Name : Md.
Abdullah-Al-Mamun
Reg. No: AGRS2020000015
Assignment Name : Identifying characteristics of some family with 5 examples.
Family : Gramineae
Characteristics:
1. A few plants arboreal in habit.
2. Glumes are persistent.
3. Stigmas are three.
4. Leaves are simple and alternate.
5. Flowers are hypogynous and hermaphrodite.
6. Seeds are endospermic.
Example : rice, wheat, barley, millet, maize, lemongrass.
Family : Leguminaceae
Characteristics :
1. Leaves alternate,stipulate and simple in some species.
2. Flowers hermaphrodite,large and showy.
3. Corolla polypetalous.
4. Androecium polyandrous.
5. Ovules anatropus.
Example : pea, lentils, soyabean,mugbean,black gram,acacia.
Family : Cruciferae
Characteristics :
1. Leaves simple and alternate.
2. Calyx and corolla free.
3. Stamens polyandrous.
4. Ovules anatropus.
5. Flowers hermaphrodite, hypogynous and actinomorphic.
Example : cabbage, radish, mustard seed, cauliflowers,argula.
Family : Cucurbitaceae
Characteristics :
1. Prostrate herb bearing trendils.
2. Flowers pentamerous,unisexual.
3. Stamens five.
4. Leaves alternate,petiolate and hollow.
5. Vascular bundles bicollateral and in two alternating rows.
Example : watermelon, pumpkin, cucumber, sweet gourd, calabash.
Family : Malvaceae
Characteristics :
1. Presence of mucilage in plant parts.
2. Some plants are shrubs and tree-like.
3. Leaves alternate,simple, stipulate.
4. Presence of epicalyx.
5. Corolla free.
6. Gynoecium polycarpellary,seeds endospermic.
Example : hibiscus, okra, cotton, phalsa,cola.
Family: Solanaceae
Characteristics :
1. Contain tap root system.
2. Leaves simple and alternate.
3. Pollination by insects.
4. Flowers actinomorphic, hermaphrodite and hypogynous.
5. Seeds endospermic.
6. Stamens dithecous.
Example : potato, tomato, eggplant,datura,peppers.
Family : Tiliaceae
Characteristics :
1. Plant are generally shrubs or trees.
2. Leaves alternate,simple, stipulate.
3. Flowers hermaphrodite, hypogynous and actinomorphic.
4. Corolla polypetalous.
5. Gynoecium polycarpellary.
6. Seeds endospermic.
Example : jute, starflower, linden, colona, microcos.
Family : Compositae
Characteristics :
1. Generally produce taproots but sometimes they pocess fibrous root system.
2. Leaves are alternate, opposite, whroled.
3. Ray and disc florets.
4. Flowers bi or unisexual, pentamerous.
5. Corolla gamopetalous, petal lobes 5 ,stamen 5.
Example : sunflower, aster, dahlia, cosmos, lettuce.
Family : Padaliaceae
Characteristics :
1. Annual ot perenial herbs,rarely shrubs.
2. Herbs with opposite leaves.
3. Flowers zygomorphic, hypogynous.
4. Calyx and corolla 5 ,fused.
5. 4-loculed or incomplete 4-loculed, axile placentation.
Example : grapple plant, sesame, uncarina, pterodiscus, sesamothamnus.
Family : Convolvulaceae
Characteristics :
1. Generally funnel-shaped.
2. Radically symmetrical corolla.
3. Five sepals, five fused petals.
4. Superior gynoecium.
5. Leaves alternate, simple, exstipulate.
Example : sweet potato, ipomoea, dichondra, crepper,water spinach.
Family : Umbeliferae
Characteristics :
1. Usually herbs, leaves alternate with sheathing bases.
2. Internodes usually hollow.
3. Plants aromatic with ethereal oils,terpinoids, saponins and other compound.
4. Inflorescence.
5. Flowers are hermaphroditic and actinomorphic.
Example : hemlock, carrot, celery, coriander,cumin.
Family : Zingiberaceae
Characteristics :
1. Small to large herbaceous plants.
2. Distichous leaves with basal sheaths that overlap to form a pseudostem.
3. Folwers are hermaphroditic.
4. The perianth is conposed of two whrols, a fused tubular calyx and a tubular corolla.
5. Stigma is funnel-shaped.
Example : turmeric, ginger, alpinia, zedoary,true cardamom, bitter ginger.
