Introductory Hydrology AMIT
Example 1:
1. Rainfall recorded by a self recording rain gauge for the
flood event on 28th August, 1996 at a station is given
below. Construct a RF mass curve & plot the
hyetograph for the event.
Time (h)9 9.5 10 10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.25
RF (cm) 0 0.55 2.25 3.5 3.85 4.25 4.5 4.85 5.3 5.4
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Introductory Hydrology AMIT
Solution:
Calculation of
rainfall intensity
cumulative rainfall Rainfall depth Rainfall
Time(h) (mm) (mm) Intensity(mm/hr)
9 0
9.5 5.5 5.5 11
10 22.5 17 34
10.5 35 12.5 25
11 38.5 3.5 7
11.5 42.5 4 8
12 45 2.5 5
12.5 48.5 3.5 7
13 53 4.5 9
13.25 54 1 4
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Introductory Hydrology AMIT
Rainfall mass curve
60
50
Cumulative Rainfall (mm)
40
30
Rainfall mass curve
20
10
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
Time (hr)
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Introductory Hydrology AMIT
Example 2;
The various data were obtained for rains of
various durations at a station for 31 years. The
records were analyzed and eleven worst storms of
various duration have been stipulated in their
decreasing order as shown below
Plot the intensity-Duration curves for storms of
frequencies
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Introductory Hydrology AMIT
5min 10min 15 min 30 min 60min 90 min 120 min
Year ppt Year ppt Year ppt Year ppt Year ppt Year ppt Year ppt
1908 0.85 1908 1.20 1908 1.40 1908 1.74 1908 2.15 1908 2.46 1915 2.97
1921 0.76 1915 1.04 1915 1.18 1915 1.55 1915 1.92 1915 2.38 1908 2.63
1915 0.73 1921 0.93 1904 1.11 1915 1.36 1915 1.70 1904 2.14 1904 2.34
1934 0.72 1904 0.88 1921 1.03 1921 1.22 1926 1.45 1921 1.81 1921 2.12
1929 0.66 1926 0.84 1926 0.97 1926 1.18 1921 1.40 1926 1.65 1926 1.83
1926 0.62 1934 0.80 1934 0.92 1931 1.10 1914 1.33 1914 1.50 1917 1.64
1931 0.51 1929 0.78 1929 0.90 1934 1.05 1931 1.25 1931 1.40 1914 1.55
1904 0.45 1931 0.68 1931 0.82 1929 1.01 1934 1.20 1917 1.36 1931 1.51
1917 0.36 1911 0.52 1911 0.67 1911 0.95 1929 1.14 1934 1.34 1934 1.46
1914 0.28 1917 0.51 1917 0.62 1917 0.83 1911 1.11 1929 1.27 1929 1.41
1911 4/2/2017
0.21 1914 0.39 1914 0.50 Bedlu.G0.79
1914 1917 1.09 1911 1.23 1911 5 1.34
Introductory Hydrology AMIT
Solution
First of all calculate the frequency of varies storms using
S.N 5 minute 10 min 15 min 30 min 60 min 90 min 120min M= T=Freq
o ppt(cm) ppt(cm) ppt(cm) ppt(cm) ppt(cm) ppt(cm) ppt(cm) rankin uency
g of =N/m
storm
1 0.85 1.20 1.40 1.74 2.15 2.46 2.97 1 11
2 0.76 1.04 1.18 1.55 1.92 2.38 2.63 2 5.5
3 0.73 0.93 1.11 1.36 1.70 2.14 2.34 3 3.7
4 0.72 0.88 1.03 1.22 1.45 1.81 2.12 4 2.8
5 0.66 0.84 0.97 1.18 1.40 1.65 1.83 5 2.2
6 0.62 0.80 0.92 1.10 1.33 1.50 1.64 6 1.8
7 0.51 0.78 0.90 1.05 1.25 1.40 1.55 7 1.6
8 0.45 0.68 0.82 1.01 1.20 1.36 1.51 8 1.4
9 0.36 0.52 0.67 0.95 1.14 1.34 1.46 9 1.2
10 0.28 0.51 0.62 0.83 1.11 1.27 1.41 10 1.1
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11 0.21 0.39 0.50 0.79 1.09 1.23 1.34 11 1.0
Introductory Hydrology AMIT
Average Intensity for different durations such as
5,10,15,30,60,90and 120 minutes are then worked
out for different frequencies.
For example take 11,1.4 and 1.0 years frequencies
For frequency=11 years
Duration in
minutes Ppt in cm Av.intensityin cm/hr col(2)*60/col (1)
(1) (2) (3)
5 0.85 0.85*60/5=12.20
10 1.2 1.2*60/10=7.20
15 1.4 1.4*60/15=5.6
30 1.74 1.74*60/30=3.88
60 2.15 2.15*60/60=2.15
90 2.46 2.46*60/90=1.64
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120 2.97 Bedlu.G 2.97*60/120=1.42 7
Introductory Hydrology AMIT
For frequency=1.4 years
Duration in minutes Ppt in cm Av.intensityin cm/hr col(2)*60/col (1)
(1) (2) (3)
5 0.45 0.45*60/5=5.40
10 0.68 0.68*60/10=4.01
15 0.82 0.82*60/15=3.28
30 1.01 1.01*60/30=2.02
60 1.20 1.20*60/60=1.20
90 1.36 1.36*60/90=0.90
120
4/2/2017 1.51 Bedlu.G 1.51*60/120=1.42 8
Introductory Hydrology AMIT
For frequency=1.0 years
Duration in minutes Ppt in cm Av.intensityin cm/hr col(2)*60/col (1)
(1) (2) (3)
5 0.21 0.21*60/5=2.52
10 0.39 0.39*60/10=2.34
15 0.50 0.50*60/15=2.00
30 0.79 0.79*60/30=1.58
60 1.09 1.09*60/60=1.00
90 1.23 1.23*60/90=0.82
120
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Introductory Hydrology AMIT
The three curves corresponding to three frequencies
10
can then be plotted by using the above values
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11
Exercise
2. The following data from a self recording gauge during a
storm are obtained.
Time (h) 10.15 10.3 11 11.3 12 12.3 12.45 13
Cum. RF (cm) 2.2 4 5.1 6.7 8.8 9.1 9.5 9.7
Plot the RF hyetograph. Also plot an intensity-duration
curve from the data.
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