Refresher - MATHEMATICS Quiz 28

PROBLEM 1:

The Richter magnitude of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake is

estimated to have 8.3. The 1989 “World Series” earthquake in San
Francisco had a magnitude of 7.1 on the Richter scale. How much greater
was the internsity of the 1906 earthquake than that of the 1989
earthquake?

Solution:
I
R = log
I0
In 1906:
I
8.3 = log
I0
I
10 8.3 =
I0
In 1989:
I
7.1 = log
I0
7.1I
10 =
I0
10 8.3
N = 7.1 = 15.85
10
N = 16 times stronger than 1989 earthquake
Refresher - MATHEMATICS Quiz 28
PROBLEM 2:

If a medium is inoculated with a bacterial culture that contains 1,000 cells

per milliliter, how many generations will pass by the time the culture has
grown to a population of 1 million cells per milliliter? Hint: B = b • 2n

Solution:
B = b • 2n
log B = log (b • 2n)
log B = log b + n log 2
log B – log b = n log 2

log B - log b
n=
log 2
log Bb
n=
log 2

n=
log ( 1,000,000
1000 )
log 2
n = 9.96 say 10 generations
Refresher - MATHEMATICS Quiz 28
PROBLEM 3:

A certain physical characteristic of solid yields the following equation.

c = a + bt
When c = 52, t = 100 and when c = 172, t = 400.
Find “a” and “b”.

Solution:
c = a + bt
52 = a + b (100)
a + 100b = 52
172 = a + b (400)

a + 400b = 172
a + 100b = 52 by ➃
4a + 400b = 208
a + 400b = 172
3a = 86
a = 12

a + 100b = 52
12 + 100b = 52
b = 0.40
Refresher - MATHEMATICS Quiz 28
PROBLEM 4:

The cost C to produce x sim cards is C = 100 + 20x. The sim cards are
sold wholesale for P24 each, so revenue “R” is given by R = 24x. Find
how many sim cards the manufacturer needs to produce and sell to break
even.

Solution:
C = 100 + 20x
R = 24x

24x = 100 + 20x

4x = 100
x = 25 sim cards
Refresher - MATHEMATICS Quiz 28
PROBLEM 5:

An equipment costs P325,000 and has a life of 4 years, with salvage

value of 50,000. Determine the capitalized cost of using the machine if
the rate of interest is 16% per annum.

SOLUTION:
(FC - SV) O.C.
Capitalized Cost = FC + n
+
(1 + i) - 1 i
(325000 - 50000)
Capitalized Cost = 325000 + 4
+0
(1.16) - 1
Capitalized Cost = P664,238

Refresher - MATHEMATICS Quiz 28
PROBLEM 6:

A firm has the capacity to produce 1,000,000 units of product per year. At
present, it is able to produce and sell 600,000 units yearly at a total
income of P720,000. Annual fixed costs are P250,000 and the variable
costs per unit is P0.70. Determine the number of units that should be sold
annually to break-even.

SOLUTION:
720000
Selling price per unit = = P1.20
600000
Total sales = total expenses
1.20x = 250000 + 0.70x
x = 500,000 units
Refresher - MATHEMATICS Quiz 28
PROBLEM 7:

Solve for x if Arc tan (1- x) + Arc tan(1 + x) = Arc tan 1/8

SOLUTION:
A = arc tan (1 - x)
tan A = 1 - x
B = arc tan (1 + x)
tan B = 1 + x
1
C = arc tan 8
1
tan C = 8
A+B=C

tan (A + B) = tan C
tan A + tan B
1 - tan A tan B = tan C
1-x+1+x 1
1 - (1 - x)(1 + x) = 8
16 = 1 - (1 – x2)
15 = x2 - 1
x2 = 16
x=4

Refresher - MATHEMATICS Quiz 28
PROBLEM 8:

Three spheres made of lead have a radius of r, 2r, and 4r respectively are
melted to form a new sphere of radius R. The ratio of the volume to the
surface area of the new sphere is equal to 4.18. Compute the radius r.

SOLUTION:
4 ⎡3
V= π ⎣ r + (2r)3 + (4r)3 ⎤⎦
3
V = 305.78r 3
4
V = π R3
3
4
305.78r 3 = π R 3
3
R = 4.18r

V 305.78r 3
=
5 4π R 2
305.78r 3
4.18 =
4π(4.18r)2
r=3
Refresher - MATHEMATICS Quiz 28
PROBLEM 9:

A circle has its center at (3, - 2). It is tangent to the line 3x + 4y – 26 = 0. Compute the point of tangency
of the circle.

SOLUTION: y 3x+4y-26=0
Ax1 + By1 + C
r=
- A 2 + B2
3(3) + 4(2) - 26 (x,y)
r=
- (3)2 + (4)2 x
r
9 - 8 - 26
r=
-5 (3,-2)
r=5

3x + 4y - 26 = 0
- 3x + 26
y=
4
y = mx + b
3
m1 = - y 3x+4y-26=0
4
4
m2 =
3 4x-3y=18
y - y1
m2 = x
x - x1
r
4 y +2
=
3 x-3 (3,-2)
4x - 12 = 3y + 6
4x - 3y = 18

3x + 4y - 26 = 0 ➍
4x - 3y - 18 = 0 ➌

12x + 16y - 104 = 0

12x - 9y - 54 = 0 3x + 4(2) - 26 = 0
25y – 50 = 0 3x - 18 = 0
y=2 x=6
Refresher - MATHEMATICS Quiz 28
PROBLEM 10:

The proposal of Mutual Savings Fund will cost P500,000. The benefits at the end
of the first year are estimated to be P100,000, increasing P10,000 per year in
subsequent years. Assuming a 12% interest rate, with no salvage value and an 8-
year analysis period, compute the benefit cost ratio.
Present worth gradient series factor (P/G, 12%, 8) = 14.471
Present worth factor (uniform series) (P/A, 12%, 8) = 4.9676
Capital recovery factor (uniform series) (A/P, 12%, 8) = 0.2013
Sinking fund factor (uniform series) (A/F, 12%, 8) = 0.0813

Solution:
Present = 500,000
Present Worth Benefits = P1 + P2
P1
= 4.9676
A
P1 = 4.9676(100,000)
P1 = 496,760
P2
= 14.471
G
P2 = 14.471(10,000)
P2 = 144,710
PT = 496,760 + 144,710
PT = 641,470
641,470
Benefit Cost Ratio =
500,000
BCR = 1.28




Refresher - MATHEMATICS Quiz 28
PROBLEM 11:

From the given complex numbers 3 – 4i and 8e53.13˚i, what is the product
of the two complex numbers?

SOLUTION:
3 – 4i = r eθi
r = (3)2 + (- 4)2 = 5
-4
tan θ =
3
θ = - 53.13˚
3 - 4i = 5 e- 53.13˚i
Pr oduct :
5 e- 53.13i • 8 e+53.13i = (5)(8)e˚

= 40

Refresher - MATHEMATICS Quiz 28
PROBLEM 12:

An ellipse has an eccentricity of 1/3 and the distance between the foci is equal to
4. Compute the length of the latus rectum.

Solution:
2c = 4
c=2
c=ae
⎛ 1⎞
2 = a⎜ ⎟
⎝ 3⎠
a=6
a 2 = b2 + c 2
(6)2 = b 2 + (2)2
b 2 = 32
2b 2
L=
a
2(32)
L= = 10.67
6