CHAPTER 2

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study is considered a qualitative research since the data to be

gathered will be centered in the insights and experiences of the

participants. In addition, the design that will be used is the

phenomenological design.

Phenomenology is an approach to qualitative research that focuses

on the commonality of a lived experience within a particular group

[ CITATION Cre13 \l 1033 ]. The usage of phenomenology can support the

researchers in gathering information to further explicit the respondents’

experiences as sidewalk vendors, at the same time, disperse a desirable

value of information that is needed to be recognized in the research.

Contextual Phenomenology design is applicable to this study since

the researchers aim to acquire additional knowledge about the sidewalk

vendors and examine and understand them through their own

experiences.

Qualitative research seeks to tell the story of a particular group’s

experiences their own words and is therefore focused on narrative. The

logic of qualitative research can be challenging for researchers more

accustomed to the traditional deductive approach. The qualitative

approach is informed by inductive logic, in which potential

hypotheses are formed following the collection and initial analysis of the

data, at which point additional data are often collected to assess the

hypotheses in an iterative process [CITATION Sta \l 1033 ].

Study Site and Selection of Participants

This study will be conducted at the City of San Fernando, La

Union. The population of this study is composed of sidewalk vendors,

who have been selected through purposive sampling.

The purposive sampling technique is the deliberate choice of a

participant due to qualities the participant possesses. Simply put, the

researcher decides what needs to be known and sets out to find people

who can and are willing to provide the information by virtue of the

knowledge or experience. This involves identification and selection of

individuals or groups of individuals that are proficient and well-informed

with a phenomenon of interest. The idea behind purposive sampling is to

concentrate on people with characteristics who will better be able to

assist with the relevant research [CITATION Placeholder1 \l 1033 ].

Data Measure

This study will be administered to sidewalk vendors. Particularly,

five (5) sidewalk vendors will be interviewed. To gather the required and

essential information from the identified vendors, the teacher’s

permission will be requested.

experiences of sidewalk vendors, the interview method will be employed.

In addition, questions will be formulated in order to comply with the

necessary requirements in the conduct of the interview.

Interviews are a staple method used in qualitative research.

Interviews shall be defined as controlled conversations that the

interviewer uses to obtain data required from the respondent by means

of asking serious question verbally. In an interview, there is leeway for a

respondent to describe what is important to them, and from their

responses, useful quotes and stories can also be collected [ CITATION

Mad16 \l 1033 ]. They are mainly useful in cases where there is a need to

attain highly personalized data, as well as in cases where there are

opportunities for probing to get underlying factors. Interviews are thus

helpful and useful for gaining insight and context in a topic.

Data Collection Procedure

For the intent of this research, comprehensive interview will be

conducted.

Comprehensive interviews are personal and non-directive

interviews, whose aim is to associate to the participant’s standpoint,

feelings and stance on a specific topic on the research paper. This is

chosen particularly because it has an advantage to use that is related to

our research. Moreover, unstructured interviews offer flexibility in terms

conclusions that were not initially meant to be derived regarding a

research subject [ CITATION Lan14 \l 1033 ].

Specifically, the interview that will be conducted is a one-on-one

session, with the schedule in favor of the interviewee. In addition, the

conduct of the interview includes the utilization of a semi-organized

questionnaire, which will be used as a meeting guide for the researchers.

The information that will be provided by the interviewee shall be recorded

through voice and shall be written down for meticulosity of work. Some

specific inquiries will be readied, so with respect to the researchers, in

order to direct the meeting towards the fulfillment of research goals. The

questions will be sent prior to the conduct of the interview; however,

extra inquiries shall be made experienced during the meetings.

Mode of Data Analysis

In analyzing the data to be gathered, thematic analysis will be

used. Thematic Analysis, as defined by Braun & Clarke (2012), is an

accessible, flexible, and increasingly popular method of qualitative data

analysis. Learning to do it provides the qualitative researcher with a

foundation in the basic skills needed to engage with other approaches to

qualitative data analysis.

The researchers will be reading and re-reading the data to

familiarize themselves with the statements of the conversation partners.

these have a complete thought or can be given meaning. Thematic

analysis will be connected to the study since not only will it be a way to

smoothly analyze the answers given by the respondents, but it will also

efficiently break down the variety of thoughts that the respondents have

given.

Ethical Consideration

This study will be subjected to certain ethical issues. The following

considerations involved in the study will be strictly observed:

 A letter of consent will be presented to the participants in order to

properly ask permission for their involvement in the study. This

will serve as their consent that shows their voluntary and open

participation. In consideration of their involvement during the

conduct of the study, no physical and emotional harm will be

guaranteed.

 The data to be gathered will remain confidential for the purpose of

the study as well as the participants’ right to privacy.

 The participants, including their decisions, will not be forced in

conducting this study and the information that will be provided

will remain as it is.

 The study will be open to any kind of criticism and the information

that is to be gathered will be respected and protected as regard to

discrimination among others and will remain professional to the

adherence of the study. To conclude, good atmosphere of comfort

is sought to be maintained and catalyzed.