LEA

PRETEST 1.0

NAME: Cala, Jivson P.

Title

1.0 Introduction and Fundamentals of Electronic

Time Frame 3 hrs

QUESTIONS Instruction: Read and answer the questions carefully and put your answers and
solutions on the space provided after every question. For those who have internet
access, take a picture of your answers and upload it to our google classroom. For
those who have no internet access, put your answers inside a long brown envelope
and submit it using our available couriers or personally submit it to me.

1.1 In what century did electronic communication begin?

The history of electronic communication began in 1729 when Stephen Grey discovered that electricity
could be transmitted over large distances using insulated metal wires. 
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1.11 What
TECHNOLOGY
is the name given to the original information or intelligence signals that are transmitted directly via a
communication medium?

Baseband transmission is the name given to the original information or intelligence signals that are
transmitted directly via a communication medium.

1.21 What is the process of recovering an original signal called?

Demodulation is the process of recovering an original signal.

1.31 Do radio transmissions occur in the VLF and LF ranges?

Yes.

1.41 What is the approximate spectrum range of infrared signals?

IR frequencies range from about 300 gigahertz (GHz) up to about 400 terahertz (THz), and wavelengths
are estimated to range between 1,000 micrometers (µm) and 760 nanometers (2.9921 inches).

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS – ENGR. DARWIN C. MANGCA 1

2.1 What happens to capacitive reactance as the frequency of operation increases?

Capacitive reactance decreases as the frequency of operation increases.

2.3 What is skin effect, and how does it affect the Q of a coil?

Skin effect is the tendency of electrons flowing in a conductor to flow near and on the outer surface of the
conductor frequencies in the VHF, UHF, and microwave regions and can greatly affects the performance of the
circuit for it increases the resistance of the conductor.

2.5 What is the name given to the widely used coil form that is shaped like a doughnut?

It is Toroidal core coil or Toroidal inductor.

2.7 Describe the current and impedance in a parallel RLC circuit at resonance.

As the total susceptance is zero at the resonant frequency, the admittance is at its minimum and is
equal to the conductance, G. Therefore at resonance the current flowing through the circuit must also
be at its minimum as the inductive and capacitive branch currents are equal ( IL = IC ) and are 180o out of
LEARNING
phase SURIGAO STATE COLLEGE OF
while impedance in a parallel RLC circuit at resonance, is at its maximum at resonance then
MODULE TECHNOLOGY
consequently, the circuits admittance must be at its minimum and one of the characteristics of a
parallel resonance circuit is that admittance is very low limiting the circuits current. 

2.9 What kind of filter is used to select a single signal frequency from many signals?

It is bandpass filter.

PROBLEMS Instruction: Read and answer the questions carefully and put your answers and
solutions on the space provided after every question. For those who have internet
access, take a picture of your answers and upload it to our google classroom. For
those who have no internet access, put your answers inside a long brown envelope
and submit it using our available couriers or personally submit it to me.

1.1 Calculate the frequency of signals with wavelengths of 40 m, 5 m, and 8 cm.

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS – ENGR. DARWIN C. MANGCA 2

3(10)8 3(10)8
Wave length = 40m, F= =7.5 Mhz Wave length = 5m, , F= =6.0 MHz
40 5

3(10)8
Wave length = 8cm =0.08m, F= =3.7 Ghz
0,08
2.1 What is the gain of an amplifier with an output of 1.5 V and an input of 30 μV?

Vout 1.5 V
Gain¿ = =0.05 ∙ 1000=50,000∨93.979 db
Vin 30 μV

CRITICAL THINKING Instruction: Read and answer the questions carefully and put your answers and
solutions on the space provided after every question. For those who have internet
access, take a picture of your answers and upload it to our google classroom. For
those who have no internet access, put your answers inside a long brown envelope
and submit it using our available couriers or personally submit it to me.

1.1 Name three ways that a higher-frequency signal called the carrier can be varied to transmit the intelligence.

 Amplitude Modulation
 Frequency Modulation
 Phase Modulation
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1.3 How is radio astronomy used to locate and map stars and other heavenly bodies?

Astronomers around the world use radio telescopes to observe the naturally occurring radio waves
that come from stars, planets, galaxies, clouds of dust, and molecules of gas in which by studying the
radio waves originating from these sources, astronomers can learn about their composition, structure,
and motion.

1.5 Assume that all the electromagnetic spectrum from ELF through microwaves was fully occupied. Explain some ways
that communication capability could be added.

If all of the electromagnetic spectrum's waves are occupied, I don't believe long-range communication
is viable. One of the general examples on determining communication capability in a short-range is
writing or sending mails and also, the paper cup telephone.

1.7 Make a general statement comparing the speed of light with the speed of sound. Give an example of how the
principles mentioned might be demonstrated.

The speed of light is substantially quicker than the speed of sound. Light travels at 300 million m/s in
the air, while sound travels at 340 m/s. And the basic example is during thunder storms, we can see the
lightning before hearing its sound, which allows us to compare their speeds.

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS – ENGR. DARWIN C. MANGCA 3

1.9 “Invent” five new communication methods, wired or wireless, that you think would be practical.

Watch upgraded with communication, Multi-function Wi-Fi connection

2.1 What is the gain of an amplifier with an output of 1.5 V and an input of 30 μV?

50,000

2.3 What is the overall gain or attenuation of the combination formed by cascading the circuits described in Problem 1?

50,000 or 93.979db Attenuation = 0.607 or -4.336db

2.5 A piece of communication equipment has two stages of amplification with gains of 40 and 60 and two loss stages
with attenuation factors of 0.03 and 0.075. The output voltage is 2.2 V. What is the overall gain (or attenuation) and
the input voltage?

5.4, 0.04074V

2.7 A power amplifier has an output of 200 W and an input of 8 W. What is the power gain in decibels?

14dB
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2.9 An amplifier has an output of 5 W. What is its gain in dBm?

36.9897dBb

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS – ENGR. DARWIN C. MANGCA 4