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What Is the Dalcroze Method?

The Dalcroze method, commonly known as eurythmics, is an experiential


music teaching method developed in Switzerland by the composer and
pedagogue Émile Jaques-Dalcroze. It emphasizes dance and kinesthetic
rhythm games as a means of teaching various elements of music, including
structure, rhythm, and musical expression.

The Dalcroze approach is one of several methods of teaching music that


emerged in Europe and the United States in the early- to mid-twentieth
century. Others include the Kodály method, the Orff Schulwerk, and the
Suzuki method. All emphasize kinesthetic, social approaches to musical
concepts.

The Origin of the Dalcroze Method


In 1892, Vienna-born Émile Jaques-Dalcroze accepted a position at the
Conservatoire of Geneva. While he trained many students with strong innate
musicianship, he observed that students with a perfectly precise sense of
rhythm were just as rare as students with absolute pitch. Dalcroze set about
creating a music curriculum that could teach rhythm in a kinesthetic way
using a student’s entire body. In his text Rhythm, Music, and Education,
Dalcroze outlines a teaching method called rhythmic-solfège that aims to
teach rhythm through a combination of sight-singing, ear training, and
dance.

4 Principles of the Dalcroze Method


The Dalcroze education method rests on several core tenets.

1. Early music education: Émile Jaques-Dalcroze believed young children


should begin a music education as soon as possible. Thus, Dalcroze
eurythmics instructors typically teach school-age children who are new
to the world of music.
2. Improvisation: Dalcroze teachers emphasize the role that improvising
can play in developing an intuitive understanding of music.
3. Immersive, tactile approach to rhythm: Dalcroze Eurhythmics teaches
rhythm through dance and body motion.
4. Emphasis on the human voice: Through rhythmic-solfège, students sing
rhythmic articulations until patterns and subdivisions become second
nature. They learn polyrhythms, mixed meters, conducting,
and counterpoint.
A Dalcroze Eurhythmics Class
In a Dalcroze Eurhythmics class, students are moving in some way: in traveling
around the room, or in gestures with hands, arms, heads, or upper bodies. Their
movements are responsive to the music in the room. The teacher is probably
improvising this music at the piano or on another instrument. (Sometimes recorded
or composed music is used.)
The task is typically to move in space using certain guidelines, specific to the
musical piece. For example, the teacher may ask the students to walk around the
room, stepping the beat. Then, when the students hear a specific cue, they should
clap the beat instead. The game continues, with the students challenged to find
new ways to express the beat with their body.
The teacher shapes the music not only to the rules of the task, but to what they
observe the students doing. The students, in turn, shape their accomplishment of
the task to the nature of the music – its tempo, dynamics, texture, phrase structure,
and style. Change is a constant in each lesson.

Dalcroze Education is divided into three main categories:

 Eurhythmics engages the body in rhythmic movement and active listening


 Solfège develops internal melody and harmony, along with a holistic response to
musical notation
 Improvisation brings out the creative spirit with the voice, an instrument, or the
body

Benefits of Dalcroze Education


The Dalcroze approach can provide benefits for:

 Performers
 Teachers
 Dancers
 Actors
 Young children
 Seniors
 People with disabilities or special needs
Dalcroze Education is a key part of the curriculum at leading institutions, K-12 to
collegiate, around the world. It is so intuitive, from an early age children in Dalcroze
classes develop critical listening, motor, and social skills without even know they’re
learning. Yet it can also inspire musicians to reach for higher levels of performance
in their professional development.
No matter what level of training you bring to Dalcroze, you can deepen your
musical understanding and improve your body awareness. 
For musicians:

 Develop a stronger sense of rhythm and harmony


 Unlock easier, more expressive performance
 Heighten listening skills and intuition
 Understand music through the body

For dancers:

 Refine non-verbal expression


 Learn essential musical concepts
 Encourage aesthetic development

For seniors:

 Improve coordination and balance


 Enhance cognitive skills
 Strengthen memory function

Experience musical concepts in a playful manner and use your entire body as a
musical instrument. When paired with private music lessons, Dalcroze Education
promotes deep learning in all musicians.

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