Design of One-Way
Slab
Lecture 3.a by Engr. Jerry B. Maratas and Engr. Ricardo Fornis
407.6.1 Minimum Flexural reinforcement in Non-prestressed Slabs
407.6.1.1 A minimum area of flexural reinforcement
As,min shall be provided in accordance with Table
407.6.1.1
Table 407.6.1.1 As,min minimum for non-prestressed One-way slabs
Reinforcement Type Fy, MPa As,min
Deformed bars < 420 0.0020Ag
Deformed bars or ≥ 420 Greater of
welded wire 0.0018 ( 420 )
reinforcement Ag and ( 0.0014 A )
g
fy
Relevant NSCP 2015 Provisions
407.3.1 Minimum Slab Thickness
407.3.1.1 For solid non-prestressed slabs not supporting or attached
to partitions or other construction likely to be damaged by large
deflections, overall slab thickness h shall not be less than the limits
in Table 407.3.1.1, unless the calculated deflection limits of Section
407.3.2.are satisfied.
Table 407.3.1.1 Minimum thickness of Solid Non-Prestressed
One-way Slabs
Support Condition Minimum h[1]
Simply Supported L/20
One- end continuous L/24
Both end Continuous L/28
Cantilever L/10
NSCP-2015 on Temperature bars
NSCP-2015 on Temperature bars
Temperature bars as provided in the older version of NSCP
Note: Spacing of temperature bars should not exceed 5h or 450mm.
Reinforcement Spacing (NSCP-2015)
NSCP-2015
407.7.2 Reinforcement Spacing
407.2.1 Minimum spacing s shall be in accordance with Section 425.2
407.7.2.2 For non-prestressed and class C prestressed slabs, spacing of
bonded longitudinal reinforcement closed to the tension face shall not
exceed s calculated in accordance with section 424.3
407.7.2.3 Maximum spacing s of the deformed reinforcement shall be
the lesser of 3h and 450 mm.
407.7.2.4 Spacing of reinforcement required by Section 407.5.2.3 shall
not exceed the lesser of 5h and 450 mm.
Reinforcement Spacing (NSCP-2015)
NSCP-2015
407.7.3 Flexural Reinforcement in Non-Prestressed Slabs
407.7.3.1 Calculated tensile and compressive force in reinforcement at each
section of the slab have to be developed on each side of the section.
407.7.3.2 Critical locations for the development of reinforcement are points of
maximum stress and points along the span where bent or terminated tension
reinforcement is no longer required to resist flexure.
407.7.3.3 Reinforcement shall extend beyond the point at which it is no longer
required to resist flexure for a distance at least the greater of d and 12db, except at
the support of simply-supported spans and at the free ends of cantilever.
407.7.3.4 Continuing flexural tension reinforcement shall have an embedment
length at least ld beyond the point where bent or terminated tension
reinforcement is no longer required to resist flexure.
Calculate Ru
Mu
Rm = Ru =
bd 2
6) Check for rho minimum
Reinforcement Type Fy, MPa As,min
Deformed bars < 420 0.0020Ag
Deformed bars or ≥ 420
welded wire
Greater of
reinforcement 0.0018 ( 420 )
Ag or 0.0014A g
fy
0.002h 0.002 (125 )
min = = = 0.0025 = 0.00776; ok!
d 100
Recommended value of
rho maximum, ρMAX for
tension- controlled design
Note:
fc ' = 27.6 MPa 4, 000 psi
fy = 276MPa 40, 000 psi
Steel ratio to be used
min = 0.0025 = 0.00776 max = 0.0271
Use =0.00776
Required Steel Area
As = bd = 0.00776 (1000 )(100 )
As = 776 mm 2
10 mm dia at 300 mm on
center alternate bend up
near supports
La=3.0m
A A
12 mm dia at 125 mm on
center alternate bend up
near supports
Section A-A
100mm
25mm
Another example
Engr. Ricardo L. Fornis, MSc
When L/W is 2 or more
1 2 2’ 3
A
1’ 3
’
4
Design the slab shown.
S1 S1 S1 S1 10 m
Design Data
S1 S1
fc’=17 MPa
fy=276 Mpa
B
Floor live load= 5kPa
6@2.5=15m
Floor Framing Plan
1 1 2
’
2.5m 2.5m
Elevation view
Relevant NSCP 2015 Provisions
407.3.1 Minimum Slab Thickness
407.3.1.1 For solid non-prestressed slabs not supporting or attached
to partitions or other construction likely to be damaged by large
deflections, overall slab thickness h shall not be less than the limits
in Table 407.3.1.1, unless the calculated deflection limits of Section
407.3.2.are satisfied.
Table 407.3.1.1 Minimum thickness of Solid Non-Prestressed
One-way Slabs
Support Condition Minimum h[1]
Simply Supported L/20
One- end continuous L/24
Both end Continuous L/28
Cantilever L/10
[1] Expression applicable for normal weight concrete and fy=420
Mpa. For other cases, minimum h shall be modified in accordance
with sections 407.3.1.1.1 through 407.3.1.1.3
407.3.1.1.1 For fy other 420 MPa, the expressions in
fy
Table 407.3.1.1 shall be multiplied by 0.4 +
700
407.3.1.1.2 For non-prestressed slabs made of light
weight concrete having w c in the range 1440 to 1840 kg/m3 ,
the expression in Table 407.3.1.1 shall be multiplied by the
greater of ( a ) or ( b ) :
a ) 1.65 - 0.0003wc
b) 1.09
407.6.1 Minimum Flexural reinforcement in Non-prestressed
Slabs
407.6.1.1 A minimum area of flexural reinforcement As,min
shall be provided in accordance with Table 407.6.1.1
Table 407.6.1.1 As,min minimum for
non-prestressed One-way slabs
Reinforcement Fy, MPa As,min
Type
Deformed bars < 420 0.0020Ag
Deformed bars or ≥ 420
Greater of
welded wire
reinforcement 0.0018 ( 420 )
Ag or 0.0014A g
fy
Solution
Given : Span L = 2.5m; fc ' = 17 MPa; fy = 276 MPa
Minimum thickness for One end continuous :
2.5 (1000 ) 276
h= 0.4 +
24 700
h = 82.74mm, Try h=100 mm,
Effective Depth
of Slab
Effective depth
1
d = h − cc − db
2
1
d = h − cc − d b
2
1
d = 100 − 20 − (12 )
2
d = 74mm
Solution
Load Calculations
Dead Loads
Weight of slab: ws = ( thickness ) (1-m strip) ( unit weight concrete )
ws = (0.1)(1)(23.5) = 2.35 kN / m
Weight of tiles: wt = ( weight per square meter ) (1-m strip)
ws = (0.3)(1) = 0.30 kN / m
wDL = 2.35 + 0.3 = 2.65kN / m
Dead Loads
Floor live load: wL = ( load per square meter ) (1-m strip)
ws = (5)(1) = 5 kN / m
Solution
Factored Loads Calculations
wu = 1.2 wDL + 1.6 wLL
wu = 1.2 ( 2.65 ) + 1.6 ( 5 ) = 11.18 kN / m
2.5m 2.5m
L
w
2.5m 2.5m
R1 R2 R1
Solution (Shear and Moment)
L Consistent Deformation
w
w = R2
2.5m 2.5m
5wL4 R2 L3
=
15𝑤 25𝑤 15𝑤 384 EI 48 EI
16 8 16
5wL 5w ( 5 ) 25w
R2 = = =
8 8 8
25/16 15/16 1 25w 15w
15/16 25/16 R1 = 5w − =
2 8 16
Mu = 0.78125wu
0.43945w 0.43945w
M u = 0.78125 (11.18 ) = 8.734kN .m
-0.78125w
Steel ratio to be
used
Mu 8.734 x106
Ru = = = 1.772
bd 0.9 (1000 )( 74 )
2 2
0.85 fc ' 2 Ru
= 1 − 1 −
fy 0.85 fc '
0.85 (17 ) 2 (1.772 )
= 1 − 1 − = 0.00687
276 0.85 (17 )
Steel ratio to be used
Solve rho balanced for reference
0.85 fc ' 1 600
b =
fy fy + 600
0.85 (17 )( 0.85 ) 600
b =
276 276 + 600
b = 0.03048
min = 0.0020 as required by the code
min = 0.002 = 0.00687 b = 0.03048
Use =0.00687
Bar size and spacing
Use = 0.00687
As = bd = ( 0.00687 )(1000 )( 74 ) = 508.38 mm 2
Compare with As, min = 0.0020bh
As, min = 0.0020 (1000 )(100 ) = 200mm 2 508.38mm 2 ;okay!
(12 )
2
Try 12 mm bars; Ab = = 113mm 2
4
Spacing of bars
S 1000
=
113 508.38
S=
(113)(1000 )
= 222mm say 200 mm o.c.
508.38
NSCP-2015 on Temperature bars
Table 424.4.3.2 Minimum Ratios of Deformed Shrinkage and
Temperature Reinforcement Area to Gross Concrete Area
Reinforcement Type fy in MPa Minimum
reinforcement ratio
Deformed bars fy <420 0.0020
Deformed bars or 0.0018 × 420
welded wire 𝑓𝑦
reinforcement 𝑓𝑦 ≥ 420
0.0014
424.4.3.3 The spacing of the deformed shrinkage and
temperature reinforcement shall not exceed the lesser of 5h and
450 mm
Temperature bars
Use =0.002
As = bh = ( 0.002 )(1000 )(100 ) = 200 mm 2
(10 )
2
Try 10mm dia bars; Ab = = 78.5mm 2
4
Spacing of bars
S 1000
=
78.5 200
S=
( 78.5 )(1000 )
= 392.5 mm say 375mm
200
Allowed by the code: S is smaller of
5h=5(100)=500mm or 450 mm.
Use S=375 mm o.c. of 10 mm dia for temperature bars
L1 L2 L3
At face
At face
12 mm dia for main
reinforcements 250 150 75 100 100 75 75 125 200
spaced at (mm) o.c.
Temperature bars
(100 mm dia) 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250
spaced at (mm) o.c.
End of Lecture
