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Figure 1.a: The Geosphere. Illustration From Earth Science: An
Figure 1.a: The Geosphere. Illustration From Earth Science: An
Specific Objectives:
1. Enumerate and describe the four subsystems of the Earth.
2. Explain how matter and energy flow in the systems.
3. Identify the importance of the subsystem to its biotic components.
Key Concepts
Outer
Core
Figure 1.a: The Geosphere. Illustration from Earth Science: An
Introduction.
Inner
Core
• The atmosphere is made up of a variety of gases, the majority of which are nitrogen
and oxygen, with minor amounts of argon, carbon dioxide, and other gases. Gravity
holds it to Earth, and it thins out quickly as it rises in altitude. Ninety-nine percent
of atmospheric gas is concentrated in the first 30 kilometers, but traces of
atmospheric gas can be found as high as 10,000 kilometers above the surface of the
Earth.
• The biosphere is the area where life exists. The upper geosphere, the hydrosphere,
and the lower atmosphere are all included. Near the surface, where sunshine is
available, sea life accumulates. Plants grow on the surface of the Earth, having roots
that reach a few meters into the soil. Animals dwell on the surface, fly a few
kilometers above it, or dig a few meters beneath it. Large communities of bacteria
can be found under glacial ice and in rock up to 4 kilometers deep. On the ocean
floor, some organisms live, including vast ecosystems that rely on mineral-rich,
super-heated water ejected from vents along the mid-ocean ridges. A few windblown
microorganisms drift at heights of 10 kilometers or more. Despite these extremes,
the biosphere is a very thin layer at Earth’s surface.
2. Nutrients Atmosphere
Nutrients promotes life in bridges other
water bodies. system’s
nutrient cycle.
3. Essential gasses Major gasses are
Gasses are needed in essential for life.
some chemical
changes in land.
1. Kaingin/Slash
and Burn.
2. Flooding
3. Volcanic
Eruption
Example Format:
Front of a Paper
Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Biosphere
Geosphere
Rubric
5 - Ideas are expressed scientifically, consistent to the concepts and has no misconception.
4 - Ideas are expressed scientifically, consistent to the concepts but with misconception.
3 - Ideas are expressed scientifically but contains several contradictory concepts.
2 - Ideas are poorly expressed scientifically.
1 - Ideas are vague and unprecise.
0 - No discussion.
Note: Score is multiplied by 2
Refer on your brochure in Activity 3, should these manmade activities be continued? How
can you help solving these problems? Write your reflection in 3-4 sentences.
Rubrics
5 - Ideas are expressed scientifically, consistent to the concepts and has no misconception.
4 - Ideas are expressed scientifically, consistent to the concepts but with misconception.
3 - Ideas are expressed scientifically but contains several contradictory concepts.
2 - Ideas are poorly expressed scientifically.
1 - Ideas are vague and unprecise.
0 - No discussion.
Hendrix, Marc S, Graham R Thompson, and Jonathan Turk. 2021. Earth Science: An
Introduction. Boston: Cengage.
Tarbuck, Edward J, and Frederick Lutgens. 2015. Earth Science. England: Pearson Education
Limited.
DG Mackean, Dave Hayward. 2014. Biology Third Edition. London: Cambridge International.
Lapong, Edward, and Masayuki Fujihara. 2008. "Water Resources in the Philippines : An
Overview of its Uses, Management, Problems and Prospects." Journal of Rainwater
Catchment Systems 14(1):57-67.