfenning: Elementary Statistics: Looking at Big Picture Brooks/Cole

Cengage Learning(2011) ISBN: 9780495016526
4 Frederick J Gravetter, Larry B. Wallnau: Statistics for the Behavioral
Sciences (10/e) Cengage Learning(2017) ISBN: 9781305504912
5 Seymour Lipschutz, John J. Schiller, R. Alu Srinivasan: Beginning Finite
Mathematics Schaum’s Outline Series, McGrawHill(2005)
6 Michael Sullivan: Finite Mathematics An Applied Approach(11/e ) John
Wiley & Sons, Inc(2011)ISBN: 9780470458273
77 Page 79 of 100
COMPLEMENTARY COURSES
78 Page 80 of 100
FIRST SEMESTER
MTS1 C01:MATHEMATICS1
4 hours/week 3 Credits 75 Marks[Int.15 + Ext. 60]

Text (1) Calculus I (2/e) : Jerrold Marsden & Alan Weinstein SpringerVerlag
New York Inc(1985) ISBN 0387909745
Text (2) Calculus II (2/e) : Jerrold Marsden & Alan Weinstein SpringerVerlag
New York Inc(1985) ISBN 0387909753

Module I 14 hrs
1.1: Introduction to the derivativeinstantaneous velocity, slope of tangent
line, differentiating simplest functions
1.2: Limits Notion of limit, basic properties, derived properties, continuity,

continuity of rational functions, one sided limit, limit involving ±∞
1.3: The derivative as Limit formal definition, examples, differentiability and

continuity, Leibnitz notation,
1.4: Differentiating Polynomialspower rule, sum rule etc.,
1.5: Product and quotients product, quotient, reciprocal & integral power
rule
1.6: Linear Approximation and Tangent Lines equation of tangent line and
linear approximation, illustrations
Module II 13 hrs
2.1: Rate of change and Second derivative linear or proportional change,
rates of change, second derivative,
2.2: The Chain Rule power of a function rule, chain rule,
2.3: Fractional Power & Implicit Differentiationrational power of a

function rule, implicit differentiation
2.4: Related rates and parametric curves Related rates, parametric curves,
word problems involving related rates
2.5: Anti derivatives anti differentiation and indefinite integrals, anti

differentiation rules
79 Page 81 of 100
Module III 18 hrs
3.1: Continuity and Intermediate value theoremIVT: first and second
version
3.2: Increasing and decreasing function Increasing and decreasing test,

critical point test, first derivative test
3.3: Second derivative and concavity second derivative test for local
maxima , minima and concavity , inflection points
3.4: Drawing of Graphs graphing procedure, asymptotic behaviour
3.5: Maximum Minimum Problems maximum and minimum values on

intervals, extreme value theorem, closed interval test, word problems
3.6: The Mean Value Theorem The MVT, consequences of MVT Rolles
Theorem, horserace theorem
11.2: L’Hospital rule Preliminary version, strengthened version
Module IV 19 hrs
4.1: Summation summation, distance and velocity, properties of summation,
telescoping sum (quick introduction relevant ideas only )
4.2: Sums and Areasstep functions, area under graph and its counterpart in
distancevelocity problem
4.3: The definition of Integral signed area (The counterpart of signed area for
our distancevelocity problem), The integral, Riemann sums
4.4: The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Arriving at FTC intuitively using

distance velocity problem, Fundamental integration Method, proof of FTC, Area
under graph, displacements and velocity
4.5: Definite and Indefinite integralindefinite integral test, properties of

definite integral, fundamental theorem of calculus: alternative version
(interpretation and explanation in terms of areas)
4.6: Applications of the Integral Area between graphs, area between

intersecting graphs, total changes from rates of change,
9.1: Volume by slice method the slice method, volume of solid of revolution
by Disk method
80 Page 82 of 100
9.3: Average Values and the Mean Value Theorem for Integrals motivation
and definition of average value, illustration, geometric and physical interpretation,
the Mean Value Theorem for Integrals
References:
1 Soo T Tan: Calculus Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning(2010 )ISBN 0534
46579X
2 Gilbert Strang: Calculus Wellesley Cambridge Press(1991)ISBN:09614088
20
3 Ron Larson. Bruce Edwards: Calculus(11/e) Cengage Learning(2018)
ISBN: 9781337275347
4 Robert A Adams & Christopher Essex : Calculus Single Variable (8/e)
5 Joel Hass, Christopher Heil & Maurice D. Weir : Thomas’
Calculus(14/e) Pearson (2018) ISBN 0134438981
6 Jon Rogawski & Colin Adams : Calculus Early Transcendentals (3/e) W.
H. Freeman and Company(2015) ISBN: 1319116450
81 Page 83 of 100
SECOND SEMESTER
MTS2 C02:MATHEMATICS-2
Syllabus
Text (1) Calculus I (2/e) : Jerrold Marsden & Alan Weinstein Springer-Verlag New
York Inc(1985) ISBN 0-387-90974-5
Text (2) Calculus II (2/e) : Jerrold Marsden & Alan Weinstein Springer-Verlag New
York Inc(1985) ISBN 0-387-90975-3
Text (3) Advanced Engineering Mathematics(6/e) : Dennis G Zill Jones & Bartlett
Learning, LLC(2018)ISBN: 978-1-284-10590-2
Module- I Text (1) & (2) 14 hrs
5.1: Polar coordinates and Trigonometry – Cartesian and polar coordinates

(Only representation of points in polar coordinates, relationship between Cartesian and
polar coordinates, converting from one system to another and regions represented by
inequalities in polar system are required)
5.3 : Inverse functions-inverse function test, inverse function rule
5.6: Graphing in polar coordinates- Checking symmetry of graphs given in polar equation,
drawings, tangents to graph in polar coordinates
8.3: Hyperbolic functions- hyperbolic sine, cosine, tan etc., derivatives, anti differentiation
formulas
8.4: Inverse hyperbolic functions- inverse hyperbolic functions (their derivatives and anti
derivatives)
10.3: Arc length and surface area- Length of curves, Area of surface of revolution about x
and y axes
Module- II Text (2) 17 hrs
11.3: Improper integrals- integrals over unbounded intervals, comparison test, integrals of
unbounded functions
11.4: Limit of sequences and Newton’s method ε-N definition, limit of powers,
comparison test, Newton’s method
11.5: Numerical Integration- Riemann Sum, Trapezoidal Rule, Simpson’s Rule
82 Page 84 of 100
12.1: The sum of an infinite series- convergence of series, properties of limit of sequences
th
(statements only), geometric series, algebraic rules for series, the i term test
12.2: The comparison test and alternating series- comparison test, ratio comparison test,
alternating series, alternating series test, absolute and conditional convergence
Module- III Text (3) 19 hrs
7.6: Vector spaces – definition, examples , subspaces, basis, dimension, span
7.7: Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization Process- orthonormal bases for ℝn, construction of

n
orthonomal basis of ℝ
8.2: Systems of Linear Algebraic Equations- General form, solving systems, augmented
matrix, Elementary row operations, Elimination Methods- Gaussian elimination, Gauss–
Jordan elimination, row echelon form, reduced row echelon form, inconsistent system,
networks, homogeneous system, over and underdetermined system
8.3: Rank of a Matrix- definition, row space, rank by row reduction, rank and linear system,
consistency of linear system
8.4: Determinants- definition, cofactor (quick introduction)
8.5: Properties of determinant- properties, evaluation of determinant by row reducing to

triangular form
Module- IV Text (3) 14 hrs
8.6: Inverse of a Matrix – finding inverse, properties of inverse, adjoint method, row
operations method, using inverse to solve a linear system
8.8: The eigenvalue problem- Definition, finding eigenvalues and eigenvectors, complex
eigenvalues, eigenvalues and singular matrices, eigenvalues of inverse
8.9: Powers of Matrices- Cayley Hamilton theorem, finding the inverse
8.10: Orthogonal Matrices- symmetric matrices and eigenvalues, inner product, criterion for
orthogonal matrix, construction of orthogonal matrix
8.12: Diagonalization- diagonalizable matrix-sufficient conditions, orthogonal
diagonalizability of symmetric matrix, Quadratic Forms
83 Page 85 of 100
References:
1 Soo T Tan: Calculus Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning(2010 )ISBN 0-534-46579-X
2 Gilbert Strang: Calculus Wellesley Cambridge Press(1991)ISBN:0-9614088-2-0
Ron Larson. Bruce Edwards: Calculus(11/e) Cengage Learning(2018) ISBN: 978-1-337-
3
27534-7
Robert A Adams & Christopher Essex : Calculus Single Variable (8/e) Pearson Education
4
Canada (2013) ISBN: 0321877403
Joel Hass, Christopher Heil & Maurice D. Weir : Thomas’ Calculus(14/e)
5
Pearson (2018) ISBN 0134438981
Advanced Engineering Mathematics(7/e) Peter V O’Neil: Cengage
6
Learning(2012)ISBN: 978-1-111-42741-2
Erwin Kreyszig: Advanced Engineering Mathematics(10/e) John Wiley & Sons(2011)
7
ISBN: 978-0-470-45836-5
8 1Glyn James: Advanced Modern Engineering Mathematics(4/e) Pearson Education

Limited(2011) ISBN: 978-0-273-71923-6
84 Page 86 of 100
THIRD SEMESTER
Text Advanced Engineering Mathematics(6/e) : Dennis G Zill Jones & Bartlett

Learning, LLC(2018)ISBN: 9781284105902
Module I 21 hrs
9.1: Vector Functions – VectorValued Functions, Limits, Continuity, and Derivatives,
Geometric Interpretation of 𝑟 ′ (𝑡) , HigherOrder Derivatives, Integrals of Vector
Functions, Length of a Space Curve, Arc Length as a Parameter
9.2: Motion on a CurveVelocity and Acceleration, Centripetal Acceleration,

Curvilinear Motion in the Plane
9.3: Curvature and components of Acceleration definition, Curvature of a Circle,

Tangential and Normal Components of Acceleration, The Binormal, Radius of Curvature
9.4: Partial Derivatives Functions of Two Variables, Level Curves, Level Surfaces,
HigherOrder and Mixed Derivatives, Functions of Three or More Variables, Chain Rule,
Generalizations
9.5: Directional Derivative The Gradient of a Function, A Generalization of Partial

Differentiation, Method for Computing the Directional Derivative, Functions of Three
Variables, Maximum Value of the Directional Derivative, Gradient Points in Direction of
Most Rapid Increase of f
9.6: Tangent planes and Normal Lines Geometric Interpretation of the Gradient,
Tangent Plane, Surfaces Given by 𝑧 = 𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦), Normal Line
Module II 24 hrs
9.7: Curl and Divergence Vector Fields, definition of curl and divergence, Physical
Interpretations
9.8: Line Integralsdefinition of smooth.closed and simple closed curves, Line

Integrals in the Plane, Method of Evaluationcurve as explicit function and curve given
parametrically, Line Integrals in Space, Method of Evaluation, Work, Circulation
9.9: Independence of Path Conservative Vector Fields, Path Independence, A

Fundamental Theorem, definition of connected,simply connected and multiconnected
85 Page 87 of 100
regions, Integrals Around Closed Paths, Test for a Conservative Field, Conservative
Vector Fields in 3Space, Conservation of Energy
9.10: Double Integral Integrability, Area, Volume, Properties, Regions of Type I and
II, Iterated Integrals, Evaluation of Double Integrals (Fubini theorem), Reversing the
Order of Integration, Laminas with Variable Density—Center of Mass, Moments of
Inertia, Radius of Gyration
9.11: Double Integrals in Polar Coordinates Polar Rectangles, Change of

Variables: Rectangular to Polar Coordinates,
9.12: Green’s Theorem Line Integrals Along Simple Closed Curves, Green’s theorem in
plane, Region with Holes,
9.13: Surface Integral Surface Area, Differential of Surface Area, Surface Integral,
Method of Evaluation, Projection of S into Other Planes, Mass of a Surface, Orientable
Surfaces, Integrals of Vector Fields Flux,
9.14: Stokes’s Theorem Vector Form of Green’s Theorem, Green’s Theorem in 3

SpaceStoke’s Theorem, Physical Interpretation of Curl
Module III 21 hrs

9.15:Triple Integral definition, Evaluation by Iterated Integrals,
Applications, Cylindrical Coordinates, Conversion of Cylindrical
Coordinates to Rectangular Coordinates, Conversion of Rectangular
Coordinates to Cylindrical Coordinates, Triple Integrals in Cylindrical
Coordinates, Spherical Coordinates, Conversion of Spherical Coordinates to
Rectangular and Cylindrical Coordinates, Conversion of Rectangular
Coordinates to Spherical Coordinates, Triple Integrals in Spherical
Coordinates
9.16: Divergence Theorem Another Vector Form of Green’s Theorem ,
divergence or Gauss’ theorem, ( proof omitted ), Physical Interpretation of
Divergence
9.17: Change of Variable in Multiple Integral Double Integrals, Triple

Integrals
17.1: Complex Numbers definition, arithmetic operations, conjugate,

Geometric Interpretation
17.2: Powers and rootsPolar Form, Multiplication and Division, Integer Powers
of 𝑧 , DeMoivre’s Formula, Roots
86 Page 88 of 100
17.3: Sets in the Complex Plane neighbourhood, open sets, domain, region etc.
17.4: Functions of a Complex Variable complex functions , Complex Functions
as Flows, Limits and Continuity, Derivative, Analytic Functions entire functions
17.5: Cauchy Riemann Equation A Necessary Condition for Analyticity,

Criteria for analyticity, Harmonic Functions, Harmonic Conjugate Functions,
17.6:Exponential and Logarithmic function (Complex)Exponential Function,

Properties, Periodicity, (‘Circuits’ omitted), Complex Logarithmprincipal value,
properties, Analyticity
17.7: Trigonometric and Hyperbolic functions Trigonometric Functions,

Hyperbolic Functions, Properties Analyticity, periodicity, zeros etc.
Module IV 14 hrs
18.1: Contour integral definition, Method of Evaluation , Properties, ML
inequality. Circulation and Net
18.2: CauchyGoursat Theorem Simply and Multiply Connected Domains, Cauchy’s

Theorem, Cauchy–Goursat theorem, Cauchy–Goursat Theorem for Multiply Connected
Domains,
18.3: Independence of Path Analyticity and path independence, fundamental

theorem for contour integral, Existence of Antiderivative
18.4: Cauchy’s Integral Formula First Formula, Second FormulaC.I.F. for

derivatives. Liouville’s Theorem, Fundamental Theorem of Algebra
References:
1 Soo T Tan: Calculus Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning(2010 )ISBN 0534
46579X
2 Gilbert Strang: Calculus Wellesley Cambridge Press(1991)ISBN:096140882
0
3 Ron Larson. Bruce Edwards: Calculus(11/e ) Cengage Learning(2018) ISBN:
9781337275347
4 Robert A Adams & Christopher Essex : Calculus several Variable (7/e)
5 Jerrold Marsden & Anthony Tromba : Vector Calculus (6/e) W. H. Freeman
and Company ISBN 9781429215084
6 Peter V O’Neil: Advanced Engineering Mathematics(7/e) Cengage
Learning(2012)ISBN: 9781111427412
7 Erwin Kreyszig : Advanced Engineering Mathematics(10/e) John Wiley &
Sons(2011) ISBN: 9780470458365
8 Glyn James: Advanced Modern Engineering Mathematics(4/e) Pearson
Education Limited(2011) ISBN: 9780273719236
87 Page 89 of 100
FOURTH SEMESTER
Text Advanced Engineering Mathematics(6/e) : Dennis G Zill Jones & Bartlett

Learning, LLC(2018)ISBN: 9781284105902
Module I 21 hrs
Ordinary Differential Equations
1.1: Definitions and Terminology definition, Classification by Type,

Classification by Order, Classification by Linearity, Solution, Interval of
Definition, Solution Curve, Explicit and Implicit Solutions, Families of
Solutions, Singular Solution, Systems of Differential Equations
1.2: Initial Value ProblemsFirst and SecondOrder IVPs, Existence of solution
1.3: Differential Equations as Mathematical Models some specific differential

equation models in biology, physics and chemistry.

2.1: Solution Curves without SolutionDirection Fields [‘Autonomous First
Order DEs’ omitted]
2.2: Separable Equations definition. Method of solution, losing a solution, An

IntegralDefined Function
2.3: Linear Equationsdefinition, standard form, homogeneous and non

homogeneous DE, variation of parameter technique, Method of Solution, General
Solution, Singular Points, PiecewiseLinear Differential Equation, Error Function
2.4: Exact Equations Differential of a Function of Two Variables, Criteria

for an exact differential, Method of Solution, Integrating Factors,
2.5: Solutions by SubstitutionHomogeneous Equations, Bernoulli’s Equation,

Reduction to Separation of Variables
2.6: A Numerical Method Using the Tangent Line, Euler’s Method [upto and
including Example 2; rest omitted]

88 Page 90 of 100
Module II 22 hrs
Higher Order Differential Equations
3.1: Theory of Linear Equations InitialValue and BoundaryValue

Problems [Existence and Uniqueness (of solutions), BoundaryValue Problem ]
Homogeneous Equations [Differential Operators, Superposition Principle,

Linear Dependence and Linear Independence, Wronskian]
Nonhomogeneous Equations [Complementary Function, Another

Superposition Principle ]
3.2: Reduction of Order a general method to find a second solution of linear

second order equation by reducing to linear first order equation
3.3: Homogeneous Linear Equations with Constant Coefficients Auxiliary

Equation, Distinct Real Roots , Repeated Real Roots , Conjugate Complex Roots ,
HigherOrder Equations , Rational Roots [‘Use of computer’ part omitted]
3.4: Undetermined Coefficients Method of Undetermined Coefficients for finding

out particular solution
3.5: Variation of parameter General solution using Variation of parameter

technique
3.6: CauchyEuler Equations Method of solution, Distinct Real Roots,

Repeated Real Roots, Conjugate Complex Roots
3.9: Linear Models & Boundary Value Problems Deflection of a Beam,

Eigenvalues and Eigenfunctions [upto and including Example 3: the rest is
omitted]
Module III 19 hrs

Laplace Transforms
4.1: Definition of Laplace Transform definition, examples, linearity,

Transforms of some basic functions, Sufficient Conditions for Existence of
transform,
4.2: Inverse Transform and Transforms of Derivative Inverse Transforms :

A few important inverse transforms, Linearity, Partial Fractions, Transforms of
Derivatives, Solving Linear ODEs
89 Page 91 of 100
4.3: Translation Theorems Translation on the saxis , first translation
theorem, its inverse form, Translation on the taxis, Unit step function, second
translation theorem. Its Inverse form , Alternative Form of second translation
theorem. Beams
4.4: Additional Operational Properties Derivatives of Transforms,

Transforms of Integralsconvolution, convolution theorem (without proof) and
its inverse form, Volterra Integral Equation, Series Circuits [‘Post Script—
Green’s Function Redux’ omitted],Transform of a Periodic Function
4.5: The Dirac delta Function Unit Impulse, The Dirac Delta Function and its
transform,
Module IV 18 hrs
12.1: Orthogonal Functions Inner Product, Orthogonal Functions,
Orthonormal Sets, Vector Analogy, Orthogonal Series Expansion, Complete Sets ,
12.2: Fourier SeriesTrigonometric Series, Fourier Series, Convergence of a

Fourier Series, Periodic Extension, Sequence of Partial Sums ,
12.3: Fourier Cosine and Sine Series Even and Odd Functions., Properties,
Cosine and Sine Series, Gibbs Phenomenon, HalfRange Expansions, Periodic
Driving Force,
13.1: Separable Partial Differential Equations Linear Partial Differential

Equation, Solution of a PDE, Separation of Variables ( Method ), Superposition
Principle, Classification of Equations ( hyperbolic, parabolic, elliptic)
13.2: Classical PDE’s and BVP’s Heat Equation, Wave Equation, Laplace’s
Equation, Initial Conditions, Boundary Conditions, BoundaryValue Problems
(‘Variations’ omitted)
13.3: Heat Equation Solution of the BVP ( method of Separation of Variables)
References:
1 Peter V O’Neil: Advanced Engineering Mathematics(7/e) Cengage
Learning(2012)ISBN: 9781111427412
2 Erwin Kreyszig : Advanced Engineering Mathematics(10/e) John Wiley &
Sons(2011) ISBN: 9780470458365
3 Alan Jeffrey: Advanced Engineering Mathematics Harcourt/Academic
Press(2002) ISBN: 012382592X
4 Glyn James: Advanced Modern Engineering Mathematics(4/e) Pearson
Education Limited(2011) ISBN: 9780273719236
90 Page 92 of 100
COMPLEMENTARY COURSE
MATHEMATICAL ECONOMICS
91 Page 93 of 100
FIRST SEMESTER
MEC1 C01:MATHEMATICAL ECONOMICS
Text (1) H.L. Ahuja: Principles of Micro Economics, 15th Revised Edition, S.
Chand
Text (2) Edward T. Dowling: Introduction to Mathematical Economics,
Schaum's Outline Series, Third edition, TMH
Module I Text(1) 18 hrs

Demand and Supply Analysis Utility and Demandthe meaning of demand
and quantity demandedthe law of demanddemand curvemarket demand
curvereasons for the law of demandslope of a demand curveshift in
demanddemand function and demand curvethe meaning of supplysupply
functionlaw of supplyslope of a supply curveshift in supplymarket
equilibriumprice elasticity of demandmeasurement of price elasticityarc
elasticity of demandcross elasticity of demand
(relevant sections of chapter 5 and 7)
Module II Text(1) 13 hrs

Cost and Revenue Functions Cost functionAverage and marginal cost –
short run and long run costsshapes of average cost curves in the short run
and long run and its explanationrevenue function , marginal revenue(MR)
and average revenue functions(AR), relations between MR, AR and
elasticity of demand
(relevant sections of chapter 19 and 21)
Module III Text(1) 13 hrs

Theory of Consumer Behaviour Cardinal utility analysisthe law of
diminishing marginal utility the law of equimarginal utilityindifference
curvesordinal utilityindifference mapmarginal rate of substitution
properties of indifference curves
(Relevant sections of chapter 9 and 11)
92 Page 94 of 100
Module IV Text(2) 20 hrs
Economic Applications of Derivatives Economic Applications of
DerivativesMarginal, average and total conceptsoptimizing economic
functionsFunctions of several variables and partial derivativesrule of
partial differentiation, second order partial derivatives, Optimization of
multivariable functions, constrained optimization with Lagrange
multipliers, significance of Lagrange multiplier, total and partial
derivativestotal derivatives
Marginal productivity, Income determination, multipliers and

comparative statics, Income and cross elasticity of demand, Optimization of
multivariable function in Economics, constrained optimization of
multivariable function in Economics
(Chap4: sec. 4.7 & 4.8 ; Chap5, chap6: sec.6.1 to 6.6)
References:
1 R G D Allen: Mathematical Analysis for Economists Macmillain
2 Geoff Renshaw: Maths for Economics(3/e) Oxford University Press, N.Y.
(2012) ISBN 978–0–19–960212–4
3 Mike Rosser: Basic Mathematics for Economists(2/e) Routledge, London
(2003) ISBN 0–415–26784–6
4 Taro Yamane :Mathematics for Economists An Elementary Survey
Prentice Hall Inc.( 1962)
5 Knut Sydsæter and Peter Hammond: Essential Mathematics for
Economic Analysis(4/e) Pearson Education Limited(2012)
6 Henderson & Quandt : Microeconomic Theory A Mathematical
Approach (3/e) TMH
93 Page 95 of 100
SECOND SEMESTER
Text (1) M L Jhingan: Micro Economic Theory(6/e) Vrinda Publications

Text (2) Carl P Simon, Lawrence Blume: Mathematics for Economists W. W.
Norton & Company, Inc (1994) ISBN 039395733O
Text (3) MehtaMadnani: Mathematics for Economics Revised Edn S Chand

Inequalities in Income Inequalities in IncomeCauses of inequalities,
Measures to reduce inequality, Measurement of inequality of income
Lorenz curve, Gini ratio.
(Chapter 47)

Chapter 14: Calculus of Several Variable: Directional Derivatives and
Gradients, the gradient vector, Explicit functions from ℝ 𝑛 to ℝ𝑚 ,
Approximation by Differentials, Jacobian derivative, The Chain rule, Higher
Order Derivative. Continuously differentiable functions, Second order
derivatives and Hessians, Young’s theorem, An economic application
Chapter 17 Unconstrained Optimization: Definitions, First Order

Conditions, Second Order Conditions, sufficient conditions, necessary
conditions, Global Maxima and Minima, Global Maxima of Concave Functions,
Economic Applications, profit maximizing firm, discriminating monopolist,
least squares analysis
(Sec. 14.6,14.7,14.8, 17.1,17.2,17.3,17.4,17.5)
Module III Text(2) 18 hrs

Chapter 18 Constrained Optimization I: First Order Conditions : Objective
function, constraint functions, Examples, Equality Constraints, two variables
and one equality constraint, several equality constraints, inequality
constraints, one inequality constraint, several inequality constraints, Mixed
Constraints, Constrained Minimization Problems, KuhnTucker
Formulation, Examples and Applications,
(Sec. 18.1,18.2,18.3,18.4,18.5,18.6,18.7)
94 Page 96 of 100
Input Output Analysis Introduction – assumptiontechnological coefficient
matrixclosed and open input output modelcoefficient matrix and open
modelthe HawkinsSimon conditionssolutions for two industries
determination of equilibrium of prices coefficient matrix and closed
modelThe Leontief production functionlimitation of input output analysis
(sec.19.1 to 19.7, 19.9,19.11,19.13)
References:
1 A C Chiang & K Wainwright: Fundamentals of Mathematical Economics
(4/e) McGraw Hill
3 Urmila Diwekar: Introduction to Applied Optimization(2/e) Springer
Science+Business Media, LLC(2008) ISBN: 9780387766348
4 Michael D Intriligator: Mathematical Optimization and Economic
Theory Classics in Applied Mathematics,SIAM(2002)
5 Akinson: Distribution and Inequality Measures TMH
95 Page 97 of 100
THIRD SEMESTER
Text (1) Edward T. Dowling: Introduction to Mathematical Economics,

Schaum's Outline Series, Third edition, TMH
Text (2) S P Singh, A P Parashar, H P Singh: Econometrics and Mathematical
Economics S. Chand
Text (3) C R Kothari: An Introduction to Operation Research (3/e) Vikas
Pub. House

Differential and Difference Equations
Differential Equations definitions and concepts, First Order Linear

Differential Equations, Exact differential equationsintegrating factors,
separation of variables, Economic applications, use of differential
equations in economics
Difference Equations definitions and concepts, First Order Linear

Difference Equations, Economic applicationsthe Cobweb model, the
Harrod model
(Chapter 16,17)

The Production Function
Meaning and nature of production function, the law of variable

proportions isoquants marginal rate of technical
substitution(MRTs),producer’s equilibrium, Expression path, The elasticity
of substitution, Ridge kines and economic region of production
(Chapter 14 Sec. 14.1 to 14.9 )
Module III Text(1) & (2) 18 hrs

Euler’s theorem(statement only), Euler’s theorem and homogeneous
production function, Cobb Douglas production function, properties
96 Page 98 of 100
Economic significance, Limitations, CES production function,properties –
advantageslimitations, returns to scale, cobweb theorem
(Chapter 14 Sec. 14.10 to 14.13 of text (2) )
Optimization of Cobb Douglas production function, Optimization of

constant elasticity of production function
(Chapter 6 Sec. 6..9 & 6.10 of text(1) )

Investment Decisions and Analysis of Risks
Nature of investment decisions, appraisal necessary, Needed information,

Appraisal techniques Pay back method, Average rate of return (ARR)
mrthod, Net Present Value(NPV) method, Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
Method, Net Terminal Value Method, Profitability index(P.I.) Analysis of
Risk/Uncertainty; The Risk concept, Risk and Uncertainty situations,
Measurement of Risks in precise terms, Incorporating risk in Investment
Decisions, Risk adjusted discount rate(RAD) approach, Certainty
Equivalent approach, Probability Distribution approach(The Hillier
Models), Decision Trees Approach, Simulation Approach,(Hertz’s model)
Sensitivity analysis
(Chapter 16)
References:
1 A C Chiang & K Wainwright: Fundamentals of Mathematical Economics
(4/e) McGraw Hill
3 Srinath Baruah: Basic Mathematics and its Applications in Economics
Macmillian
4 Taro Yamane :Mathematics for Economists An Elementary Survey
Prentice Hall Inc.( 1962)
97 Page 99 of 100
FOURTH SEMESTER
5 hours/week 3 Credits 75Marks[Int.15 + Ext. 60]
Text Damodar N Gujarati & Sangeetha : Basic Economics(4/e) TMH Indian

Reprint 2008
Module I 18 hrs
Introduction to EconometricsThe nature of Regression AnalysisTwo
variable Regression Analysis
(pages 1 to 59 of Text)
Module II 22 hrs
Two variable Regression Model
(sec. 3.1 to 3.9 ; pages 60 to 103)
Module III 22 hrs

Classical normal linear regression modeltwo variable RegressionInternal
Estimation and Hypothesis testing,
(sec. 4.1 to 4.5 and 5.1 to 5.13)
Module IV 18 hrs
Extensions of the two variable linear regression model
(sec. 6.1 to 6.10)
References:
1 Jeffrey M. Wooldridge :Introductory Econometrics: A Modern
Approach (6/e) Cengage Learning(2016)
2 S P Singh, A P Parashar, H P Singh: Econometrics and Mathematical
Economics S. Chand
3 Douglas C. Montgomery, Elizabeth A. Peck, Geoffrey Vining:
Introduction to Linear Regression Analysis (5/e) John Wiley & Sons
(2012)
4 Christopher Dougherty :Introduction to Econometrics(3/e) Oxford
University Press(2007)
98 Page 100 of 100

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Read:-1. U.O.No. 4368/2019/Admn dated 23.03.2019

CHOICE BASED CREDIT

(Eﬀective from 2020 admission onwards)

Code Name of the course

Credit Distribution of BSc Mathematics Programme

a) Percentage of Class Room Participation (Attendance) in a Semester

% of Class Room Par- Out of 3 (Maximum in- Out of 4 (Maximum in-

Range of Marks in test Out of 6 (Maximum in- Out of 8 (Maximum in-

2. The evaluation of the project will be done at two stages:

4. The internal to external components is to be taken in the ratio 1 : 4.

Assessment of diﬀerent components may be taken as below.

Internal assessment of Project (15 Marks)

Sl. Components Internal Marks

External Evaluation of Project (60 Marks)

Sl. Components External Marks

For Courses with Max. For Courses with Max.

MTS1 B01 BASIC LOGIC & NUMBER THEORY

4 hours/week 4 Credits 100 Marks Int:20+Ext:80]

Aims, Objectives and Outcomes

Module- I Text (1) (15 hrs)

1.3 : Quantifiers- universal & existential, predicate logic

1.4 : Arguments- valid and invalid arguments, inference rules

Module- II Text (2) (12 hrs)

1.4 : Recursion- recursive definition of a function, illustrations.

3.3: The Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic- Euclid’s lemma on division of product by a

Module- IV Text (2) (20 hrs)

4.1:Congruences - congruence modulo m, properties of congruence, characterization of

4.2: Linear Congruence- solvability, uniqueness of solution, incongruent solutions, Modular

MTS2 B02 CALCULUS OF SINGLE VARIABLE­1

4 hours/week 4 Credits 100 Marks [Int:20+Ext:80]

Aims, Objectives and Outcomes

Text Calculus: Soo T Tan Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning (2010 )

Module­II (17 hrs)

Module­IV (13 hrs)

MTS3 B03 CALCULUS OF SINGLE VARIABLE­2

5 hours/week 4 Credits 100 Marks [Int:20+Ext:80]

Aims, Objectives and Outcomes

Text Calculus: Soo T Tan Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning (2010 )

Module­I (20 hrs)

Module­III (20 hrs)

MTS4 B04 LINEAR ALGEBRA

5 hours/week 4 Credits 100 Marks [Int:20+Ext:80]

Aims, Objectives and Outcomes

Text Elementary Linear Algebra: Application Version(11/e) :Howard

Module­I (17 hrs)

Module­II (18 hrs)

Module­III (22 hrs)

5 hours/week 4 Credits 100 Marks Int:20+Ext:80]

Aims, Objectives and Outcomes

Module- I (15 hrs)

2.3: Permutations- definition, cycles, product of cycles, permutation as product of disjoint

Module- II (25 hrs)

3.2: Subgroups-the notion of subgroup, examples, conditions for a subgroup, cyclic

3.4: Isomorphism – definition, consequences, structural properties, method of showing that

Module- III (25 hrs)

Module- IV (15 hrs)

7.1: (Structure of Groups) Isomorphism theorems; Automorphism- first isomorphism

MTS2 B02 CALCULUS OF SINGLE VARIABLE1

ModuleII (17 hrs)

ModuleIV (13 hrs)

MTS3 B03 CALCULUS OF SINGLE VARIABLE2

ModuleI (20 hrs)

ModuleIII (20 hrs)

ModuleI (17 hrs)

ModuleII (18 hrs)

ModuleIII (22 hrs)

ModuleI (28 hrs)

3.1: Interpolation and the Lagrange Polynomial motivation, Lagrange

3.2: Data Approximation and Neville’s Method motivation, Neville’s Method,

3.3: Divided Differences 𝑘 𝑡ℎ divided difference, Newton’s divided difference

Text Linear Programming and Its Applications: James K. Strayer Under

ModuleI (16 hrs)

ModuleII (14 hrs)

Chapter 4 : Duality Theory : Duality in Canonical Tableaus, The Dual

ModuleIII (18 hrs)

ModuleI Text(1) (18 hrs)

5.3: Continuous Functions on Intervals Boundedness Theorem, The

ModuleII Text(1) (22 hrs)

ModuleIII Text(1) (17 hrs)

ModuleIV Text(2) (23 hrs)