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Engine Cooling Systems Guide

The cooling system serves three important functions: removing excess heat from the engine; maintaining the engine's operating temperature for maximum efficiency; and bringing the engine up to operating temperature quickly. Cooling system losses account for approximately 25% of total engine heat losses. Overheating can cause piston and cylinder expansion stopping the engine's motion, destruction of oil's lubricating qualities, and knocking from pre-ignition of fuel. There are three main types of cooling systems: air-cooled, liquid-cooled (usually water), and a combination of air and liquid cooling. Liquid cooling allows for faster cooling and more uniform temperature maintenance but requires replenishing due to evaporation and causes greater corrosion risks compared to air cooling.

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264 views12 pages

Engine Cooling Systems Guide

The cooling system serves three important functions: removing excess heat from the engine; maintaining the engine's operating temperature for maximum efficiency; and bringing the engine up to operating temperature quickly. Cooling system losses account for approximately 25% of total engine heat losses. Overheating can cause piston and cylinder expansion stopping the engine's motion, destruction of oil's lubricating qualities, and knocking from pre-ignition of fuel. There are three main types of cooling systems: air-cooled, liquid-cooled (usually water), and a combination of air and liquid cooling. Liquid cooling allows for faster cooling and more uniform temperature maintenance but requires replenishing due to evaporation and causes greater corrosion risks compared to air cooling.

Uploaded by

Karen Joy Babida
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cooling and Cooling System

ADORNADO C. VERGARA, ABE, Ph.D.


The cooling system
serves three important
functions. First, it
removes excess heat
from the engine; second,
it maintains the engine
operating temperature
where it works most
efficiently; and finally, it
brings the engine up to
the right
operating temperature as
quickly as possible.
Losses in the conversion of chemical into mechanical energy
a. Friction and mechanical losses
b. Cooling system losses
c. Exhaust heat losses
d. Losses due to radiation

In general, if an engine has a thermal efficiency of 25% then the losses are
approximately as follows:
a. Friction - 5%
b. Cooling system - 25%
c. Exhaust gases - 37%
d. Radiation, etc. - 8%
Results of Overheating
1. Piston and cylinder expands and the piston will stop motion
2. The Lubricating qualities of the oil supplies to the cylinder will be destroyed
3. Pre-ignition of the fuel mixture results in knocking and loss of power

• The optimum working temperatures of an engine is below the boiling


temperature of water at 71OC to 93.3O
Types of Cooling System

1. Air-cooled
1. Cooling effects is produced by fins and projections on the cylinder wall
2. The flywheel is equipped with blades and blow the cooling air
3. Applications: airplanes, motorcycles, lawn mowers and most one-
cylinder stationary engines
2. Liquid-cooling usually by water
1. Open jacket or hopper
• With a hollow space around the cylinders called “water jacket”
• Used for 1-cylinder engine
• More liquid is needed and water maybe splashed out
2. Thermosiphon
• No pump, the difference of specific gravity of cool and heated air
propels the water movement
3. Forced circulation
• Same as a thermosiphon except the presence of a pump at the cold
side
The advantages are:
1. Water is cooled faster
2. Less liquid is required
3. A uniform temperature can be maintained
3. Combination of air and liquid
- Used most commonly where the pump and fan are mounted in the same shaft
and driven by the V-belt from the crankshaft
Comparison of Air-cooled and Liquid-cooling

Cooling system Advantages Disadvantages


Air-cooled -Light in weight -difficult to maintain proper
-simpler construction cooling
-More convenient and less -almost impossible to fully
troublesome control the cylinder temperature
-no danger of freezing over cold - requires the use of heavier
weather lubricating oil

Liquid-cooled Water is usually used since Disadvantages of water


-it is plenty -high freezing point
-a good heat absorber - cause excessive corrosion of
-circulates freely as liquid radiator (rain water is the best)
-neutral and less harmful -may cause deposits in the
cylinder jacket
-requires replenishing due to
drains during evaporation
Cooling Liquid Additives
1. Coolants – increases the heat absorbing quality of the liquid (water)
2. Anti-freezants – prevents freezing of water in the cold and temperate
regions
End

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