Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

LAB MANUAL

QUANTITY SURVEYING

Submitted To: Sir MUHAMMAD AHSAN

Submitted By: SYED SHAH HUSSAIN

Section: C-V-3-N

Registration no: Bscet01183123

THE UNIVERSITY OF LAHORE

DEPARTMENT OF TECHNOLOGY (CIVIL DIVISION

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Lab No#1
INTRODUCTION TO SUBJECT

1. ESTIMATION

Estimation is the scientific way of working out the approximate cost of an engineering
project before execution of the work.

 It is totally different from calculation of the exact cost after completion of the project.
 Estimation requires a thorough Knowledge of the construction procedures and cost of
materials & labour in addition to the skill, experience, foresight and good judgment.
2. ESTIMATES
An estimate of the cost of a construction job is the probable cost of that job as computed
from plans and specifications.

 For a good estimate the, actual cost of the proposed work after completion should not
differ by more than 5 to 10 % from its approximate cost estimate, provided there are no
unusual, unforeseen circumstances.
3. NEED FOR ESTIMATE
 It help to work out the approximate cost of the project in order to decide its feasibility with
respect to the cost and to ensure the financial resources, it the proposal is approved.
 Requirements of controlled materials, such as cement and steel can be estimated for
making applications to the controlling authorities.
 It is used for framing the tenders for the works and to check contractor’s work during and
after the execution for the purpose of making payments to the contractor.
 From quantities of different items of work calculated in detailed estimation, resources are
allocated to different activities of the project and ultimately their durations and whole
planning and scheduling of the project is carried out.
4. SITE CONDITIONS AFFECTING THE OVERALL COST
 Each type of work requires a different method of construction. Construction may be of an
ordinary house or office and it may also be of a Dam, Tunnel, Multistory building, Airport,
Bridge, or a Road, already in operation. Each of these works requires totally different
construction techniques, type of machinery, and formwork.
 Quality of labour and labour output varies in different localities.
 Weather conditions greatly affect the output and, hence, the overall cost.

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

 Ground conditions vary and change the method of construction. For example, excavation
may be dry, wet, hard, soft, shallow or deep requiring different efforts.
 The work may be in open ground such as fields or it may be in congested areas such as
near or on the public roads, necessitating extensive watching, lightening, and controlling
efforts, etc.
 The source of availability of a sufficient supply of materials of good quality is also a factor.
 The availability of construction machinery also affects the method of construction.
 Access to the site must be reasonable. If the access is poor, temporary roads may be
constructed.
5. ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF A GOOD ESTIMATOR
 In preparing an estimate, the Estimator must have good knowledge regarding the important
rules of quantity surveying.
 He must thoroughly understand the drawings of the structure, for which he is going to
prepare an estimate.
 He must also be clearly informed about the specifications showing nature and classes of
works and the materials to be used because the rates at which various types of works can
be executed depend upon its specifications.
 A good estimator of construction costs should possess the following capabilities, also:-
 Knowledge of the details of construction work.
 Experience in construction work.
 Having information regarding the materials required, machinery needed, overhead
problems, and costs of all kinds.
 Good judgment with regard to different localities, different jobs and different workmen.
 Selection of a good method for preparing an estimate.
 Ability to be careful, thorough, hard working and accurate.
 Ability to collect, classify and evaluate data relating to estimation.
 Before preparing the estimate, the estimator should visit the site and make a study of
conditions, there. For example, if the construction of a large building is planned, the
estimator or his representative should visit the site and:
 Note the location of the proposed building.
 Get all data available regarding the soil.
 Make a sketch of the site showing all important details.
 Obtain information concerning light, power, and water.
 Secure information concerning banking facilities.
 Note conditions of streets leading to railway yards and to material dealers, and
Investigate general efficiency of local workman

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

LABNO#2
TYPES OF ESTIMATES

There are two main types of estimates:-

 Rough cost estimate.

 Detailed estimate.
Depending upon the purpose of estimate, some types of detailed estimate are as follows:-

a) Contractor's estimate

b) Engineer's estimate

c) Progress estimate

ROUGH COST ESTIMATE

 Estimation of cost before construction from plans or architectural drawings of the

project scheme, when even detailed or structural design has not been carried out,
is called Rough cost estimate.
 These estimates are used for obtaining Administrative Approval from the
concerning Authorities.
 Sometimes, on the basis of rough cost estimates, a proposal may be dropped
altogether.
 Unit cost is worked out for projects similar to the project under consideration
carried out recently in nearly the same site conditions.
 Unit cost means cost of execution of a unit quantity of the work.
 To find rough cost of any project, this worked average unit cost is multiplied with
total quantity of the present work in the same units.
 For example, in case of a building, plinth area of the proposed building is
worked out, which is then multiplied by the cost per unit areaof similar building
actually constructed in the near past in nearly the same site conditions, to find out
the rough cost estimate of the building.
 This cost is sometimes adjusted by the average percentage rise in the cost of
ROUGH COST ESTIMATE METHOD

a) Plinth area method

b) Cubical content method
c) Per unit cost

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

DETAILED ESTIMATE

• Detailed estimates are prepared by carefully and separately calculating in detail the costs of
various items of the work that constitute the whole project from the detailed working
drawings after the design has been finalized.

• The mistakes, if any, in the rough cost estimate are eliminated in the detailed estimate.

• Detailed estimates are submitted to the competent authorities for obtaining technical
sanction.

• The whole project is sub-divided into different items of work or activities. The quantity for
each item is then calculated separately from the drawings as accurately as possible. The
procedure is known as "taking out of quantities".

• The quantities for each item may be estimated and shown in the pattern which is called
"Bill of quantities."

• Each item of the work is then multiplied by its estimated current rate calculated by a fixed
procedure to find out cost of the item.

• At the end, a total of all items of the work are made to get the total estimated cost.

METHODS OF DETAILED ESTIMATE

 The dimensions, length, breadth and height or depth are to be taken out from the working
drawings (plan, elevation and section).

 Junctions of walls, corners and the meeting points of walls require special attention.

 For symmetrical footings, which is the usual case, earthwork in excavation in

foundations, foundation concrete, brickwork in foundation and plinth, and brickwork in
superstructure may be estimated by either of the two methods:

(1) SEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALL METHOD

(2) CENTER LINE METHOD

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

1. SEPARATE OR INDIVIDUAL WALLS METHOD

 The walls running in one direction are termed as "long walls” and the walls running in
the transverse direction, as "Short waLls", without keeping in mind which wall is lesser
in length and which wall is greater in length.

 Lengths of long walls are measured or found "Out-to out" and those of short walls as "In-
to-in".

 Different quantities are calculated by multiplying the length by the breadth and the height
of the wall.

 The same rule applies to the excavation in foundation, to concrete bed in foundation,
D.P.C., masonry in foundation and super structure etc.

 For symmetrical footing on either side, the center line remains same for super structure,
foundation and plinth. So, the simple method is to find out the centre-to-centre lengths of
long walls and short walls from the plan.

Long wall length out-to-out

= Center to center length + half breadth on one Side + half breadth on other side.

= Center to center length + one breadth

Short wall length in-to-in = Center to Center length - one breadth.

This method can also be worked out in a quicker way., as follows:

2. PLINTH AREA METHOD

Give Data
 Prepare and approximately estimate of building projects total plinth area of all building is
1200 meter square.
 Plinth area rate = 5000 per meter square
 Cost of water supply = 7.5%
 Cost of sanitary and electrical installation = 7.5%

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

 Cost of lawn = 5%
 Cost of consistency = 4%
 Plinth area = 1200m²
 Plinth area rate = 5000per m²

Solution

 Cost of structure = 5000x1200 = 6000000R/s

 Cost of Water Supply = 7.5/100x6000000 = 450000R/s
 Cost of sanitary = 7.5/100x6000000 = 450000R/s
 Cost of Electrical Installation = 7.5/100x6000000 = 450000R/s
 Cost of installation = 5/100 x 6000000 = 300000R/s
 Cost of contingencies = 4/100 x 6000000 = 224000
 Total cost = 7819000 R/s
3. CUBICAL CONCRETE METHOD
Q.The plinth area residetional building is 800m² determine the total cost of the building from
the following data.
Given Data
 Plinth area = 800m²
 Rate of construction = 1800 per m²
 Height of building =10m
 Water supply = 6%
 Electrical Installation = 6%
 Contigencies = 4%
 Volume = 800x10= 18000m²

Solution:

 Cost of structure = 14400000R/s

 Water Supply = 6/100 x 14400000 = 864000R/s
 Electrical Installation = 6/100 x 14400000 = 864000R/s
 Contingencies = 4/100 x 14400000 = 5760000R/s
 Total Cost = 16704000

4. PER UNIT COST

Prepare and approximate estimate of a hostel 150 students. Cost of construction for each Bed
is R/s 15000 per student determining the total cost of the building.
Given Data
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 Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

 No of Students = 150
 Per bed Cost/Student = 15000R/s
Solution:
 Cost of building = 150 x 15000

 Total Cost = 225000R/s

DETAILED ESTIMATE

(BOQ) or Detailed measurement Form

Item
No Description No Length Breadth Height Quantity Unit Remarks
3
1 Excavation 1 M m M m
2 Concrete (1:4:8) 1 M m M m3
Brick Work in foundation
3 1 M m M m3
& Plinth
1 Step 1 M m M m3
2 Step 1 M m M m3
4 D.P.C (1:2:4) 1 M m M m3
Brick Work in Super
5 1 M m M m3
Structure
6 Deducation Windows 2 M m M m3
7 Deducation wholes 3 M m M m3
Comments:

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Lab No#3
TO DETERMINE THE BILL OF QUANTITY OF I-WALL,H-WALL AND F-WALL.

I-Wall

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 Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Table:

Item
No Description No Length Breadth Height Quantity Unit Remarks
6+(0.70-0.3)
1 Excavation 1 6.4m 0.7m 0.5m 2.24 m3
= 6.4m
2 Concrete (1:4:8) 1 6.4m 0.7m 0.3m 1.34 m3

Brick Work in
3 _ _ _ _ m3
foundation & Plinth

6+(0.5-0.3)
1 Step 1 6.2m 0.5m 0.2m 0.62 m3 =6.2
6+(0.4-0.3)
2 Step 1 6.1m 0.4m 0.6m 1.46 m3
=6.1
Total = 2.08

4 D.P.C (1:2:4) 1 6m 0.3m _ 1.8 m3

Brick Work in Super

5 1 6m 0.3m 3m 5.4 m3
Structure

(a)Plaster (1:4) up to
6 2 6.1m _ 0.6m 7.32 m2 6+(0.4-0.3)
Plinth
=6.1

(b)Plaster at ends up 2 _ 0.4m 0.6m 0.48

to Plinth

(c)Plaster in Super 2 6m _ 3m 36 m²
Structure

(d)Plaster in super 2 _ 0.3m 3m 1.8 m²

Structure Ends

Total = 45.6

Same as item
7 White Wash 2 _ _ _
No.6 (Plaster)

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

H-Wall

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 Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Table:

Item No Description No Length Breadth Height Quantity Unit Remarks

1 Excavation
15+(0.7-
Long Wall 2 1.54m 0.7m 0.5m 10.78m m3
0.3)=15.4m
10-(0.7-
Short Wall 1 9.6m 0.7m 0.5m 3.36m m3
0.3)=9.6m
Total = 14.14
Concrete Work in
2
foundation (1:4:8)
Long Wall 2 15.4m 0.7m 0.3m 6.46m
Short Wall 1 9.6m 0.7m 0.3m 2.01m
Total = 8.47
Brick Work in
3 foundation & _ _ _ _ m3
Plinth
Long Wall
15+(0.5-
1 Step 2 15.2m 0.5m 0.2m 3.04m m3
0.3)=15.2m
2 Step 2 15.1m 0.4m 0.6m 7.24m m3
Short Wall
10-(0.5-
1 Step 1 9.8m 0.5m 0.2m 0.98m
0.3)=9.8m
2 Step 1 9.9m 0.4m 0.6m 2.376m
Total = 13.644m
4 D.P.C (1:2:4)
Long Wall 2 15m 0.3m _ 9m m2
Short Wall 1 10m 0.3m _ 3m m2
Total = 12m
Brick Work in
5
Super Structure
Long Wall 2 15 0.3m 3m 27m m3
Short Wall 1 10 0.3m 3m 9m m3
Total = 36m
6 Plaster (1:4)
(a)Long Wall up
4 15m _ 3m 180m m2
to plinth
(b)Short Wall up 2 10m _ 3m 60m m2
to Plinth
Total = 240m
(c) Deduction in
Plaster up to
plinth
Long Wall 2 _ 0.4m 0.6m 0.48m m2
(d)Deduction in
super Structure

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Long Wall 2 _ 0.3m 3m 0.9m m2

Total = 1.38m
Same as item
7 White Wash _ _ _
No.6 (Plaster)

F-Wall:

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 Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Table:

1 Excavation
15+(0.7-
wall no 1 1 6.4m 0.7m 0.5m 2.240m m3
0.3)=15.4m
10-(0.7-
wall no 2 1 4m 0.7m 0.5m 1.14m m3
0.3)=9.6m
wall no 3 1 3m 0.7 0.5m 1.05m m3
Total
4.69
=

Concrete Work in
2
foundation (1:4:8)

wall no 1 1 6.4m 0.7m 0.3m 1.344m m3

wall no 2 1 4m 0.7m 0.3m 0.84m m3

wall no 3 1 3m 0.7 0.3m 0.63m m3

Total
2.814
=

Brick Work in
3 _ _ _ _ m3
foundation & Plinth

wall no 1
15+(0.5-
1 Step 1 6.2m 0.5m 0.2m 0.62m m3
0.3)=15.2m
2 Step 1 6.1m 0.4m 0.6m 1.464 m3

wall no 2
10-(0.5-
1 Step 1 4m 0.5m 0.2m 0.4m m3
0.3)=9.8m
2 Step 1 4m 0.4m 0.6m 0.96m m3
Total
wall no 3 13.644m m3
=
1 Step 1 3m 0.5m 0.2m 0.3m m3

2 Step 1 3m 0.4m 0.6m 0.72m m3

Total
4.464m
=

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 Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

4 D.P.C (1:2:4)

wall no 1 1 6m 0.3m _ 1.8m m2

wall no 2 1 4m 0.3m _ 1.2m m2

wall no 3 1 3m 0.3m _ 0.9m m2

Total
3.9m
=

Brick Work in Super

5
Structure

wall no 1 1 6m 0.3m 4m 7.2m m3

wall no 2 1 4m 0.3m 4m 4.8m m3

wall no 3 1 3m 0.3m 4m 3.6m

Total
15.6m
=
(a)plaster in plinth
6
(1:4)
wall no 1 2 6.1m _ 0.6m 7.82m m2

wall no 2 2 4m _ 0.6m 4.8m m2

wall no 3 2 3m _ 0.6m 3.6m

Plaster in super
structure

wall no 1 2 6m _ 4m 48m m2

wall no 2 2 4m _ 4m 32m

wall no 3 2 3m _ 4m 24m m2
Total
119.72m
=
Same
7 White wash as item
no 6

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Comments:

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Lab#4
PREPARE MATERIAL ESTIMATE FOR A SINGLE ROOM COMPLETE IN ALL
RESPECT.
 FOR LONG WALLS
• First of all, find the length of the foundation trench of the long wall “out-to-out” in the
same manner as explained above.

• The length of the foundation concrete is the same.

• For the length of the first footing or first step of the brick wall, subtract two offsets
(2x6"=12") in foundation concrete from the length of the trench or concrete.
 For the second footing subtract from the length of the 1st footing two offsets (2x2.25"=
4.5"), for 3rd footing subtract from the length of the 2nd footing 2 offsets (4.5") and in
this way deal with the long walls up to the super-structure.
 FOR SHORT WALLS
Follow the same method but instead of subtracting add two offsets to get the
corresponding lengths in-to-in.

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 Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

LONG WALL SHORT WALL METHOD FOR SINGLE ROOM

Sr. No. Description No. Length Width Height Quantity Unit Remarks
1 Excavation
Long wall 2 6.2 0.9 0.9 10.044 m3
Short wall 2 3.4 0.9 0.9 5.508 m3

2 Concrete in foundation
Long wall 2 6.2 0.9 0.3 3.35 m3
Short wall 2 3.4 0.9 0.3 1.84 m3

3 Brick work in foundation

Long wall
Step 1 2 5.9 0.6 0.3 2.124 m3
Step 2 2 5.8 0.5 0.3 1.74 m3
Plinth Step 2 5.7 0.4 0.6 2.736 m3
Short wall
step 1 2 3.7 0.6 0.3 1.332 m3
step 2 2 3.8 0.5 0.3 1.14 m3
Plinth Step 2 3.9 0.4 0.6 1.872 m3

4 D.P.C (2.5cm)
Long wall 2 5.7 0.4 _ 4.56 m2
Short wall 2 3.9 0.4 _ 3.62 m2

5 Brick work in super structure

Long wall 2 5.6 0.3 3.5 11.76 m3
Short wall 2 4 0.3 3.5 8.4 m3

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Window Window

Shell

4x6 6x6
mm mm

Shell

D= 1.2mx2.10m
W= 1mx1.5m
S= 1mx1.5m
Wall thickness= 30cm
Lintels bearing= 15cm

Door Door

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 Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

LONG WALL SHORT WALL METHOD DOUBLE ROOM

Item No Description No Length Breadth Height Quantity Unit Remarks

1 Excavation
10.9+(1.1-
Long Wall 2 11.7m 1.1m 1m 25.74m m3
0.3)=11.7m
6-(1.1-
Short Wall 3 5.2m 1.1m 1m 17.16m m3
0.3)=5.2m
Total = 42.16m
Concrete Work in
2
foundation (1:4:8)
Long Wall 2 11.7m 1.1m 0.3m 7.72m m3
Short Wall 3 5.2m 1.1m 0.3m 5.148m m3
Total = 12.9 m3
Brick Work in
3
foundation & Plinth
Long Wall
1 Step 2 11.4m 0.8m 0.2m 3.648m m3

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

2 Step 2 11.3m 0.7m 0.1m 1.356m m3

3 Step 2 11.2 0.6m 0.1m 1.344m m3
4 Step 2 11.1m 0.5m 0.1m 1.11m m3
5 Step 2 11 0.4m 0.8m 7.046m
Short wall
1 Step 3 5.5m 0.8m 0.2m 2.64m m3
2 Step 3 5.6m 0.7m 0.1m 1.176m m3
3 Step 3 5.7m 0.6m 0.1m 1.026m m3
4 Step 3 5.8m 0.5m 0.1m 0.87m m3
5 Step 3 5.9m 0.4m 0.8m 5.664m m3

Total= 25.912m m3
4 D.P.C (1:2:4)
Long Wall 2 11m 0.4m _ 8.8m m2
Short Wall 3 5.5m 0.4m _ 7.08m m2
Total = 15.88m m2
5 Brick Work in Super
(a) Structure

Long Wall 2 11 0.3m 4.2m 27.468m m3

Short Wall 3 5.9 0.3m 4.2m 22.68m m3
Total = 50.148m
(b) Deduction
Doors 2 1.2 0.3 1.512
Windows 4 1 0.3 2.10 1.8
Shadows 2 1 0.3 1.5 0.6
(c) Deduction for Lintel

Doors Lintel 4 1.3 0.3 0.15 0.234

Windows Lintel 2 1.3 0.3 0.15 0.11

4.391
Shades Lintel 0.15
50.148-
Total=
(d) 4.391
Actual Quantity
=45.757

Plaster in Super
6
Structure(1:4)
(a)Long Wall 4 10.9m _ 4.2m 183.12m m2
(b)Short Wall 6 6m _ 4.2m 151.2m m2
Total = 334.32

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

(c) Deduction in
super Structure

For Joints 6 0.3m _ 4.2m 7.56m m2

Doors 2 1.2 _ 2.10 5.04 m2
Windows 4 1 _ 1.5 6 m2
Total= 18.06

Actual Quantity 334.32-

18.06
=316.26

R.C.C Work for

7 1 10.9 6.6 0.15 10.79
Slab
COMMENTS

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

LAB#5
CENTRE LINE METHOD

In this method, total length of centre lines of walls, long and short, has to be found out.

• Find the total length of centre lines of walls of same type, having same type of foundations
and footings and then find the quantities by multiplying the total centre length by the
respective breadth and the height.
• In this method, the length will remain the same for excavation in foundations, for concrete
in foundations, for all footings, and for superstructure (with slight difference when there
are cross walls or number of junctions).
• This method is quicker but requires special attention and considerations at the junctions,
meeting points of partition or cross walls.
• For rectangular, circular polygonal (hexagonal, octagonal etc) buildings having no inter or
cross walls, this method is quite simple.
• For buildings having cross or partition walls, for every junction, half breadth of the
respective item or footing is to be deducted from the total centre length.
• Thus in the case of a building with one partition wall or cross wall having two junctions,
deduct one breadth of the respective item of work from the total centre length.\
• For buildings having different types of walls, each set of walls shall have to be dealt
separate.
• Find the total centre length of all walls of one type and proceed in the same manner as
described above. Similarly find the total centre length of walls of second type and deal this
separately, and so on.
• Suppose the outer walls (main walls) are of A type and inner cross walls are of B type.
• Then all A type walls shall be taken jointly first, and then all B type walls shall be taken
together separately.
• In such cases, no deduction of any kind need be made for A type walls, but when B type
walls are taken, for each junction deduction of half breadth of A type walls (main Walls)
shall have to be made from the total centre length of B type walls.
• At corners of the building where two walls are meeting, no subtraction or addition is
required.
• In the figure, the double cross-hatched areas marked P,Q,R, & S come twice, while blank
areas, A,B,C, & D do not come at all, but these portions being equal in magnitude, we get
the correct quantity.

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 Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

SINGLE ROOM Center Line Method

Sr. No. Description No. Length Width Height Quantity Unit Remarks
1 Excavation 1 19.2 0.9 0.9 15.52 m3
2 Concrete in foundation 1 19.2 0.9 0.3 5.184 m3
3 Brick work in foundation m3
Step 1 1 19.2 0.6 0.3 3.456 m3
Step 2 1 19.2 0.5 0.3 2.88 m3
Plinth Step 1 19.2 0.4 0.6 4.6 m3

4 D.P.C (2.5cm) 1 19.2 3.5 7.68 m2

Brick work in super
5 structure 1 19.2 0.3 3.5 20.16 m3

DOUBLE ROOM CENTER LINE METHOD

Item
No Description No Length Breadth Height Quantity Unit Remarks
1 Excavation 1 39m 1.1m 1m 42.9m m3
Concrete Work in
2 1 39m 1.1m 0.3m 12.87m m3
foundation (1:4:8)
Brick Work in
3 _ _ _ _ m3
foundation & Plinth
15+(0.5-
1 Step 1 39.3m 0.8m 0.2m 6.288m m3
0.3)=15.2m
2 Step 1 39.4m 0.7m 0.1m 2.758m m3
3 Step 1 39.5m 0.6m 0.1m 2.37m
10-(0.5-
4 Step 1 39.6m 0.5m 0.1m 1.98m m3
0.3)=9.8m
Plinth 1 39.7m 0.4m 0.8m 12.70m m3
Total
26.1m m3
=
4 D.P.C (1:2:4) 1 39.7m 0.4m _ 15.88m m3
Brick Work in
5 1 39.8m 0.3m 4.2m 50.14m m3
Super Structure
Plaster in super
2 39.8m _ 4.2m 334.32m m2
structure

Same
7
White wash as item
no 6

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Comments:

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Lab#6
WORKOUT 1:2:4 CONCRETE FOR FOUNDATIONS, COLUMNS BELOW PLINTH
AND PLINTH BEAMS AND FOR COLUMNS ABOVE PLINTH ROOF BEAMS, ROOF
SLABS AND PROJECTIONS.

Solution:

Footing A” Volume = 2x2x0.6 =2.4 meter cube

Column A” Volume = 0.4x0.4x3.4 = 0.544 meter cube

Footing B” Square shape = 2x2x0.3 =1.2 meter cube

Footing B” Slope shape Volume = (A1 + A2 + √A1 x A2 ) H/3

4 + 0.09 + √4 x 0.09 ) 0.7/3 = 1.094 meter cube

Column B” Volume = 0.4x0.4x3 = 0.48 meter cube

Voume of plinth beam = 7.8x0.3x0.3 =0.702 metere cube

Column (A) up to plinth volume = .4 x .4 x 5 = .8 m3

Column (B) up to plinth volume = .4 x .4 x 5 = .8 m3

Volume of slab = 7.8 x .3 x .3 = 0.702 m3

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Total Volume = 8.722 m3

Ratio = (1:2:4)

Sum of ratio = 1+2+4 = 7

Dry Volume = 8.722 x 1.54 = 13.431 m3

Quantity of cement = 1/7 x 13.431 = 1.918 m3

Cement in bags = 1.918/ 0.035 = 55 bags

Quantity of sand = 2/7 x 13.431 = 3.88 m3

Quantity of Aggregates = 4/7 x 13.431 = 7.67 m3

Comments:

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Lab#7
WORKOUT THE QUANTITIES OF SINGLE SPAN AND MULTI SPAN BEAM
REINFORCEMENT FROM GIVEN DRAWING.
BAR BENDING SCHEDULE

Bar bending schedule (or schedule of bars) is a list of reinforcement bars for a given reinforced
concrete works item, and is presented in a tabular form for easy visual reference. Table of bar
bending schedule summarizes all the needed particulars of bars – diameter, shape of bending,
length of each bent and straight portions, angles of bending, total length of each bar, and number
of each type of bar. This information is a great help in preparing an estimate of quantities.

CALCULATION OF REINFORCEMENT SHAPE, CUTTING AND BENDING

LENGTHS

Figure 1 depicts the shape and proportions of hooks and bends in the reinforcement bars these
are standard proportions that are adhered to:

(a) Length of one hook = (4d) + [(4d+ d)] – where, (4d+ d ) refers to the curved portion =
9d.

(b) The additional length (la) that is introduced in the simple, straight end-to-end length of a
reinforcement bar due to being bent up at say 30o to 60o, but it is generally 45o) = l1 –
l2 = la

Where,

Fig: Hooks and bends in Reinforcement

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Given data:

Concrete cover at ends = 32mm

Concrete cover at top and bottom = 35mm

Constant for bending length = 12db

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 Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Sr. Descriptio Shape of bar bending Dia Cutting length of No. of Weight of Total
No. n of each bar (mm) bars bar kg/m weight kg
bar
(mm)
1. Bottom bar 20 (5000 +2x300 2 202 /162.2 29.32
main +2x12x20 - 2(32) = 2.47
(20mm) – 2 x2X 20
= 5936mm
= 5.936m
2. Bent of 20 500 – 2X25 -20 2 202 /162.2 30.17
bars = 430mm = 4.3m = 2.47
(20mm) 0.42x.43= 0.1806m
5.936 + 0.1806
= 6.116m
3. Top bars 16 5000 + 2 x 300 +12 2 162 /162.2 18.51
(16mm) x 16 – 2 x 32 – 2 x = 1.578
2x 16
= 5856mm
= 5.856m
4. Strips 10 2 x 450 + 2 x 250 + 4000/250 102/162.2 17.1
10mm @ 2 x 12x10 16+1 = 0.616
250mm c/c = 1640 mm = 17
XX’ = 1.64m

5. Strips 10 2 x 450 + 2 x 250 + 1536/180 = 0.616 9.1

10mm @ 2 x 12 x 10 8+1
180mm c/c = 1640mm =9 Total 104.27kg
YY’ = 1.64m

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

MULTI SPAN

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Given Data
Concrete cover at end = 40
Concrete Cover at Top bottoms =30

Bottom Bars Dia=25mm

Top Bars Dia=18mm

Bent up Bars Dia=22mm

Cleaer Spain=6000mm

C/C Spacing at XX” 10mm@250

C/C Spacing at YY”10mm@160

Bent up Bar to End=500mm

Beam Width=600mm

Column Breath=400mm

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 Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Sr. Description Shape of bar Dia Cutting length of each bar No. of Weigh Total
No bending of (mm) bars t of weight
. bar bar kg
(m kg/m
m)
1. Main bar 12 3+2(0.15)+2(9)(0.012)- 2 3.85 68.43kg
#12mm@12cm mm 2(0.04)-2(4)(0.012) =3.34m
C/c

2. Main Bent 12 3+2(0.15)+2(9)(0.012 ) 2 2.98 52.83kg

upbars#12mm mm + 2(0.42)(2)-2(0.04)-
@12cm C/c 2(4)(0.012)=4.18m
3. Distributation 6 6+2(0.15)+2(9)(0.006)- 2 1.99 34.03kg
bars mm 2(0.04)-2(4)(0.006)=6.28m
#6mm@18cm
C/c

Comments:

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Lab#8
WORKOUT THE QUANTITIES SLAB REINFORCEMENT FROM GIVEN DRAWING

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 Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Sr. Description Shape of bar Dia Cutting length of each bar No. of Weigh Total
No bending of (mm) bars t of weight
. bar bar kg
(m kg/m
m)
1. Main bar 12 3+2(0.15)+2(9)(0.012)- 2 3.85 68.43kg
#12mm@12cm mm 2(0.04)-2(4)(0.012) =3.34m
C/c
2. Main Bent 12 3+2(0.15)+2(9)(0.012 ) 2 2.98 52.83kg
upbars#12mm mm + 2(0.42)(2)-2(0.04)-
@12cm C/c 2(4)(0.012)=4.18m
3. Distribution 6 6+2(0.15)+2(9)(0.006)- 2 1.99 34.03kg
bars mm 2(0.04)-2(4)(0.006)=6.28m
#6mm@18cm
C/c

Comments:

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Lab#9
WORKOUT THE QUANTITIES COLUMN REINFORCEMENT FROM GIVEN
DRAWING

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Sr.No Description No L B H Quantity Unit

1 Excavation 1 2 2 0.83m 3.32
2 Concrete 1 2 2 0.08m 0.32
work in
foundation
(1:4:8)
3 R.C.C Work 1 2 2 0.025m
in Square
portion
foundation
4 Trapezoidal 1 A1=2x2 A2=0.35x0.35 0.05m D/6(A1+A2+4Am)=1.26
portion R.C.C
Work
5 R.C.C work 1 0.35 0.35 0.6m 0.0735
for square
column
6 R.C.C work 1 0.070 _ 3.30m A = (π/4) × D2
for Circular =0.233
Column

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 Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Sr.no Description Dia Shape Cutting length of each bar No Total Weight Total
of Length in Weight
bars Kg/m

1 #12mm@15c 12 2+2(9)(0.012)-2(0.04)- 28 57.12 0.88 50.17kg

m Both mm 2(4)(0.012)=2.04m
Away in
Foundation
2 6.no #16mm 16 0.45+0.75+0.15+(1)(9)(0.01 6 8.772 1.57 13.84kg
of dowel bars mm 6)-(1)(2)(0.016)=1.462m
3 6.no #16mm 16 3.30+0.6+2(0.1)=4.1m 6 24.6 1.57 38.62kg
vertical bars mm
4 Circular strip 10 30-2(4)=22cm 27 18.65 0.616 11.49kg
mm =(πd)=(3.14)(0.22)=0.6908
m

Comments:

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Lab#10
WORKOUT THE QUANTITIES REINFORCEMENT FROM GIVEN DRAWING
RETAINING WALL.

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 Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Sr. Description Shape Dia of Cutting length of each bar No. Weight of Total
No. of bar bar (mm) of bar kg/m weight kg
bending (mm) bars
1. Steel in stem right 22mm 6+0.5+0.75+2x9x0.022- 76 222/162.2= 1705.45kg
side 22mm main 2x0.05-0.026=7.52m 22.984
bar @ 40cm c/c (up
to 6m height)
2. 22mm main bar @ 22mm 3.8+0.75+0.5+2x9x0.022- 75 2.984 1211.877kg
40cm c/c (up to 0.005-0.026=5.415m
3.8m height)
3. 22mm main bar @ 22mm 1.80.75+0.5+2x9x0.022- 298 2.984 3036.727kg
10cm c/c (up to 0.005-0.026=3.415m
1.8m height)
4. Distribution bar 14mm 30+6x9x0.014+2x40x0.014- 27 142/162.2= 1036.736kg
14mm @ 25cm c/c 2x0.05=31.776m 1.208
(right side)
5. Left side 14mm 14mm 6+0.5+2x9x0.014-2x0.05- 101 1.208 808.425kg
main bar @ 30cm 0.026=6.626m
c/c
6. Distribution bars 10mm 30+6x9x0.01+2x40x0.01- 23 102/162.2= 443.327kg
10mm @ 30cm c/c 2x0.05=31.24m .0617
7. Base steel at heel 16mm 1.65+0.6+0.25- 300 162/162.2= 1296.414kg
16mm main bar @ 0.05+2x9x0.016=2.738m 1.578
10cm c/c (top)
8. Distribution bars 10mm 30+6x9x0.01+2x4x0.01- 14 .0617 269.85kg
10mm dia @ 20cm 2x0.05=31.24m
c/c

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 Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

R.c.c work

Sr. Description No. Length Breath(m) Height(m) Quantity(m) Unit

no. (m)
1. R.C.C work excluding steel 1 30 3 0.5 45 m3
foundation (Heel+Too)
2. Stem 1 30 0.2+0.6/2=0.4 6 72 m3
Comments:

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Lab#11
WORKOUT 1:2:4 CONCRETE FOR ROOF SLABS AND PROJECTIONS.

Brick Volume = 0.23 x 0.11 x 0.076 = 0.00192

Area of Slab = 7.5 x 4.5 = 33.75 m2

Area of one Cell = 0.25 x 0.25 = 0.065 m2

No of cell = 33.75/0.065 = 519 cells

No of Bricks

One Cell Bricks = 2 No

Total Cell Bricks = 519 x 2 = 1038 bricks

Volume of Slab = 4.5 x 7.5 x 0.15 = 5.0625 m3

Total Volume of Brick = 1038 x 0.00192 = 1.992 m3

Wet Volume of Concrete = 5.062 – 1.992 = 3.068 m3

Dry Volume of Concrete = 3.068 x 1.54 = 4.72 m3

Ratio = (1:2:4)

Sum of Ratio = 1+2+4 = 7

Quantity of Cement = 1/7 x 4.72 = 0.674 m3

Cement in Bags = 0.674/0.035 = 20 Bags

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Quantity Surveying and contract documents Course Code CET05206

Quantity of Sand = 2/7 x 4.72 = 1.348 m3

Quantity of Aggregates = 4/7 x 4.72 = 2.697 m3

COMMENTS

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