6 Department of Education
Region XI - Davao Region
Tagum City Division
Technology and Livelihood
Education
ENTREPRENEURSHIP & ICT
Module 1
WRITERS:
Neriza M. Cajes
Mariame L. Consuegra
Unelyn M. Leopardas
Cristy Amor A. Tedlos
1
Week 1
Producing Simple Products
Learning Competency – TLE6IE-0a-1- 2
What I need to know:
CONTENT STANDARDS: demonstrates knowledge and skills that will lead to one becoming an
ideal entrepreneur
PERFORMANCE TANDARDS: sells products based on needs and demands
OBJECTIVES:
Identify steps or guide in making own simple products.
Plan a simple product
Make a simple product
What I know:
A. Arrange the scrambled letters to form a new word.
tporucd- ___________________
isnsusbe- ___________________
r p e r n e t n u e r e - ________________
ikamrentg- ___________________
t d e v m n l e p o e- _________________
B. Answer the following questions:
What type of business do you want to get into?
A business involves selling a product or service or both?
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
What are the ways, steps or guides in creating your own product?
___________________________________________________
2
Lesson Proper:
An ideal entrepreneur desires to establish business that will be able to produce simple
products.
According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, an entrepreneur is “a person who
starts a business and is willing to risk loss in order to make money.” He or she “organizes, man-
ages, and assumes the risks of a business or enterprise.”
This means an entrepreneur is someone who is willing to put up the capital needed to set
up a business fully aware of the risks involved. It is he or she who plans, organizes, and manag-
es the business, hires the people to help run it, and ensures that the product or service being
offered is sold at a reasonable profit in order to earn.
Hints to help one decide what type of business to get into:
Start with a hobby or interest.
Produce something that you can offer or sell to your friends and school mates.
Products that are always in demand are food items.
Start small before you think of producing bigger quantities.
Do some research and investigation.
Observe people and their food preferences.
Check existing products in the local market.
Things to remember when putting up a business:
Keep your cost down while maintaining the quality of your product.
Make sure to canvass and find out where you can get your materials and supplies in the best
price available.
Purchase ingredients in a store or market that sells fresh produce.
Packaging must be of good quality to affect its saleability.
3
What’s New:
Arrange the following words according to your understanding.
Product Planning
Product Testing
Product Development
Product Marketing
Product Research
1. ____________________________
2. ____________________________
3. ____________________________
4. ____________________________
5. ____________________________
What is it:
Starting your own business entails hard work. It involves, among others, such as activities:
Product Research- is like a background check for a new product idea. The research process
includes checking on similar offerings already in existence and estimating the selling
potential of the proposed product.
Product Planning- is the ongoing process of identifying and articulating market requirements
that define a product’s feature set. Product planning serves as basis for decisions
about price, distribution and promotion.
Product Testing- also known as consumer testing or comparative testing, is a process of
measuring the properties or performance of the products. The theory is that since the
advent of mass production manufactures produce branded products which they assert
and advertise to be identical within some technical standard.
4
Product Development- The creation of the product with new or different characteristics that
offer new or additional benefits to the costumer. It may involve modification of an existing
product or its presentation, or formulation of an entirely new product that satisfies a newly
defined costumer want or market niche.
Product Marketing- is a process of promoting and selling a product to a customer. It is
defined as being the intermediary function between product and development and
increasing brand awareness. It is something that is referred to when pitching a new
product to the general public.
What’s More:
Assessment No. 1
Observe the entrepreneurs within your community. What are the products or services that they
sell? Accomplish the chart below.
Business/ Store Name Products Services
Assessment No. 2
A. Answer the following questions.
1. Who can be an ideal entrepreneur?
_______________________________________________________________
2. What are the different products you found near the school community or near to your home?
_______________________________________________________________
3. Are the products simple or are they complex? Explain.
_______________________________________________________________
4. What products and services are most in demand in your school or in your home?
_______________________________________________________________
5. Why do you think are they in demand?
_______________________________________________________________
5
What I have learned…
An entrepreneur must have not just the knowledge and skill but also the proper
values and attitude. The steps in making a product are: product research, product
planning, product testing, product development and product marketing. A business
involves selling a product, services or both.
What I Can Do
Below are sample recipes and craft of the simple products that you can produce.
A. Polvoron
Ingredients:
1 1/2 cups powdered milk 2 cups all-purpose flour (toasted)
1 cup sugar 3/4 cup melted butter
Procedure:
1. Toast the flour until brown in color. Remove from heat. Let it cool.
2. Melt the butter. Set aside.
3. Combine powdered milk, sugar, and toasted flour.
4. Add the melted butter and mix until well combined. Make sure you break the lumps while stir-
ring the mixture.
5. Divide polvoron mixture if you want to add other flavors (2 tbsp of each like peanuts, cashew)
6. Press the mold in the polvoron mixture till you have filled up the cavity, it is okay even if it is
overflowing a bit.
7. On a plate, press the mold to make the mixture more compact.
8. Push the ejector handle to release the molded polvoron, if it is still sticking to the flat metal
plate, gently hold the sides of the polvoron with your thumb and forefinger and move it a little
bit, it will release itself.
9. Use a cellophane wrapper to wrap the molded polvoron.
6
B. Pastillas
Ingredients:
2 cups powdered milk 1 can, 14 oz condensed milk
sugar for coating note: add 1/2-1 cup powdered milk if needed
Procedure:
1. Combine powdered milk and condensed milk. Mix and blend evenly using a spoon.
2. Set aside for few 10-15 minutes before shaping.
3. Shape into balls or mini logs.
4. Wrap the pastillas in a cellophane or food paper. If you do not like wrapping, shape into
balls and insert a toothpick at the center.
C. Towel Holder
Materials:
Rattan ring, 10” in diameter Fabric, 14” x 14”
1/4” thick quilt batting or foam, 7” x 12” Ruffled lace, 45 “ long
Plastic ring, 1” in diameter Glue stick
Procedure:
1. Fold the fabric crosswise (right side out) and place the batting in between. Position the
exact half of the rattan ring on the folded fabric. Trace the outside edge of the ring on the
fabric.
2. About 1/2” from the outline of the ring, sew the guide stitches. Then, cut as close as possi-
ble to the outside edge of these stitches.
3. Mark the ring to indicate the placement of the fabric. Apply glue on the marked area.
4. Position the ring so that its outside edge will exactly fit the outline on the fabric. Pull slight-
ly when you glue the fabric so that it becomes smooth and taut.
5. Apply glue to the fold of the fabric and attach the ruffled lace. Glue the remaining lace
around the outside edge of the fabric and ring.
6. To make the hanging ring, cut a piece of cloth, 2”x3”. Fold the long edges, then fold
lengthwise. Sew the seam. Insert it through the plastic ring and fold at the center. Stitch
the fabric ends together. Glue the ends to the back of the towel holder.
7
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY:
Choose a product mentioned above.
Make a costing of your expenses using the format below:
A. EXPENSES IN THE INGREDIENTS:
INGREDIENTS AMOUNT
TOTAL COST OF INGREDIENTS
B. Operating Expenses:
Labor
Gas/Fuel
Transportation
TOTAL COST OF OPERATING EX-
PENSES
C. Computation of Selling Price
Cost of ingredients
Operating Expenses
Total Expenses
20% Mark-up
Selling Price
TOTAL
8
EVALUATION
A. Score their finished products using the rubrics below:
RUBRICS
Criteria Score
4 3 2 1
Marketability
Appearance
Acceptability
Price
Ingredient
Total Score
SCORE:
POLVORON : ____________
PASTILLAS : _____________
TOWEL HOLDER : _________
B. Write True on the line if the statement is correct and False if the statement is incorrect.
_______________ 1. Product Research is also known as consumer testing or
comparative testing.
_______________ 2. An entrepreneur organizes, manages, and assumes the
risks of a business or enterprise.
_______________ 3. Product Marketing is a process of promoting and selling a
product to a customer.
_______________ 4. Product Testing is like a background check for a new
product idea.
_______________ 5. An entrepreneur must only have just the knowledge and
skill.
9
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
Research at least one entrepreneur in the Philippines. Read their life story and how
they started their business. ( Write a summary below)
References: Gloria A. Peralta, et.al, The Basics of Better Family Living 6
Josephine C. Bernardino, et.al, Home Economics and Livelihood Education
“Novelty Items”, Technology Resources Center, Department of Science and
technology, 2001
10
