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Three WDG Transformer Basics Understanding

The document discusses impedance limits for the secondary and tertiary windings of a three-winding transformer. It provides an equation that establishes theoretical upper and lower limits, with the lower limit set by the transformer core saturation design (TCSS) and the upper limit set by the loadability hot spot limit (LHL) design. Impedance limits are summarized in a table, showing the maximum upper limit is around 4 times the primary-secondary impedance. The document also provides an example calculation for a transformer with specific impedance values.

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Rajani Pai
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228 views1 page

Three WDG Transformer Basics Understanding

The document discusses impedance limits for the secondary and tertiary windings of a three-winding transformer. It provides an equation that establishes theoretical upper and lower limits, with the lower limit set by the transformer core saturation design (TCSS) and the upper limit set by the loadability hot spot limit (LHL) design. Impedance limits are summarized in a table, showing the maximum upper limit is around 4 times the primary-secondary impedance. The document also provides an example calculation for a transformer with specific impedance values.

Uploaded by

Rajani Pai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Gmail - FYI.pls advice me...

Page 1 of 1

Nandakumar P <nanda57@gmail.com>

FYI.pls advice me...


Lakshmikantham Venugopal <lakshmikantham.venugopal@citec.com> 11 March 2013 15:32
To: Nandakumar P <nanda57@gmail.com>

Z s-t IMPEDANCE LIMITS

The TCSS design establishes the lower limit for the secondary-tertiary winding
impedance, while the LHL design establishes the upper limit. A theoretical
upper limit can be calculated by assuming an infinite bus at the primary of the
transformer while shorting the secondary and tertiary terminals (12).

Z Thévenin = Z H +Z X II Z Y (12)

Again this assumes equal capacities on both the X and Y windings with all
impedances expressed on the same base. Impedance limits are summarized
in Table 3. The results indicate a maximum upper limit for Z X-Y around 4
times Z H-X. At this point, the Thévenin impedance at the shorted secondary
and tertiary terminals approaches zero.

Note when ZX-Y > 4 ZH-X, the result is an overall negative Thévenin impedance
seen outside of the tank of the transformer. This is not possible.

Example 3

Apply the results listed in this guide to the 3-winding transformer case of example 1, but in this case assume
Z H-Y = Z H-X = 6.50% with equal capacities on both the X and Y windings.

• for Z X-Y = 6.5% (TCSS) corresponds to a SC kA on the LV terminals of 57.5kA


• for Z X-Y = 13.0% (LCSS) corresponds to a SC kA on the LV terminals of 47.0kA
• for Z X-Y = 16.25% (LHL) corresponds to a SC kA on the LV terminals of 47.3kA
• for Z X-Y = 26.0% corresponds to a SC kA on the LV terminals of 56.2k

These results illustrate that there is no practical advantage to increasing the secondary-to-
tertiary impedance beyond ~2 times the primary-to-secondary impedance. Since higher
impedances will only result in higher fault duties and losses.

--

Lakshmikantham Venugopal
Assistant Manager, CS - Electrical & Automation
Citec Engineering India Pvt. Ltd.

Tower R R Four, Super 16 & 17


Thiru-Vi-ka Industrial Estate. Guindy.
IN-600032 Chennai
India
Tel: +91 044 2250 0196 / 0197
E-mail: lakshmikantham.venugopal@citec.com
www.citec.com

https://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&ik=c707166894&view=pt&search=inbox&msg... 12-Mar-2013

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