NATIONAL BOARD FOR TECHNICAL EDUCATION KADUNA

HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA (HND)

IN

ACCOUNTANCY

CURRICULUM AND COURSE SPECIFICATIONS

AUGUST 2004

PLOT ‘B’ BIDA ROAD, P. M. B. 2239, KADUNA - NIGERIA

GENERAL INFORMATION

Objectives of the Higher National Diploma (HND) Accountancy Programme.

The general objectives of the HND Programme are:

(i) to transmit at a higher level, a body of knowledge and a command of adequate management skills and techniques;
(ii) to produce graduates who are capable of managing organizations’ resources and communicating effectively;
(iii) to make the graduate understand his environment and the community (local and international);
(iv) to inculcate into the graduate, the ethical and social responsibilities of an accountant.

The HND Accountancy programme should contribute adequately to the production of good quality and dedicated managers for commerce,
industry, private and the public sector.

Goal of the HND Accountancy

The HND Accountancy curriculum is designed to enable students acquire a detailed theoretical and practical knowledge and thorough
understanding of accounting procedures and practices required of an Accountant. This should place the graduates in Management positions in
industry, commerce and the public sector.

The graduates of HND Accountancy should be able to:

(i) Prepare the final accounts of all kinds of business organizations including group accounts.
(ii) Set up and operate an accounting system for any of business in an economy.
(iii) Analyse and interpret corporate reports.
(iv) Advise on investment decisions in the capital market.
(v) Prepare audit programmes.
(vi) Lead a stock-taking team for audit purposes.
(vii) Prepare budgets, propose and appraise standard costs, and analyse variances for control purposes.

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 (viii) Provide information for price fixing and marketing strategies.
(ix) Collect, collate and analyse data for feasibility reports and project appraisal.
(x) Carry out special investigations on how company resources have been utilized.
(xi) Advise on and carry out formation and registration of new companies.
(xii) Employ modern technology in carrying out managerial functions.
(xiii) Prepare Tax returns, tax computations and advise on tax savings.
(xiv) E.t.c.

ENTRY REQUIREMENTS

HIGER NATIONAL DIPLOMA (HND) PROGRAMME

The general entry requirements for the HND Accountancy programme shall be:

(a) all the requirements for admission into the ND Accountancy/Financial Studies programme, plus
(b) a minimum of lower credit pass (GPA 2.50 and above) in the ND Accountancy/Financial Studies and
(c) a minimum of one year Post ND cognate work experience.

Note: In few exceptional cases ND graduates with a pass (CGPA of 2.00-2.49) in the ND that have worked for two or more years in the field
may
be considered for admission into the HND programme. The number of such candidates, however, should not be more than 20% of the
number of students in the class.

CURRICULUM STRUCTURE

The structure of the curriculum of the HND Accountancy programmes consists of four main components.
These are:
(i) General Education Courses
(ii) Foundation Courses

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(iii) Professional Courses
(iv) Supervised Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES)

The curriculum of the programme is structured into four semesters of classroom/workshop/laboratory activities within the institution. Each
semester of institutional based activities shall be for eighteen (18) weeks duration distributed as follows:-

15 weeks of teaching including practicals, tests, quizzes etc;, 1 week for registration and two weeks for examinations.

ACCREDITATION AND CONDITIONS FOR THE AWARD OF HND

The programme shall be accredited by the NBTE before the graduants are awarded the Higher National Diploma in Accountancy. Details about
the process of accrediting a programme for the award of the diploma/certificates are obtainable from the Executive Secretary, National Board for
Technical Education, Plot B, Bida Road, P.M.B. 2239, Kaduna, Nigeria.

Institutions offering the accredited programme will award the Higher National Diploma in Accountancy to candidates who have successfully
completed the programme course work and research projects, after passing the prescribed examinations. Such candidates should have completed
a minimum of 87 semester credit units.

Higher National Diploma shall be classified as follows:-

Distinction - GPA of 3.50 and above.

Upper Credit - GPA of 3.00 – 3.49
Lower Credit - GPA of 2.50 – 2.99
Pass (P) - GPA of 2.00 – 2.49

Notes to Teachers Teaching the Programme

The new curriculum is drawn in unit courses. This is in keeping with the provisions of the National Policy on Education, which stress the need
to produce the curriculum in semester credit units which will enable a student who may so wish to transfer the units already completed in an
institution to another institution of similar standard.

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In designing the units, the principles of the module system by product have been adopted; thus making each of the professional modules, when
completed, to provide the students with technical operative skills, which can be used for employment purposes.

As the success of the credit unit system depends on the articulation of programmes between the institutions and industry, the curriculum content
has been written in behavioural objectives, so that it can be quite clear to all, the expected behaviour of the student who has successfully
completed some or all of the courses of the programme.

There is a slight departure in the presentation of the performances based curriculum which require that the conditions under which the
performance are expected to be carried out, the teachers activities and the criteria for the acceptable levels of performance are stated. It is a
deliberate attempt to make the staff of the department teaching the programme to write their own curriculum stating the conditions existing in
their institution under which the performance would take place and to follow that with the criteria for determining an acceptable level of
performance. Departmental submissions on the final curriculum may, however, be vetted by the Academic Board of the institution.

It is our aim to continue to see to it that a solid internal evaluation system exists in each institution for ensuring minimum standard and quality of
education in the programmes offered throughout the Polytechnic system.

The teaching of the theory and practical work should, as mush as possible, be integrated. Practical exercise, especially those in professional
courses and laboratory work should not be taught in isolation from the theory.

National Board for Technical Education,

Kaduna,
July 22, 2002.

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 Curriculum Table
HND PROGRAMME IN ACCOUNTANCY

1ST SEMESTER
COURSE COURSE TITLE T P CU CH
CODE
ACC 311 Accounting Theory &Practice 1 3 4 4
ACC 312 Advanced Costing I 2 2 4 4
ACC 313 Executorship & Bankruptcy Law 1 1 2 2
ACC 315 Quantitative Techniques 1 2 3 3
ACC 316 Public Finance 1 2 3 3
ACC 317 Management Information System I 1 1 2 2
HBF 427 Managerial Economics 3 1 4 4
OTM 412 Business Communications 1 2 2 4 4
TOTAL 12 14 26 26

2ND SEMESTER
COURSE COURSE TITLE T P CU CH
CODE
ACC 321 Advanced Financial Accounting 1 1 3 4 4
ACC 322 Advanced Costing 2 2 2 4 4
ACC 324 Advanced Taxation 1 1 2 3 3
ACC 326 Public Sector Accounting 1 2 2 4 4
ACC 327 Management Information System 2 1 1 2 2
HBF 413 Business Research Methods 2 1 3 3
BAM 413 Entrepreneurship Development 1 1 2 2
OTM 424 Professional Ethics and Social Responsibility 2 2 4 4
TOTAL 12 14 26 26

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3RD SEMESTER
COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE T P CU CH
ACC 411 Advanced Financial Accounting 2 2 2 4 4
ACC 412 Auditing and Investigations 2 2 3 3
ACC 413 Financial Management 1 2 2 3 3
ACC 414 Advanced Taxation 2 2 1 3 3
ACC 415 Management Accounting 1 2 2 4 4
BAM 418 Small Business Management 1 1 2 2
ACC 416 Public Sector Accounting 2 1 2 3 3
0TM 422 Business Communications 2 2 2 4 4

TOTAL 14 14 27 27

4TH SEMESTER
COURSE CODE COURSE TITLE T P CU CH
ACC 421 Advanced Financial Accounting 3 2 2 4 4
ACC 422 Audit Practice & Assurance Services 2 1 3 3
ACC 423 Financial Management 2 2 2 4 4
ACC 424 Multi-Disciplinary Case Study 1 1 2 2
ACC 425 Management Accounting 2 2 2 4 4
ACC 428 Project 3 3 3
OTM 322 Professional Career Development 2 2 4 4
TOTAL 11 13 24 24

A:\curriculum_table.doc

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PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 311 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 4.0 Units
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: ACCOUNTING THEORY AND Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 25%
PRACTICE
Semester: 1 Practical: 3 hours/week - 75%

Goal: This course is designed to provide the students with accounting theoretical framework so as to enable them
understand and apply these theories in real business situations.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course the student should be able to:

1.0 Know the foundation and relevance of Accounting theory.

2.0 Understand the nature and purpose of accounting.
3.0 Understand accounting model measurement and valuation of assets, liabilities, capital/equity, income and
expenditure.
4.0 Understand the accounting concept of income and profit.
5.0 Know the accounting concepts, conventions bases and policies.
6.0 Understand various accounting treatments or provisions.
7.0 Understand the various reserves and their relevance to financial reporting.
8.0 Know the regulatory and statutory frame work under which accounting theory and practice operate.
9.0 Understand the application of specific accounting standards.
10.0 Understand inflation accounting concepts.
11.0 Understand the application of computer in solving specific financial accounting problems.

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 PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 311 Credit Hours: 60 hours.
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 4.0 Units
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: ACCOUNTING THEORY & Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 25%
PRACTICE
Semester FIRST SEMESTER Practical: 3 hours/week - 75%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Know the foundation and relevance of Accounting theory.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Teacher’s Resources
Week Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Learning
Outcomes
1.1 Define Accounting Explain the importance of Overhead Ability to Lead the students to SAS
Theory theory formulation as means projector demonstrate a identify the importance of
1.2 Explain evolution of of arriving at accounting detailed theory formulation in Internet
accounting theory. practice. SAS understanding relation to Accounting
1.3 Explain the need for of accounting practice. Word-processor
theory formulation. Guide the students to make theory and its
1.4 Identify the problems of observations on SAS. application. Guide the class to Flipchart

9
 accounting theory understand the relevance
formulation. of SAS in accounting CAMA
1.5 State the advantages, practice by way of
disadvantages and quizzes. Spreadsheet.
prospects of accounting
theory. Guide the class to identify
1.6 Identify the areas of graphically the use and
coverage of accounting users of financial
theory. statements.
1.7 Explain relevance of
statements of accounting Lead the students to draw
standards. the format for financial
statements as provided in
CAMA, SAS, etc. using
spreadsheets

Lead the students to

prepare published
accounts using
spreadsheets

10
General Objective 2: Understand the nature and purpose of accounting.
2.1 State the history and Use graphic illustration to Overhead 1. Draw the Lead the students to SAS
development of explain to students the uses projector format identify the importance
accounting. and the users of financial for income of theory formulation in Internet
2.2 Explain the nature, statements. Charts and statements, relation to Accounting
principles and scope of diagrams balance sheet practice. Word-processor
accounting. and
2.3 Explain the role and the cashflow. Guide the class to Flipchart
core aspects of understand the
accounting in the 2. Prepare relevance of SAS in CAMA
management of an published accounting practice by
organization e.g. accounts way of quizzes. Spreadsheet.
- Financial Accounting.
- Cost and Management Guide the class to
Accounting. identify graphically the
- Financial Management use and users of
- Auditing financial statements.
- Taxation
2.4 Identify the various Lead the students to
users of financial draw the format for
statements financial statements as
Showing types, information provided in CAMA,
needs, users and adequacy SAS, etc.
in form as well as the
usefulness. Lead the students to
prepare published
accounts.

11
General Objective 3: Understand accounting model measurement and valuation of assets, liabilities, capital/equity, income and expenditure.
3.1 Define Assets. Use graphic illustration to Overhead 1. Draw the Lead the students to SAS
3.2 Identify the types and show the model and explain projector format identify the importance
classifications of assets the reasons for the model. for income of theory formulation in Internet
3.3 Describe the methods of valuation Charts and statements, relation to Accounting
of assets. diagrams balance sheet practice. Word-processor
3.4 Explain in detail, each of the Give further examples on and
following valuation methods of cashflow. Guide the class to Flipchart
- Property, plant and measurement. understand the
equipment 2. Prepare relevance of SAS in CAMA
- Leases published accounting practice by
- Investments accounts way of quizzes. Spreadsheet.
- Inventories Draw up a Balance sheet
- Debtors and other format and lead students to Guide the class to
receivables make correct classification identify graphically the
- Intangible and fictitious of items. use and users of
Assets namely:- financial statements.
- Goodwill
- Patents, trademarks and Lead the students to
copy rights Give gradable Assignments draw the format for
- Research and financial statements as
Development Expenditure provided in CAMA,
- Preliminary Expenses and SAS, etc.
- Discount on issue of
shares. Lead the students to
3.5 Define liabilities prepare published
3.6 Explain the types and accounts.
classifications of liabilities.
3.7 Classify balance sheet items under
the following:
(a) Fixed Assets.
- Intangible
- Tangible
- Investments

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 (b) Current Assets.
- Stocks
- Debtors.
- Call-ups share capital not
paid.
- Investments
- Cash
(c) Prepayment and accrued
Income.
(d) Creditors
(e) Net current assets (Liabilities)
(f) Total assets.
(g) Creditors
(h) Provisions for Liabilities
(i) Accrual and Deferred Income
(j) Capital and Reserves.
3.8 Define capital.
3.9 Compare Accounting definition of
capital to that of economics.
3.10 Distinguish between capital and
equity.
3.11 Distinguish between equity and
reserves.
3.12 Define Income.
3.13 Compare Accounting concepts of
income with
that of economics.
3.14 Describe the proprietary and
equity concepts of income and
their implications for capital
maintenance.
3.15 Define Expenditure
3.16 Describe the nature of
expenditure
3.17 Identify the characteristic and
accounting

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 treatment of expenditure.
3.18 Define Borrowing cost
3.19 Explain the accounting
treatment of Borrowing
cost.

General Objective 4: Understand the accounting concept of income and profit.

4.1 Explain the various Give appropriate Overhead 1. Draw the format Lead the SAS
approaches to income illustrations and lead projector for income students to
measurement. students to make statements, identify the Internet
4.2 Identify the objective of computations to extract Charts and balance sheet and importance of
Income measurement. Gross Income, Net Income, diagrams cashflow. theory Word-processor
4.3 Explain the problems of etc. formulation in
Income measurement. 2. Prepare published relation to Flipchart
4.4 Define profit. accounts Accounting
4.5 Identify various classes practice. CAMA
of profit.
4.6 Identify differences and Guide the class Spreadsheet.
similarities between to understand
income and profit. the relevance of
4.7 Identify methods and SAS in
problems of measuring accounting
profit. practice by way
4.8 Explain the application of quizzes.
of different classes of
profit. Guide the class
to identify
graphically the
use and users of
financial
statements.

Lead the
students to draw
the format for

14
 financial
statements as
provided in
CAMA, SAS,
etc.

Lead the
students to
prepare
published
accounts.

15
General Objective 5: Know the accounting concepts, conventions bases and policies.
5.1 Explain Accounting - Draw up a chart Overhead 1. Draw the format Lead the SAS
concepts, conventions, which lists the projector for income students to
bases and policies. main types of statements, identify the Internet
5.2 Describe the evolution, business units and Charts and balance sheet and importance of
purpose and problems compare them under diagrams cashflow. theory Word-processor
of the different concepts different headings formulation in
and conventions. e.g. 2. Prepare published relation to Flipchart
5.3 Explain the contents and Sole traders accounts Accounting
applications of Partnerships practice. CAMA
accounting concepts, Limited Companies
conventions, bases and Limited Partnership Guide the class Spreadsheet.
policies. Not-for-profit to understand
5.4 Explain the conflicts Organizations the relevance of
and resolutions of the Local government SAS in
above terms. bodies accounting
5.5 Explain Generally Central government practice by way
Accepted Accounting departments of quizzes.
Principles. Points to be compared
5.6 Explain the prospects of Ownership Guide the class
the principles. Provision of to identify
5.7 Apply the basic Capital. graphically the
concepts, principles and use and users of
conventions to different Control of the financial
types of business units. Organization’s statements.
5.8 Explain various issues business decisions
of statements of Liability for debt. Lead the
standard Accounting Liability for tort. students to draw
practice. Entitlement to the format for
profit earned etc. financial
- Draw up stock ledger statements as
cards and explain the provided in
contents. CAMA, SAS,
etc.

16
 Lead the
students to
prepare
published
accounts.
General Objective 6: Understand various accounting treatments or provisions.
6.1 Define provisions. Explain the different types Overhead 1. Draw the format Lead the SAS
6.2 Identify different types of provisions and show the projector for income students to
of provisions. treatment of contingencies in statements, identify the Internet
6.3 State the reasons for the accounts. Charts and balance sheet and importance of
provisions. diagrams cashflow. theory Word-processor
6.4 Define contingencies. formulation in
6.5 Explain the treatment 2. Prepare published relation to Flipchart
and presentation of accounts Accounting
contingencies. practice. CAMA
6.6 Explain the nature and
characteristics of Guide the class Spreadsheet.
provisions and their to understand
relationship with the relevance of
income and capital SAS in
measurement. accounting
6.7 Explain the treatment of practice by way
contingencies and of quizzes.
provisions in Account.
Guide the class
to identify
graphically the
use and users of
financial
statements.

Lead the
students to draw
the format for
financial

17
 statements as
provided in
CAMA, SAS,
etc.

Lead the
students to
prepare
published
accounts.
General Objective 7: Understand the various reserves and their relevance to financial reporting.
7.1 Define Reserves. Exposition defining the uses Overhead 1. Draw the format Lead the SAS
7.2 Identify different types and purposes of reserves and projector for income students to
and characteristics of their treatment in the ledgers statements, identify the Internet
reserves. and final accounts Charts and balance sheet and importance of
7.3 State the origin, purpose diagrams cashflow. theory Word-processor
and application of formulation in
reserves. relation to Flipchart
7.4 Explain statutory 2. Prepare published Accounting
reserves requirements accounts practice. CAMA
including those of
Banks and Insurance Guide the class Spreadsheet.
Companies. to understand
7.5 Identify the similarities the relevance of
and the differences SAS in
between Reserves and accounting
provisions. practice by way
7.6 Explain the Accounting of quizzes.
treatment of Reserves.
Guide the class
to identify
graphically the
use and users of
financial
statements.

18
 Lead the
students to draw
the format for
financial
statements as
provided in
CAMA, SAS,
etc.

Lead the
students to
prepare
published
accounts.
General Objective 8: Know the regulatory and statutory frame work under which accounting theory and practice operate.
8.1 Explain the structure and Explain the differences Overhead 1. Write on the Ask the students SAS
functions of the Nigerian between the NASB and the projector regulatory to write on the
Accounting Standards Board Company Registry. framework of regulatory and CAMA
(NASB). Charts and Accounting. statutory
8.2 State the process leading to the diagrams framework of SEC Act.
issue of Statements of the Explain fully the generally 2. Draw the Accounting.
Accounting standards. accepted Accounting structure of BOFIA
8.3 Outline the contents and principles. Nigerian Organise the
applications of operational Accounting students into Word-processor
standards (both local and Standards Board. groups and lead
international) them to restate Flipchart
8.4 Compare the structure and Explain the provisions of the 3. Restate the the contents and
functions of the Nigerian statutes as much as possible accounting relevance of
Accounting Standard Board with as they affect accounting relevance of Acts each SAS.
the International Accounting theory and practice. and Guidelines
Standard Board. such as CAMA, Lead the student
8.5 Analyze arguments for and Insurance Act, to relate
against Accounting Standards. SAS, etc. Accounting

19
8.6 Explain Generally Accepted theories with
Accounting Principles, (GAAP). Acts and
8.7 State the legal framework on guidelines by
which accounting theories way of quizzes.
principles and practice operate.

8.8 Explain the accounting relevance

of the various Acts and
Guidelines applicable to the
different companies with
particular reference to:
- Companies and Allied
Matters Act. 1990.
- Insurance Act
- NAICOM Guidelines.
- Prudential Guidelines
- Stock Exchange
Regulations.
- Securities and Exchange
guidelines.
- Banks and other Financial
Institutions Act.
General Objective 9: Understand the application of specific accounting standards.
9.1 Define extra ordinary Obtain accounting standards Overhead 1. Write on the Ask the students SAS
items. and lead the students to projector regulatory to write on the
9.2 Define exceptional examine the various topics. framework of regulatory and CAMA
items. Charts and Accounting. statutory
9.3 Distinguish between diagrams framework of SEC Act.
exceptional items and Graphically 2. Draw the Accounting.
extra-ordinary items. Demonstrate the calculation structure of BOFIA
9.4 List examples of extra of each method and show Nigerian Organise the
ordinary items and their accounting treatment. Accounting students into Word-processor
exceptional items. Standards Board. groups and lead
9.5 Define prior year them to restate Flipchart
adjustment. 3. Restate the the contents and

20
9.6 Explain the meaning of accounting relevance of
fundamental mistake. relevance of Acts each SAS.
9.7 Define “Accounting and Guidelines
Policy” and distinguish such as CAMA, Lead the student
it from “Accounting Insurance Act, to relate
Estimates”. SAS, etc. Accounting
9.8 State the distinctions theories with
between prior year Acts and
adjustments and prior guidelines by
year items. way of quizzes.
9.9 Highlight the placement
of each of the above
items on the financial
statements.
9.10 Define the term
“Deferred Taxation”.
9.11 Explain Timing
Differences.
9.12 Explain the treatment
of deferred taxation in
Company Accounts.
9.13 Define Depreciation
and its concepts.
9.14 Explain the various
methods of
depreciation.
9.15 State the Advantages
and disadvantages of
each method.
9.16 State the problems
relating to depreciation
and income
measurement.

21
General Objective 10: Understand inflation accounting concepts.
10.1 Explain Historic cost. Give good examples and 1. Distinguish Ask the students SAS
10.2 Distinguish between explain the effect of inflation graphically to write on the
historic cost on financial reporting. between historic difference Flipchart.
accounting and current cost accounting between
cost accounting. and Inflation Inflation and Internet.
10.3 Identify the effect of Accounting. Historic cost
inflation on financial accounting. Accounting
reporting. 2. Prepare financial packages
10.4 Apply price index in statement using Assist the class
preparing financial price index. to prepare Word processor
statements. accounts using
3. Analyse the effect price index.
of inflation.
Group the
students and ask
each group to
prepare
accounts using
different
accounting
packages.

22
General Objective 11: Understand the application of computer in solving specific financial accounting problems.
11.1 Explain the needs for Lead students to obtain a Overhead 1. Prepare financial Group the Computer
Computers in processing hand-on-deck practical projector statements using students and ask systems.
Accounting information. knowledge of computer various computer each group to
11.2 Identify the various Computer application to these areas. Computer set accounting prepare Accounting
software packages for the up with packages. accounts using packages.
processing of financial data. accounting different
11.3 Explain the use of Computer package and accounting Internet.
software in the following areas: sample data. packages.
- General and other ledger
accounts.
- Final balance and other
schedules.
- Personnel records.
- Inventory management.
- Treasury management
- Accounting ratios
- Final Accounts.
`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
25% % 25% 50%

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PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 312 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 4.0 Units
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: ADVANCED COST Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
ACCOUNTING I
Semester: FIRST SEMESTER Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Goal: To provide the students with the concepts, theories and application of costing methods so as to enhance their
understanding on the treatment, use and the interpretation of cost accounting data.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of the course the students should be able to:-

1.0 Understand the organization of Cost Accounting Department.

2.0 Understand elements of Costs.
3.0 Know the integration of Cost and Financial Accounts.
4.0 Understand basic Costing Methods.
5.0 Understand job and batch costing.
6.0 Understand contract costing.
7.0 Know process costing.
8.0 Know Service Costing.
9.0 Understand Uniform Costing.

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 PROGRAMME Code: ACC 312 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 4.0 Units
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: ADVANCED COST Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week – 50%
ACCOUNTING I
Semester FIRST SEMESTER Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand the organization of Cost Accounting Department.
Specific Learning Outcomes Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Outcomes

1.1 Define Cost Accounting Describe and illustrate Cost Overhead 1. Demonstrate the Show the Cardboard
Department. Accounting Department with projector understanding of organization charts
1.2 Explain the functions of charts. the set up of a chart of a
a Cost Accounting Cost Accounting typical Cost Overhead
Department. Department, its Accounting Projector and
1.3 Explain the administration and Department of Transparency.
administration of Cost relationship with an organisation.
Accounting other Departments
Department. in an organization. Direct students
1.4 Compare Cost to identify its
Accounting Department relationship to
to other Departments in other
an organization. Department.
General Objective 2: Understand elements of Costs.
2.1 Explain elements of cost 1. Illustrate with Overhead 1. Write out the Illustrate the Overhead
– materials, labour and examples the projector components of components of Projector.
overheads. components of costs. the cost of a costs with

25
2.2 Explain inventory Charts and product. examples and Transparency.
control procedures 2. Show how EOQ is diagrams guide students Computer
including EOQ model. calculated. 2. State inventory in the Software
2.3 Define Just-in-Time Worked control calculation of package.
(JIT) systems. examples procedures EOQ.
calculate
economic order
quantity using
EOQ model.
General Objective 3: Know the integration of Cost and Financial Accounts.
3.1 Define book keeping in Demonstrate the preparation Overhead 1. Post cost Guide students Spreadsheets.
cost accounting. of integrated and projector transactions into in the
3.2 Prepare ledger accounts interlocking accounts and the ledger preparation of Overhead
with interlocking. the reconciliation of Charts and accounts. cost ledger Projector.
3.3 Prepare integrated Financial and Cost Account diagrams accounts and
ledger accounts. profit. 2. Prepare reconciliation of Transparency.
3.4 Reconcile Financial and integrated financial and
Cost Accounting profit. accounts. Cost Accounts
3. Reconcile profit using
Financial and spreadsheets
Cost Accounts
profit.

26
General Objective 4: Understand basic Costing Methods.
4.1 Define specific order Explain and distinguish Overhead 1. Compute product Lead students in Spreadsheets.
costing and operation between specific order costing projector cost using job, computation of
costing. and operation costing. batch, contract product cost using Overhead
4.2 List the sub-divisions of Charts and process and various methods. Projector.
specific order costing. uniform costing.
4.3 List the sub-divisions of
diagrams Transparency.
operation costing.
General Objective 5: Understand job and batch costing.
5.1 Define Job costing. Illustrate with computation Overhead 1. Compute product Lead students in Spreadsheets.
5.2 Compute unit product the accounting process for projector cost using job, computation of
cost. Job and Batch costing. batch, contract product cost Overhead
5.3 Define Batch costing. Worked process and using various Projector.
5.4 Compute unit cost of a examples uniform costing. methods.
product in a batch. Transparency.
5.5 Post product costs to the
accounts in the cost
ledger.
General Objective 6: Understand contract costing.
6.1 Define contract costing. Define and illustrate the Overhead 1. Compute product Lead students in Spreadsheets.
6.2 Compute contract cost. process of contract costing projector cost using job, computation of
6.3 Prepare contract with examples. batch, contract product cost Overhead
accounts. Worked process and using various Projector.
6.4 Evaluate work in examples uniform costing. methods.
progress. Transparency.

27
General Objective 7: Know process costing.
7.1 Define process costing. Illustrate with examples the Overhead 1. Compute product Lead students in Spreadsheets.
7.2 Calculate equivalent calculation of equivalent of projector cost using job, computation of
units of production. product cost and preparation batch, contract product cost Overhead
7.3 Compile production of process accounts. Worked process and using various Projector.
cost. examples uniform costing. methods.
7.4 Define scraps, wastes, Transparency.
normal and abnormal
losses and gains.
7.5 Explain the treatment of
scraps, wastes, normal
and abnormal losses and
gains.
7.6 Compute unit cost of
production.
7.7 Evaluate work in
progress using FIFO,
and Weighted Average.
7.8 Prepare process
accounts.
7.9 Define joint and by-
products.
7.10 Evaluate and
apportion joint
costs.

28
General Objective 8: Know Service Costing.
8.1 Define service costing. Illustrate the calculation of Overhead 1. Compute product Lead students in Spreadsheets.
8.2 Calculate cost per service cost per service unit. projector cost using job, computation of
unit. Give gradable assignment. batch, contract product cost Overhead
Worked process and using various Projector.
examples uniform costing. methods.
Transparency.
General Objective 9: Understand Uniform Costing.
9.1 Define uniform costing. Explain uniform costing and Overhead 1. Compute product Lead students in Spreadsheets.
9.2 State the objectives of its uses drawing comparative projector cost using job, computation of
uniform costing. analyses with other costing batch, contract product cost Overhead
9.3 State the features of methods. Worked process and using various Projector.
uniform costing. examples uniform costing. methods.
9.4 List the advantages and Transparency.
disadvantages of
uniform costing.
`
`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
30% % 30% 40%

29
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 313 Credit Hours: 30hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 2 Units
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: EXECUTORSHIP, Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 50 %
TRUSTEESHIP AND
BANKRUPCY LAW.
Semester: FIRST SEMESTER Practical: 1 hours/week - 50%

Goal: To give specific attention to students to enable them understand the concept, principles and legal requirements
relating to Executorship, Trusteeship and Bankruptcy

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand Bankruptcy Law.

2.0 Know the provisions relating to acts of Bankruptcy.
3.0 Understand Bankruptcy proceedings and discharge.
4.0 Know properties available for distribution.
5.0 Understand Trusteeship in Bankruptcy.
6.0 Know how the distributions of properties are carried out.
7.0 Understand Executorship law.
8.0 Understand the methods of devaluation of property.
9.0 Know classification of trusts.
10.0 Understand Trusteeship law.

PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 313 Credit Hours: 30 hours

HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 2 Units

30
 ACCOUNTANCY
Course:EXECUTORSHIP, Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 50%
TRUSTEESHIP AND BANKRUPTCY
LAW
Semester FIRST SEMESTER Practical: 1 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand Bankruptcy Law.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1.1 Define Bankruptcy. Explain clearly the Overhead 1. State the basic In groups:
1.2 Distinguish between difference between projector concept of Ask the students Flipchart
Insolvency and Insolvency and Bankruptcy. Bankruptcy, to clearly
Bankruptcy. insolvency and distinguish Statute
1.3 Outline causes of their causes. between
Bankruptcy. Bankruptcy and
2. State the Insolvency.
provision of the
Bankruptcy Act Ask the students
and the to list the causes
differentiate of bankruptcy
classes of debtors and insolvency.
who may be Guide the class
declared bankrupt. in describing the
classes of
debtors who
may be declared
bankrupt.

31
General Objective 2: Know the provisions relating to acts of Bankruptcy.
2.1 Outline the acts of Show classes of debtors who Overhead 1. State the basic Ask the students
Bankruptcy. may be declared bankrupt projector concept of to clearly
2.2 Explain classes of and deal with the causes of Bankruptcy, distinguish Flipchart
debtors who may be acts of bankruptcy. insolvency and between
declared Bankrupt. their causes. Bankruptcy and Statute.
2.3 Explain the term Insolvency.
“deferred’ debtor”. 2. State the
provision of the Ask the students
Bankruptcy Act to list the causes
and the of bankruptcy
differentiate and insolvency.
classes of debtors
who may be Guide the class
declared bankrupt. in describing the
classes of
debtors who
may be declared
bankrupt.

32
General Objective 3: Understand Bankruptcy proceedings and discharge.
3.1 Outline bankruptcy Explain procedures petition. Overhead 1. Illustrate by way Lead the
procedures from projector of distinction students to state Bankruptcy Act
petition to the receiving between deeds of with appropriate 1990.
order. Worked arrangement and examples
3.2 Differentiate between Provide Examples. examples scheme of petition Word processor
deeds of arrangement arrangement. procedures.
and scheme of
arrangement. 2. Outline the Test students on
3.3 Explain alternatives to bankruptcy the processing,
bankruptcy proceedings procedures from after receiving
– its advantages and petition to order to the
disadvantages. receiving order discharge.
3.4 Describe proceedings by describing S
after receiving order to proceeding after hort word
the discharge of the receiving order to processed
bankrupt. the discharge of answer report
bankrupt.
General Objective 4: Know properties available for distribution.
4.1 Identify properties Give adequate illustrations Overhead 1. Classify Ask the students Bankruptcy Act
available for on property distributions. projector properties to illustrate 1990.
distribution. available and property
4.2 Identify properties not Worked unavailable for distributions.
available for examples distribution.
distribution.
4.3 Describe the concepts of
“Onerous properties”.

33
General Objective 5: Understand Trusteeship in Bankruptcy.
5.1 Describe the Describe the functions of the Overhead 1. Identify the Test students Bankruptcy Act
relationship between the official receiver and the projector powers and duties understanding 1990.
official receiver and the trustee. of a trustee in by simple
trustee. Bankruptcy and quizzes, the Interactive quiz
5.2 Outline the powers the outline powers relationship on computer
trustee can exercise that can be between the
independently and those exercise official receiver
duly conferred on him Independently by and the trustee.
by the creditors. the trustee.
5.3 Explain the duties of the
trustee in Bankruptcy.
5.4 Recapitulate on work
done so far.
General Objective 6: Know how the distributions of properties are carried out.
6.1 Explain the different Test the students on the Overhead 1. Write the process Lead the Bankruptcy Act
classes of creditors. principles and concepts so projector of lodge proving students to 1990.
6.2 Explain the process of far covered. and discuss classes
lodge proving. Short test distinguishing of creditors and
6.3 Outline the order of different classes list the order of
payment of debt. of creditors. debt payment.
Group
presentation

34
General Objective 7: Understand Executorship Law.
7.1 Define the following Explain the problems of Overhead 1. Write out the Guide the Format of a
terms: Executor, Will - intestate. projector terminologies student to Will.
Testate, Intestate, common in differentiate
Executrix and Explain the consequences of Case study executorship different types Bankruptcy Law
Beneficiaries. a valid Will. examples law. of wills. 1990.
7.2 State the Elements of a
valid Will. 2. State the Ask the students
7.3 Outline the different consequences of to list the
types of Wills. a valid will. problems of
7.4 Describe the procedure intestate.
for grant of probate.
General Objective 8: Understand the methods of devaluation of property.
8.1 Outline the rights and Explain methods of property Overhead 1. Apply the skills Lead the class Stature
duties of Executors. devaluation. projector acquired on the into discussion,
8.2 Explain the Executor methods of to outline the
and the Administrator. Worked property rights and duties
8.3 Describe family examples devaluation. of executors.
provision

35
General Objective 9: Know classification of trusts.
9.1 Define different classes Illustrate the process or Overhead 1. Identify the Ask the students Word processor
of trusts. creation of trusts. projector creation and to illustrate the
9.2 Explain the term classes of trusts process of trusts
“creation of trusts”. Worked and who may be creation in a
9.3 Describe the concepts of examples trustees or short report
charitable trusts. beneficiaries.
9.4 Explain who may be
trustees or beneficiaries.
General Objective 10: Understand Trusteeship Law.
10.1 Describe the process of Illustrate graphically, use a Overhead 1. Describe the Ask the class to Bankruptcy Act
appointment and format or appointment letter projector process of form a 1990.
confirmation of trustees. and explain clearly the term, appointment discussion
10.2 Explain the role of committee of inspection. Graphs and confirmation and group and
Board of Trustee and charts remuneration of discuss the
Committee of Inspection trustees. trustees liability
10.3 Describe trustees for breach of
liabilities for breach of trusts citing
trusts. relevant decided
10.4 Describe the rights, cases.
privileges and
remuneration of
trustees.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
25% % 25% 50%

36
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 315 Credit Hours: 45 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: QUANTITATIVE Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 33%
TECHNIQUES
Semester: FIRST SEMESTER Practical: 2 hours/week - 67%

Goal: This course is designed to provide the student with quantitative techniques for management decisions.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand decision analyses.

2.0 Understand Operational Research Methodology today.
3.0 Understand modeling.
4.0 Understand the process of single stage decision theory.
5.0 Understand the process of multi-stage decisions theory.
6.0 Understand Inventory Control and Production Model.
7.0 Know Queuing Theory.
8.0 Understand Simulation.
9.0 Understand Linear Programming.
10.0 Understand Special Purpose Algorithm: Transportation, Assignment and Branch-and-Bond-method.
11.0 Understand PERT, SPM and Network Analysis.

37
 PROGRAMME: HIGHER NATIONAL Code: ACC 315 Credit Hours: 45 hours
DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course:QUANTITTATIVE Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 33%
TECHNIQUES
Semester FIRST SEMESTER Practical: 2 hours/week - 67%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand decision analyses.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1.1 Define the concept of Define and explain decision, Overhead Understanding of the Group Flipchart
analysis. decision situation, process projector nature of decision discussion
1.2 Define decision making. and analysis. making. followed by
1.3 Identify decision Understanding of the presentation to
situation. scientific approach to the class
1.4 Explain decision decision making concerning the
making process. nature of
1.5 Explain scientific decision making
approach to decision
making.
General Objective 2: Understand Operational Research Methodology today.
2.1 Define an operation. Define and explain O.R., its Overhead Ability to understand and Group exercise Internet
2.2 Explain concept of characteristics, structure and projector apply operational matching
operational research. operational stages. research methodology operational Flipchart
2.3 Explain basic structures research
of or for decision methodology to
making process. a variety of

38
2.4 Explain O.R. stage in different
developing countries, commercial
(2.5) Solve O.R. type scenarios
problems.
General Objective 3: Understand Modelling.
3.1 Explain the nature of Define and explain Overhead Understanding of the Students to Spreadsheet
models. modeling. Explain the projector nature and application of produce a
3.2 Explain the uses of process and types of business modeling spreadsheet Case study
models. modeling. Explain various Worked techniques to business showing the
3.3 Identify advantages and prototype in O.R. to date. examples scenarios effects of
disadvantages of various interest
models. Carry out visitations’ to rates on a
3.4 Explain the process of places where models are typical loan
modeling. located e.g. libraries. agreement
3.5 Classify models e.g.
ICONIC, analogue,
symbolic/mathematical
etc.
3.6 Identify advantages and
limitations of
mathematical models.
3.7 Prototypes in O.R.
General Objective 4: Understand the process of single stage decision theory.
4.1 Explain decision under Solve case studies on Overhead Understanding of the Students to Flipchart
certainty. decision under risk and projector nature and application of work in groups
4.2 Explain decision under uncertainty. decision theory with solving case Case Study
risk. Case studies respect to business study examples
4.3 Explain decision under scenarios under
uncertainty. uncertainty
General Objective 5: Understand the process of multi-stage decisions theory.
5.1 Identify multi-stage Solve case studies on Overhead Ability to understand and Students to Decision tree
decision situation. decision three problems. projector use decision trees to solve decision statistical
5.2 Formulate problems solve business problems problems using package on
into decision tree. Case studies decision trees Excel
5.3 Solve and interprete spreadsheet

39
 decision tree problems.
General Objective 6: Understand Inventory Control and Production Model.
6.1 Derive inventory model Assign and solve problems Overhead Ability to work out and Students to Sample
under non-instantaneous and/or case studies on projector apply EOQ model. work on EOQ problems
supply. Inventory problems. problems and
6.2 Derive EOQ model Case studies Understanding of the present as a Word processor
under non-instantaneous Arrange visitation to issues and importance of word processed
supply. Company stores and observe effective inventory exercise.
6.3 Solve EOQ problems stock taking. control.
under instantaneous
supply.
6.4 Derive inventory model
under non-instantaneous
supply.
6.5 Derive EOQ model
under non-instantaneous
supply
6.6 .Solve EOQ problems
under non-instantaneous
supply.
General Objective 7: Know Queuing Theory.
7.1 Explain the concept of Explain Queuing problems Overhead Ability to understand and Group exercise Internet
queuing (waiting lines). and solve case studies on projector solve queuing problems to solve a
7.2 Explain queuing queue problems. in service situations. complex Flipchart
objectives and cost Case studies business case
behaviour. Carry out visitations to study scenario.
7.3 Explain the assumptions banks hospitals and traffic
of queuing model. point where there are Group present Powerpoint/
7.4 Formulate single server queues. findings to class flipchart
model.
7.5 Explain cost analysis in
queuing.

40
General Objective 8: Understand Simulation.
8.1 Explain general nature of Explain and solve case Overhead Ability to devise Students to test Case study
simulation. studies on simulation projector simulated programmes to the outcomes of
8.2 Identify the advantages problems. solve business problems a marketing Internet
and limitations of Case studies scenario using
simulation. simulated
8.3 Explain the Monte Carlo outcomes.
simulation method.
8.4 Apply simulation to Group Powerpoint/
solving real life cost presentation Flipchart
analysis problems.
General Objective 9: Understand Linear Programming.
9.1 Define Linear Programming. Explain L.P. problems. Overhead Ability to understand and Students to use Case study
9.2 Identify the major requirements of projector solve problems linear linear
L.P. problems. Solve case studies on L.P. programming techniques programming to Internet
9.3 Explain allocation problems. problems. Case studies solve several
9.4 Identify the properties of LP project
9.5 Explain the assumptions of LP scheduling
model. problems.
9.6 Formulate LP model-maximization
and minimization. Group Powerpoint/
9.7 Solve LP problems:- presentation Flipchart
- Graphical approach
(maximization and
minimization).
- Simplex Method
(maximization and
minimization).
9.8 Explain the concept of duality in
L.P.
9.9 Solve dual L.P. problems.
General Objective 10: Understand Special Purpose Algorithm: Transportation, Assignment and Branch-and-Bond-

41
method.
10.1 Explain the nature of transportation Explain transportation Case study Ability to solve Students to Word processor
problems. problems. transportation problems research and
10.2 Explain the Internet using the above solve a case Internet
characteristics of Solve case studies on techniques. study business
transportation problems. transportation problems. trasportation Case study
10.3 Formulate transportation problem.
models.
10.4 Solve transportation Powerpoint/ Individual short
problems. Flipchart report produced
10.5 Explain the concept of
MODI Method.
10.6 Explain assignment
method.
10.7 Explain Branch-and-
Bond method of
assignment problem.
10.8 Distinguish between
assignment problem and
L.P. problem.
10.9 Identify the difference
between assignment and
transportation problem.
10.10 Formulate
assignment model.
10.11 Solve assignment
problems using
assignment
model.
10.12 Solve transportation
problems using L.P.
method.
General Objective 11: Understand PERT, SPM and Network Analysis.
11.1 Define PERT. Explain with graphic Overhead Ability to understand and Students to Computer
11.2 Explain the general illustration, network analysis projector apply network analysis work on case statistical

42
 nature of network and project scheduling. and other decision studies and package
analysis and project Case studies making techniques draw network
scheduling. Solve case studies on solutions using Case study
11.3 Distinguish between network analysis problems. computer
repetitive and non- statistical
repetitive operations. Construct network for package
11.4 Draw simple project problems with limited
network analyzing resources.
activities and the events.
11.5 Sketch several activities
showing beginning and
ending events.
11.6 Explain the concept of
TE, TL, Slack and
Negative Slack.
11.7 Explain CBM .
11.8 Construct a PERT
network and compute
TE, TL, and S for all the
events.
11.9 Explain project crasing
techniques.
11.10 Construct a network
scheduling for problems
with resource
limitations.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
30% % 30% 40%

43
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 316 Credit Hours: 45 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: PUBLIC FINANCE Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 33 %
Semester: 1 Practical: 2 hours/week - 67%

Goal: To expose the student to the fundamentals of public finance and the working machinery of Nigerian Economic System so as to be able to analyse the
Nigerian Monetary and fiscal policy in terms of revenue generation and resource allocation.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand the fundamental of public finance.

2.0 Know the mechanics of monetary and fiscal policies and interest rates.
3.0 Know Federal Government Sources of revenue.
4.0 Understand the major Federal, State and Local Government expenditure.
5.0 Understand Government budgeting system.
6.0 Understand National/personal income, expenditure and deductions.
7.0 Understand Nigerian tax structure.
8.0 Appreciate National and State development plans in Nigeria.
9.0 Understand Debt management strategies.

44
 PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 316 Credit Hours: 45 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: PUBLIC FINANCE Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 33%
Semester: 1 Practical: 2 hours/week - 67%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand the fundamental of public finance.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1.1 Define Public Finance. - Explain in single Overhead Understanding of the Students to Internet
1.2 Explain revenue and terms the projector nature and specific issues research the
expenditure patterns. meaning of public relating to public finance range and extent
1.3 Explain Fiscal policies and finance. of public
programmes. - Explain historical enterprises
evolution of Public within Nigeria
Finance. and their
- Distinguish revenue funding
and expenditure requirements
pattern of the three
tiers of Group Flipchart
government. presentation
- Explain various
government fiscal
policy programmes.
(monetary/economic
and tax policies).
General Objective 2: Know the mechanics of monetary and fiscal policies and interest rates.

45
2.1 Define monetary and fiscal - Explain the difference Overhead Understand the basic Group research Internet
policies and the different between fiscal projector working of monetary and based around
objectives. policy and monetary fiscal policies and their case study.
2.2 Explain the effects of monetary policy and the relationship to interest
and fiscal policies on the objectives aimed to rates Presentation of
economy. achieve. findings to class Flipchart
2.3 Identify the role of interest rates - Describe the effect of
as an economic recovery monetary and
measure. fiscal policies on the
2.4 Explain the effect of interest rates economy with
and other measures on economic examples.
policies. - Explain the role of
interest rates on the
economic recovery
and policies.
General Objective 3: Know Federal Government Sources of revenue.
3.1 Explain receipts and - Differentiate between Overhead Understand and explain Students to Internet
expenditure. various receipts projector the various sources of complete an
3.2 State the various and expenditure. federal revenue individual Word processor
sources of funds to the - Explain various assignment
Federal Government. sources of detailing the Assignment
3.3 Identify the major funds/revenue for the major brief
sources of States and Federal, State components of
Local Government and Local government
Revenue. Government. income and
3.4 Explain the terms - Explain surplus and expenditure
surplus and deficit as deficit in relation
they relate to to government
government receipts receipts and
and expenditure. expenditure.
General Objective 4: Understand the major Federal, State and Local Government expenditure.
4.1 Define the three tiers of - Describe with Overhead Understand and explain Students to Internet
Government. emphasis the purpose projector the various components complete an
4.2 Identify the nature and of government of federal, state and local individual Word processor
purpose of Government expenditure Case studies government expenditure. assignment

46
 expenditure programmes, and detailing the Assignment
programmes. their importance. major brief
4.3 Explain the importance - Explain the economic components of
of these programmes. effect of government
4.4 State the economic government income and
effects of these expenditure expenditure
programmes on programmes.
Nigerians.
General Objective 5: Understand Government budgeting system.
5.1 Define budgets, and - Explain the Overhead Ability to demonstrate a Students to Budget books
budgeting systems. differences between projector full understanding of the analyse in
5.2 State types of budgets. budget, and government budgeting groups the latest
5.3 Explain budgeting budgeting. sytem national budget Internet
control process. - Demonstrate and to note any
5.4 Explain the impact of comparative analysis year on year
government budgeting, of current and changes in
taxing and spending on previous budget, spending
the economy. actual and budgeting. priorities.
5.5 State Government - Describe government
budgeting limitations. limitations in Group feedback Flipchart
budgeting and to class
spending.
- Causes of non-
implementation of
budget should be
identified.
General Objective 6: Understand National/personal income, expenditure and deductions.
6.1 Define national Income - Describe the Overhead Ability to explain the Students to work Word processor
and Personal-Income. difference between projector nature and differences in groups to
6.2 Explain what national and personal between personal produce a word Internet
constitutes a personal income. deductions and processed report
income and deductions. - Personal allowances national income defining and National Budget
6.3 Distinguish between and reliefs should explaining the
national and personal be explained. nature of personal
incomes. - Compute National versus national

47
6.4 State the effects of Income. income and
deductions on personal expenditure
incomes.

General Objective 7: Understand Nigerian tax structure.

7.1 Define taxes and rates. - Explain the Overhead Students are able to Students to Word processor
7.2 Describe the Nigerian terminology tax projector explain and understand produce a short
tax environment. and/tax-rate. the Nigerian system of report Internet
7.3 Compare the Nigerian taxation comparing and
Tax systems with those - Describe the Nigerian Nigerian tax
of other countries. tax system and its system with that
7.4 Explain the Nigerian tax affect on the of another major
system and structure. economy. country
7.5 State the economic
effects of Nigerian tax
systems on the
economy.
7.6 Identify some
defects/flaws in the
Nigerian tax system.

48
General Objective 8: Appreciate National and State development plans in Nigeria.
8.1 Define development - Define development Overhead Ability to explain and Class discussion Internet
plans. plans. projector understand the need for using research
8.2 Enumerate some - Analyze previous development plans and material from Newspapers
national and state Governments’ Samples of the issues around the internet and
development plans. development plans. development effective implementation newspapers etc.
8.3 Identify some defects in Assess various plans
Nigerian development development
plans. programmes and
8.4 Evaluate the budgets of the Federal
harmonization of the Government.
development
programmes and budget
by the Federal
Government.
General Objective 9: Understand Debt management strategies.
9.1 Define debts and debt - Explain the meaning, Overhead A full appreciation of the Students to Internet
management. types and projector nature of debt finance, its complete an
9.2 Define public debt. classification of sources and apllication investigation Government
9.3 Explain the types and public debt. within the Nigerian into the sources Publications
classification of debts - Distinguish between public sector and application
(domestic and domestic and of debt finance Newspapers etc.
international debts). international debt and within the
9.4 Describe the growth of how they are Nigerian public
public debt in Nigeria sourced and serviced. sector
and some other African - Explain the
Countries. implication of the
9.5 Explain strategies for growth
debt management. of public debt on the
9.6 Explain the effect of economy in both

49
 bad debt management short and long run.
on the Nigerian - Explain in detail the
economy. trend of Nigeria’s
9.7 Explain measures for debt financing and its
minimizing or reducing impact on the
the national debt. economy.
9.8 Evaluate the - Analyze current
management of debt in issues on public debt
Nigeria. sources and
management.
(Nigerian &
Newshoring
Countries).
- Explain the role of
creditors’
organization.
`
`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
25% % 25% 50%

50
 PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 317 Credit Hours:30 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA
IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: MANAGEMENT Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 50%
INFORMATION SYSTEM I
Semester: 1 Practical: 1 hours/week - 50%

Goal: This course is designed to acquaint the student with the application and the use of Computers in industry and
commerce and with further developments in information systems.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand Management Information System.

2.0 Understand Software System.
3.0 Understand Programming.
4.0 Understand System Analysis and Design.
5.0 Understand The Internet.

51
 PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 317 Credit Hours: 30 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 50%
MANAGEMENT INFORMATION
SYSTEM I
Semester Practical: 1 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand Management Information System.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1.1 Define Data and - Demonstrate how raw Overhead Understanding of the Guide students Flipchart
Information. data becomes projector scope and nature of MI in groups to
1.2 Explain attributes of information through systems draw a flow
information. appropriate chart noting the
1.3 Describe Information examples. key elements in
Systems. - Communicate the a commercial
1.4 Explain Computer meaning of Net MIS
based Information Working by a chart.
System.
1.5 Describe Real time and
Online.
1.6 Explain Time sharing.
1.7 Describe Net working.
General Objective 2: Understand Software System.
2.1 Explain types of - Exhibit appropriate Computer Students to be aware of Students to Internet

52
 Software. software packages on packages the nature and scope of research
2.2 Describe Operating different applications current software software
System. like lotus 1,2,3. applications companies on
2.3 Describe Application Excel etc. the web and
Packages. feedback in
class discussion
General Objective 3: Understand Programming.
3.1 State stages involved in - Use flow chart Overhead Understanding of the No activity
Programming. identifying a projector skills required to write necessary
3.2 Describe problem definition. particular problem software applications
3.3 Describe analysis of problem and and create a model to Flow chart
modeling. solve the problem.
3.4 Explain programme structure.
3.5 Design an algorithm/Flow chart.
3.6 Describe inputing programme into
the Computer.
3.7 Explain running of the
programme with test data.
3.8 Describe documentation.
3.9 Explain introduction to Basic
programming.

53
General Objective 4: Understand System Analysis and Design.
4.1 Define system Explain the system design Overhead Ability to design and Students to Flipchart
development circle. by a chart showing different projector analyse simple data produce a flow
4.2 Describe Data base stages of system management systems chart showing Computer
management. development. Charts the key data drawing
4.3 Describe feasibility flows in a application
study. typical sales (within word)
4.4 Explain economic department
feasibility.
4.5 Explain social
feasibility.
4.6 Explain technological
feasibility.
4.7 Describe system
analysis and design.
4.8 Describe Computer
library and back up
facilities.
4.9 Explain implementation
and documentation.
General Objective 5: Understand The Internet.
5.1 Define Internet. Demonstrate how to browse Internet Students able to undertake Students will Internet
5.2 Describe Services and access different web detailed research using the demonstrate
available on Internet. sites of the Internet. internet to solve a range of aptitude whilst
5.3 State major networks. information needs doing research
5.4 Explain types of access. connected with
5.5 Describe Internet the majority of
addressing. the course units
`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
50% % 50% %

54
PROGRAMME: Code: HBF 427 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
BANKING AND FINANCE
Course: Managerial Economics Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 3 hours/week - 75%
Semester: 4 Practical: 1 hours/week - 25%

Goal: To give special attention to theories interpretation and application of concepts of managerial economies so as to enhance the
student’s understanding of the various methods and techniques used in managerial decisions.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand the scope of managerial economics.

2.0 Know a working definition of business objectives.
3.0 Understand the importance of Investment decisions in both private and public enterprises.
4.0 Understand fundamental issues involved in pricing including the techniques used in both private and public sectors of the
economy.
5.0 Understand some basic ideas of the demand side of markets.
6.0 Understand indifference theory- (alternative method of explaining the consumers behaviour).
7.0 Understand theory of the firm: (The operations of the economic agents performing with the different market structures).
8.0 Understand corporate strategy.
9.0 Understand cost analysis.
10.0 Understand the different types of business organization.
11.0 Understand operation research techniques.

55
 PROGRAMME: HIGHER NATIONAL Code: HBF 427 Credit Hours: 60 hours
DIPLOMA IN BANKING & FINANCE
Course: : Managerial Economics Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 3 hours/week - 75%
Semester: 4 Practical: 1 hours/week - 25%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand the scope of managerial economics
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1 1.1 Give a working definition of 1. Provide student with aid Textbooks, Understand the Generate a Class quiz.
managerial economics. of a simple journals, working definition of mathematical Class exercise.
1.2 Explain micro-economic theory in example a clear meaning. magazines managerial economics. problem to
business decision-making 2. Lead the student in and other Understand consumer arouse student
(consumer theory, pricing theory, examining the relevant theory, pricing cost understanding
demand analysis, cost theory etc). application of economic materials. theory and demand
theory to analysis.
business problems.
General Objective 2: Know a working definition of business objectives
1 1.1 Define profit as an objective. 1. Provide a clear Analyse profit as an Express profit Mathematical
1.2 Evaluate the internal and external explanation of profit - ditto objective. in form of tools.
influence of objective. among other business - Analyse both equation.
objectives. endogenious and Formulate Computer
2. Lead the student in exogenious variables mathematical statistical
appraising some of the influencing objective. equation for package
influencing factors. student to
solve.

56
 General Objective 3: Understand the importance of Investment decisions in both private and public enterprises
2 -3 3.1 Explain the nature of investment 1. Explain of the Understand investment Design an Case studies.
decisions. existing nature of decisions. investment Mathematical/
3.2 Describe modern techniques of investment. Charts, Understand investment proposal. statistical
investment appraisal and related 2. Lead the student in Overhead and project appraisal. Spur students software and
problems. examining Projector, Text Understand feasibility to appraise it tables.
3.3 Compare and distinguish between modern techniques of book, Journal of project. with different
net present value and internal rate investment and and Analyse and methods.
of return. work out solutions to Magazines. understand NPV, IRR
3.4 Describe traditional methods of some and other methods of
investment appraisal. examples. investment appraisal.
3.5 Explain cost/benefit analysis and 3. Provide explanation on Understand cost/benefit
public expenditure. the analysis
conventional methods
and its
shortcomings.
4. Illustrate with aid of data
and graph
an analysis of non-
conventional
techniques used in public
expenditure appraisal.
General Objective 4: Understand fundamental issues involved in pricing including the techniques used in both private and public sectors of the economy
4 4.1 Explain the complications of 1. Lead the student in Understand pricing Use revenue Charts, graphs
pricing. examining the theories. tables and and diagrams.
4.2 Explain the different pricing intricate issues of Analyse and curves to
techniques in use – marginal pricing products - do understand break-even determine Statistical
pricing, average pricing, break- with a reference to the - point and mark-up break-even software
even pricing, mark-up etc. banking policies. point. package
4.3 Identify the correct approach to industry.
pricing of products. 2. Provide an elaborate
explanation
with a solved problem.
3. Provide a critical
analysis with an

57
 exercise.
General Objective 5: Understand some basic ideas of the demand side of markets
5-6 5.1 Define demand. 1. Provide the student Understand demand Explain Charts, graphs
5.2 Explain the different levels of with clear analysis. demand with and diagrams.
demand. meaning. Charts, Explain hypothetical tables and Mathematical
5.3 Analyse the determinants of 2. Instruct the student Overhead and empirical diagrams. equations.
demand. with aid of a Projector, Lead students Case studies.
5.4 Explain methods of demand clear labeled diagram Audio Visual,
demand tables and to understand
forecasting-time series analysis, the levels of Transparent, curves. the complexity Statistical
regression analysis etc. demand and desire etc. Explain and of demand software
5.5 Explain deficiencies of mathematically understand factors theory as a package
traditional demand theory. the demand equation. influencing demand. tool.
5.6 Explain the empirical evidence 3. Illustrate with aid of Use
on advertising and pricing in graph to the Textbook, mathematical
influencing quantity demanded. student the examined Journal and equation to
factors that Magazines. express
influence demand. demand.
4. Provide an analytical
explanation
with aid of graph.
5. Lead the student in
identifying
major weaknesses.
6. Lead the student in
making a critical
examination of the
effects with
supporting data.
General Objective 6: Understand indifference theory- (alternative method of explaining the consumers behaviour)
7-8 6.1 Define indifference curve. 1. Provide a clear Textbooks, Analyse and Use X and Y Graph and
6.2 Construct an indifference curve meaning. Journals, understand indifference axis graph to diagram.
using hypothetical or actual 2. Illustrate to the student Magazines, curves. explain budget
figures. using given etc. Analyse the budget line. line. Computer
6.3 State the characteristics of data the graphing of Explain budget Impose statistical
indifference curves and their indifference constraint and the indifference package

58
 significance for the consumer. curve. Charts, feasible region within curves to
6.4 Construct a budget line. 3. Illustrate using graph, Overhead which a consumer can determine
6.5 Use the combination of budget the properties Projector, purchase. consumption
line and indifference curve to and provide explanation Transparent, level.
predict some consumer on their Clipboard,
behaviours. importance. Audio-visual,
4. Provide the meaning Textbooks,
and illustrate Journals.
the construction of the
graph.
5. Illustrate to the student
graphically
and derive the
equilibrium position.
General Objective 7: Understand theory of the firm: (The operations of the economic agents performing with the different market structures)
9 - 10 7.1 Explain the characteristics of a 1. Provide the student Explain and Illustrate Graphs and
perfectly with a clear understand the features features of diagrams.
competitive market. definition, meaning and of perfectly competitive perfectly
7.2 Illustrate the nature of demand the features. market. competitive Word
facing a firm in a 2. Provide an explanation Textbooks, Analyse and market, processor
perfectly competitive market. with Journals, understand the nature monopoly,
7.1 Describe the short-run and long- graphical illustrations. Magazines, of demand facing a oligopoly etc. Internet
run equilibrium of a competitive 3. Illustrate with aid of a etc. perfectly competitive Draw diagram research
firm. graph the market. to show the
7.2 Analyze the concepts of equilibrium positions. Charts, Analyse and nature of
economics of scale. 4. Lead the student in Overhead understand short and demand curve
7.3 Define pure monopoly and the examining the Projector, long run equilibrium of facing the
distinguishing features. concept with an Transparent, a competitive firm. market.
7.4 Demonstrate the nature of revenue exercise. Clipboard, Understand the List examples
and demand facing a monopolist. 5. Provide a clear meaning Audio Visual. definition of of markets.
7.5 Define imperfect competition. and identify
7.6 Describe oligopoly. the features to the
monopoly,
student. oligopoly,
6. Illustrate with graphical monoproxy etc.
presentation Analyse the nature of

59
 to the student. demand facing each
7. Provide the student type of market.
with a clear
meaning.
8. Lead an explanation on
the
concept/market with a
graphical
illustration.
General Objective 8: Understand corporate strategy
11 8.1 Define corporate strategy. 1. Provide a clear Understand full Explain Examples.
8.2 Explain why strategic formulation meaning. Textbooks, meaning of corporate corporate
is necessary for each firm. 2. Provide a meaning and Journals, strategy. strategy and
8.3 Evaluate both general explain the Magazines Explain and the issues
consideration and economic desirability or otherwise and other understand the involved.
issues. to a firm. relevant necessity of strategic
8.4 Distinguish between 3. Lead the student in materials. information.
environmental opportunity and examining the Appraise and
corporate competence. situation. understand general
4. Provide a thorough
explanation with
and economic issues
practical examples. for corporate
strategy formulation.
Understand the
difference between
environmental
opportunity and
corporate competence.
General Objective 9: Understand cost analysis
12 -13 9.1 Differentiate between cost for the 1. Provide the student Charts, Analyse economic and Illustrate cost Cases,
economists and non-economists. with a clear Overhead non-economic costs. analysis with diagrams and
9.2 Analyze the short-run and long- distinction. Projector, Analyse and the aid of graphs.
run cost behaviour. 2. Illustrate with aid of a Transparent, understand short and graph and
9.3 Explain the usefulness and graph to the Textbooks, long run behaviour of diagram. Computer
application of cost for decision- student the different Magazines cost. Lead students statistical

60
 making. cost behaviour. and Journals. Explain application of to know package
9.4 Make an estimation of the short- 3. Provide an explanation cost for decision various types
run and long-run average cost on the Textbooks, making. of costs.
curves. usefulness and Journals, Adjust case
9.5 Evaluate results of empirical application of cost Magazines studies to
research. analysis. and other explain cost
4. Illustrate to the student relevant curves.
with aid of a materials.
diagram the different
AVC position. Charts,
5. Provide an exercise Overhead
(case study) on Projector,
cost analysis to the Audio-Visual,
student. Books,
Journals and
Magazines.
`
General Objective 10: Understand the different types of business organization

61
 14 10.1 Explain forms of business 1. Provide a clear Understand forms of List examples Cases and
organization. explanation to the Books, business organisation; of various articles.
10.2 Explain types of organizational student. Journals, one-man business, forms of
form. 2. Lead the student in Magazines partnership, private business
10.3 Evaluate choice of examining the and other and public limited organisation.
organizational forms. types. relevant company, public Lead students
3. Instruct the student to materials. corporation. to relate size of
examine the Analyse and companies with
merit or otherwise of understand features. their features.
each form. Understand
memorandum and
articles of association.

General Objective 11: Understand operation research techniques

14 10.1 Explain forms of business 1. Provide a clear Understand the concept Provide Cases,
organization. explanation to the Books, of operations research. students with diagrams and
10.4 Explain types of organizational student. Journals, Analyse and linear charts.
form. 2. Lead the student in Magazines understand the programming
10.5 Evaluate choice of examining the and other application of linear model. Statistical
organizational forms. types. relevant programming. Apply LP to software
3. Instruct the student to materials. solving package
examine the business
merit or otherwise of decision
each form. making
problems.
`
`

62
 ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
25% % 25% 50%

63
PROGRAMME: HND Accountancy Code: OTM 412 Credit Hours: 4 hours x week

Course: Business Pre-requisite: Business Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Communications I Communication I
Semester: 1 Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Course main Aim/Goal: This course is designed to develop in students the ability to communicate in organizations and improve
interpersonal relationship.

General Objectives:
1.0 Understand the importance of communication in an organisation.
2.0 Understand the process of communication.
3.0 Know how to communicate effectively with others in the organisation.
4.0 Know how to write effective business letters, memos, reports and proposals.
5.0 Understand interpersonal and inter-group relationships
6.0 Know how to make introductory public speeches.

64
 PROGRAMME: HND Accountancy Code: OTM 412 Credit Hours: 4 hours

Course: Business Communication I Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Semester: 1 Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1.0: Understand the importance of communication in an organisation.
Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Outcomes Activities Activities
Outcomes
1.1 Note the definition of Define Givethe different Library
communication. communication. definitions of Internet
communication as Journals
provided in different Textbooks
author?
1.2 List the differences Explain the Differentiate Refer As in 1.1
between oral and written differences between between oral and students to above.
communication.. oral and written written appropriate
communication and communication as source
their forms using provided by different materials.
suitable examples. authors?
1.3 List type of Discuss types of a.Use the various Provide Management
communication. communication eg type of source Films\
interpersonal, graphic, communication materials for Textbooks
verbal , non-verbal. b. Demonstrate the exercise
verbal and non and check
verbal accuracy of

65
 communication performance.
situations.
c. Discuss merits
and demerits of
each.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 2:0: Understand the process of communication.

2.1 List variables involved Explain variables in Provide the
chart on
in communication. communication. communication
process.
2.2 Note the role of the Explain the roles of Role play communication Management
indicating encoding and Films
speaker – message the speaker and the decoding information Textbooks
encoding and attitude. receiver in a
Note the role of communication
receiver – message process.
decoding.
2.3 Note the relevance of Explain the use of Practice the use of body
Demonstrate Management
language in
the use of Films and
body language in body language in communication
aiding. aiding understanding body Textbooks
using examples. language in
communicati
on
2.4 List barriers to effective Explain barriers to Identify barriers to Evaluate As in 2.3
communication. effective effective students’ above
communication using communication work.
suitable examples eg and suggest how
prejudice, past they could be
experience, time lag,

66
 slangs, unfamiliar eliminated.
ascent, etc. b. State effects of
communication
breakdown.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0: Know how to communicate effectively with others in the organisation.
3.1 Identify the purpose of Explain the purpose of State the purpose of Evaluate
communication in an interpersonal interpersonal students
organisation. communication in an communication in an work.
organisation. organisation.
3.2 Enumerate the means of Explore the means of Operate some Provide Competent
communication. communication. communication some Handsets
gadgets. Send an e- communicati Facsimiles
mail text message, on gadgets Radio etc.
etc. and guide in
their
operation.
3.3 List advantages and Explain advantages and Discuss advantages Guide
disadvantages of disadvantages of and disadvantages students
communication. communication. of communication. discussion.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 4:0: Know how to write effective business letters, memo, reports and proposals.
4.1 List the uses of Explain the use of
paragraphing in written paragraphing in written
communication. communication.

67
4.2 Differentiate between Explain the differences Model Write letters, Guide
letters, memos, etc. between letters, letter, memos, proposals, students in
memos, etc memos, and reports. writing letter,
and memos,
proposals. proposals
and reports.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES 5:0: Understand interpersonal and inter-group relationship.

Pictures
5.1 Define interpersonal and Explain interpersonal Video
inter-group communication. and inter-group
communication.

5.2 List formal and informal man Explain formal and Determine when to Assess
of interaction. informal mean of use memos, notes, students
interaction. letters, phone calls, choice of
etc. means.
5.3 List the effects of too little or Explain the effects of Discuss the effects Guide
too much memos. too little or too much of too little or too students
memos. much memo. discussion
and give
corrections.
General Objective 6.0: Know how to make introductory public speeches.
6.1 Identify the point to be Explain public speaking

68
 addressed. and explore the points
to be addressed.
6.2 List the skills to be Explain the skills to be Criticize the Provide film of Films
developed for a good public developed for a good provided films recorded speech
speech. public speech. Watched pointing for critical
out the skills analysis.
observed.
6.3 List the qualities of a good Explain the qualities of Guide in
public speech. a good public speech speech
emphasizing language writing and
style. deliver.

`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
% % % %
50 50

69
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 321 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 4.0 Units
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: ADVANCED FINANCIAL Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 25%
ACCOUNTING I
Semester: SECOND SEMESTER Practical: 3 hours/week - 75%

Goal: This course is designed to enable the student acquire a thorough understanding of Financial Accounting so as to be
able to:
prepare corporate annual reports,
analyse, interpret and prepare financial statements,
adequately understand International Accounting and financial accounting issues and
know the accounting application of the theories and laws of Bankruptcy, Trusteeship and
executorship.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, the students should be able to:-

1.0 Understand the meaning, objectives and content of corporate annual reports.
2.0 Know how to prepare financial statements of limited liability companies for publication.
3.0 Understand the analysis and interpretation of financial statements.
4.0 Understand accounting for multinational companies including inflation accounting.
5.0 Understand financial accounting issues such as social responsibility accounting and human resources accounting.
6.0 Know how to prepare bankruptcy.
7.0 Know how to prepare trustees account.
8.0 Know how to prepare executorship accounts.
9.0 Understand treatment of insurance claims.
10.0 Understand the accounting treatment of sinking fund and annuities.

70
 PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 321 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 4.0 Units
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: ADVANCED FINANCIAL Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 25%
ACCOUNTING I
Semester SECOND SEMESTER Practical: 3 hours/week - 75%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand the meaning, objectives and content of corporate annual reports.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1.1 Explain the meaning Explain fully the meaning, Overhead 1. Write out the Lead the class to CAMA
and objectives of components types and projector objectives of write out the
corporate annual contents of annual reports. Annual reports. objectives of SAS
reports. Annual report.
1.2 Identify the various 2. Prepare financial Spreadsheet
components of a statements for Assist the
standard “Annual publication in line students to draw Flipchart.
Report”. with CAMA, the format of
1.3 Differentiate between a SAS, etc.. financial
standard annual report statement for
and an abridged one. 3. Analyse the publication.
1.4 Identify items normally contents of any
included in the published Ask the students
Chairman’s statement. financial to prepare
1.5 Identify items normally statements. published

71
 included in directors’ accounts.
report.
1.6 Explain the importance Direct the
of the Report of the students to use
Auditors to the Annual the internet to
report. source any
1.7 Explain the importance published
of the Report of the accounts
Audit Committee to the
Annual Report.
General Objective 2: Know how to prepare financial statements of limited liability companies for publication.
2.1 Explain the contents of - Use examples to Overhead 1. Write out the Lead the class to CAMA
SAS 2, IAS 5 and illustrate the various projector objectives of write out the
CAMA. items treated. Annual reports. objectives of SAS
2.2 Explain the purposes of Worked Annual report.
publication of financial - Lead students to examples 2. Prepare financial Spreadsheet
statements. observe and explain statements for Assist the students
2.3 Explain the role of the various contents publication in line to draw the format Flipchart.
statute with regards to of SAS 2, IAS 5 with CAMA, of financial
disclosure of and CAMA. SAS, etc.. statement for
information in financial publication.
statements. 3. Analyse the
2.4 Outline the arguments contents of any Ask the students to
for and against more published prepare published
detailed disclosure. financial accounts.
2.5 Identify the items of statements.
information to be Direct the students
disclosed in the to use the internet
statement of Accounting to source any
Policies. published accounts
2.6 Identify the items of
information required to
be disclosed in the
Profit and Loss Account
or Income Statement.

72
2.7 Explain the manner in
which the items of
information required in
a Profit and Loss
Account or Income
Statements are to be
disclosed. - Illustrate the items
2.8 Explain the items of treated with
information to be various examples.
disclosed in the Balance
Sheet.
2.9 Explain manner in - Display graphically,
which the items of and explain the
information required in various formats.
a Balance Sheet are to
be disclosed.
2.10 Explain the items
of information
to be included in the Notes
to the Accounts and
how they are to be
presented.
2.11 Explain the
meaning of Cash Flow
Statement and its
purpose.
2.12 Identify the
various formats of the
Cash Flow
Statement.
2.13 Explain the
concept of value added.
2.14 Explain the
manner in which
the items in Value
Added Statement

73
 are to be
presented.
2.15 Explain the
usefulness of the five-
year financial
summary.
2.16 Identify the items
of information to be
included in the five-year
financial summary.
2.17 Prepare financial
statements for publication.

General Objective 3: Understand the analysis and interpretation of financial statements.

3.1 Explain the purpose and - Require each student Case Studies Ability to analyse in Students to CAMA
usefulness of analysis and to use corporate detail the published analyse and
interpretation of financial reports of his chosen accounts of compare the SAS
statements. Company for case organisations. accounts of the
3.2 Identify the various tools for the study material and companies Spreadsheet
analysis and interpretation of group them to detailed within
financial statements. discuss and present case studies. Flipchart.
3.3 Explain ratios used in measuring their case studies.
the following:-
- Profitability
- Short term solvency
- Long tern solvency
- Growth and stability
- Ownership.
3.4 Compute the following types of
ratios as required for 3.3 above:-
- Profitability ratios
- Liquidity ratios
- Investment ratios
- Turnover ratios

74
 - Leverage ratios.
3.5 Explain the usefulness and
limitations of ratios calculated in
3.4.
3.6 Illustrate the trend analysis and
comparative analysis that can be
deduced from ratio analysis.
3.7 Explain the manner in which
report writing, analysis and
interpretation of financial
statements is carried out.
3.8 Carry out report writing, analysis
and interpretation of financial
statements.
General Objective 4: Understand accounting for multinational companies including inflation accounting.
4.1 Identify characteristics - Explain clearly the Overhead 1. Write the Lead the students SAS
of multinational different activities projector characteristics of to prepare accounts
companies/organization which multinational Accounts of of multinational IAS
s. companies get Worked Multinational companies.
4.2 State the accounting involved in. examples Companies. Internet
implications for
multinational companies - Illustrate the proper 2. Prepare accounts Spreadsheet.
with head offices in application of of a few
specific parts of the inflation accounting multinational
world notably the U.K. to students. companies using
and the U.S.A. GAAP and IAS.
4.3 Explain the principles
for treating foreign
currency conversions
and translations.
4.4 Explain the factors
affecting rates of
exchange, rates
adjustments, cross rates
and arbitrage.

75
4.5 Compare fully, selected
generally accepted
accounting principles
(GAAP) of United
Kingdom, United States
of America,
International
Accounting Standards
and Statements of
Accounting Standards
as they relate to the
preparation and
interpretation of
financial statements.
4.6 Explain the application
of inflation accounting
to the financial
statements of
multinational
companies/organization
s.
General Objective 5: Understand financial accounting issues such as social responsibility accounting and human
resources accounting
5.1 Explain the meaning and the - Illustrate fully, the Overhead 1. State the effect of Lead the Spreadsheet.
extent of corporate social responsibility, projector social students to
social responsibility. accounting role and responsibility on illustrate Internet
5.2 Explain the manner in conflicts. accounting role graphically
which and related corporate social
Corporate social responsibility is conflicts. responsibility
reported reporting using
(i.e. corporate social reporting). the internet as a
5.3 Explain the meaning and resource base.
the extent of
environmental
responsibility.

76
5.4 Explain the manner in
which environmental
responsibility id
reported.
5.5 Explain the meaning of
human resource
accounting.
5.6 State the various
methods of determining
the value of human
assets.
5.7 Explain the inter-
relationship between
human resource
accounting and corporate
social responsibility.
General Objective 6: Know how to prepare bankruptcy.
6.1 Draw the format of statement of - Prepare cases and Overhead 1. Prepare Assist the students Acts
affairs and deficiency account guide the students to projector Bankruptcy, to prepare
showing relevant items. discuss solutions in Trustees and Bankruptcy, Internet
6.2 Define the following: groups. Case studies Executorship Trustees and
- secured and unsecured Accounts. Executorship Spreadsheet.
creditors. accounts.
- Creditors ranking as
preferential and deferred.
- Deficiency
- Surplus
- Security
6.3 Explain the accounting
implication of each of the terms
defined in 6.2.
6.4 Solve questions on bankruptcy
accounts to illustrate the
application of bankruptcy law.

77
General Objective 7: Know how to prepare trustees account.
7.1 Describe the nature of - Prepare a case study Overhead 1. Prepare Assist the students Act
trustee’s cashbook. for students projector Bankruptcy, to prepare
7.2 Explain how trustee’s deliberation and Trustees and Bankruptcy, Internet
remuneration is solution. Case studies Executorship Trustees and
calculated. Accounts. Executorship Spreadsheet.
7.3 Calculate trustee’s accounts.
remuneration.
7.4 Explain how trustee’s
receipt and payments
account is prepared.
7.5 Solve problems relating
to the preparation of
trustee’s receipt and
payment account.

General Objective 8: Know how to prepare executorship accounts.

8.1 Define the following terms - Prepare case for Overhead 1. Prepare Assist the students to Act
relating to executorship:- discussions and projector Bankruptcy, prepare Bankruptcy,
- executor solutions. Trustees and Trustees and Internet
- administrator Case studies Executorship Executorship
- personal representative Accounts. accounts. Spreadsheet.
- will-testate
- intestate
- executrix
- beneficiaries.
8.2 Identify the different executorship
accounts required to be prepared.
8.3 Prepare the various executorship
accounts as identified in 8.2.
8.4 State the duties of personal
representatives in relation to
executorship account.

78
General Objective 9: Understand treatment of insurance claims.
9.1 Explain the nature and - Give examples and Overhead 1. Complete Ask the students Spreadsheet
purpose of insurance illustrate the different projector Insurance claims to compute
claims. claims with for losses. Insurance Insurance Act
9.2 Identify the different computations. Case studies claims for
types of insurance losses. Flipchart.
claims.
9.3 Compute insurance
claims in respect of loss
of stock destroyed by
fire.
9.4 Compute insurance
claims in respect of loss
of profits, including
consequential losses
arising from fire or
kindred perils.
General Objective 10: Understand the accounting treatment of sinking fund and annuities.
10.1 Define sinking fund. Overhead 1. Compute sinking Lead the Flipcharts.
10.2 Identify the different purposes - Work examples. projector fund for few students to
for which a sinking fund may be different compute sinking Spreadsheet.
created: - Illustrate the Case studies purposes. fund.
- To redeem a liability accounting treatment Transpa-
- To replace a wasting of annuities and Charts 2. Make accounting Direct the rancies..
asset. sinking fund. entries of students to
annuities. make a few
10.3 Illustrate the accounting accounting
treatment of each type of sinking - Assign entries for
fund as identified in 10.2. problems/codes to Annuity.
10.4 Differentiate between the two students and
types of sinking fund as graphically display
identified in 10.2. solutions.
10.5 Define an annuity.
10.6 Explain national interest.

79
10.7 Identify the purposes for which
an annuity may be treated.
10.8 Make accounting entries of
annuities.
`
`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
25% % 25% 50%

80
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 322 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 4.0 Units
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: ADVANCED COST Pre-requisite: ACC 312 Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
ACCOUNTING II
Semester: SECOND SEMESTER Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Goal: To give special attention to the concepts, theories and applications of Cost Accounting so as to enhance the student’s
ability to develop, use and interpret cost accounting data.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand absorption costing.

2.0 Know marginal costing.
3.0 Understand the concept of standard costing.
4.0 Know Budget procedures and Budgetary Control.
5.0 Understand the use of computers in Cost Accounting.
6.0 Know current trends and developments in Cost Accounting.

81
 PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 322 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 4.0 Units
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: ADVANCED COST Pre-requisite: ACC 312 Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
ACCOUNTING II
Semester SECOND SEMESTER Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand absorption costing.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1.1 Define absorption - Illustrate, with Overhead 1. Calculate product Guide student in Spreadsheet
costing. examples the projector cost using allocation and
1.2 Allocate and apportion preparation of absorption absorption of Overhead
overheads. income statement Worked costing. overhead costs. Projector and
1.3 Prepare Income using absorption examples Transparency.
Statement under costing. 2. Prepare income Assist the
absorption costing. statement under students to
1.4 Explain Activity Based absorption prepare Income
Costing (ABC) costing. Statement under
absorption
costing.
General Objective 2: Know marginal costing.
2.1 Define marginal costing. - Demonstrate the Overhead 1. Separate semi Assist students Spreadsheets.
2.2 Separate fixed and variable costs separation of projector variable cost into in separation of
from semi variable overheads. semivariable cost its fixed and semi variable Overhead
2.3 Explain the concepts of using High-Low Case studies variable costs and Projector.
contribution and relevant costs. Method, scatter graph components cost/volume/pro

82
2.4 Describe breakeven analysis. and regression Graphs mathematically fit analysis Transparency
2.5 Calculate breakeven point analysis. and graphically. using graphs
graphically and mathematically. and Graphs
2.6 Compute margin of safety. - Explain breakeven 2. Calculate mathematical
2.7 Explain Profit/Volume point, breakeven point, models. Charts.
relationship with graphs. Profit/Volume contribution
2.8 Calculate Profit/Volume ratio. analysis and margin margin of safety Guide students
2.9 Explain the effect of limiting of safety. and profit/volume in preparing
factors on marginal costing. ratio. marginal cost
2.10 State the uses of marginal - Illustrate with statements for
costing for examples marginal 3. Use marginal decision
managerial decisions. cost costing to make making.
2.11 Explain the limitations of Income Statement, managerial
marginal costing. use of marginal decisions such as
2.12 Prepare Income Statement under cost in decision joint cost
marginal making. allocation and
costing. product
2.13 Reconcile profit under - Compare absorption profitability.
absorption costing and costing with
marginal costing. marginal costing and 4. Prepare Income
reconcile the statement under
profits under the two marginal costing.
techniques.

General Objective 3: Understand the concept of standard costing.

3.1 Define standard costing. - Define standard Overhead 1. Identify the Lead students to Overhead
3.2 Identify the different costing and state how projector different types of set standards for Projector.
types of standard. standards are set. standards. various units of
3.3 Explain how standards Case studies production. Transparency.
are set. - Calculate variances 2. Set standards for Spreadsheet.
3.4 Determine standard and explain their uses. Worked each element of Direct students
costs and state the uses. examples product cost and in the
3.5 Calculate variances for services. calculation of
material, labour, variances for
variable and fixed 3. Analyse and use materials labour

83
 overheads. variances. and overhead.
3.6 Explain the uses and
analysis of variances.
General Objective 4: Know Budget procedures and Budgetary Control.
4.1 Define budgets. - Explain budgetary Overhead 1. Outline principal Lead students in Overhead
4.2 Explain types of systems. projector budget factor. preparation of Projector.
budgets. budgets with
4.3 State the functions of a - Demonstrate the 2. Prepare various examples. Transparency.
Budget Committee. preparation of Worked types of budget. Budgetary
4.4 Identify principal budgets, illustrate examples Assist students Software
budget factors. with examples. 3. Show how in preparing Packages.
4.5 State the components of budgets can be simple
a master budget. used in performance
4.6 Prepare a budget. controlling the evaluation
4.7 Define budgetary activities of an reports.
control. organization with
4.8 Explain the objectives few examples.
of budgeting control
system.
4.9 State the advantages of
a budgetary control
system.
General Objective 5: Understand the use of computers in Cost Accounting.
5.1 State why computers are - Demonstrate the use Overhead 1. Use computer Organise Internet
useful for cost of Computers with projector software students into Services.
accounting. some cost accounting packages in groups and
5.2 Identify the packages and the use Computer solving cost give practical Computer
applications that the of spreadsheets. packages accounting problems to be spreadsheet
Computer problems. solved using and other
should be used for Worked available applications
5.3 Apply cost accounting examples software
software packages. packages.
5.4 Describe Decision
Support Systems
(DSS).

84
General Objective 6: Know current trends and developments in Cost Accounting.
6.1 Describe backflush - Explain the current Overhead 1. Relate current Discuss current Internet
accounting. developments and projector trends in cost trends and Services.
6.2 Define target costing. their uses in cost accounting to developments in
6.3 Describe Advanced accounting. Case studies solving cost cost accounting Current
Manufacturing accounting and their uses Accounting
Technique (AMT). Worked problems. with students. Journals.
6.4 List the problems of examples
standard costing in Guide students
AMT factories. to apply the
current trends to
solve cost
accounting
problems.
`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
30% % 30% 40%

85
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 324 Credit Hours: 45 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 3.0 Units.
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: ADVANCED TAXATION I Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 33%
Semester: SECOND SEMESTER Practical: 2 hours/week - 67%

Goal: This course is designed to enable the student understand the general concepts of taxation, the working environment
of tax system and the general application of tax laws.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand company’s income tax system.

2.0 Understand the basis of assessing company’s income.
3.0 Understand the provision of withholding tax deduction.
4.0 Understand the relief for losses provision.
5.0 Understand the provision of capital allowance.
6.0 Know the capital allowance provision on disposal and hire purchase items.
7.0 Understand Education tax provision.
8.0 Understand company income tax assessment.
9.0 Understand the provision and taxation of company Income Tax Act relating to specialized companies.
10.0 Know the provision of stamp duties.
11.0 Understand the provision of Income Tax Act relating to merger and acquisition/takeover.
12..0 Understand the procedure for payment of taxes.

86
 PROGRAMME: HIGHER NATIONAL Code: ACC 324 Credit Hours: 45 hours
DIPLOMA IN 3.0 Units
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: ADVANCED TAXATION I Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 33%
Semester SECOND SEMESTER Practical: 2 hours/week - 67%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand company’s income tax system.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1.1 Describe the - Distinguish between Overhead 1. Describe the Ask the students CITA
administrative States Board of projector administrative to list the
machinery of company Internal Revenue and machinery of composition of BIR Circulars.
income tax system. FBIR and the company Income Board of
1.2 State the composition, Join Tax Board. Tax, Composition, Internal Internet
function and powers of - Explain to students powers and Revenue.
the Board of Inland the composition, functions of
Revenue. function, powers and Federal Board of
1.3 Distinguish between limitation of Internal Revenue.
chargeable income and Federal Board of
income exempted from Internal Revenue
tax. and Joint Tax Board.
1.4 Explain the composition - State the company’s
of joint tax board and its income
functions. chargeable and
exempted from tax.
- Assign field projects
to students.
General Objective 2: Understand the basis of assessing company’s income.
2.1 Define the basis period - Illustrate the basis for Overhead 1. Outline the basis Guide the

87
 of assessment. assessing projector of assessing students on how CITA
2.2 Explain commencement company’s income company’s to compute
provision. taking into income for tax assessable profit Spreadsheets
2.3 Distinguish between the account the option purposes under on commence-
proceeding year and the available to the tax commencement, ment, cessation,
actual year of payers. cessation and penultimate and
assessment. - Describe how change of change of
2.4 Explain change of company’s income is accounting date accounting date
accounting date. assessed on change of rule. rules.
2.5 Explain cessation accounting
provisions. date, penultimate and
cessation.
General Objective 3: Understand the provision of withholding tax deduction.
3.1 Explain withholding tax - Explain the Overhead 1. Identify payments Lead the
on rent, interest and differences between projector table to students to
dividend. rent, interest and withholding tax compute
3.2 Compute withholding dividend. and information withholding tax CITA
tax on rent, interest, - Illustrate how required on on rent, royalty,
dividend etc. withholding taxes are remittance. contract of FIRS Circulars.
3.3 Explain Frank computed and explain supply, interest,
Investment Income. the procedure 2. Illustrate by way dividends etc. Spreadsheets
3.4 State the rate on of remitting the tax so of computation
withholding tax and deducted to the withholding tax Ask the students
what information must relevant tax on Rent, interest, to describe
accompany the authority. Royalty, dividend procedures and
deduction. - Explain the problems etc. method of filing
and prospects of returns on
withholding tax withholding tax
system. deducted.

Ask the students

to prepare the
schedule of
information
required to

88
 accompany
withholding tax
remittance.
General Objective 4: Understand the relief for losses provision.
4.1 Define business losses. - Demonstrate how Overhead 1. Calculate Guide the
4.2 Explain current year current year loss projector company’s loss students to
loss relief and carry relief and carry relief. compute loss CITA
forward loss relief. forward loss relief are relief.
4.3 Explain loss on computed including 2. Illustrate by way Spreadsheets
commencement and restrictions. of computation State the
cessation. - Explain in detail the withholding tax procedure for
laws relating to on rent, Interest, treating such
loss on Royalty, reliefs under
commencement and dividends etc. commencement
cessation. and cessation.

General Objective 5: Understand the provision of capital allowance.

5.1 Define capital allowance. - Define Capital Overhead 1. Calculate capital Ask the students
5.2 Explain qualifying Allowance and list projector allowances. to list the
expenditure. the approved approved
5.3 Explain conditions for qualifying Tests 2. Compute capital qualifying CITA
granting Capital expenditures. allowances on expenditures
Allowances. - Demonstrate how Worked transfer, merger with rates for Spreadsheets
5.4 Explain capital Capital allowances examples and acquisition, both initial and
allowance on transfer, are computed with hire purchase and annual
merger and acquisition. applicable rates. lease. allowances.
5.5 Explain types of Capital - Conduct tests and
Allowance. assignment. 3. State the Guide the class
5.6 Explain computation of conditions for on how to
initial, annual Balancing claiming capital compute capital,
and Investment allowances. allowances on
Allowance. qualifying assets
for both
cessation and
temporary

89
 disuse of an
asset.

General Objective 6: Know the capital allowance provision on disposal and hire purchase items.
6.1 Explain computation of capital - Solve problems on Overhead 1. Calculate capital Ask the students
allowance on hire purchase projector allowances. to list the
hire purchase items. showing impact of approved
6.2 State the restrictions on interest on the hire Worked 2. Compute capital qualifying
claim of capital allowance. purchase price. examples allowances on expenditures with
6.3 Explain disposal of assets. - Explain the transfer, merger rates for both CITA
6.4 Explain balancing charge complications and acquisition, initial and annual
and allowance. involved in hire purchase and allowances. Spreadsheets
6.5 Explain capital allowance computing capital lease.
on asset put to use and not allowance e.g. Guide the class on
in use. overlapping and gap 3. State the how to compute
in the period of conditions for capital,
acquisition and asset claiming capital allowances on
acquired during allowances. qualifying assets
accounting period. for both cessation
- Demonstrate how and temporary
capital allowances disuse of an asset.
are computed on
proposal and impact
of balancing
allowance and charge
on assessable income.

General Objective 7: Understand Education tax provision.

7.1 Explain the procedures - Give discussion Overhead 1. Outline the legal Ask the students
and administration of topics on the impact projector provisions to form ETA
education tax in of education tax on relating to discussion
Nigeria. the social Discussion administration of groups and FIRS Circulars.
7.2 Explain the relationship responsibility of topics Education tax. present a report
between education tax, government. on utilization
companies income tax - Demonstrate how 2. Compute the and impact of
and petroleum profit education tax is Education tax on Education tax
tax. computed and explain the assessable on the structural

90
7.3 Explain the the appeal profit of a development of
determination, procedures by the Company. the education
assessment and aggrieve tax payer. sector in
collection on education Nigeria.
tax.
7.4 Explain computation of Lead the class to
education tax. discuss the
7.5 Explain the appeal administration
procedures. of Education tax
system in
Nigeria.

General Objective 8: Understand company income tax assessment

8.1 Define the term - List deductions and Overhead 1. Compute Draw the format
deductions. deductions projector Company’s for computing
8.2 Explain deductions allowed and assessable companies.
allowed and disallowed. disallowable. Worked income tax. assessable CITA
8.3 Explain the minimum - Demonstrate the examples income.
tax provision. computation of 2. State the Spreadsheets
8.4 Define total and assessable and total minimum tax Lead the
assessable income. profit. provisions. students to
compute
companies
assessable
profit.

Ask the students

to state
companies
exempted from
minimum tax
and compute
minimum tax
liability.

91
General Objective 9: Understand the provision and taxation of company Income Tax Act relating to specialized
companies.
9.1 Define Nigerian and non-Nigerian - Show how doing Overhead 1. State the Ask the students Law report on
companies. business in Nigeria projector procedure for to compute decided cases.
9.2 Distinguish between differs with doing assessing the income tax
doing business in business with following liability of CITA
Nigeria and with Nigeria. companies income different
Nigeria. - Compute and to tax in Nigeria. specialized Spreadsheets
9.3 Calculate income demonstrate i) Foreign companies.
derived from and income derived from Companies.
accruing to foreign Nigeria and ii) Insurance Lead the class to
companies in Nigeria. accruing to foreign iii) Airline cite and discuss
9.4 Define specialized companies in iv) Shipping relevant decided
companies. Nigeria. v) Banks. cases relating to
9.5 Explain the - Expose students to penalties and
determination of companies by enforcement of
assessable profit of: excursions. tax provisions
(a) Insurance companies - Distinguish different on specialized
(b) Airline and shipping type of companies.
companies. specialized
9.6 Explain the tax companies.
assessment and - Illustrate how specialized
collection of the companies
specialized companies. are assessed for tax.
9.7 Explain the penalties - Cite relevant cases relating
and tax enforcement. to
penalties and tax
enforcement.

92
` General Objective 10: Know the provision of stamp duties.
10.1 Define stamp duties. - Explain in detail the Overhead 1. Outline the Ask the students Government
10.2 Explain transactions meaning of stamp projector transactions liable to list publications
liable to stamp duties. duties and to stamp duties in transactions
10.3 Explain the basis of transactions liable to Nigeria. liable to stamp
assessment, stamp duties. duties in
administration and - Explain the Nigeria.
collection of stamp administration,
duties in Nigeria. collection,
10.4 Explain adjudication and assessment of
and adjudication stamp duties.
stamp and its - Enumerate
limitations. adjudication and its
10.5 Explain penalties for limitations.
late stamping.
General Objective 11: Understand the provision of Income Tax Act relating to merger and acquisition/takeover.
11.1 Define merger and acquisition. - Highlight the Overhead 1. State the Ask the students Student lecture
11.2 Explain taxation of difference between, projector treatment of to state the tax notes
non-resident merger and companies treatment of
companies. acquisition and merger, merger,
11.3 Explain the taxation of demonstrate how acquisition, take acquisition,
mergers and non-resident over and takeover and re-
acquisition/takeover. companies are re-construction. construction.
11.4 Explain the appeal assessed in Nigeria.
procedures and - Explain to students
penalties relevant to the penalties on
the above. breach of any of the
provision of the
Act and appeal
procedures.

93
General Objective 12: Understand the procedure for payment of taxes.
12.1 State the rate of companies - Explain the methods Overhead 1. Describe the Lead the Law report on
Income tax. and procedures projector procedure for students to decided cases.
12.2 Explain methods of of payment of tax. payments of tax compute total
payment of taxes. - Describe the by stating the profit of a Journals.
12.3 Explain redress computation of methods, rate, company citing
available to the assessable and total objection and relevance cases Spreadsheets
aggrieved tax payer profit. appeal of objection and
via objection and - Explain the appeal procedures. appeal.
appeal. procedures via
objection of
assessment.
`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
25% % 25% 50%

94
PROGRAMME: Code:ACC 326 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 4.0 Units.
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: PUBLIC SECTOR Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
ACCOUNTING I
Semester: 2 Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Goal: To give special attention to fund accounting principles, its legal basis and the specialized accounting concepts
applicable in public sector financial management so as to enhance the student’s ability to develop, use, prepare
statements and apply financial information data generated in government and government organizations.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES::

On completion of this course the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand the scope, objectives and Legal basis of Public Sector Accounting.
2.0 Understand the Public Sector Accounting basis.
3.0 Understand major professional pronouncements on, Public Sector Accounting system.
4.0 Understand the financial responsibilities, power and duties of government officers.
5.0 Understand the sources and control of government funds and fund accounting system.
6.0 Understand the nature and control of public expenditure.
7.0 Understand Budget and Budgeting Control in the Public Sector.

95
 PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 326 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 4.0 Units.
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: PUBLIC SECTOR Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week – 50%
ACCOUNTING I
Semester SECOND SEMESTER Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand the scope, objectives and Legal basis of Public Sector Accounting.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1.1 Define the Public Sector. - Outline various Overhead 1. State the Assist the Constitution.
1.2 State the scope of Public Sector organizations under projector objectives of students to list
Accounting. public sector. public sector the objectives of Financial
1.3 Identify the objectives of public - Explain the scope and Graphs accounting. public sector Regulations.
sector accounting system. objectives of accounting.
1.4 State the parties interested in public sector 2. Identify the legal Circulars.
public sector accounting accounting. basis of public Illustrate
information. - Enumerate, sector accounting. graphically
1.5 Distinguish between public and graphically, the users users of public
private sector accounting system. of public sector 3. State the sector
1.6 Explain the legal basis of public accounting difference accounting
sector accounting. information. between cash and information.
- Enumerate the legal accrual basis of
basis of public accountancy. Guide the
sector accounting. students to
enumerate the
legal basis of
public sector

96
 accounting.
General Objective 2: Understand the Public Sector Accounting basis.
2.1 Explain Cash Basis of accounting. - Explain and Overhead Understanding of the Assist the Constitution.
2.2 Explain Accrual Basis. Demonstrate the projector nature and principles of students to list
2.3 Distinguish between accrual and various bases of public sector accounting. the objectives of Financial
cash basis. public sector Understanding of the public sector Regulations.
2.4 Explain Commitment Basis. accounting, differences and relative accounting.
2.5 Explain the difference between merits of cash and Circulars.
cash, accrual and commitment - Enumerate their accruals accounting Illustrate
basis of accounting. weaknesses and graphically
2.6 Identify their strength and strength. users of public
weaknesses. sector
2.7 Define Budget and Budgetary accounting
Basis. information.
2.8 Explain Fund Basis.
Guide the
students to
enumerate the
legal basis of
public sector
accounting.
General Objective 3: Understand major professional pronouncements on, Public Sector Accounting system.
3.1 Identify and explain professional - Enumerate the Overhead 1. Write various Lead the students Professional
pronouncement on Public Sector various professional projector professional to list the effect of Journals.
Accounting e.g. pronouncements e.g. pronouncements professional
- The United Nations. e.g. IFAC, pronouncements on Publications.
- The International • The United CIPFA. public sector
Consortium on Nations. accounting in Word processor
Government Financial • The International 2. Identify the effect Nigeria.
Management. Consortium on of professional
- Chartered Institute of Government pronouncements
Public Finance and Financial on public sector
Accountancy (CIPFA). Management. accounting in
- The American National • Chartered Institute Nigeria.
Committee on of Public

97
 Government Accounting. Finance and
- The International Accountancy
Federation of (CIPFA).
Accountants (IFAC). • The American
3.2 Explain the effects of such National
pronouncements on Committee on
government accounting Government
system in Nigeria. Accounting.
• The International
Federation of
Accountants
(IFAC).
- Give examples of the
effect of such
pronouncements on
government
accounting system in
Nigeria.
General Objective 4: Understand the financial responsibilities, power and duties of government officers.
4.1 Explain the responsibilities, - Enumerate the Overhead 1. Outline the Ask students to Financial
powers and duties of the powers and functions projector process, duties relate the regulations.
following: of the various officers and functions of the
(a) Commissioner/Minister involved in responsibilities Accountant Financial
of Finance. financial activities of of various General with Instruction.
(b) Accountant-General. the government. officers involved Auditor-
(c) Auditor- General. in financial General. Internet
(d) Accounting Officer. activities of
(e) Sub-Accounting Officer. Federal, State and
(f) Federal Pay Officer. Local
(g) Treasury Cash Officer. Government.
(h) Revenue Collector.
(i) Imprest Holders.
(j) Officer Controlling
Expenditure
(Vote Controller).

98
4.2 Explain the working relationship
between the Accountant-
General and the
Auditor-General.

General Objective 5: Understand the sources and control of government funds and fund accounting system.
5.1 Define Federation Account. - Show with the aid of Overhead 1. Outline the Guide the Constitution.
5.2 Identify the sources of Revenue diagram the projector composition, students to
into the Federation Account. sources of revenue functions and illustrate Financial
5.3 Explain the Revenue sharing into Federation Diagrams powers of the graphically Regulations.
formula. Account and Sharing following sources of
5.4 Explain the composition, of such revenue committees: revenue into Circulars.
functions and power of the among the Federal, Federaltion
following: State and Local i. Revenue Account Word processor
(a) Revenue Mobilization Governments. Mobilization showing how
Allocation and Fiscal - Enumerate the Allocation and revenue is being
Commission. composition and Fiscal shared among
(b) Federation Accounts functions of the Commission. the Federal,
Allocation Committee. committees that are State and Local
(c) Joint Accounts Allocation responsible for ii. Federation Government.
Committee. revenue mobilization Accounts
5.5 Explain Fund Accounting. and allocation.. Allocation
5.6 Explain the following: - Explain the various Committee
(a) Consolidated Revenue Fund. sources of revenue to
(b) Development Fund. different levels of iii) Joint Accounts
(c) Contingency Fund. government and Allocation
(d) Personal Advances Fund. control measures put Committee.
(e) Special and Fiduciary Fund
(f) Trust Fund in place. 2. Enumerate the
(g) Treasury Clearance Fund constitutional
(h) Education Tax Fund etc. provisions
5.7 State the Sources of Revenue and relating to various
Charges into the funds funds.
enumerated in 5.6.
5.8 Explain the related constitutional

99
 provisions for the various funds.
5.9 Explain sources of revenue of the
local governments.
5.10 Explain the nature and control of
Government revenues.
General Objective 6: Understand the nature and control of public expenditure.
6.1 Explain the meaning of public - Show classification Overhead 1. Outline the Guide the students Financial
expenditure. and give examples projector procedure of to enumerate the Regulations.
6.2 Distinguish between the different of Recurrent and controlling and constitutional
types of public expenditure. Capital Expenditure. Financial authorizing provisions and Circulars.
(a) Recurrent - Enumerate the regulations government Financial
(b) Capital constitutional expenditure. Regulations on Word processor
6.3 Explain Authorisation and control provision and Authorisation and
of government expenditure Financial Regulations 2. State different control of
through:- on Authorisation and types of public government
(a) The Executive. Control of expenditure. expenditure.
(b) The Legislature. government
(c) The Minister for Budget & expenditure.
Planning.
(d) The Treasury
(e) Departmental Controls.
(f) The Auditor-General.
(g) Public Accounts Committee
and Public Accounts.
(h) Implementation Tribunal
warrant.
General Objective 7: Understand Budget and Budgeting Control in the Public Sector.
7.1 Define Budget. - Prepare different Overhead 1. Write on the Using computer Constitution.
7.2 Explain different types of budget. types of budgets. projector objectives of spreadsheets:
7.3 Explain the objectives of a budget - Recurrent Revenue budget in the Financial
in the Public Sector and Expenditure. Worked public sector. Ask the students to Regulation.
7.4 State the qualities and advantages - Capital Receipts and examples prepare various
of a useful budget. Expenditure. 2. Prepare different budget.s Financial
7.5 State the constitutional provisions - Personnel Cost types of budget Memo-randum.
on the budget of the Federal Budget. e.g. cash budget, Ask the students to

100
 Government of Nigeria. - Cash Budget. personnel cost calculate budget
7.6 Explain budgetary procedure at budget and variances.
different levels of government. - Demonstrate variance revenue.
7.7 Identify the composition of analysis.
Revenue and Expenditure Budget
for Recurrent and Capital items.
7.8 Prepare Budgets and Cash Budget
including Personnel Cost Budget.
7.9 Analyse Budget variances.
`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
30% % 30% 40%

101
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 327 Credit Hours: 30 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: MANAGEMENT Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 50%
INFORMATION SYSTEM II
Semester: 2 Practical: 1 hours/week - 50%

Goal: This course is designed to acquaint the student with further application and use of computers in industry and
commerce and with further developments in information system.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand Information System.

2.0 Understand Transaction Processing System (TPS)
3.0 Understand Management Information System.
4.0 Understand Decision Tables.
5.0 Understand Project Planning and Scheduling.

PROGRAMME: HIGHER NATIONAL Code: ACC 327 Credit Hours: 30 hours

DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: MANAGEMENT Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week -
INFORMATION 50%
SYSTEM II
Semester Practical: 1 hours/week - 50%

102
Theoretical Content Practical Content
General Objective 1: Understand Information System.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1.1 Define information system. - Explain and Overhead Detailed understanding No activity
1.2 Explain information system. demonstrate with projector of the nature of
1.3 Identify types of information practical reports. information flows in
system. organisations
1.4 Explain computer information
system.
General Objective 2: Understand Transaction Processing System (TPS)
2.1 Differentiate between Data and - Explain and demonstrate Overhead Understanding of the Researched Internet
Information. with devices. projector methods and merits of report on the
2.2 Explain data capture and input different data capture and methods of data Word processor
device. Examples processing methods capture used in
2.3 Explain controls in data industry and
processing. retail
General Objective 3: Understand Management Information System.
3.1 Define management information - Explain and Overhead Detailed understanding Direct students Word processor
system. demonstrate with projector of the requirements of a to list the key
3.2 Explain the structure of decision flow charts and PC. modern MIS components of a
making in organizations e.g. Flow charts retail MIS and
structured, semi-structured etc. - Demonstrate with draw the
3.3 Explain information flow. organisation’s reports Computer processes in the
3.4 Identify relationship between MIS and POC. application form of a
and TPS. flowchart
3.5 Present information.
3.6 Design view of information
system.

103
3.7 Report information system.
General Objective 4: Understand Decision Tables.
4.1 Explain Result table. - Explain and Overhead Understanding of the No activity
4.2 Explain Quadrant table. demonstrate tables projector nature and uses of
and PC. decision tables
Tables
General Objective 5: Understand Project Planning and Scheduling.
5.1 Explain the techniques for - Explain and Overhead A thorough Direct the Internet
project planning and demonstrate with projector understanding of the students to
scheduling. charts carryout major tools and computer research
5.2 Explain CPM and PERT. visitation to Charts packages available for computer
Solve case studies. construction site. project planning project planning
software

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
50% % 50% %

104
 PROGRAMME: Code: BFN 413 Credit Hours: 45 hours
NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: Business Research Methods Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 67%
Semester: 2 Practical: 1 hours/week - 33%

Goal: To enable the student gain an indepth understanding of the theoretical and practical framework of research.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, the student should be able to:

1.0 Know the format/style of an acceptable research.

2.0 Understand the nature and function of research.
3.0 Know the historical and case study approaches to research.
4.0 Understand the general characteristics of the descriptive approaches to research.
5.0 Know the experimental approaches to research.
6.0 Know sources of information.

105
 PROGRAMME: HIGHER NATIONAL Code: BFN 413 Credit Hours: 45 hours
DIPLOMA IN ACCOUNTANCY
Course: Business Research Methods Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 67%
Semester: 2 Practical: 1 hours/week - 33%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Know the format/style of an acceptable research.
Week
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1-2 1.1 Define research. 1. Lead the student to Publications

1.2 Describe the format of an understand the and Data Define research and Lead the Textbooks
acceptable research work. significance of research. collection describe the format of an students to
1.3 Prepare a working reference materials. acceptable research work produce Journals
bibliography. research
1.4 Explain the outline of a research Explain the outline for a format and Internet
paper. research paper bibliography
1.5 Describe the methods of data Computers
collection. Describe the methods of
data collection and Video clips
prepare a working
reference bibliography

106
 General Objective: 2.0: Understand the nature and functions of research.
3-4 2.1 Explain the value of research. 1. Lead the student to Copies of Explain the evolution Assign the
2.2 Describe the scientific approaches understand the research and value of research students in Computers
to research. need for research. publications and its application to groups to
2.3 Explain the application of research 2. Instruct the student to and their knowledge different Calculators
to knowledge. explain what is recommendati research
2.4 Explain the evolution of research. called historical records. ons. Explain the various projects Sample
2.5 Describe research in the scientific approaches to research works
behavioural sciences. research in the Let them and results
behavioural science produce and
design such
Examine the role and projects for
benefits of research to class discussion
knowledge

107
 General Objective: 3.0: Know the historical and case study approaches to research.
4-7 3.1 State the characteristics of historical 1. Lead the student to Overhead
research. identify sources projector Explain the Lead the Textbooks
3.2 Explain the procedures of historical of research data. characteristics of students to
research. historical research and write research Computers
3.1 Identify the advantages and case study reports based
limitations of historical approach on the Journals
to research. Identify the advantages historical
3.2 Explain the traditional case study and limitations of approach and Internet
approach. historical research and the case study
3.3 Identify the specific steps in both case study
approaches.
3.4 State the advantages and Appraise the steps in
disadvantages of the traditional both approaches
case study approach.

108
 General Objective: 4.0: Know sources of research information.
8-9 4.1 State the basic types of research 1. Identify the source of Various Explain the types of Lead the
materials. information on publications research materials students to visit Government
4.2 Explain the sources providing the general by CBN, places where publications
overview information. performance of banks. NDIC, SEC Examine the sources of information
4.3 List sources of original research. 2. Give examples of etc. information are collected CBN
4.4 Identify sources of special sources of and group publications
information. publications of List sources of original them into the
4.5 State sources of government financial reports. information various sources Journals
publications. 3. Identify other
information sources, Identify sources of Financial
CBN publications, special information reports
NDIC,
Annual Report of Banks, Itemise sources of Textbooks
NDIC government
publication and other information
financial
publications.

General Objective: 5.0: Know the nature and functions of statistics in research.
9 - 10 5.1 Define statistics. 1. Lead the student to Frequency Explain statistics as a Brief students
5.2 State the need for statistical appreciate the distribution discipline and its on methods of Statistical

109
 analysis. relevance of applied chart. relevance in research data collection tables
5.3 Describe set of observations. statistics.
5.4 Explain the nature of data. 2. Instruct the student to Statistical Explain statistical Group the Computers and
5.2 Explain uses of frequency mention any Tables etc. terms, observations, students and charts
distribution in research topic and its data frequency, assign them to
research. related distribution, measures collect data
5.3 Explain measures of location hypothesis. of location, variability and analyse
and measures of and association
variability in research. Present results
5.4 Explain measures of association. Explain the relevance to class for
5.5 Explain the necessity for testing of testing hypotheses discussion
hypotheses. and outline the steps in
5.6 Outline the general steps in solving statistical
statistical problem solving. problems and areas of
5.7 State possible errors of possible errors in
statistical statistical decisions
decisions.

General Objective: 6.0: Know the basic tools used in data collection.
13 - 15 6.1 Explain planning problems and 1. Instruct the student to Explain the planning Lead the
problems in mention the problems in obtaining students to Textbooks
obtaining accurate and useful data. source of stock Graphic accurate and useful write a short

110
6.2 Identify sources basic tools exchange quotations Charts and data research report Samples of
(Questionnaire, Interviews, and price of shares. Tables. applying all the research report
observations) and techniques for 2. Demonstrate on the Identify sources of necessary
data collection. board how to basic tools and procedure Internet
6.3 Describe other techniques – prepare table of techniques for data
structure analysis, projective contents. collection Computers
techniques etc. 3. Demonstrate to the
6.4 Explain how to handle and display, student how to Describe other
quotations, footnotes, references, write reports, techniques of data
bibliography, list of tables, figures seminar papers and collection
etc. projects.
6.5 Write a short paper giving the 4. Instruct the student to Explain the methods of
structure of a seminar papers, write short handling and
reports etc. seminar papers etc. documenting quotation
5. Instruct the student to references bibliography
write few
chapters of a prototype Write a short term
research/project. paper

`
`
`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio) %
50% % 50%

111
PROGRAMME: HND ACCOUNTANCY Credit Hours: 30 hours
Code: BAM 413
Course: ENTREPRENEURSHIP Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 50%
DEVELOPMENT
Practical: 1 hours/week - 50%
Semester: 2

Course main Aim/Goal

This course is intended to create awareness in a student and motivate him towards self-employment through the development of personal skills, competencies
effectiveness and aptitudes using project based work in an economic setting to set-up and manage a small and medium enterprises successful.

General Objectives:
1. Understand the history of Entrepreneurship development in Nigeria
2. Understand the need, scope and characteristic of entrepreneurship
3. Understand the various sources of information for entrepreneurship development
4. Appreciate the roles of commercial and development banks in small scale industrial development
5. Understand the functions of various support agencies in small and medium scale industrial development
6. Understand methods of product selection.
7. Understand the activities of different industrial association in relation to entrepreneurship
8. Know self through analysis of strengths, weaknesses, goal-setting and risk-taking behaviour
9. Know the motivational pattern of entrepreneurs
10. Understand the functional areas of business
11. Understand the need for business planning.

112
Theoretical Content Practical Content
General Objective 1: Understand the history of entrepreneurship development in Nigeria.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Activities Resources
Week
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes
1.1 Narrate the Entrepreneurship Explain - Text books Know Use web-based Computer and
history in Nigeria. Entrepreneurship, its - Journals entrepreneurship in information, guide accessories
1.2 Compare entrepreneurship in historical - Publications Nigeria, Japan, India, students to explore
Nigeria with Japan, India, China, development in Nigeria - Video Film China, Malaysia, entrepreneurship in Internet
Malaysia, South Korea, etc. and role in small and - TV South Korea, etc. Nigeria. Japan, India, facilities
1.3 Explain Nigeria’s values and medium scale industries. - VCR China, Malaysia, South
entrepreneurship. ii.Compare Korea etc. Encarta Ref.
1.4 Describe the role of entrepreneurship in Library
entrepreneurship in the Nigeria with other software.
development of small and countries of the world –
medium scale industries Japan, India, China etc.
iii.Show students video
film of entrepreneurship
development in
any of the countries
mentioned above:
iv.Explain Nigeria’s
values and
entrepreneurship.

General Objective 2: Understand the need, scope and characteristics of entrepreneurship

2.1 Define entrepreneurship and Explain - Text books Know the roles and Guide student to Visits
entrepreneur. entrepreneurship and - Journals functions of an research into the roles Publication
2.2 Define the role and functions of entrepreneur. - Publications entrepreneur and functions of an Text books
entrepreneurship. ii. Explain the functions -Entrepreneur entrepreneur. Entrepreneur

113
2.3 Identify the entrepreneurial traits. of entrepreneurship and Know the need for
2.4 Explain entrepreneurial tasks. its roles in entrepreneurship in Invite a successful Internet and
2.5 Explain the need for national economic national economic entrepreneur to give a relevant
entrepreneurship in national development. development. talk to students on websites
economic development. iii.Explain the various entrepreneurial traits,
2.6 Identify entrepreneurial risks and traits of an entrepreneur. talks, hazards and the
hazards iv. Explain need for
entrepreneurial tasks, the entrepreneurship in
inherent risks and national economic
hazards. development.
v. Invite a successful
entrepreneur to
give a talk to students

General Objective 3: Understand the various sources of information for entrepreneurship development

3.1 Identify organizations and Explain the various - Text books Know the Guide students to Computer
agencies involved organizations and - Journal of various research to organizations Accessories
in the promotion and development agencies involved in the Management and organizations and agencies involved in
of entrepreneurship promotion and Economic and agencies the promotion and Internet facility
3.2 Explain the roles of banks and development of Digest involved in the development of
financial entrepreneurship. Publications. promotion and entrepreneurship. Application
institutions in enterprise creation. ii. Explain the roles of development of software
3.3 Describe the contributions of banks and financial entrepreneurship Use Web-based
government institutions in the information to Text books
agencies in sourcing information creation of enterprises. Know the roles understand the
including patent rights iii. Explain the of banks and international org. Journal.
contributions of financial involved in assisting
government agencies institutions in SMEs.
in sourcing information the creation of
and protecting enterprises. Guide student to conduct
enterprises. research to the roles
iv. Give assignment. banks and financial
institutions in creation
and efficient operation

114
 of an enterprises.
General Objective 4: Appreciate the roles of commercial and development banks in small scale industries development

4.1 Identify financial institutions Explain financial institutions Text books

Know the Guide student to Visitation and
involved in entrepreneurship involved in - Journals
various financial demonstrate the research
development. entrepreneurship - Publications
institutions and knowledge of Publications
4.2 Describe the assistance provided development. their roles in the commercial, merchang Text Books
by commercial banks. ii. Explain the roles of development and and development bank in Computer with
4.3 Explain the roles of development commercial and promotion of the promotion of small internet
banks in the promotion and development banks in the small medium and medium scale connection
development of small and promotion and enterprises. enterprises. Video and films.
medium scale enterprises development of SME’s. Know the Guide student to
(SME’s). iii. Explain government government research to Government
Describe government policy on policy on financing SME’s policy on policies on financing
financing small and medium scale financing small small and medium scale
enterprises (SME’s). and medium enterprises.
scale enterprises
(SME)
General Objective 5: Understand the functions of various agencies in small and medium scale industries

5.1 Identify various support agencies Explain the various Text books Know the Guide students to Internet and
involved in the promotion and support agencies - Journals various support research to Research relevant
development of entrepreneurship. involved in the - Publications agencies and institutions, universities, websites
5.2 Enumerate the functions of promotion and - TV their functions to polytechnics, Nigerian
support agencies. development - VCR the promotion Expert promotion
5.3 Explain the assistance rendered by of entrepreneurship - Relevant Video and development Council NIPC,
Research and their functions. Cassettes. of NERFUND, NDE, IDC
Institutions/Universities/Polytech ii. Explain the roles of entrepreneurship etc.
nics/Monotechnics/Technical research institutes, s.
Colleges in entrepreneurship institutions of Show a film on
development. higher learning in the technology business
5.4 Explain the roles of: development of incubation center.
Nigerian Export Promotion Council entrepreneurship.
(NEPC) iii. Show a film on
a) Nigerian Investment Technology

115
 Promotion Commission Business Incubation
(NIPC) Centre
b) National Economic (TBIC) operation.
Reconstruction Fund 1.0 iv. Conduct
(NERFUND) Test.
c) National Directorate of
Employment (NDE)
d) Raw Materials Research and
Development Council
(RMRDC)
5.5 Industrial Development Centres
(IDC) and TBICs in the Promotion and
Development of Entrepreneurship
General Objective 6: Understand the methods of Product selection

6.1 Explain product selection. Explain product Text books Know product Guide students to Computer with
6.2 Explain product selection criteria. selection, criteria and - Journals selection, selection of product accessories and
6.3 Identify key factors associated factors associated - Publications criteria and using criteria and factors internet
with product selection. with selection. factors associated with product connection.
6.4 Describe venture idea generation. ii. Explain venture idea associated with selection.
6.5 Describe the steps involved in generation. product Application
preliminary screening. iii.Explain critical selection. Guide students to packages
6.6 Evaluate critically, product ideas. evaluation of prepare a pre-feasibility
6.7 Explain the different steps in product ideas and Know venture of a given product and Visitation and
preparing pre-feasibility study. steps involved in idea generation. evaluate the viability, research
6.8 Evaluate adequacy of preliminary screening. methodology and cost
infrastructural facilities for iv.Explain steps in Know evaluation benefit analysis. Publications
product selection. preparing pre- of product idea
6.9 Identify the relevant technology feasibility study. and steps in Use web-based Journal
available for the selected product. v. Explain adequacy of valued in information to generate
6.10 Evaluate sources and adequacy infrastructural preliminary venture idea on Text books
of raw materials for a facilities for screening. exportable product.
selected product. the selected product. Internet and
6.11 Explain effects of government vi.Explain availability of Know steps in relevant
policy and regulations on the relevant technology preparing pre- websites

116
 selected product. for the selected feasibility and
6.12 Identify legal aspects of business
product. evaluate sources
in product selection. vii.Explain sources and and adequacies
adequacy of raw of input.
materials.
viii.Explain effects of
government policy
and regulation on the
selected product..
ix. Explain legal aspects
of business on the
selected product.
General Objective 7:: Understand the activities of different Industrial Associations in relation to entrepreneurship

Describe the roles of National Explain NASSI and its - Text books Know the Guide students to Internet and
Association of Small Scale roles in - Journals various research to NASSI, relevant
Industrialists (NASSI) in entrepreneurship - Publications Association and NASME, NACCIMA, websites
entrepreneurship. development. their roles to CHAMBER of
7.2 Describe the roles of National Explain NASME and its promotion and COMMERCE, MAN,
Association of Small and Medium roles in Development of NECA and demonstrate
Entrepreneurs (NASME). entrepreneurship entrepreneursh[p knowledge of their roles
7.3 Describe members of the Nigerian development. and functions to
Association of Chambers of Explain City, States and entrepreneurship.
Commerce, Industry Mines and bi-lateral chambers of
Agriculture (NACCIMA). commerce and industry Use Web-based
7.4 Describe the roles of the Nigerian and their roles in information to compare
Association of Chambers of entrepreneurship the services of Chambers
Commerce, Industry Mines and development. of Commerce in UK,
Agriculture (NACCIMA). Explain NACCIMA and USA, ASIA etc.
7.5 Explain the roles of its role in
Manufacturers Association of entrepreneurship Carry out an excursion
Nigeria (MAN) in the development. to a recognized trade
development of Small and Explain MAN and its fair closest to you.
Medium Scale Enterprises roles.
(SME’s). Explain Nigerian

117
7.6 Explain the activities of N.E.C.AEmployers
and its roles in industry. Consultative
Association (N.E.C.A).
and its roles.
General Objective 8: Know self through analysis of strength, weakness, goal setting and risk taking behaviour.

8.1 Explain the following terms: Explain the term:- Text books Know self on Guide students to Computer and
a)Data collection about self. - Data collection - Journals entrepreneurship demonstrate knowledge accessories with
b)Who am I (personal efficacy) about self - Publications development and of themselves, goals, internet
c)Rating of concepts - Personal efficacy promotion entrepreneurship connection
d)Self Knowledge. - Rating of strength and weakness.
8.2 Define individual life goal and concepts Visitation and
link it to entrepreneurship. - Self knowledge Give practical research
8.3 Identify the strengths and Explain individual life assignments to student
weaknesses in 8.2 above. goal of entrepreneurship, on personal efficacy, Research
8.4 Carry out a Ring TOSS Game. their strengths and goals – link to
8.5 Explain the behavioural pattern weaknesses. entrepreneurship Internet and
observed in 8.4 above on: Explain Ring TOSS strength and weakness. relevant
a) Moderate risk taking. Guide students to carry websites
b) Goal setting out a Ring TOSS Game. Use web-based
c) Learning from feed back Explain the behavioural information to carry out
d) Taking personal responsibility pattern observed in a simulation business
Confidence and self reliance Ring TOSS Game: games.
- Moderate Risk
Taking Guide student to observe
- Goal Setting the pattern on:
- Learning from - Risk Taking
feed back - Goal Setting etc.
- Taking personal
responsibility
Confidence and self-
reliance

118
General Objective 9: Know the motivational pattern of entrepreneurs

9.1 Define motivation i. Explain motivation, - Text books Know Thermatic Guide student to carry- Formulated case
9.2 List the objectives of motivation its objectives, merits - Journals Appreciation out Thermatic study.
9.3 Identify barriers to motivation and and demerits. - Publications Test (TAT) Application Test (TAT)
achievement. ii. Carry out analysis on on a related case study Journal
9.4 Analyse motive strength (from motive strength (from model.
TAT scores) by: TAT scores) Publication
a) Locating achievement by:
agencies - Locating Text Books.
Intensity of motives. achievement
Imageries Internet and
- Intensity of relevant
motives websites
iii. Give assignment
General Objective 10: Understand the functional areas of business
10.1 Explain basic management Explain basic Text books Know the Guide students to Computer with
concepts and functions. Management - Journals concepts and research to functional accessories and
10.2 Describe human capital function concepts and functions. - Publications basic functions areas of business. internet
in small enterprise. Explain the basic of management connection.
10.3 Identify the sources of finance functions of and personnel. Use web-based
and financial needs. personnel in a small information to explore Application
10.4 List the books of accounts enterprise. Know books of E-business, E-commerce packages.
necessary for operation of small Explain sources of accounts and other processes of
enterprises. finance and financial necessary for the trading and doing Prime Books of
10.5 Identify the financial regulations needs for a small operation of business on internet Accounts.
and taxes affecting small enteprise. small
enterprise operation. Explain books of enterprises. Guide students to Text Books and
10.6 Explain the significance of accounts necessary for prepare prime books of publication.
insurance coverage for small operation in a small Know financial Account using
enterprise. enterprise concern. Text books regulations and appropriate DBASE. Internet and
10.7 Describe the role of marketing Guide students to - Journals relevant taxes relevant
in a small enterprise prepare simple formats - Publications Give practical websites
development. of prime books of Know assignment to students
10.8 Explain the importance of accounts. marketing, on the functional areas

119
 marketing mix to the growth and Explain financial product planning of business and their
expansion of a small enterprise. regulations and taxes and control, various roles to
10.9 Explain the roles and functions affecting operations of maintenance, enterprise.
of the following:- small enterprises. etc.
a) Product Planning and Explain significance of
Control insurance coverage for
b) Production Forms and small enterprises.
Techniques Explain the role of
c) Factory and facilities marketing and
layout importance of
d) Work Process marketing mix to the
10.10 Explain the importance of development and growth
quality control and production of a small enterprise.
standards. Explain the roles and
10.11 Explain the need for functions of:
maintenance management with - Product Planning
special reference to: and control.
a. Routine maintenance - Production forms
b. Scheduled and Techniques
Maintenance - Factory and
c. Spare parts facilities layout
management and - Work Process.
control Explain importance of
Preventive Maintenance Quality control and
production standards.
Explain need for
maintenance
management with
special reference to:
- Routine
maintenance
- Scheduled
maintenance
- Preventive
maintenance
- Spare parts

120
 management and
control.
xii. Invite a successful
entrepreneur to give
a talk to students.

General Objective 11: Understand the need for business planning

12.1 Identify a viable business Explain viable business Text books Know a viable Guide students to Computers and
opportunity based on and business - Journals business prepare a feasibility application
a) Demand opportunities based - Publications opportunity. study, using application software
b) Availability of on: softwares.
resources - demand Know the Text bools
c) Import substitution - availability of different steps in Guide students to
d) Export oriented resources preparing prepare: Journals
products - import substitution preliminary A bankable project
11.2 Explain the different steps in - export oriented project report. report and analyse the Publications
preparing a preliminary project products
report. ii. Explain different Know a Technical operational Visitation and
11.3 Formulate a bankable project steps in preparing a bankable project economic viability research.
report. preliminary project and report. Methodology
11.4 Analyse a sample project bankable project report. Cost benefit analysis on
report. iii. Guide students to equips, dev., cost,
prepare a preliminary running cost.
project report.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio) %
40% 20% 40%
Competency: On completing the course, the student should be able to understand/estimate/define/etc….

121
PROGRAMME: HND Accountancy Code: OTM 424 Credit Hours: 4 hours

Course: Professional Ethics and Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Social Responsibility
Semester: 2 Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Course main Aim/Goal: This course is designed to develop in the student the desirable professional work ethics required for successful
work in a modern accountancy office.

General Objectives:
1.0 Understand the concept of profession and professionalism.
2.0 Understand the concepts of ethics and professional work ethics.
3.0 Understand ethical standards and behaviours in the office.
4.0 Know the difference between ethics and morality.
5.0 Understand the roles of professional bodies in promoting ethical practices.
6.0 Know the role of Government in regulating on ethical practices.

122
 PROGRAMME: HND Accountancy Code: OTM 424 Credit Hours: 4 hours

Course: Professional Ethics and Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Social Responsibility
Semester: 2 Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1.0: Understand the concept of profession and professionalism.
Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Outcomes Activities Activities
Outcomes
1-3 1. Define the terms: Explain the terms Hand-outs Brain storming Lead and Hand-outs
profession and profession and session correct
professionalism. professionalism and Text-books students, Case-study
distinguish between promote
them. debates Role-plays

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 2:0: Understand the concept of ethics and professional work ethics.
4-6 2.1. Note how ethics Explain ethics as it Hand-outs Group discussion on Guide the Hand-outs
ethical behaviour. discussion.
relates to professional relates to
Text-books Case-study
practices. professions. Role-plays

2.2Define professional Define and explain Hand-outs Group discussion on Guide the case Case Studies
case studies. studies.
ethics and professional professional ethics
work ethics. and professional Text-books
work ethics.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0: Understand ethical standards and behaviours in the office.

123
7-9 3.1 List ethical principles Explain different ethical Hand-outs Relate these Guide the Textbooks
principles eg honesty, principles to work students. Journal
efficiency promptness, Text-books behaviour.
etc.
3.2 List positive work ethics. Explain positive work Hand-outs Discuss relevance of Moderate the Textbooks
ethics eg Self Disciple, positive work ethics discussion. Journal
politeness, self Text-books in an organisation.
commitment, etc
3.1 List negative work Explain negative work Hand-outs Role play positive Provide brief Textbooks
ethics. ethics eg sexual and negative work for the role Journal
harassment, abuse of Text-books ethics. play.
trust, licentiousness, etc.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 4:0: Know the difference between ethics and morality.

10-12 4.1 Note the different between Differentiate between Hand-outs Examine the Guide the Handouts
ethics and morality. ethics and morality. differences between students’
Text-books ethics and morality. work.
GENERAL OBJECTIVES 5:0: Understand the roles of professional bodies in promoting ethical practices.

13 5.1 List some professional Give examples of Discuss how Moderate the Regulation
bodies. professional bodies and professional bodies class and By-law of
explain what they do to Hand-outs regulate on ethical discussion/de Professional
regulate on ethical issues. bate bodies.
issues. Text-books

General Objective 6.0: Know the role of Government on regulating on ethical practices.

14-15 6.1 Note the role of government Explain the role of Hand-outs Discuss the role of Moderate Relevant
in regulating on ethical government in organizations such Acts.
practices. regulating on ethical Text-books as ICPC, EFCC
practices.

124
 `
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
% % % %
50 50

125
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 411 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 4.0 Units
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: ADVANCED FINANCIAL Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
ACCOUNTING II
Semester: FIRST SEMESTER Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Goal: This course is designed to enable the student gain an indepth understanding of the principles and the procedures
governing the preparation of financial statements of specialized organizations so as to be able to apply the
accounting knowledge to solve business problems.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, the students should be able to:-

1.0 Know the accounting treatment of containers, investments, hire purchase, leasing, pension provident fund, voyages,
oil and gas.
2.0 Know how to prepare the accounts of specialized businesses such as Estate Agencies, farmers, contractors,
underwriters, unit trust, companies and co-operative societies.
3.0 Know how to prepare the accounts of banks.
4.0 Know how to prepare the accounts of insurance companies.
5.0 Understand the principles and practice or Financial Valuation.
6.0 Understand Advanced aspects of Partnership Accounts.
7.0 Understand Liquidation Accounts.

126
 PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 411 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN 4.0 Units
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: ADVANCED FINANCIAL Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week – 50%
ACCOUNTING II
Semester FIRST SEMESTER Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Know the accounting treatment of containers, investments, hire purchase, leasing, pension provident
fund, voyages, oil and gas.
Week
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1.1 Explain the accounting treatment - Prepare the relevant Overhead 1. Prepare the Assist the SAS
for containers. accounting entries projector accounts for students to
1.2 Explain the accounting treatment and show journal containers, prepare Flipchart
for investments. entries to ensure Worked Investments, hire accounts for
1.3 Define hire purchase. proper understanding examples purchase, special Spreadsheet
1.4 Explain the accounting treatment by students. fund, voyage oil transactions
for hire purchase stressing clearly & gas. such as Accounting
the principles of profit containers package.
recognition. Investment etc.
1.5 Define leasing.
1.6 Identify types of leases.
1.7 Explain the treatment of leases in
Accounts.
1.8 Identify the similarities and
differences between hire purchase
and leasing.

127
1.9 Define pension fund.
1.10 Explain the method of accounting
for pension
fund.
1.11 Explain how to prepare voyage
account.
1.12 Identify various classes of costs
associated with
oil and gas production.
1.13 Explain methods of accounting
for these costs.
1.14 Explain the differences between
oil and gas.
1.15 Prepare oil and gas account in
compliance to SAS 14 and 17.
General Objective 2: Know how to prepare the accounts of specialized businesses such as Estate Agencies, farmers,
contractors, underwriters, unit trust, companies and co-operative societies.
2.1 Identify the business of Estate - Prepare accounts Worked 1. Draw the format Lead the SAS
Agencies. necessary to record examples of financial students to IAS
2.2 Prepare accounts of Estate the financial statements for prepare Spreadsheet
Agencies. transactions of Overhead special business accounts for Flipchart.
2.3 Identify the peculiarities of various projector such as Estate special business
farming enterprises. businesses. Agency, farming, like farming,
2.4 Explain the principles involved in Banking, Estate Agency,
the preparation of farmers Insurance etc. Banking,
accounts. 2. Prepare accounts Insurance, etc.
2.5 Prepare farmers accounts. for special
2.6 Define long term construction businesses.
contracts. - Compute profit
2.7 Distinguish between long term attributable to
and short term construction contracts which will
contracts. be credited to
2.8 Identify the methods of P & L using different
accounting for long term contracts methods viz
with particular emphasis on profit W.I.P. and Engineers

128
 recognition. certificate
2.9 Prepare contract accounts using methods.
each of the methods highlighted
and in compliance with SAS 5
(IAS II).
2.10 Define underwriting.
2.11 Identify the income sources and
expenditures
associated with underwriting
2.12 Prepare underwriters accounts.
2.13 Define unit trust.
2.14 Prepare accounts of unit trusts.
2.15 Identify the peculiarities the - Explain the operation
accounts of solicitors. and functions of
2.16 Prepare accounts of Solicitors. Unit Trust, Building
2.17 Explain the legal form of Societies
Building Co-operative
Societies and show their Societies.
relationships with
property companies.
2.18 Prepare accounts of
Building Societies.
2.19 Prepare accounts of
Co-operative Societies.
General Objective 3: Know how to prepare the accounts of banks.
3.1 Identify the peculiarities of - Provide formats of Financial 1. Draw the format Lead the SAS
financial statements of banks. Financial Statements of financial students to IAS
3.2 Explain provisions of Banks and Statements of Banks statements for prepare Spreadsheet
other Financial Institutions. Act and outlines the special business accounts for Flipchart
1991 as amended relating to the difference between such as Estate special business
preparation and presentation of them and other Agency, farming, like farming,
financial statements of banks and company financial Banking, Estate Agency,
non-bank financial institutions. statements. Insurance etc. Banking,
3.3 Prepare accounts of banks and Insurance, etc.
other non-bank financial 2. Prepare accounts

129
 institutions with particular for special
compliance to SAS 10 and 15 businesses.
(IAS 30)
General Objective 4: Know how to prepare the accounts of insurance companies.
4.1 Identify the peculiarities of Overhead 1. Draw the format Lead the SAS
insurance companies’ financial - Show the differences projector of financial students to IAS
statements. and similarities statements for prepare Spreadsheet
4.2 Explain the provisions of the between Financial Annual special business accounts for Flipchart
Insurance Act 1997 relating to Statements on reports such as Estate special business
the preparation and insurance companies Agency, farming, like farming,
presentation of financial and those of Banking, Estate Agency,
statements. other companies. Insurance etc. Banking,
4.3 Know the Accounting 2. Prepare accounts Insurance, etc.
Standards in respect of for special
Insurance Companies (SAS 16). businesses.
4.4 Prepare Financial Statements of - Use the annual report
Insurance Companies in of some
compliance with the relevant insurance companies
statutes and statement of to illustrate the
Accounting Standards.
General Objective 5: Understand the principles and practice or Financial Valuation.
5.1 Explain the types of financial - Use different methods Worked 1. Write on business Lead the CAMA
valuation. to illustrate the examples valuation students who
5.2 Identify the needs for financial points raised and methods and may be divided Partnership
valuation. explain clearly the their accounting in groups to Act/Dead
5.3 Explain different methods of reasons for applying treatment. write on
financial valuation. one method business Spreadsheet.
5.4 Explain share valuation. instead of another. 2. Compute the valuation
5.5 Explain business valuation under value of business. methods.
various identified circumstances.
5.6 Explain valuation methods 3. Prepare Ask the students
relating to tangible and intangible partnership to prepare
assets. accounts on accounts on
dissolution on partnership
conversion to dissolution or

130
 Limited liability conversion.
company.
Assist the
4. Prepare sole students to
traders account prepare
on conversion to statutory
partnership. accounts and
statements on
5. Prepare the company’s
following: liquidation.
- Deficiency
Account
- Receiver’s
Accounts.
- Liquidation
Accounts.
- Statement of
Affairs.
- Liquidation’s
receipt of
payments
Accounts.

General Objective 6: Understand Advanced aspects of Partnership Accounts.

6.1 Explain the accounting treatment - Prepare a case study Case study 1. Write on business Lead the CAMA
of partnership business. for solution by valuation students who
6.2 Explain the various methods of the students who may methods and may be divided Partnership
realization of assets on dissolution be divided in their accounting in groups to Act/Dead
of partnership. groups. treatment. write on
6.3 State the methods of distribution business Spreadsheet.
of assets on dissolution of 2. Compute the valuation
partnership. value of business. methods.
6.4 Explain the accounting treatment
relating to realization and 3. Prepare Ask the students
distribution of assets on partnership to prepare

131
 dissolution of partnership with accounts on accounts on
emphasis on piecemeal dissolution on partnership
realization. conversion to dissolution or
6.5 State the requirements for Limited liability conversion.
conversion of sole traders company.
business to partnership. Assist the
6.6 Prepare accounts on conversion 4. Prepare sole students to
from sole trades business to traders account prepare
partnership. on conversion to statutory
6.7 State requirements for conversion partnership. accounts and
of partnership to limited liability statements on
company. 5. Prepare the company’s
6.8 Prepare the accounting records on following: liquidation.
conversion from partnership to - Deficiency
limited liability company. Account
- Receiver’s
Accounts.
- Liquidation
Accounts.
- Statement of
Affairs.
- Liquidation’s
receipt of
payments
Accounts.
General Objective 7: Understand Liquidation Accounts.
7.1 Define the term Liquidation. - Prepare formats of Formats for 1. Write on business Lead the CAMA
7.2 Explain the various circumstances the appropriate accounts valuation students who
leading to liquidation. accounts and work methods and may be divided Partnership
7.3 Explain Statement of Affairs of a examples. their accounting in groups to Act/Dead
company. treatment. write on
7.4 Explain deficiency Account. business Spreadsheet.
7.5 Explain Liquidator’s Receipts and 2. Compute the valuation
Payments Accounts. value of business. methods.
7.6 Explain Receivers Accounts.

132
 7.7 List the preferential creditors. 3. Prepare Ask the students
7.8 Prepare Liquidation Accounts. partnership to prepare
accounts on accounts on
dissolution on partnership
conversion to dissolution or
Limited liability conversion.
company.
Assist the
4. Prepare sole students to
traders account prepare
on conversion to statutory
partnership. accounts and
statements on
5. Prepare the company’s
following: liquidation.
- Deficiency
Account
- Receiver’s
Accounts.
- Liquidation
Accounts.
- Statement of
Affairs.
- Liquidation’s
receipt of
payments
Accounts.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
25% % 25% 50%

PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 412 Credit Hours: 60 hours

HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN

133
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: AUDITING AND Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
INVESTIGATION
Semester: Practical: 2 hours/week - 50 %

Goal: To enable the student gain an in depth understanding of the general principles and practices of modern auditing and
investigation so as to be able to apply the knowledge in practical situations.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand audit planning process and the generally accepted audit procedures as the basis for audit tests and
questionnaires.
2.0 Understand Public Reporting and generally accepted audit procedures (GAAP).
3.0 Understand audit investigation.
4.0 Understand the principles underlying the acquisition and amalgamation of companies.
5.0 Understand fraud.
6.0 Know forms of audit reports.
7.0 Understand the Companies and Allied Matters Act (1990) and the auditors responsibilities.
8.0 Understand shareholders, employers and creditors’ protections under CAMA.
9.0 Know take-over code.
10.0 Understand audit of Computerized Accounting System.
11.0 Understand Financial Statements and Audit Opinions.
12.0 Understand Special Credit.
13.0 Understand Ethical Code of Conduct.

134
 PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 412 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: AUDITING AND Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
INVESTIGATION
Semester: 3 Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand audit planning process and the generally accepted audit procedures as the basis for audit tests
and questionnaires.
Week Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1.1 Define audit tests and - Explain in detail the Overhead Draw up ICQ Ask the students Word processor
questionnaires. meaning of audit projector who are divided Flip chart
1.2 Explain the process of developing tests and into groups to
audit tests and questionnaires questionnaires. Samples of draw up ICQ on
including ICQS. - Draw up samples of tests different
1.3 Explain the generally accepted audit tests and financial
basis for audit tests (GAAP) and ICQS. activities such
ICQS. as purchases,
1.4 Explain the development of these sales etc.
tests and questionnaires.
1.5 State the nature and scope of these
tests and questionnaires.
1.6 Draw up and apply ICQS and
audit tests.
General Objective 2: Understand Public Reporting and generally accepted audit procedures (GAAP).
2.1 Define Public Reporting. - Explain by way of Overhead State the application of Lead the CAMA

135
2.2 Classify forms of Public teaching in detail projector GAAP to published students to GAAP
Reporting. the definition of accounts. classify the Published
2.3 Explain the principles acceptable public financial Samples of forms of public accounts
to Accountants. reporting. tests reporting.
2.4 Explain the application GAAP to - Teach the types and Ask the students
all published accounts. formats of to draw up the
2.5 Explain the application of reporting systems. formats of
generally accepted principles to - Teach types of reporting
all forms of Published Accounts. Published Accounts. systems in line
- Explain statutory with GAAP
requirements e.g.
NSE; SEC etc.

General Objective 3: Understand audit investigation.

3.1 Define Investigation. - Explain to the student Overhead 3-5 Lead the CAMA
3.2 Explain types and nature of the nature of projector Write on nature and different students to write Flipchart
Investigation. Investigation as types of investigation such as on the Wordprocessor
on business acquisition, fraud
3.3 Explain related terms used in distinct from etc. distinguishing
Investigations auditing. features of
vis-à-vis prospectus; - Explain the Illustrate graphically the various forms of
acquisitions and responsibilities of the difference between audit investigation.
amalgamations; purchase Accountant and investigation. Organise the
and sales of business. conducting an class into
3.4 State the similarities in procedure Investigation. groups to write
during audit - Explain different the procedures
Investigations. types of for different
Investigation including types of
frauds. investigation.
- Demonstrate how to
prepare Status
Reports under
Investigation.
General Objective 4: Understand the principles underlying the acquisition and amalgamation of companies.
4.1 Define acquisitions and - Demonstrate the Overhead Understanding of the No activity
amalgamations. differences and projector principles and

136
4.2 Explain the similarities and similarities in regulations governing
differences between acquisition procedures during acquisition and
and amalgamation. acquisitions and amalgamation
4.3 Explain the generally accepted amalgamations.
accounting principles of - Explain the basic
acquisitions and amalgamations. legal requirements
4.4 Apply these principles in audit and procedures in
reporting. acquisitions and
amalgamations.
General Objective 5: Understand fraud.
5.1 Define fraud. - Explain the term Overhead A full appreciation of the No activity
5.2 State the different types of fraud. fraud and types. projector scope and consequences
5.3 Explain the possible procedures of fraud
for detecting fraud. - Explain the roles of
5.4 State the possible steps that can internal and external
be taken to prevent frauds. audit in detecting
frauds.

General Objective 6: Know forms of audit reports.

6.1 Define audit reports. - Explain the term Overhead 6-7 Group the CAMA
6.2 State the different types of audit “Audit Report”. projector Write different types of students to write GAAP
reports: qualified and unqualified - Display the contents qualified and clean audit various forms of Auditing
reports. of Audit Reports reports. clean and standards and
6.3 Distinguish between adverse - Qualified qualified audit guidelines.
qualified and unqualified opinion. - Unqualified reports.
6.4 State conditions for a disclaimer - Explain the
report and qualified reports. responsibilities of the
6.5 Apply the knowledge acquired in Directors.
a given audit assignment to reflect - Explain the
qualified and unqualified reports. responsibilities of the
6.6 Explain current External Auditors.
developments in reporting. - Explain the basis of
opinion of the
External Auditors.
- Explain the opinion

137
 of the
External Auditors.

General Objective 7: Understand the Companies and Allied Matters Act (1990) and the auditors responsibilities.
7.1 Explain the position of the - Explain the term Overhead
Auditor in the Companies and “Audit Report”. projector
Allied Matters Act 1990 (formerly - Display the contents
Companies Act 1968). of Audit Reports
7.2 Explain how the Companies and - Qualified
Allied Matters’ Act 1990 affects - Unqualified
the responsibilities of the Auditor. - Explain the
7.3 Explain the meaning of “true and responsibilities of the
fair view” in audit reports. Directors.
7.4 Explain reasons for non- - Explain the
compliance with the responsibilities of the
provisions of the Act. External Auditors.
- Explain the basis of
opinion of the

138
 External Auditors.
- Explain the opinion
of the of the
External Auditors.

General Objective 8: Understand shareholders, employers and creditors’ protections under CAMA.
8.1 Explain the importance of the Act Overhead 8-9 Direct students CAMA
(CAMA) to the shareholders; - Explain the relevant projector State the auditors to state the legal SEC Act
employers and creditors. provisions of the responsibilities to and regulatory Flipchart
8.2 Explain the implications of non- Companies and Allied shareholders, creditors provisions for
compliance on the Matters Act and employees’ auditors’
shareholders/employers creditors 1990 (formerly protection under CAMA. responsibilities
etc. Companies Act 1968) to shareholders,
8.3 Explain measures to enforce viz-a-viz creditors and
compliance. shareholders, employees’
employers and protection under

139
 creditors. CAMA.
- Explain the penalties
for
non-compliance.
- Explain measures to
enforce
compliance.

General Objective 9: Know take-over code.

9.1 Define take-over code. - Explain the meaning Overhead Write the procedure for Assist the CAMA
9.2 Explain the reasons for take-over. of take-over in projector take-over under students to write SEC Act
9.3 Explain take-over code as it details. regulatory and legal on take-over Wordprocessor
relates to audit report. - Demonstrate the audit Worked framework. codes and
9.4 State the importance of take-over reporting examples procedure.
code. procedure(s).
9.5 State the legal requirements of
take-over.
9.6 Explain the procedures
for take-over.

140
General Objective 10: Understand audit of Computerized Accounting System.
10.1 State the audit - Show to students the Overhead Understanding of the No activity
procedures used in the main features of projector audit requirements of
audit of Computerized the audit of computerised systems
accounting systems. computerized
10.2 Explain the following accounting
terms in Computer system.
audits. - Identify and explain
(a) Input devices. the various
(b) Output devices accounting software
(c) Software packages. packages.
10.3 Describe the system - Demonstrate the use
development control and lead the
i.e. student to use the
- Over Inputs various accounting
- Over processing and software packages of
- Over outputs. any available
software packages
e.g.
- General and
Application controls.
- System
documentation.
- Application of
techniques and
procedures Hardware
Controls.
General Objective 11: Understand Financial Statements and Audit Opinions.
11.1 Review financial statements as - Explain the use of Overhead Write the procedure for Lead the student Audit test packs
aid to audit opinion. financial projector auditing in an EDP to use audit test Audit software
11.2 Explain compliance with statements. environment. packs in an EDP Computer
generally accepted accounting - Explain the environment. Internet
principles and accounting importance of

141
 standards both local and financial
international. statements as an aid
11.3 Review presentation and to audit opinion.
disclosure procedures. - Explain relevant
11.4 Explain compliance of generally, accepted
financial statements accounting principles
with statutory and accounting
requirements and other standards both local
regulations. and international.

General Objective 12: Understand Special Credit.

12.1 Define Special Audits. - Demonstrate the Overhead Write the procedure for Direct the Published
12.2 State procedures for writing types of special projector special audit. students to write Account of
investigation reports. audits viz:- banks the programmes specialised
12.3 Describe the procedure and the and other financial and procedure organisations.
process of presentation of institutions. for special audit Wordprocessors
reports to management and - Insurance companies, such as Banks, Flipchart
clients. parastatals and Insurance
12.4 Explain the advantages and public utilities, Companies,
disadvantages of such hospitals, Educational

142
 reports to clients. universities, Institutions etc.
polytechnics and
other tertiary
institutions.
- Demonstrate the
preparation of
Management
Reports.

General Objective 13: Understand Ethical Code of Conduct.

13.1 State the objectives of Exposition on the ethics of Overhead Write on ethical codes of Lead the student Wordprocessor
ethical codes of auditing and their practical projector conduct. to write on Internet
conduct. impact ethical codes of
13.2 Explain the different conduct issued
Laws and regulations by various
issued by the accounting
Accounting bodies. bodies
13.3 Explain conflicts.
13.4 State the gains of
compliance and the
penalties for non-
compliance with the
dictates of:
- Ethical Code of Conduct.
- Regulations and Laws issued
by professional bodies.
13.5 Identify the various
bodies responsible for
the regulation and the
development of
Accounting Standards
locally and
internationally.
13.6 Identify various factors

143
 against the
harmonization of the
International and Local
Accounting Standards.
`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
25% % 25% 50%

PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 413 Credit Hours: 60 hours

HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
I
Semester: THIRD SEMESTER. Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Goal: To enable the student acquire an in depth knowledge of the management processes of planning financial resources in
a business or organization.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand the nature, objectives and scope of Financial Management.

2.0 Understand Capital Budgeting.
3.0 Understand Financing and Capital Structure Decision.

144
 4.0 Understand Dividend Policy Decisions.
5.0 Understand Working Capital Management.
6.0 Understand Financial Management of small and medium scale enterprises.

PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 413 Credit Hours: 60 hours

HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT I Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
Semester THIRD SEMESTER Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand the nature, objectives and scope of Financial Management.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1.1 Explain the nature and - Emphasise the unique Overhead State the objectives of Assist students Overhead
significance of finance. role of projector financial management. in recalling the projector
1.2 Explain the objectives of financial Financial List the goals and objectives of CBN, NIC
management. Management in objectives of corporate financial reports
1.3 Explain the sources of funds at making strategy. management, Financial
long term, medium term and short businesses Reproduce the functions goals and newspapers
term level. successful. of treasury manager and objectives of

145
1.4 Explain the goals and objectives the functions of capital corporate
of corporate strategy. market. strategy, the
1.5 Explain the principles of functions of
corporate governance. treasury
1.6 Explain the functions of treasury management
manager. and the
1.7 Explain the duties of capital functions of
market and developments in terms capital market.
of depth and breath.

General Objective 2: Understand Capital Budgeting.

2.1 Explain mathematics of - Revisit the Overhead Calculate present value, Lead the Investment
finance mathematics of projector yield on investment, loan students to appraisal
- Time value of money, present finance – amortisation, sinking calculate software.
value, yield on investments, compounding and fund. various Overhead
loan amortisation, sinking discounting as a Evaluate capital projects. investment projector
fund etc. prelude to project Distinguish between appraisal Professional
2.2 Explain various appraisal. advanced manufacturing techniques. journals
techniques of technology (AMT) and With worked
Investment appraisal. - Demonstrate how project appraisal example guide
- Pay back period. investments are techniques. students through
- Discounted pay back period. appraised and Effect the treatment of capital project
- Return on investment. selected. inflation, taxation, risk, appraisal and
- NPV, IRR, modified IRR, PI. uncertainty and effect of selection.
2.3 Evaluate capital government policies on
projects. investment decisions.
- Capital rationing.
- Replacement and
abandonment decisions.
2.4 Distinguish between
advanced manufacturing
technology (AMT) and
project appraisal
techniques:

146
 - Types of AMT investment,
relevance and shortcomings.
2.5 Explain the treatment of
inflation, taxation, risk,
uncertainties and effect of
government policies
on investment decision.
General Objective 3: Understand Financing and Capital Structure Decision.
3.1 Define Cost of Capital. - Define cost of capital. Overhead Measure the various cost Guide students Overhead
3.2 Explain and measure projector of capital. to calculate cost transparencies
various costs of capital - Explain how an Determine optimal of various types Graph
– equity, preference optimum capital Graphs capital mix. of capital and
shares, debenture and structure can be Relate gearing to cost of how to
loan stock. attained. capital. determine
3.3 Explain optimal capital optimal capital
mix. - Illustrate through mix.
3.4 Explain gearing and graph how gearing
cost of capital. affects cost of capital
- Traditional approach citing various
- Net income/net operating theories, both
income approach (modighani traditional and
and miller concept). contemporary.

General Objective 4: Understand Dividend Policy Decisions.

4.1 Explain factors influencing - Take life examples Overhead Recall factors Take life Published
dividends policies – active and from relevant projector influencing dividend examples from Annual Reports.
passive dividend policies. journals to explain policies. relevant Overhead
4.2 Identify types of dividend – cash how good Worked List types of dividends. journals/ transparencies
dividend and stock dividend. dividend policies examples State the legal and published Journals
4.3 Explain Legal and procedural trigger off growth in procedural aspects of annual reports Internet
aspects of dividend payment in terms of shareholders dividend payments in to explain how
Nigeria. wealth and Nigeria. good dividend
4.4 Explain theories of dividend market share. policies trigger
policies – relevance and off growth in
irrelevance. terms of

147
 shareholders
wealth and
market share.
General Objective 5: Understand Working Capital Management.
5.1 Explain the working capital cycle - Explain various Overhead Outline the steps taken in Divide the Overhead
and its components. methods of working projector working capital students into projector
5.2 Explain management of surplus capital management management. groups and Working capital
cash and deficits; cash in terms of guide them to software
management models. debtors, stock and prepare models packages
5.3 Explain analysis and evaluation cash management on the
of various credit terms, use of models. management of
cash discount and debt collection various
techniques, debt factoring and components of
invoice discounting. working capital.

General Objective 6: Understand Financial Management of small and medium scale enterprises.
6.1 Explain SMSE and capital - Emphasise the need Overhead Apply investment Guide the Overhead
investment appraisal techniques. for SMSE and projector appraisal techniques to students to use projector
6.2 Justify the use of popular but investment appraisal small and medium sized investment Investment
incorrect techniques such as pay techniques. enterprises. appraisal appraisal
back and ARR. methods to software
6.3 Explain the need for SMSE to select capital
embrace the use of DCF projects in
techniques viz NPV, IRR etc. SMSEs.
`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
25% % 25% 50%

148
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 414 Credit Hours: 45 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: ADVANCED TAXATION II Pre-requisite: ACC 324 Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 67%
Semester: THIRD SEMESTER Practical: 1 hours/week - 33%

Goal: This course is designed to enable the student understand the general concepts of taxation; the working environment
of the tax system, and the general application of the tax laws.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, student should be able to:

1.0 Understand petroleum profit tax system.

2.0 Understand capital allowance in petroleum profit tax.

149
 3.0 Understand the computation of petroleum profit tax.
4.0 Understand capital gains tax administration.
5.0 Understand value added tax.
6.0 Understand double taxation treaties.
7.0 Understand the provisions of industrial development.
8.0 Understand tax planning principles and practice.
9.0 Understand tax audit and investigation.

PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 414 Credit Hours: 45 hours

HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: ADVANCED TAXATION II Pre-requisite: ACC 324 Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 67%
Semester THIRD SEMESTER Practical: 1 hours/week - 33%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand petroleum profit tax system.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1.1 Explain cost classification. - Illustrate with Overhead 1-2 Lead the CITA
1.2 Explain Joint Venture and examples, the projector Write on the students to PPTA
Production Sharing methods. Petroleum Industry – administration of compute MOU
1.3 Explain the importance of upstream and Worked petroleum profit tax assessable
Memorandum of Understanding down stream. examples system. income,
(MOU) - State the different Relate the provisions of chargeable
1.4 Explain upstream and types of costs and memorandum of income,

150
 downstream operations. the classification into understanding in the assessable tax
1.5 Explain the relationship between tangible and administration of and chargeable
the Board and the Federal Inland intangible. petroleum profit tax. tax of company.
Revenue Service. - Demonstrate the Compute petroleum Ask the students
1.6 Explain the assessment and impact of profit tax. to list allowable
collection procedures. Memorandum of and
1.7 Explain the procedure for Understanding disallowable
objection and appeal. (MOU) on tax expenses.
1.8 State penalty for non-compliance liabilities.
(list offences and penalties) - Define Petroleum
1.9 Define Chargeable Income. company and other
1.10 Define Assessable Income. special terms.
1.11 Define Assessable Tax - Explain and
1.12 Define Chargeable Tax demonstrate the
1.13 Explain the basis of Assessment. computation of
chargeable Income,
Assessable Income,
Assessable Tax,
Chargeable Tax.
- Explain deductions
and disallowable
expenses.

General Objective 2: Understand capital allowance in petroleum profit tax.

2.1 Identify qualifying assets. - State the different Overhead Understanding of and No activity
2.2 Explain the basis of granting types of assets used projector ability to compute
capital allowances. in Petroleum petroleum profit tax
2.3 Explain the restrictions on capital Operations. Worked
allowances. - Demonstrate by examples
2.4 Distinguish between capital computing capital
allowance and investment allowances on
allowance. various assets.
2.5 Compute capital allowances on - Use the above to
various assets. explain restrictions
2.6 Compute investment allowance. on capital allowance.

151
- Explain Investment
Allowance.

152
General Objective 3: Understand the computation of petroleum profit tax.
3.1 Explain Petroleum Profit Tax - Demonstrate by Overhead Compute capital Lead the class in Spreadsheets
System. computing Petroleum projector allowances under the computing Desk top
3.2 Describe the administration of Profit Tax using the petroleum profit tax. capital calculators
Petroleum Profit Tax. format explained Worked allowances on PPTA
3.3 Explain the application of the in the PPT Act. examples various MOU
rules an deductions allowance. - Explain the whole qualifying assets
3.4 Explain posted price and value of concept of under PPT.
chargeable crude oil sold or chargeable Tax.
disposed off. - Give case study on
3.5 Describe income incidental to and decided case on
arising from any one or more of Petroleum Profits
its petroleum operations. Tax.
3.6 Compute Petroleum Profit Tax.
General Objective 4: Understand capital gains tax administration.
4.1 Explain tax administration of - Explain the principles Overhead Compute capital gains Lead the class to ICGTA
capital gains. of capital gains projector tax. identify
4.2 Define capital gains. tax. chargeable Spreadsheets
4.3 Explain chargeable assets and - Define chargeable Worked assets and
exempt transactions. assets and explain examples treatment of
4.4 Explain allowable and exempt transactions. losses resulting
disallowable deductions. - Demonstrate by from capital
4.5 Explain disposal of assets and computing capital transactions.
compulsory acquisition of land. gains tax and explain Ask the class to
4.6 Explain disposal between allowable compute capital
connected persons. deductions, tax rate, gains tax,
4.7 Explain the effect of hire etc. explaining the
purchase, asset lost or destroyed - Explain treatment of effect of
on computation of capital gains. losses resulting artificial
4.8 Explain treatment of replacement from capital transactions.
of business assets. transactions.
4.9 Compute capital gains tax. - Explain and
4.10 Explain transitional provision demonstrate the effect
(1967) of artificial

153
 transactions and
market value
valuation on
computation of gain.
General Objective 5: Understand value added tax.
5.1 Define Value Added Tax. - Define VAT and Overhead Compute VAT Ask students to VAT return
5.2 Explain the administration of explain the projector remittable to the tax test Vatable forms
Value Added Tax. administrative authority. goods and VAT Act
5.3 Distinguish between VAT and procedures. Worked services and
Sales Tax. - Demonstrate, the examples goods and
5.4 Explain reasons for replacing computation of services
sales tax with VAT. Input and Output exempted from
5.5 Identify goods and services Tax. VAT.
exempted from VAT. - Ensure that students Give a field
5.6 Explain the methods and rates can fill the VAT work study on
used on computing of VAT. Form. the compliance
5.7 Explain returns procedures and - Describe in detail the of VAT
remittance. refund provisions to the
5.8 Explain the VAT refund procedures. students.
procedures.

154
General Objective 6: Understand double taxation treaties.
6.1 Explain the basic principles of double - Define double Overhead Outline the basic principles Ask the students CITA
taxation. taxation. projector of double taxation to compute double Treaty
6.2 Explain the double taxation - Show the students an arrangements/ treaties to taxation relief on arrangements with
arrangement or treaties. example of Worked compute double taxation income received other countries
6.3 Explain the commonwealth rate. double taxation treaty relief. in or brought into
6.4 Explain the computation of double between Nigeria
examples State the provisions of Nigeria in relation Spreadsheets
taxable relief. and other countries.. double taxation to other countries
6.5 Compute relief. - Demonstrate by arrangements between in the treaty.
computing Double Nigeria and other countries.
Taxation relief.
General Objective 7: Understand the provisions of industrial development.
7.1 Explain the provisions of Industrial - Explain the reasons Overhead List the pioneer products. Ask the students IBA
Development Act. for enacting the projector State the conditions for to list pioneer CITA
7.2 Define pioneer company. Industrial granting pioneer status. products. PITA
7.3 Define pioneer product. Development Act. Worked Direct the
7.4 Explain national accounts. - Explain the different examples students to state
7.5 Explain tax relief period and types of products the conditions
conditions for terminating the that are regarded as for granting the
relief. “pioneer pioneer status.
7.6 Explain how losses and capital products”.
allowances are treated under IDA. - Explain how a
company can qualify
to be “pioneer
company”.
- Demonstrate the
computation of
“pioneer profit”.

155
General Objective 8: Understand tax planning principles and practice.
8.1 Explain planning for direct and - Demonstrate by Overhead Distinguish between tax Organise the Tax decided
indirect tax savings. developing case projector avoidance and tax class into cases
8.2 Review tax avoidance schemes. studies. evasion. discussion CITA
8.3 Explain problems in case study - Explain tax planning Worked State the procedure for groups to debate PITA
and relate such to decided cases.. and the effect on examples carrying out tax various tax
tax liabilities. planning. planning
- Give students Case Case study Identify anti-avoidance schemes.
Study and test on provisions in the tax Ask the students
their ability to laws. to identify anti-
comprehend tax avoidance
issues involved. provisions in the
tax laws.
General Objective 9: Understand tax audit and investigation.
9.1 Define tax audit. - Define tax audit. Overhead State the procedure for Lead the CITA
9.2 Explain the objectives of tax - Refresh the student’s projector Back Duty students to Journals
audit. memory of Back investigations. recognise the Decided cases
9.3 Explain the difference between Duty Assessment, Case study Outline the legal provisions Conventions
tax audit and investigation. Fraud, etc. circumstances that could for tax audit and from FIRS
9.4 Distinguish between management - Explain resources for lead to tax audit and investigations.
audit, accounting audit and tax tax investigation. investigations. Lead the
audit. - Use case study to State the legal provisions students into
enlighten the for tax audit and discussing cases
students. investigations. involving Back
Duty, fraud etc.
Direct the
students to write
the procedures
for tax audit and
investigations.

156
 ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
25% % 25% 50%

157
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 415 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: MANAGEMENT Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
ACCOUNTING I
Semester: THIRD SEMESTER Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Goal: To develop in the student the analytical and critical skills required to be able to device indicators of performance,
measure and evaluate management performance and provide accounting data for management control and decision
making.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand Management Accounting Theories and practices.

2.0 Understand Planning and Control Theory in Accounting.
3.0 Understand Budgets and Budgetary Control.
4.0 Understand Standard Costing Technique and Variance Accounting.
5.0 Know modern approach to Variance Accounting.
6.0 Know Cost and Profit Variances.

158
 PROGRAMME: HIGHER NATIONAL Code: ACC 415 Credit Hours: 60 hours
DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: MANAGEMENT Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
ACCOUNTING I
Semester THIRD SEMESTER Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand Management Accounting Theories and practices.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1.1 Define Management Accounting. - Introduce the subject Overhead Write on the objective Lead the Overhead
1.2 Explain the development of of management Projector management accounting, students to draw projector
accounting thoughts that led to the accounting using an its scope and status in an an organisation Charts
emergence of management organizational Chart organisation. chart depicting
accounting. chart. Differentiate between the management
1.3 State the purpose of management functions of management accounting
accounting. accounting and financial theory and
1.4 Describe the status of accounting. practice.
management accounting
department in an organization.
1.5 Distinguish between management
accounting and financial
accounting.
General Objective 2: Understand Planning and Control Theory in Accounting.
2.1 Define Planning and Control. - Demonstrate the Overhead Describe planning, Guide students Overhead
2.2 Explain Planning, Control and Planning and Control Projector control and decision in recognising projector
decision making functions of functions in making functions of planning, Graphs

159
 Management. Management Worked management. control and
2.3 List the accounting information - Illustrate standard examples State the effects of decision
requirements for planning, control setting through learning curve on making process.
and decision-making. appropriate Graphs standard setting. Show effect of
2.4 Explain feedback open and close examples. learning curve
loop control system. - Show the effect of on standard
2.5 State different types of standards. learning curve on setting
2.6 Explain the Principles, Procedures standard setting graphically.
and the Practice of Setting graphically.
Performance Standards.
2.7 Explain the effects of learning
curve on standard setting.
2.8 Explain the behavioural aspects of
standard costing and budgeting.
General Objective 3: Understand Budgets and Budgetary Control.
3.1 Describe the concepts and - Demonstrate budget Overhead Prepare and use Illustrate budget Overhead
practice of budgeting. concepts Projector functional budgets, preparation with projector
3.2 Explain the administration and planning. master budget, fixed and examples.
budgetary control, the budget - Illustrate: flexible budgets for Guide students Budgeting
committee and budget manual. (a) Fixed budget at the planning and control to use prepared software
3.3 Explain budget period. Planning stage. purposes. budgets for packages
3.4 Identify the principal budget (b) Flexible budget as Differentiate zero based planning and
factors or key factors and limiting a control budget from rolling control
factors. mechanism. budget. purposes.
3.5 Prepare functional budgets and - Emphasise the human
master budgets. aspects in
3.6 Prepare fixed (Slatis) budget and budgeting.
flexible budgets.
3.7 Explain budget centers and
responsibility accounting.
3.8 Describe aspiration lured and
dysfunctional behaviour
(budgetary slack).
3.9 Describe participative Budgeting.
3.10 Explain zero base budgeting.

160
3.11 State the effectiveness of zero
base budgeting.
3.12 Explain rolling budgets.
General Objective 4: Understand Standard Costing Technique and Variance Accounting.
4.1 Explain the analysis, significance, - Prepare operating Overhead Prepare and analyse all Lead students in Computer
presentation and investigation of statement based on Projector forms of variances for the preparation software
variance and sub-variances. standard costing and materials, labour, and analysis of packages
4.2 Prepare standard Cost Card. reconcile budget Worked overheads, sales and the various Overhead
4.3 Prepare Income Statements profit with the actual examples profit. variances. projector
(operating statement) based on profit. Divide students
standard costs. - Illustrate the into groups and
4.4 Investigate, interpret and report variances which are assign practical
variances. significant to be examples from
4.5 Explain the principle of reported. various sectors
management by exception. of the economy.
4.6 State the uses of exceptional
reporting.
4.7 Apply quantitative analysis to
variance accounting.
General Objective 5: Know modern approach to variance accounting.
5.1 Explain the short comings of - Explain how Overhead As above As above
traditional cost variances. operating variance Projector
5.2 Prepare operating (Operational) (opportunity cost
and Planning variances using Ex- approach) assist to
post and Ex-ante find substitutes for
standards/budgets. scarce resources.
5.3 State the merits of operating and - Explain how planning
planning variances in a period of variances
inflation. pinpoint planning
5.4 Explain the disposition of defects of the
variances. management.
General Objective 6: Know Cost and Profit Variances.
6.1 Explain material mix and yield - Cite appropriate As above As above
variances. examples from
6.2 Prepare sales mix and sales manufacturing

161
 quantity variances. industries e.g. feed,
6.3 State the limitations of profit pharmaceutical
variances. companies, paint
companies etc.

`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
30% % 30% 40%

162
PROGRAMME: ND BUSINESS ADMIN AND Credit Hours: 30 hours
MANAGEMENT Code: BAM 418
Course: SMALL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 50 %
Practical: 1 hours/week - 50 %
Semester: THREE

Course main Aim/Goal

To provide the student with the basic knowledge on the various tools used in the management of small-scale businesses.

General Objectives:
1. Understand the nature of small-scale enterprises.
2. Understand the legal framework for small-scale enterprises.
3. Understand the role of governments in small-scale enterprises in Nigeria
4. Understand Business plan for a small-scale business enterprise.
5. Understand marketing management in a small business enterprise
6. Understand the general concept of production management
7. Know human capital needs for an enterprise
8. Understand the financing of small business enterprises
9. Understand financial management in a small business enterprise
10. Understand credit control in small business enterprises.

163
Theoretical Content Practical Content
General Objective 1: Understand the nature of small scale enterprises.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Activities Resources
Week
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes
1.1 Define the range and scope of a Explain range, scope and Text Books Explain range, scope Select a small business Internet and
small business. importance of a small - Journals and importance of a enterprise and indicate relevant
1.2 Explain the importance of a small
scale business. - small scale business. its signs of success and websites
business. ii. Explain types of Publications ii. Explain types of failures.
1.3 Describe the problems associatedbusinesses that could be businesses that could Use case studies based Guest speaker
with small business operations. run on small scale, be run on small on local organizations. on small
1.4 Describe types of businesses that
their associated scale, their associated businesses
could be run on a small scale. problems and signs of problems and signs of
1.5 Describe the merits and demeritsfailure during failure during
of being self-employed operations. operations.
1.6 .Identify the starting problems iii. Explain wage
and signs of failure of a small employment and self
business employment.
iv. Explain the merits
and demerits of self
employment.
General Objective 2: Understand the legal framework for small scale business

2.1 Explain the types of business Explain the types of Text Books Explain legal Use CAMB to explain Internet and
organization. business organization - Journals formation and the regulatory frame relevant
2.2 Identify the legal form of ii. Explain legal -Publications regulatory work of small business. websites
business. formation and regulatory status of small
2.3 Describe the environmental status of small business. business. Group work to set up a
factors of business – law of sales, iii. Explain Explain the small business – realistic
licenses, failure signs, etc. environmental factors of environmental factors scenarios
2.4 Explain regulatory status and business. of business. Use of relevant
formation of small business. documentation taken
from the internet.

164
General Objective 3: Understand the role of government in small scale enterprises in Nigeria

3.1 Explain government policies for Explain government Text Books Identify government Evaluate the Internet and
small enterprises development. policies for small - Journals policies and their contributions of the relevant
3.2 Explain the effects of enterprises - effects on small scale promoting bodies (IDC, websites
government policies on direct development and effects Publications business. NASA, NERFUND,
and indirect assistance to small of the policies on direct NDE, NAPEP etc to the
businesses and indirect assistance Identify and explain growth of small business
3.3 State the role of the following to these enterprises. beneficiaries of the in Nigeria.
institutions in promoting small ii.Explain the following bodies. Promotion
enterprises institutions andtheir SME in Nigeria.
a) Industrial Development roles in promoting small
Centre (IDC) scale enterprises.
b) State Ministries of - IDC, State Ministries
Commerce and Industries. of Commerce,
c) State Export Promotion State Export
Committees. Promotion Committees,
d) Centre for Management CMD, NDE,
Development (CMD) NAPPEP, CIRD
e) National Directorate of NERFUND
Employment (NDE) NACRDB, NEPC
f) NAPPEP NASSI, NASME, etc
g) CIRD iii) Give assignment
h) NERFUND
i) NACRDB, NEPC
3.4 NASSI, NASME, etc
General Objective 4: Understand business plan for a small business enterprise

4.1 Explain business plan. . Explain business Plan, Text Books Identify business Use Web based Internet and
4.2 Explain the purpose of business its purpose and - Journals plan. information to determine relevant
plan components from - Publications a plan for a business websites
4.3 Identify the components of a project development - Entrepreneur Identify how to proposal.
business plan from project to project cost. plan in small
development up to project cost. ii. Explain steps in business. Working in pairs to
4.4 State the necessary steps in carrying out financial develop a relevant

165
 carrying out financial analysis analysis and planning Formulate a business plan.
and planning for a small business
for a small business. business plan for
4.5 Compare personal goal and iii.Explain personal a particular Refer to business
business goals. goals and business project. planning information on
4.6 Identify influences of family goals. the internet
goals in business goals iv.Explain influences of
family goals an Presentations of the
business goals. plans and justification of
v. Invite a successful the goals
entrepreneur to give
a talk.
vi. Conduct a test.
General Objective 5: Understand marketing management in small business enterprises

5.1 Understand the basic concept of Explain basic concepts of - Text Books Identify the Use internet to identify Internet and
marketing. marketing. - Journals process of the marketing needs of relevant
5.2 Identify the steps in conducting ii. Explain steps in - Publications conducting a small business websites
market surveys to determine conducting marketing - Product marketing enterprises.
demand and supply for particular survey to determine demand Posters survey.
products. and supply for particular
5.3 Identify markets for specific products. Identify
products. iii. Explain how to identify appropriate
5.4 Identify channels of distribution markets for specific training
for a selected product or service. products. strategies for
5.5 Explain the promotional and iv. Explain channels of products
sales activities for a selected distribution for a selected produced on a
product or service product or service. small scale.
Explain appropriate pricing strategies v.Explain promotional and
sales activities for a selected
product or service
vi. Explain appropriate
pricing strategies

166
General Objective 6: Understand the general concepts of production management

6.1 Explain the basic concepts of i. Explain the basic - Text Books Identify Use web based Internet and
production concepts of production - Journals appropriate information to identify relevant
6.2 Explain choice of appropriate ii. Explain choice of - Publications technology for appropriate technology websites
technology appropriate - Business different types And machinery.
6.3 Identify types and sources of technology establishment of SME.
machinery and equipment. iii. Explain types and Case Study on the
6.4 Explain the installed capacity. sources of machinery Identify sources location of industry and
6.5 Explain the utilized capacity. and equipment, their of machinery factory layout Group
6.6 Identify sources of raw materials. installed and utilized and material work and reference to
6.7 Describe factory location and capacity. from the relevant web sites
factors in the selection of site. iv. Explain sources of internet.
6.8 Describe factory layout. raw materials.
6.9 Explain plant and machinery v. Explain factory Identify
maintenance. location, its layout appropriate
6.10 Explain Plan and scheduling. and safety measures. locations and
6.11 Explain quality control issues. vi. Explain Plant and their problems
6.12 Explain factory safety measures. machinery maintenance. for SMES
6.13 Identify problems of production vii. Explain plan and
in the Nigerian situation. scheduling.
6.14 Explain how to cope with viii. Explain quality
production problems in Nigeria. control.
ix. Explain problems of
production in the
Nigerian situation
and how to cope with
them.
x. Organise a field trip
to a successful
small business
establishment.

167
General Objective 7: Know human capital needs for an enterprise

7.1 Identify human capital needs for Explain human capital - Text Books Identify the Guide students to Internet and
an enterprise. management - Journals recruitment prepare organizational relevant
7.2 Explain recruitment procedures. and its needs for small - Publication compensation charts for SME and how websites
7.3 Explain need for training of business enterprises. - Cardboard and training to forecast their
workers. ii. Explain recruitment procedures of employment needs.
7.4 Explain how to motivate workers. procedures workers in
7.5 Explain how to compensate iii. Explain need for SMES.
workers. training of workers.
7.6 Explain organization of work iv. Explain how to Identify
force, organizational chart. motivate. and problems of
7.7 Explain problems of human compensate workers human capital
capital management in small v. Explain organization management and
business enterprises. of work force. how to solve
7.8 Explain how to cope with vi. Guide students to them in SMEs
the problems of human prepare
capital management. organizational,
chart for a small
business enterprise.
vii. Explain problems of
human capital
management in small
business enterprises and
how to cope with them.

General Objective 8: Understand the financing of small business enterprises

8.1 Estimate the capital needs of a Explain sources of - Text Books Prepare a From one the Internet and
selected small business. capital and how to - Journals financing plan. beneficiaries of the relevant
8.2 State sources of finance for small estimate needed - Publications institutions handling websites
business. capital for a small Identify various SME, describe the
8.3 Explain the roles of specialized business. sources of funds learning outcomes.
institutions in financing small Explain short-term and and their costs.
businesses. long term credits and

168
8.4 Explain how to source short-term their sources. Describe how to
and long-term credits Explain the roles of approach
specialized institutions tenders.
8.5 Explain the various reasons for in financing small
borrowing. businesses in the areas
8.6 Describe costs of borrowing with of:
some examples. a) Provision of
8.7 Explain how to approach lenders. SME equity.
Explain reasons for financial plans. b) Provision of
term loan
opportunities
for SMEs
investment
schemes.
c) Provision of
working capital
facility for
SMEs
d) Financing
SMEs through
leasing.
e) Financing
SMEs for non-
oil export.
f) Financing
SMEs through
the capital
market.
g) General
requirements/co
nditions for
market
financial
assistance to
SMEs
iv. Explain various

169
 reasons for borrowing.
v. With some
examples, explain cost
of
borrowing.
vi. Explain reasons for
financial plan and
how to approach a
lender

General Objective 9: Understand financial management of small business enterprises

Explain the need for sound financial Explain the need for Text Books Describe the Guide students to Internet and
management in small business. sound financial - Journals various records prepare the records, relevant
9.2 Prepare the basic financial management in - Publications require to extract key financial websites
records required for small small businesses - Formats of operate SME’s statements to determine
business enterprises and their ii. Explain basic Prime books BEP, loss or gain.
operation. financial records of accounts. Describe key
9.3 Explain preparation of key iii. Explain key financial
financial statements – cash flow, financial statements. statements and
profit and loss account and iv. Explain how to prepare a
balance sheet. depreciation. depreciation
9.4 Explain preparation of v. Explain gross margin schedule.
depreciation schedule. and net profit and
9.5 Explain how to determine gross break-even-point Use appropriate
margin and net profit. (BEP). application
9.6 Explain preparation of loan vi. Explain the various packages to do
repayment schedule types of loan amortization.
(AMORTIZATION) repayment and their
9.7 Explain how to determine break- application.
even-point (BEP). vii. Guide students to
9.8 Explain problem of financial prepare a depreciation
management in small enterprises. schedule for a
selected business,
extract its cash flow,

170
 profit and loss and
balance sheet to
determine its break –
even- point, gross
margin and net profit.
viii.Explain problems of
financial management
in small enterprises.
General Objective 10: Understand credit control in small business enterprises

Explain credit control i. Explain credit control - Text Books Identify how Identify the CS of credit. Internet and
10.2 Explain the various steps in ii. Explain the 3c’s of - Journals credits can be relevant
extending credits to customers. credit (character, - Publications extended to a Use internet to get websites
10.3 Identify sources of information capacity and small business information on credits
on credits. condition). man, sources
10.4 Explain consumer credit and iii.Explain where and and costs of the
credit cards. how to get information credits (s)
10.5 Explain reasons for credits to on credits.
small business enterprises. iv. Explain consumer Identify credits
10.6 Identify cost of credit credit and credit card. cards and
v. Explain reasons for reasons for
credit to small credits
business enterprises
and their costs.
vi.Conduct a test.
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio) %
50% 25% 25%
Competency: On completing the course, the student should be able to understand/estimate/define/etc….

171
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 416 Credit Hours: 45 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: Public Sector Accounting 2 Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 33%
Semester: 3 Practical: 2 hours/week - 67%

Goal: To enable the student acquire knowledge and understanding of fund accounting principles, legal basis and special accounting
concepts applicable in public sector financial management

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, student should be able to:

1.0 Understand bookkeeping and accounting processes in the government.

2.0 Understand Treasury Control Accounting System.
3.0 Understand preparation of Final Account.
4.0 Understand preparation and conditions for granting pension and gratuity.
5.0 Understand stores accounting and control.
6.0 Understand Board of Survey and Board of Enquiry.
7.0 Understand accounts of non-profit making organizations and parastatals.
8.0 Understand analysis for decision in the public sector.

172
 PROGRAMME: HIGHER NATIONAL Code: ACC 416 Credit Hours: 45hours
DIPLOMA IN ACCOUNTANCY
Course: Public Sector Accounting 2 Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 33%
Semester: 3 Practical: 2 hours/week - 67%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective: 1.0: Understand bookkeeping and accounting processes in the government.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1-2 1.1 Explain the various kinds of - Demonstrate entries in the 1. Cashbook, List various books of Ask the Computer
accounting books kept (cashbook, cash book, vote book, account kept in students to Financial
vote book, journals ledgers etc.) vote book, Journals, journals, government. code into heads Regulations
in government. Ledger accounts ledger etc. State the structure of and sub heads. Vote book
1.2 Explain the uses of the various etc. government accounting Ask the Ledgers etc.
books. - Show coding system. 2. Financial system. students to
1.3 Explain the ledger system for - Enumerate documents and Regulations. Post entries into cash present
revenue and expenditure. information needed for book, vote book, documents and
1.4 Explain the accounting structure salary 3. Standard journals and ledgers. information
of government. preparation. Publications required for
1.5 State the advantages of coding - Demonstrate salary on salary
system. preparation the preparation.
1.6 Explain government accounting showing necessary subject.
processes. columns.
1.7 Explain payroll preparation. 4.
1.8 Explain the system of checking Computers/C
accounting accuracy. alculators.

173
 General Objective: 2.0: Understand Treasury Control Accounting System.
3- 4 2.1 Explain the following: - Highlights the Outline Treasury Ask the Financial
(i) Self-Accounting Unit, characteristics of 1. Financial Control system of students to Regulations
(ii) Sub-self Accounting Unit and Self-Accounting, Sub- Regulations. accounting. prepare bank Calculators
(iii) Non-self Accounting Unit. Self State the procedures reconciliation
2.2 Describe Treasury Control Accounting and Non- 2. Standard for the preparation of statement and Computer
System of Accounting. Self Accounting Publications transcripts, bank transcripts. Spreadsheets
2.3 Explain the relationship between Units. on reconciliation statement
the - Outline the divisions and the and Federation
Sub-Treasury and Treasury functions of subject. Account.
Headquarters. the Treasury. Sketch the divisions
2.4 Identify the different sections of - Demonstrate Transcript 3. and outline the
the treasury and their functions. preparation Computers/C functions of the
2.5 Explain preparation of with necessary columns. alculators. Treasury.
Departmental Vote and - Show format and
Expenditure Allocation Book example of Bank
(DVEA). Reconciliation
2.6 Explain the procedure for the Statement.
preparation of Transcripts. - Demonstrate cash books
2.7 Explain preparation of Petty and with
main cashbook and Revenue necessary columns.
collectors’ cashbook.
2.8 Explain the procedures in the
preparation of Bank
Reconciliation Statement.
2.9 Explain the preparation of
Federation Account.
General Objective: 3.0: Understand preparation of Final Accounts.
5-8 3.1 Explain the process of collecting - With the aid of diagram 1. Financial Prepare Final Account. Guide the Financial
all necessary data for inclusion in and necessary Regulations. Prepare Statutory students to Regulations
final accounts. format, show final Financial Statements present Publications
3.2 Explain the collation of transcripts accounts of 2. Standard for Federal, State and graphically the
and preparation of Trial Balance. different levels of Publications Local Government. format of Final Computer
3.3 Describe the process of preparing government. on the Analyse and interpret Accounts for Spreadsheets
final account. - Highlight methods of subject. Government financial Federal, State

174
 3.4 Explain preparation of Statutory interpretation. statement. and Local
Financial Statements: 3. government.
(a) Federal and state Computers/Ca List methods of
governments; lculator. interpreting
(i) Consolidated Revenue Government
Fund. Financial
(ii) Development Fund. Statement
(iii) Statement of Assets and
Liabilities.
(b) Local Government.
(i) Income and Expenditure
Account.
(ii) Statement of Assets and
Liabilities.
3.5 Explain other statements as
required by government.
3.6 Describe Annual Report of the
Accountant General.
3.7 Prepare an interpretation of
government financial statements.
General Objective: 4.0: Understand preparation and conditions for granting pension and gratuity.
9 4.1 Explain Pension and Gratuity. - Outline conditions for 1. Standard Write on the conditions Ask the Financial
4.2 Explain current trend in pension granting Publications for granting pension students to list Regulations
scheme. pension and gratuity. on and gratuity. the conditions Calculators
4.3 Identify conditions for granting - Show preparation of the subject. Prepare schedule for for granting
pension and gratuity. pension and pension and gratuity. pension and Computer
4.4 Explain statutory rates and the gratuity with relevant 2. gratuity. spreadsheets
preparation of pension and examples. Calculators. Direct the
gratuity. students to
3. prepare
Computers/Ca pension and
lculators. gratuity
schedule.

175
 General Objective: 5.0: Understand Stores Accounting and Control.
10 5.1 Define Stores. - Show classification and Outline the functions Illustrate Financial
5.2 Explain Allocated and examples of 1. Financial and responsibilities of a graphically the Regulations
Unallocated Stores. government stores. Regulations. store keeper. classification of Calculators
5.3 Describe Stores Ledger Bin - Enumerate the functions Prepare stores ledger government
Card and other Store Forms and 2. Standard and bin card. stores. Computer
and Books in general use. responsibilities of Publications Direct the spreadsheets
5.4 State the responsibilities and storekeepers. on students to
functions of storekeepers. - Show preparation of the prepare stores
5.5 Explain acquisition, custody stores ledger and subject. ledger and bin
and control of stocks. bin card. card.
5.6 Explain requisition, issues and 3.
valuation of stores. Computers/C
5.7 Prepare Stores ledger and bin alculators.
card.
General Objective: 6.0: Understand Board of Survey and Board of Enquiry.
11 6.1 Define Board of Survey. State the composition of Guide the Statutory
6.2 Explain types of survey. - Highlight the need for 1. Financial Board of Survey and students on Regulations
6.3 Describe composition of the Board of Regulations. Board of Inquiry. how to prepare Financial
Board of Survey. Survey and Enquiry. Prepare a Board a Board of Regulations
6.4 Explain procedure for the survey 2. Standard report. Inquiry or
and preparation of Board of Publications Survey report. Word
Surveys Report. on Ask the processor
6.5 Define Board of Enquiry. the subject. students to
6.6 State the circumstances under state the
which a Board of inquiry may be 3. Statutory circumstances
set up. legislations. warranting
6.7 Describe composition of the setting up a
Board of Enquiry and the Board of
procedure for the conduct of Inquiry.
Enquiry.
6.8 Explain the preparation and
contents of the Board’s report.
6.9 Prepare a Board report.

176
 General Objective: 7.0: Understand accounts of non-profit making organizations and parastatals.
12 - 13 7.1 Describe non-profit making Identify the distinction Guide the Statute
organizations e.g. government - Highlight the nature and 1. Relevant between non-profit students to Relevant
educational institutions, hospitals, basis Laws making organisations prepare final journals, books
charitable and regulations of accounting for non- governing and parastatals in accounts of etc.
organizations, boards, agencies profit making the relation to their sources non-profit Computers
etc. organization and operation of of revenue and nature making spreadsheets
7.2 Describe parastatals e.g. parastatals, revenue non-profit of expenditure. organisations Calculators
government institutions, Public and expenditure. making Prepare financial e.g. receipt and
Corporations etc. organizations. reports of non-profit payments,
7.3 Explain financial provisions in - Show preparation of making organisation. income and
enabling laws for the relevant final accounts. 2. Standard expenditure,
bodies. publications balance sheet.
7.4 Identify their sources of revenue, on
nature of expenditure, assets and the subject.
liabilities.
7.5 Explain preparation of the 3. Relevant
following financial reports: Journals,
(i) Receipt and Payment. Books of
(ii) Income and Expenditure. Accounts,
(iii) The Balance Sheet. Ledgers, etc.

4.
Computers/Ca
lculators.
General Objective: 8.0: Understand analysis for decision in the Public Sector.
14 - 15 8.1 Explain application of cost and - Explain pricing methods. 1. Financial Apply project appraisal Illustrate how Financial
management accounting Regulations. techniques for effective project Regulations
principles in governments and - Demonstrate project analysis of cost and appraisal Computers/
governmental bodies for: analysis with 2. Standard benefits in the public techniques are calculators
(i) budget examples. Publications sector. used in
(ii) pricing of services-fees and on Apply cost and analysing
levies. the subject. management projects.
(iii) pricing and negotiating accounting principles in Guide students
contracts. 3. government parastatals to illustrate

177
 (iv) reporting. Computers/Ca and public institutions how project
(v) evaluation of activities. lculators. for budget, evaluation appraisal
8.2 Explain Project Appraisal of activities, pricing of techniques are
applying: services and reporting. used in
(i) Cost Benefit Analysis. analysing
(ii) Cost Effectiveness Analysis. projects.
`
`
`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
30% % 30% 40%

178
PROGRAMME: HND Accountancy Code: OTM 422 Credit Hours: 4hours

Course: Business Communication II Pre-requisite: Business Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Semester: 3 Communication I Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Course main Aim/Goal: This course is intended to further improve the student’s level of proficiency and competence in language use,
consolidate his understanding of the principles and practice of written communication, and mastery of skills in use of English Language in
the various professions.

General Objectives:
1.0 Know how to construct good sentences.
2.0 Know how to reason applying the basic principle of logic.
3.0 Know how to write different types of essay.
4.0 Appreciate literature in English (Poetry).
5.0 Understand the principles and practice of written communication.
6.0 Comprehend more difficult reading materials.
7.0 Know the procedure for writing project reports.

179
Theoretical Content Practical Content
General Objective 1.0: Know how to construct good sentences.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Outcomes Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes
1 1.1 List the different types of Explain and illustrate the Relevant Construct sentences Guide and Relevant
sentences. different types of textbooks in evaluate textbooks in
sentences. English student’s English
Grammar. performance. Grammar.

1.2 Note the parts of a sentences. Explain and illustrate the As in 1.1 Write sentences As in 1.1 As in 1.1
parts of a sentence. above. showing parts. above. above.
1.3 Note various tenses. Explain and illustrate As in 1.2 List the various tenses. Assess As in 1.2
tenses. above students’ above
tenses for
improvement.
1.4 Analyse types of concord. Explain concord using As in 1.3 Apply the rules of Assess As in 1.3
suitable examples.. Above concord in sentence students’
construction. sentences for
improvement.
General Objective 2.0: Know how to reason applying the basic principles of Logic.
2.1 Appreciate the concept of Explain the concept of Give examples of Assess the
logical thinking. logical thinking using logical thinking. logicality of
suitable examples. students’
statements.
Relevant
2.2 Appreciate the principles of Explain the basic Apply the principles of Assess the textbooks in
logic. principles of logic such logic to distinguish logicality of English
form, validity and facts from opinion. students’ Grammar
argument. statements

180
2.3 Note the premise and its role Explain the premise as a Apply the premise as a Guide the
in coming to conclusion. step towards the step toward the students in the Handouts
conclusion. conclusion. application.
2.4 Note the characteristics of Differentiate between Give examples of Guide students
inductive and deductive deductive and inductive deductive and in their
reasoning. reasoning using suitable inductive reasoning sentences.
examples. using suitable
sentences.
General Objective 3.0 Know how to write different types of essays.
3.1 List the different types of Explain the different Examples Analyse the Guide and
essay. types of essay showing characteristics of each correct their Handouts
the characteristics of each Handouts type of essay. defects in
type. their analysis.

3.2 List the logical orders of Explain the logical orders Model essays Write essays based on Grade Model essays
presenting different types of presentation eg. from the following – students from
of essay. Chronological, spatial, distinguished expository, performance distinguished
general to –specific, authors. augmentative, etc. using authors.
specific-to-general, appropriate
alternation inductive,
criteria.
deductive, etc.
General Objective 4.0: Appreciate literature in English (Poetry).
4.1 List the genres of literature. Explain the term Textbooks
literature and list the
genres of literature.

181
 4.1 Note the terminologies of Explain the terminology Textbooks a. Analyse given Guide their Handouts
poetry. of poetry eg rhyme, poems, identify the performance.
rhythm, enjambment, etc terminologies. Selected
b. Answer essay literature
questions on
poetry.

General Objective 5.0: Understand the principles and practice of written communication.
5.1 List the principles of writing a Explain the principles of
letter. letter writing using Textbooks
suitable examples.

5.2 List the components of a Explain the components Samples of Write following types Guide the Example of
business letter. of a business letter. different types of letter: Application, students in written letters
of business appointment, writing the
correspond- appreciation, collation, business handouts
dence. query, complaint, letters.
congratulation,
enquiry, follow-up,
introduction,
invitation, order, sales,
transmittal.
5.3 List envelope formats. List and explain Examples Address envelopes Evaluate Example
envelope formats eg using different students envelopes
common format, major formats. production.
parts, return address,
postage and mail
instructions, notation,
address block, zip code..

182
5.4 List the major part of a memo Explain major part of a Handouts Write a memo Guide the Handouts
memo eg confidential indicating major parts. students and
notation, headings, Textbooks assess the
message, identification correctness of
line, enclosure notation, their
copy-distribution production.
notation, postscript and
continuation page
heading.

General Objective 6.0: comprehend more difficult reading materials.

6.1 Read passages of expository Explain the sources of relevant texts. a. Differentiate Provide Argumentative
and argumentative writing. difficulty in expository between facts and appropriate passages,
and argumentative opinion. passages. Expositing
writing/passages. passages.
b. Answer questions
on passages read.

General Objectiv
e 7.0: Know the procedure for writing project reports.

7.1 List the characteristics of a Explain the Textbooks Group discussion on Provide Materials and
project report. characteristics of a characteristics of materials for handouts
project report, viz part, project report. group
format, style, etc discussion.

183
7.2 Note the methods of Explain the methods of Textbooks
gathering data. gathering data from
primary and secondary
sources.
7.3 Note the procedure for Explain the procedure for Textbook (a) Select a suitable Guide the Example of
writing a project report. writing a project report. topic for a project students in project reports
Handouts report. selecting.
(b) Write an outline of Handouts
Assess the
a project report.
quality of
(c) Use reference production and
materials for provide
gathering data. correction.
(d) Use appropriate
citation and
documentation
styles.
(e) Write a project
report.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
% % % %
25 25 50

184
PROGRAMME: HND Accountancy Code: OTM 412 Credit Hours: 4hours

Course: Business Communication II Pre-requisite: Business Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Semester: 3 Communication I Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Course main Aim/Goal: This course is intended to further improve the student’s level of proficiency and competence in language use,
consolidate his understanding of the principles and practice of written communication, and mastery of skills in use of English Language in
the various professions.

General Objectives:
1.0 Know how to construct good sentences.
2.0 Know how to reason applying the basic principle of logic.
3.0 Know how to write different types of essay.
4.0 Appreciate literature in English (Poetry).
5.0 Understand the principles and practice of written communication.
6.0 Comprehend more difficult reading materials.
7.0 Know the procedure for writing project reports.

185
Theoretical Content Practical Content
General Objective 1.0: Know how to construct good sentences.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Outcomes Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes
1 1.5 List the different types of Explain and illustrate the Relevant Construct sentences Guide and Relevant
sentences. different types of textbooks in evaluate textbooks in
sentences. English student’s English
Grammar. performance. Grammar.

1.6 Note the parts of a sentences. Explain and illustrate the As in 1.1 Write sentences As in 1.1 As in 1.1
parts of a sentence. above. showing parts. above. above.
1.7 Note various tenses. Explain and illustrate As in 1.2 List the various tenses. Assess As in 1.2
tenses. above students’ above
tenses for
improvement.
1.8 Analyse types of concord. Explain concord using As in 1.3 Apply the rules of Assess As in 1.3
suitable examples.. Above concord in sentence students’
construction. sentences for
improvement.
General Objective 2.0: Know how to reason applying the basic principles of Logic.
2.1 Appreciate the concept of Explain the concept of Give examples of Assess the
logical thinking. logical thinking using logical thinking. logicality of
suitable examples. students’
statements.
Relevant
2.2 Appreciate the principles of Explain the basic Apply the principles of Assess the textbooks in
logic. principles of logic such logic to distinguish logicality of English
form, validity and facts from opinion. students’ Grammar
argument. statements

186
2.5 Note the premise and its role Explain the premise as a Apply the premise as a Guide the
in coming to conclusion. step towards the step toward the students in the Handouts
conclusion. conclusion. application.
2.6 Note the characteristics of Differentiate between Give examples of Guide students
inductive and deductive deductive and inductive deductive and in their
reasoning. reasoning using suitable inductive reasoning sentences.
examples. using suitable
sentences.
General Objective 3.0 Know how to write different types of essays.
3.3 List the different types of Explain the different Examples Analyse the Guide and
essay. types of essay showing characteristics of each correct their Handouts
the characteristics of each Handouts type of essay. defects in
type. their analysis.

3.4 List the logical orders of Explain the logical orders Model essays Write essays based on Grade Model essays
presenting different types of presentation eg. from the following – students from
of essay. Chronological, spatial, distinguished expository, performance distinguished
general to –specific, authors. augmentative, etc. using authors.
specific-to-general, appropriate
alternation inductive,
criteria.
deductive, etc.
General Objective 4.0: Appreciate literature in English (Poetry).
4.1 List the genres of literature. Explain the term Textbooks
literature and list the
genres of literature.

187
 4.2 Note the terminologies of Explain the terminology Textbooks a. Analyse given Guide their Handouts
poetry. of poetry eg rhyme, poems, identify the performance.
rhythm, enjambment, etc terminologies. Selected
b. Answer essay literature
questions on
poetry.

General Objective 5.0: Understand the principles and practice of written communication.
5.5 List the principles of writing a Explain the principles of
letter. letter writing using Textbooks
suitable examples.

5.6 List the components of a Explain the components Samples of Write following types Guide the Example of
business letter. of a business letter. different types of letter: Application, students in written letters
of business appointment, writing the
correspond- appreciation, collation, business handouts
dence. query, complaint, letters.
congratulation,
enquiry, follow-up,
introduction,
invitation, order, sales,
transmittal.
5.7 List envelope formats. List and explain Examples Address envelopes Evaluate Example
envelope formats eg using different students envelopes
common format, major formats. production.
parts, return address,
postage and mail
instructions, notation,
address block, zip code..

188
5.8 List the major part of a memo Explain major part of a Handouts Write a memo Guide the Handouts
memo eg confidential indicating major parts. students and
notation, headings, Textbooks assess the
message, identification correctness of
line, enclosure notation, their
copy-distribution production.
notation, postscript and
continuation page
heading.

General Objective 6.0: comprehend more difficult reading materials.

6.2 Read passages of expository Explain the sources of relevant texts. a. Differentiate Provide Argumentative
and argumentative writing. difficulty in expository between facts and appropriate passages,
and argumentative opinion. passages. Expositing
writing/passages. passages.
b. Answer questions
on passages read.

General Objectiv
e 7.0: Know the procedure for writing project reports.

7.1 List the characteristics of a Explain the Textbooks Group discussion on Provide Materials and
project report. characteristics of a characteristics of materials for handouts
project report, viz part, project report. group
format, style, etc discussion.

189
7.2 Note the methods of Explain the methods of Textbooks
gathering data. gathering data from
primary and secondary
sources.
7.4 Note the procedure for Explain the procedure for Textbook (a) Select a suitable Guide the Example of
writing a project report. writing a project report. topic for a project students in project reports
Handouts report. selecting.
(b) Write an outline of Handouts
Assess the
a project report.
quality of
(c) Use reference production and
materials for provide
gathering data. correction.
(d) Use appropriate
citation and
documentation
styles.
(e) Write a project
report.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
% % % %
25 25 50

190
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 421 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: Advanced Financial Accounting 3 Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
Semester: 4 Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Goal: This course is designed to enable the students be abreast with the principles, current professional ethics, and methods
governing the preparation of financial statements for groups, companies, associated companies and specialized
organisations.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, the students should be able to:-

1.0 Understand the principles of group accounts.

2.0 Understand the principles of consolidation.

3.0 Understand the treatment of part-ownership and minority interests in group accounts.

4.0 Understand the treatment of goodwill on consolidation.

5.0 Know the preparation of accounts relating to Capital Reserve arising from consolidation.

6.0 Know the treatment of Pre-Acquisition and Post-Acquisition reserves.

7.0 Understand the treatment of preference share capital.

191
8.0 Know the treatment of Intra-Groups Balances.

9.0 Know the treatment of Dividends in group accounts.

10.0 Know the treatment of piecemeal acquisitions.

11.0 Know the preparation of accounts for Fellow Subsidiaries.

12.0 Know the preparation of accounts for subsidiaries.

13.0 Understand the preparation of consolidated profit and loss Account.

14.0 Know the treatment of associated companies in consolidated Accounts.

15.0 Understand the treatment of Disposal of Subsidiaries in Consolidated Accounts.

16.0 Understand business combinations acquisition and merger account

17.0 Know the preparation of accounts for international groups and consortiums (i.e. overseas operations)

18.0 Understand Principles and Applications of Professional Ethics.

19.0 Understand Information Technology in Accounting Environment

192
 PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 421 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: : Advanced Financial Accounting 3 Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
Semester: 4 Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand the principles of group accounts
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1 1.1 Define Group Account. - Use the Annual reports of CAAIA 1-19 Lead the Examples
1.2 Explain the meaning of some 1990 Prepare Group students to Computer
‘subsidiary’ and ‘Associated companies to illustrate the SAS 1 Accounts. prepare and software
Company’. forms and Consolidate Group consolidate package.
1.3 Explain the different forms of disclosure requirements Accounts. group accounts
group accounts. relating to Compute goodwill manually and Spreadsheets
1.4 State the reasons for Group group accounts. arising out of electronically.
Accounts. consolidation.
1.5 Outline the statutory disclosure
requirements in respect of group
Accounts.
1.6 Outline the conditions under
which exemptions from
application of Consolidated
Accounts may be granted.
General Objective: 2.0: Understand the principles of Consolidation.
1 2.1 Explain the basic purpose of Worked As above As above As above
consolidations. - Work through some examples

193
 2.2 Explain the steps involved in examples.
consolidations
(i.e. substitution of the holding
company’s net
investment in a subsidiary by the
net assets of
the subsidiary).
2.3 Explain consolidation with
respect to a newly formed wholly
owned subsidiary.
2.4 Prepare consolidated balance
sheet with a newly formed wholly
owned subsidiary.
General Objective: 3.0: Understand the treatment of Part-ownership and Minority Interest.
2 3.1 Prepare consolidation balance Worked As above As above As above
sheet with respect to acquisition - Illustrate by the use of examples
of only part of the subsidiary’s charts or tables.
share capital.
3.2 Define minority interests.
3.3 Prepare consolidated balance
sheet depicting a situation with
minority interests.
General Objective: 4.0: Understand the treatment of Goodwill on Consolidation.
2 4.1 Define the term Goodwill on Worked As above As above As above
consolidation. examples
4.2 Explain why “Goodwill” is
relevant to group accounts cost of
control.
4.3 Explain how Goodwill is
presented on the consolidated
balance sheet.
General Objective: 5.0: Know the preparation of Accounts relating to Capital Reserves Arising from Consolidation.
2 5.1 Define Capital Reserves. - Outline the legal uses of Worked As above As above As above
5.2 Explain how capital reserves is each type of examples
presented on the consolidated reserve.

194
 balance sheet.
General Objective: 6.0: Know the treatment of Pre-Acquisition and Post Acquisition Reserves..
2 6.1 Define Pre-Acquisition Reserves. - Outline the different Worked As above As above As above
6.2 Define Post-Acquisition Reserves. applications of examples
6.3 Outline the adjustments necessary the reserves.
in respect of pre-acquisition
reserves.
6.4 Outline the adjustments necessary
in respect of post-acquisition
reserves.
General Objective: 7.0: Understand the treatment of Preference Shares.
3 7.1 Explain why preference - Explain the difference Worked As above As above As above
shareholding does not affect between examples
control. preference shareholders
7.2 Explain that “where the purchase and ordinary
cot of preference shares is lower shareholders .
than or higher than its nominal - Outline types of
value, the difference will affect preference shares.
Goodwill on consolidation”.
7.3 Explain why outside holding of
preference shares is part of
minority interests.
General Objective: 8.0: Know the treatment of Intra-Group Balances.
3 8.1 Explain what is meant by Intra- - Explain clearly the Worked As above As above As above
Group balances and why it is circumstances examples
necessary to eliminate them. giving rise to intra-group
8.2 Explain the treatment of Intra- transactions
group loans and Advances. and emphasis their
8.3 Explain the adjustments accessory relevance in the
for current account balances. presentation of group
8.4 Explain the adjustments necessary accounts.
for Debenture Stock of subsidiary
held by the holding company.
8.5 Explain what is done with bank
balances where one is debit

195
 balance and the other is an
overdraft.
8.6 Explain the treatment of bills of
exchange drawn by group
members on each other.
8.7 Explain the treatment in respect of
intra-group transfers of assets.
8.8 Explain the treatment of intra-
group sales of stock i.e. the
adjustments for unrealized profit.
General Objective: 9.0: Know the treatment of Dividends in Group Accounts.
4 9.1 Outline the major problems - Explain clearly the Worked As above As above As above
normally encountered with circumstances examples
dividends. giving rise to intra-group
9.2 Explain the treatment of dividends transactions
paid out of pre-acquisition profits. and emphasis their
9.3 Explain what happens where the relevance in the
subsidiary’s shares have been presentation of group
acquired Cum-Div or Ex-Div. accounts.
9.4 Explain what happens where the
holding company had anticipated
the subsidiary’s proposed
dividends.
9.5 Explain the treatment of dividend
when the subsidiary is acquired
during its accounting year.
`
General Objective: 10.0: Know the treatment of Piece Meal Acquisition.
5-6 10.1 Explain what is meant by piece Worked As above As above As above
meal acquisitions. examples
10.2 Explain the point at which
eventual control is achieved by
piecemeal acquisitions.
General Objective: 11.0: Know the Preparation of Accounts for Fellow Subsidiaries.

196
5-6 11.1 Define “Fellow subsidiaries”. - Mention the legal Worked As above As above As above
11.2 Prepare accounts involving provisions examples
fellow subsidiaries. regarding subsidiaries and
the
inclusion or exclusion
from the group
accounts.
`
General Objective: 12.0: Know the Preparation of Accounts for Subsidiaries.
5-6 12.1 Define sub-subsidiaries. - Mention the legal Worked As above As above As above
12.2 Prepare accounts involving sub- provisions examples
subsidiaries. regarding subsidiaries and
the
inclusion or exclusion
from the group
accounts.
General Objective: 13.0: Understand the preparation of Consolidated Profit and Loss Account.
5-6 13.1 Explain the object of consolidated - Use adequate illustrated Worked As above As above As above
profit and loss account. questions to examples
13.2 State the statutory requirements. emphasis the topic.
13.3 Prepare proforma consolidated
profit and loss account.
13.4 Explain the treatment of the
following:-
- Intergroup Sales.
- Depreciation arising from intra-
group transfers of fixed assets.
- Profit or loss arising from Intra-
group sales or fixed assets.
- Intra-group interest.
- Dividends.
- Minority interests.
- Extra ordinary items.
- Retained profits.
- Auditors Remuneration.
- Director’s emoluments.
13.5 Explain the procedure for the

197
 treatment of subsidiaries.
13.6 Explain the treatment of pre-and
post acquisition profits where a
subsidiary is acquired during the
accounting year.
General Objective: 14.0: Know the treatment of Associated Companies and Consolidated Accounts.
7 14.1 Define Associated Company. - Explain to the student how Worked As above As above As above
14.2 Explain the meaning of Equity income examples
Method of Accounting. from Associated
14.3 State the disclosure Companies are
requirements in respect of treated.
Associated Companies.
14.4 Explain the treatment of the - Show the derivative of
following:- retained profit.
- Income from Associated
Companies. - Explain extra ordinary
- Taxation items.
- Extra-ordinary items.
- Retained profit.
General Objective: 15.0: Understand the treatment of Disposal of Subsidiaries and Consolidated Accounts.
8 15.1 Identify the types of disposal - Show the effect of Worked As above As above As above
possible. disposal on the examples
15.2 Explain the treatment of sale of presentation of
total shareholding. consolidation account.
- in holding company’s
accounts.
- In consolidated accounts.
15.3 Explain the treatment of partial
disposals with retention of
control.
- in holding company’s
accounts.
- In consolidated accounts.
15.4 Explain the treatment of partial
disposal
without retention of control.

198
 General Objective: 16:0: Understand business Combination, Acquisition and Merger Accounting.
9, 10 and 16.1 Explain Acquisition Accounting - State the characteristics of Worked As above As above As above
11 in contradistinction to Merger acquisition examples
Accounting. accounting with graphical
16.2 State the characteristics of illustration.
Acquisition Accounting.
16.3 State the characteristics of - Make accounting entries
Merger Accounting. relating to
16.4 Identify the relative advantages acquisition and
and disadvantages of the reconstruction.
approaches.
16.5 Explain the criteria for selection
of methods.
16.6 Explain the accounting entries
relating to reconstruction
(internal and external) using
given scheme.
General Objective: 17:0: Know the preparation of Accounts for International Group and Consortium.
12 & 13 17.1 Define overseas operations. - Describe overseas Worked As above As above As above
17.2 Define foreign currency operations in detail. examples
operations.
17.3 Explain the need for - Prepare proto-type
translations. accounts of an
17.4 Identify the main problems of International Group of
translations. companies and
17.5 Identify possible exchange rates. make analyses of the
17.6 Explain the available translation entries.
methods.
17.7 Explain the contents and
recommendations of statement
of accounting standards No.7
(SAS 7)
17.8 Explain the treatment of
exchange differences.
General Objective: 18:0: Understand Principles and Applications of Professional Ethics.

199
14 18.1 Explain the nature of ethics of - Make a detailed Worked As above As above As above
accounting profession. explanation on the examples
18.2 Explain the concepts of effect of unethical
integrity, obligation, behaviour in
independence and public practice.
expectation.
18.3 Explain ethics and the social
responsibility of accountants.
18.4 Explain the consequences of
unethical behaviour on the
economy.
18.5 Outline the ethical dilemma and
their resolution.
General Objective: 19.: Understand Information Technology in Accounting Environment.
15 19.1 Explain Accounting System - Arrange visits to As above As above As above
development Companies with Personal
involving pre-packages complete accounting Computers.
accounting softwares. packages. Software
- Ensure that students are Packages
19.2 Explain the application of able to Transparenci
information development and communicate effectively es
information system design to with Overhead
solve accounting problems. Computers. Projector.
19.3 Explain the different packages
used in the processing of typical
business data.
19.4 Explain Network and Electronic
Data Transfer.
`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
25% % 25% 50%

200
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 422 Credit Hours: 45 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: Audit Practice & Assurance Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 67%
Services
Semester: 4 Practical: 1 hours/week - 33%

Goal: To give special attention to the application of auditing concepts, methodology and techniques used in audit judgment so as to
enable the student: handle and understand special audits and assurance services, and know the management of audit practice as well
as the workings of Local and International factors that affect the practice of auditing.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, the students should be able to:

1.0 Understand the development and operation of accounting standard and audit guidelines.
2.0 Understand the process of auditing corporate distress.
3.0 Understand the process of auditing public concerns.
4.0 Understand the management of audit practice and the concept of assurance services.
5.0 Understand the circumstances under which an auditor may become personally liable.
6.0 Understand the roles of ethic in the provision of audit services.
7.0 Understand the process required for auditing special types of organizations.
8.0 Understand the introduction, functions and operation of an internal audit department.
9.0 Understand the process of share transfer audits.

201
 PROGRAMME: HIGHER NATIONAL Code: ACC 422 Credit Hours: 45 hours
DIPLOMA IN ACCOUNTANCY
Course: Audit Practice & Assurance Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 67%
Services
Semester: 4 Practical: 1 hours/week - 33%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand the development and operation of Accounting Standards and Audit Guidelines
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1- 2 1.1 Explain accounting standards and - Explain the setting Relevant Write on the evolution Ask the SAS
auditing guidelines. process of Accounting Texts, of accounting standards students to Auditing
1.2 Trace the evolution and revolution Standards and Journals, and auditing guidelines. write on guidelines
of accounting standards and Auditing Guidelines. Standards evolution of Flipchart
auditing guidelines. and Auditing accounting
1.3 Describe the various bodies that Guidelines. standards and
regulate accounting standards and auditing
auditing guidelines locally and guidelines.
internationally.
1.4 Explain the various factors
militating against the
harmonization of guidelines
internationally such as lack of
legal backings, cultural
differences, etc.
1.5 Explain current exposure drafts

202
 with specific reference to those
produced in Nigeria.
General Objective: 2.0: Understand the process of auditing corporate distress.
3 - 4 2.1 Differentiate between - Use practical corporate Texts and Write on the process Lead the Constitutions
receivership, receiver distresses as Journals. for auditing students to Financial
manager, bankruptcy and illustrations to the organisations on write the Regulations
liquidation. students. receivership and/ or procedure and Financial
2.2 Explain the implications of liquidation. programmes Instruments
insolvency for governance and for auditing Public sector
going concern. some distressed auditing
2.3 Explain auditors responsibility in organisations. standards
relation to shareholders
information and participants right. Word
2.4 State the duties and organization processor
of the board of directors and the
management.
2.5 Explain the various systems of
checks and balances.
General Objective: 3.0: Understand the process of auditing public concerns.
5 - 6 3.1 Explain the theory and practice of - Use the constitution, Write on the procedure Direct the Constitutions
government accounting. Public Service Relevant for the audit of public students to Financial
3.2 Explain the appointment, and Rules and Financial Texts and sector accounts. write on the Regulations
functions of the Auditor-General Regulations with Journals. procedure for Financial
of the Federation, State and Local circulars issued from time auditing Instruments
Government. to time by accounts of Public sector
3.3 State the necessity of audit government. ministries, auditing
compliance with legislative and Local standards
related authorities. government
3.4 Explain the role of internal audit and some Word
department in the public sector. parastatals processor
3.5 State the nature of audits in the such as CBM,
public sector. FIRS, etc.
3.6 Explain the value for money
audit.
3.7 Explain the role of Public

203
 Accounts Committee in audit
process.
3.8 Explain the role of auditors in
probe panels and investigation of
fraud in the public sector.
3.9 Explain Board of Survey and their
functions.
3.10 Explain types of reports.
General Objective: 4.0: Understand the management of Audit Practice and Assurance Services.
7-8 4.1 Explain types of office and Write on the operations Take students Constitutions
facilities to be maintained. - Explain the concept of Relevant of audit practice. to Professional Financial
4.2 State what partners relationship assurance Texts and Accountants Regulations
should be. management. Journals. offices and Financial
4.3 Explain staff management direct them to Instruments
procedure. - Take students to write down Public sector
4.4 Explain the process of quality Professional their auditing
control. Accountants Offices. observations on standards
4.5 Describe the training required by the operations
the audit staff. - Give details on exhort is of such offices.
4.6 Define the underlying concept of referred to as
assurance engagement. expectation gap.
4.7 Explain quality control practices
and procedures.
4.8 Explain the rules and regulations
concerning advertising and
publicity, fees tendering,
engagement letters and
consultation.
4.9 State performance and reporting
standards.
4.10 Explain expectation gap as
required of
auditors.
4.11 State auditors responsibilities for
fraud

204
 searching, detection and
prevention, omissions,
misstatements and other
irregularities.
4.12 Explain negotiation skill required
of an auditor
for own office and on behalf of
clients.
General Objective: 5.0: Understand the circumstances under which an Auditor may become personally liable.
9 5.1 Explain the principles of civil - Explain civil liability and 5-6 Ask students to Wordprocessor
liability. state the Write on how auditors write on
5.2 Explain the various various circumstances may be professionally auditor’s
circumstances when an auditor leading to civil liable and how to liability and
may incur civil liability. liability criminal liability prevent it happening. prevention of
5.3 Explain criminal liability. State and liability Analyse civil and such.
the circumstances when an to third party. criminal liabilities of
auditor may incur criminal auditors.
liability.
5.4 Explain the auditors liability to
third parties.
5.5 Explain case laws.
General Objective: 6.0: Understand the roles of Ethics in the Provision of Audit Services.
10 6.1 Explain ethical standards. Understand the ethics of Written Word processor
6.2 Explain ethical code of conduct as - Use practical Relevant Text the auditing profession assignment
it affects: occurrences locally and Books and and their consequences discussing
- professional responsibility and internationally. Journals. for their work ethical issues
independence, confidentiality,
objectivity and conflict of
interest. SAS
6.3 Explain the relationship between
members
concerning joint engagements and
other
assurance services.

205
 General Objective: 7.0: Understand the process required for auditing special types of organisations.
11 - 12 7.1 Identify the auditing problems Write procedure for Direct students Wordprocessor
peculiar to small businesses. - Give students all the Books and auditing special types of to write on the
7.2 Describe solutions to mitigating statutory and Journals. organisations e.g. small procedures for
auditing problems peculiar to professional rules and businesses, professional auditing special
small businesses. regulations of firms etc. organisations.
7.3 Explain the type of accounts special organizations.
maintained by solicitors.
7.4 Explain the statutory and
professional requirements to be
maintained.
7.5 Identify the problems associated
with auditing solicitors accounts.
7.6 Proffer solutions to the problems
associated with solicitors
accounts.
7.7 State the problems peculiar to the
auditing of the accounts of
unincorporated bodies.
7.8 Proffer solutions to the problems
peculiar to auditing
unincorporated bodies.
7.9 Explain the processes of auditing
the accounts of unincorporated
bodies.
General Objective: 8.0: Understand the introduction, functions and operations of an Internal Audit Department.
13 - 14 8.1 Define internal audit. Write on the functions Assist students Wordprocessor
8.2 Distinguish between internal audit Take the students to an Books and of internal audit to write on the Flipchart
and internal control system. Internal Audit Journals. department. functions of
8.3 State the functions of internal Department. internal audit
audit department. dept.
8.4 Compare and contrast internal Take the
audit and statutory audit. students to an
8.5 Describe how an internal audit internal audit
department can be established. dept. to

206
 8.6 Explain why internal auditor’s observe its
independence is necessary. operation and
8.7 Explain how the internal auditor’s document such
independence is maintained. observations.
8.8 Explain special areas of internal
audit such as management audit,
cost audits, detection of errors and
frauds and ensuring laid down
systems are maintained by
management.
8.9 State the matters that the internal
auditor must include in his report.
8.10 Explain the role of the internal
audit in an
internal investigations.
General Objective: 9.0: Understand the process of share transfer and audit.
15 9.1 Define the term share transfer. - Explain the topics and Relevant Write on the process of Lead the Wordprocessor
9.2 Differentiate between share also Books and auditing share transfer. students to Flipchart
transfer and share transmissions. take the students to Journals. write on the
9.3 Explain the statutory requirements Registrar of some process of
for share transfers. companies. auditing share
9.4 Explain how other (e.g. through transfer.
the memorandum of association
etc) could be determined.
9.5 Explain and Tests for compliance
with statutory and other
requirements for the transfer of
shares.
9.6 Explain the process of share
transfer audit.
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ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
% % 30% 70%

207
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 423 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: Financial Management 2 Pre-requisite: ACC 413 Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
Semester: 4 Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Goal: The course is designed to enable the student acquire an in depth knowledge and understanding of
the management
processes of planning financial resources in a business enterprise.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, student should be able to:

1.0 Understand capital market financing and risk management.

2.0 Understand corporate restructuring, merger and acquisition.
3.0 Understand international finance management.
4.0 Understand corporate strategy.
5.0 Understand the impact of information and communication technology on financial management practice.

208
 PROGRAMME: HIGHER NATIONAL Code: ACC 423 Credit Hours: 60 hours
DIPLOMA IN ACCOUNTANCY
Course: Financial Management 2 Pre-requisite: ACC 413 Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
Semester: 4 Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand capital market financing and risk management.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1-4 1.1 Describe the following capital Describe the operations Organise Overhead
market institutions. - Describe capital market Overhead of the capital market students into projector
(a) The stock exchange. operations Projector. institutions – the Stock groups, lead Internet
(b) Issuing houses. with visual aides. Exchange, Issuing them to visit services
(c) Security and exchange Houses, Security and NSE, SEC,
commission - Visit NSE, SEC. CISB, Exchange Commission, CISB,
(d) Nit trust etc. Stock broking Nit Trust etc. Stockbroking
1.2 Explain the market for new issues firms etc. firms etc.
and the methods of issues. Direct students
- Public issues. - Direct each student to to write reports
- Right issues. write gradable on the
- Private placing report. operations of
- Public issues of bonds and each
debentures. institution.
1.3 Explain the cost of new issues.
1.4 Explain leasing:
- Types of leases.
- Advantages and
disadvantages.

209
 - Accounting and tax treatment
of lease.
- After tax analysis of
lease/buy/borrow and higher
purchase.
1.5 Explain capital market efficiency.
- Form and tests of efficiency
and
- Implication of efficiency of
money.
1.6 Explain the applicability of
market efficiency to the Nigerian
capital market and the empirical
evidence of tests on the market.
1.7 Ex plain portfolio analysis:
selection and revision techniques.
1.8 The market models – CAPM,
APM etc.
1.9 Measurement of portfolio
performance.
General Objective: 2.0: Understand corporate restructuring, merger and acquisitions.
5-9 2.1 Identify the need and purposes of Differentiate between Illustrate with Overhead
restructuring. - Explain the process of merger and acquisition. examples the projector
2.2 Explain the types of restructuring, merger and Overhead Identify motives for process of Internet
take-overs, acquisition. Projector. merger and acquisition. merger and services
leverage buy-outs, distress Evaluate financial acquisition.
restructuring etc. - Visit to merger performance of merger Organise
2.3 Value financial assets, business companies etc. companies. students’ visit
units and entitles. Identify the effect of to merger
2.4 Explain the features of a merger, government regulations companies to
estimating the economic gains and on merger and witness and
cost of mergers. acquisition. write reports
2.5 Identify the basic forms of on merger
acquisition. procedures.
2.6 Identify the motives for merger

210
 and acquisition.
2.7 Identify the mechanics and tactice
of a merger.
2.8 Evaluate financial performance of
merger companies including
reasons for their success and
failure.
2.9 Identify the impact and effect of
government regulations on merger
and acquisition.
General Objective: 3.0: Understand international financial management.
10 -13 3.1 Identify international financial List international Lead the Internet
markets and their associated risks - Explain international financial markets and students to visit
including interest rates financial Overhead their associated risks, the various
determination. operations. Projector. including interest rates institutions in
3.2 Identify currency, futures and determination. order to
options markets, future contracts, - Visit to CBN, State the role of the understand
currency options, commodity Development following financial and write
exchange. Bank etc. institutions in financing reports on
3.3 Determine exchange rates. world trade – their roles and
3.4 Identify exchange rates risk Development Bank, functions.
exposure. ADB, IMF, World
3.5 Explain hedging against currency Bank, IFC, London
risk. Club of Creditors,
3.6 Identify the role of the following Paris Club of
financial institutions in financing Creditors.
international trade:
- Development Bank
- African Development Bank
(ADB)
- IMF
- World Bank
- IFC
- London Club of Creditors
- Paris Club of Creditors

211
 General Objective: 4.0: Understand Corporate Strategy.
14 4.1 Explain types and importance of Write the types and Assist students Journals
strategy including relationship - Explain corporate Overhead importance of strategy to differentiate Internet
between corporate strategy and strategies. Projector. including relationship between
financial strategy. between corporate strategic,
4.2 Explain long term strategic strategy and financial tactical and
planning and differences between strategy. operational
strategic, tactical and operational Write on distinguishing planning.
planning. features of strategic, Lead students
4.3 Develop a corporate plan and its tactical and operational to develop
relationship to budgeting. planning. corporate
4.4 Explain long-term financial Draw up a corporate strategies and
planning. plan and relate it to relate it to
budgeting. budgeting.
General Objective: 5.0: Understand impact of Information and Communication Technology on Financial Management Practice.
15 5.1 Explain the effect of information Express the effect of – Guide students Internet
and - Explain information (1) Overhead e-commerce, e-banking, to access: services
communication on financial technology. Projector. e-business, e- e-commerce
management government – on e-banking
practice. (2) financial management e-business
- e-commerce Computer – practice. e-government
- e-banking PC on the internet
- e-business risk and discuss the
- e-government; etc. effects on
5.2 Explain the essentials of financial
Financial Management management
information and reports; practice
- economic reality
- timing
- accuracy etc.
5.3 Explain the implication of
uncertainties for
reports.
`
`

212
 `
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
25% % 25% 50%

213
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 424 Credit Hours: 30 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: Multi-Disciplinary Case Study Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 50 %
Semester: 4 Practical: 1 hours/week - 50%

Goal: To give special attention to the nature, the process and the techniques of case analysis so as to develop the analytical skills
and ability of the student to be able to analyse, diagnose and/or solve different business and management problems.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand the nature, the purpose and the process of case study.
2.0 Understand the principles and evaluation procedures of corporate strategies and management.
3.0 Understand project management techniques and control.
4.0 Know competition and negotiation procedures.
5.0 Know how to evaluate business plans and appraise the related strategies.

214
 PROGRAMME: HIGHER NATIONAL Code: ACC 424 Credit Hours:30 hours
DIPLOMA IN ACCOUNTANCY
Course: Multi-Disciplinary Case Study Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 1 hours/week - 50 %
Semester: 4 Practical: 1 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand the nature, the purpose and the process of case study.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1-2 1.1 Define case study. - Explain to the students Write the procedure for Direct students Wordprocessor
1.2 Enumerate the purposes of a Case the fundamentals of case handling case study to write on the Flipchart
Study. study; problems. characteristics Journals
1.3 List the steps relevant to the and features of
processes of decision-making and - Explain the characteristics case study
developing acceptable solution to and relevant to
problem(s). features of Case Study decision
1.4 Explain the basic procedures in relevance to making
handling case study problem(s) processes of decision- processes.
1.5 Explain how to identify critical making.
issues relating to a given case.
1.6 Explain how to effect correct - Direct students to give
diagrams. visual
1.7 Evaluate their respective costs and description of the relevant
benefits. processes
and procedures of decision
making.

215
 General Objective: 2.0: Understand the principles and the evaluation procedure of Corporate Strategies and Management.
3-6 2.1 Explain the goal and objectives of Identify the goal and Lead the Wordprocessor
organizational structure. - Expose the students to (1) Provide objective of students in Flipchart
2.2 Explain the goal, objectives and the principles and organisational writing the Journals
structure of a multi-national. and practice of organizationa structure including procedure
2.3 Define Corporate Strategy. management l multi-national required for
2.4 Identify various Corporate techniques and strategies chart of companies. tackling
Strategies. and its any company. management
2.5 State and explain the effect of relevance to the modern problems.
various strategies on corporate day business (2)
management. world. Textbooks
2.6 Explain the various instruments and
and/or methods need and in - Guide the students on
corporate performance evaluation. the silent points (3) Journals.
2.7 Make inter company performance needed in tackling
evaluation. management
2.8 Make inter-industry performance problems.
evaluation.
2.9 Make analysis and interpretation
of accounts.
2.10 Analyse a given case on - Provide working
corporate strategies examples of a typical
and management performance. case study and proffer
2.11 Present valid opinions or solutions.
solutions to given management or
corporate problems. - Lead students to write
and present
cases on management,
corporate
strategies and corporate
performance
in groups.
General Objective: 3.0: Understand project management, techniques and control.
7 - 11 3.1 Define project management. - Provide the students with Write the methods of Ask students to Wordprocessor
3.2 Define control. silent projects’ evaluation write on Flipchart

216
 3.3 Explain the objectives of control. points needed in Textbooks and and management. project Journals
3.4 Explain the significance of project answering Journals. management
management. questions on project and control.
3.5 Explain the relevance and types of management Direct the
control needed in project and control, and explain students who
management. in detail are to be
3.6 State the various methods of its significance to industry divided into
projects evaluation. and groups, to
3.7 Explain change in management. investors. relate the
3.8 State the objectives of change. significance of
3.9 Explain the effects of change on - Provide students with tests project
management in an industry. to assess management
3.10 List the factors that necessitate the students abilities. and control to
change in industry and
management. investors.
General Objective: 4.0: Know competition and negotiation procedures.
12 - 13 4.1 Explain the terms: - Prepare a role play to State the objectives of Divide the class Wordprocessor
(i) Competitive skills demonstrate the terms, “competition into groups to Flipchart
(ii) Negotiation skills. competitive skills. skills” and “negotiation illustrate Journals
4.2 Explain the objectives, the nature, skills”. competitive
the - Explain the effects. skills and their
process and the usefulness of both effects.
competitive
and negotiation skills to industries.
General Objective: 5.0: Know how to evaluate business plans and appraise the related strategies.
14 - 15 5.1 Define Forecasting. Write on the nature, Assist the Wordprocessor
5.2 Explain the objectives and the - Direct student to write types and objectives of students to Flipchart
importance of forecasting. and present forecasting. present Journals
5.3 List the different types of solutions to various State the difference solutions to
forecasting. management between forecasting various
5.4 State forecasting procedures. problems: management, and budgeting. management
5.5 Distinguish between forecasting finance, problems such
and budget. marketing strategy, as in
5.6 Prepare various forecastings distribution, etc. management,
and budgets. finance,

217
5.7 Prepare and analyse variance marketing etc.
statements.
``
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio) %
50% % 50%

218
PROGRAMME: Code: ACC 424 Credit Hours: 60 hours
HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA IN
ACCOUNTANCY
Course: Management Accounting 2 Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
Semester: 4 Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Goal: The course is designed to develop an analytical and critical skill in the student so as to be able, to devise indicators
of performance for management decisions making

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:

On completion of this course, the student should be able to:

1.0 Understand management decisions making process.

2.0 Comprehend capital budgeting decisions.
3.0 Understand risks and uncertainty in capital budgeting.
4.0 Understand capacity decision.
5.0 Know pricing policy and Contribution Theory.
6.0 Understand Performance Evaluation Measures.
7.0 Understand Transfer Pricing.
8.0 Understand Cost Management Techniques in advanced manufacturing industries (AMI).

219
 PROGRAMME: HIGHER NATIONAL Code: ACC 425 Credit Hours:60 hours
DIPLOMA IN ACCOUNTANCY
Course: Management Accounting 2 Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%
Semester: 4 Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1: Understand capital budgeting decisions.
Teacher’s Activities Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Activities
Specific Learning Outcomes Outcomes

1 1.1 Identify decision areas, process and 1-3 Illustrate how Overhead
structure. - Identify decisions taken at (1) Overhead State the steps to be taken cost of capital projector
1.2 State the characteristics of different level of Projector. in capital budgeting can be Investment
operational, administrative and management. decisions. calculated. appraisal
decision classes. (2) Calculate cost of capital Use various software
1.3 Explain the inter relationship of Transparency. using, “weighted average” examples to packages
decision classes. and capital asset pricing illustrate the Professional
model”. selection of accounting
Evaluate capital projects capital projects journals
using, payback period, using various
accounting rate of return, appraisal
net present value, internal techniques.
rate of return, discounted Guide students
payback period, to see the effect
profitability index and of risk,
cost-benefit analysis. uncertainty and
Recognise the effect of taxation in
risk and uncertainty in capital
capital budgeting. investment
decisions.

220
 General Objective: 2.0: Comprehend capital budgeting decisions.
2-4 2.1 Explain the cost of capital, - Take a comprehensive
weighted average, cost of capital example to (1) Overhead
and capital asset pricing model. illustrate how the cost of Projector.
2.2 Explain capital budgeting. capital is
2.3 State the techniques of evaluating calculated with different (2)
budgets such as Payback Period, classes of Transparency
accounting rate of return, Net capital. .
Present Value Internal, rate of
return, profitability index, cost- - Case Study. (3)
benefit analysis. Management
Accounting
(Journal)
General Objective: 3.0: Understand risk and uncertainty in capital budget.
5-6 3.1 Describe the measurement of risk.
3.2 Explain the decision tree - Demonstrate different (1) Overhead
approach. techniques by
3.3 State the portfolio theory. taking appropriate Projector/Tran
3.4 Explain sensitivity analysis. examples. sparency
3.5 Explain the effect of depreciation,
taxation and inflation in capital - Case Study. (2) Capital
budgeting decisions. budgeting
3.6 Describe the ranking of projects
in a period of capital rationing. (Investment
3.7 Explain lease or buy decisions. Appraisal)
Package.

(3) Computer/
Printer.
General Objective: 4.0: Understand Capacity Decision.
7-8 4.1 Explain the following decision - Explain different Overhead 4-5 Illustrate with Overhead
areas: decision-making Projector/Tran Take decisions on examples the projector
Make an optimum production situations by choosing sparency. optimum production making of Capacity
plan in the light of an existing unique plan, make or buy, capacity decision
limiting factor, make or buy, examples. acceptance or rejection decisions using software

221
 accept or reject an order, closing of an order, closing marginal packages
down a segment of Division. Overhead down a segment of an costing
4.2 Explain the meaning of the - Explain the cost concepts Projector/Tran organisation etc. techniques.
following cost concepts for by selecting sparency. Formulate pricing Guide students
decision-making: relevant cost, simple examples. policy and selection of in pricing
incremental or differential cost, optimum selling price. policy
opportunity cost, irrelevant cost, formulation
committees cost, discretionary and selection of
cost. optimum price.
General Objective: 5.0: Know Pricing and Contribution Theory.
9 - 10 5.1 Describe factors influencing
pricing - Impact the knowledge of Overhead
decisions. different Projector/Tra
5.2 Compute optimum selling price pricing methods by nsparency.
using example differential taking appropriate
calculus. examples.
5.3 Explain the role of Target
Costing in Pricing decisions. - Case Study.
5.4 Explain different Cost plus
pricing methods.
5.5 Describe differential pricing
policies.
General Objective: 6.0: Understand performance evaluation measures.
11 -12 6.1 Describe cost centre, profit centre - Give greater exposure on Overhead Distinguish between Illustrate with Overhead
and Investment Centre. practical Projector/Tran cost centre, profit examples projector
6.2 Explain the merits of questions that have sparency. centre and investment measurement
divisionalisation. appeared in centre. of divisional
6.3 Compute return on Investment. professional Measure divisional performance
6.4 Explain Residual Income. examinations. profit using return on using return on
6.5 State the superiority of Residual investment and residual investment and
Income over Return on - Case Study. income. residual
Investment. income.
General Objective: 7.0: Understand Transfer Pricing.
13 - 14 7.1 Describe transfer price. - Give greater exposure on State the type of Guide students Overhead
7.2 Explain objections of transfer practical Overhead transfer pricing to be in the projector

222
 pricing. questions that have Projector/Tran used in a divisional calculation of
7.3 Explain types of transfer prices: appeared in sparency. organisation from the different
market based transfer price, cost professional market based, cost transfer prices
based transfer price, negotiated examinations. based, negotiated and and selection of
transfer price, arbitrary transfer arbitrary transfer ideal transfer
price. - Case Study. pricing. price using life
7.4 Explain the meaning of ideal cases.
transfer price.
General Objective: 8.0: Appreciate Cost Management Techniques in advanced manufacturing Industries (AMT).
15 8.1 Explain Life Cycle Costing. - Explain the following (1) Identify the Expose Internet
8.2 Describe Target Costing. concepts on Computer/Prin terminologies used in students to services
8.3 Define Bench Marking. cost reduction (cost ter. modern manufacturing current events Professional
8.4 Describe activity-based management) in industries. by giving journals
management. the light of information (2) Overhead assignments to
8.5 Define Management Audits. technology. identify
8.6 Explain Just in time systems. Projector/Tran current
8.7 Describe Business Process sparency. terminologies
Engineering. used in modern
manufacturing
industries.
`
`
`
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
30% % 30% 40%

223
PROGRAMME: HND Accountancy Code: OTM 322 Credit Hours: 4 hours

Course: Professional Career Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Development
Semester: 4 Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Course main Aim/Goal: This course is designed t further expose students to knowledge and skills necessary for professionalism and
upward mobility in their careers.

General Objectives:
1.0 Understand competencies for job success and mobility.
2.0 Understand job responsibilities of accountancy workers.
3.0 Understand the importance of further education and training.
4.0 Know the role of interpersonal relations in an organisation.
5.0 Know the importance of time management.
6.0 Know how to go about job search.

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 PROGRAMME: HND Accountancy Code: OTM 322 Credit Hours: 4hours

Course: Professional Career Pre-requisite: Theoretical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Development
Semester: 4 Practical: 2 hours/week - 50%

Theoretical Content Practical Content

General Objective 1.0: Understand competencies for job success and mobility.
Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources Specific Learning Teacher’s Resources
Week
Outcomes Activities Activities
Outcomes
1.1 Note the contribution of Explain the Textbooks Discussions on the Guide the Handouts
language skills to job contribution of Journals contributions of discussion.
success and mobility. communication skills Job communication to
to job success and advertisement job success and
mobility. mobility.
1.2 Note the importance of Explain the As in 1.1. Analyze what makes Assess the Handouts
computation skills to job importance of above. up computation analysis.
success and mobility. computation skills in skills.
job success and
mobility.
1.3 Recognize the Explain the Performance Collect performance Guide the Performance
contributions of contribution of Evaluation evaluation forms review Evaluation
productivity efficiency productivity, forms from organizations Forms.
and attention to detail to efficiency, and and review to
success and mobility at attention to detail to produce better ones.
work. job success and

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 mobility.
1.4 Note the need for Explain the need for Case Studies Discuss case Provide case Case Studies
interpersonal skills at interpersonal skills at studies on studies and
work. work situations. interpersonal skills. guide the
discussions.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE 2:0: Understand job responsibilities of accountancy workers.

2.1 Understand what job Explain the term job Analyse the common Guide the Handouts
duties and analysis
analysis is. analysis. responsibilities in the
accountancy
environment.
2.2 List job titles in the Explain the concept Organisation Draw up career paths for Access students Organisation
Charts accountancy workers work for Charts, Flow
bank. of job title. from bottom to corrections. charts,
Management level. Textbooks
2.3 Understand what job Explain the term job Job Draw up Job Guide the handouts
description is. description. descriptions Description for students.
career paths in
2.2.
2.4 Note the need for job Explain the term job Job Draw up Job Guide Handouts
specification. specification. Specifications
specification for students.
2.3 above.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: 3.0: Understand the importance of further education and training.
3.2 Appreciate the need for Explain the need for Handouts and Compile a list of Guide the Course
further education and continuing education to text-book course available in compilation. handbooks
training. meet with technological formal schools and
changes and training institutions.
professionalism.

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3.3 Recognize other Explore opportunities for Discuss the role of Guide Resource
avenue for training. training outside out of school formal discussions Persons from
educational institutions. education, and invite offices in the
information resources locality.
channels, on going persons.
career development,
and professional
certification in
training,
GENERAL OBJECTIVE 4:0: Know the role of interpersonal relations in an organisation.

4.1 Define Communication. Explain communication

and its role in
interpersonal relation. Posters
4.2 Appreciate the institutions of Explain the role of oral
oral skills body language skills, body language Diagrams
and appearance to and appearance in
interpersonal relations. interpersonal relations. Handouts

Textbooks

GENERAL OBJECTIVES 5:0: Know the importance of Time Management.

5.1 Appreciate need for Explain need for Posters Draw up plan for a Guide Time table
planning and planning and day scheduling the student work.
scheduling. scheduling Diagrams daily tasks.

Handouts

Textbooks

227
5.2 Appreciate need for Explain the need for Handouts Analyse their work Guide and Time-tables
analyzing work day. analyzing work day. load over three correct their
Textbooks weeks period. errors.

5.3 Note how to compile Explain how to use “To “To do” Prepare “To do” list Guide the “To do”
“To do” list. do” list. Forms for days, weeks and students. Forms
months.
5.4 Understand the need to Explain the need to Compile measures Assist Internet and
control interruption. control interruptions. that can control students in PCs
interruption in office compiling the
work. measures.
General Objective 6.0: Know how to go about job search.
6.1 Understand the importance Explain the place of Compile adverts for Guide Adverts,
of occupational outlook and occupational outlook office work and compilation and Resource
opportunities in other and opportunities in listen to talk on job invite resource person.
countries in job search. other countries in job Textbook on search. person for talk
search. Human Internet
6.2 Appreciate the need for self Explain the Resource Evaluate self. Guide the
evaluation and counselling. importance of self Management Provide a check list activities and
evaluation and of skills and abilities provide
location counsellors in Handouts needed for necessary Internet
information.
job search. accountancy work.
6.3 Appreciate why people Explain the process of Interview people on Guide the
change jobs and how to go job change and the why they interview Interview
about it. need for it. desire/desired forms
change of job. examples

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6.4 Understand need for Explain how to Handouts Write up resume. Assess for CV example
curriculum vitae. compile a corrections forms
curriculum vitae.
6.5 List sources of information Explore sources of Internet Browse for jobs. Guide the Internet,
on jobs. information on job. Newspapers students Newspapers

6.6 Understand issues Explain issues on Handouts Conduct mock Supervise the Example of
converted with interviews. interview viz image, interviews. mock Interview
research, salary, example/forms
interview
questions and follow-
up.
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA
Coursework Course test Practical Other (Examination/project/portfolio)
% % % %
50 50

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 Book List for ND and HND Accountancy

Title Author Publisher ISBN

Business Accounts Cox D Osborne Books 1872962580

Active Accounting Brammer J Osborne Books 1872962378
Management & Cost Accounting Drury, Colin Thomson Learning 1844800288
Business Studies Hall D Causeway Press 1873929900
Advanced Business Fardon, Alcock et al Osborne Books 1872962041
Accounting Wood, Frank Prentice Hall 0273028375
E-business and E-commerce Chaffey, Dave Pearson Higher Education 0273683780
Business Law CIMA Butterworth-Heinemann 0750660384
Company Law for Accountants Thomas, Colin LexisNexis UK 0406003432
Economics BPP BPP Business Education 0751721298
Ltd
Strategic Accounting & Marketing CIMA Butterworth-Heinemann 1859714129
Cost Accounting – Principles & Practice Upchurch, Alan Pearson Higher Education 0273643657

Websites

www.tutor2u.net
www.accountingweb.co.uk
www.barclays.co.uk
www.hsbc.co.uk
www.accountancymagazine.com
www.sage.co.uk
www.nationalwestminsterbank.co.uk
www.bized.ac.uk
www.annualreportsft.com

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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS

1. V.O. Fabunmi, B.A. (Econs), M.B.A (Accounting), ACTI, FCA - Accountancy Department, Federal Polytechnic, Ado-
Ekiti.
2. A.A. Abioye, HND Accountancy, MBA, ACTI, FCA - NASFA, Lagos.
3. J.B. Akeju, B.Sc.(Accounting) M.Sc., ACTI, ACMA, FCA - Yaba College of technology, Yaba-Lagos.
4. A.J. Nwafa, NCE, B.SC. M.Sc., AMNIM, ACA - Dept. of Accountancy, Yaba College of Tech., Lagos.
5. Chandrasehkaran C.V. B.com (Acct), M.Com.(Accts); Dipincs, MIMC (NU) - Dept. of Acct., Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna.
6. B.A. Okupe CAN MIMC CMC - Association of National Accountants of Nig. Yaba
Lagos.
7. Dr. M.A. Ayeni, M.Sc., Ph.D, CAN ACIT - Association of National Accountants of Nig., Yaba
Lagos.
8. I. Adebisi, HND (Acct.), MBA,ACA - Dept. of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic, Ede.
9. Muhammad Umar Kibiya, B.Sc. (Acct), MBA, AMNIM, CAN, ACTI - Dept. of Accountancy, Kano State Poly., Kano.
10. Otunba S.O. Dawodu, FCA, FCTI - c/o Institute of Chartered Accts. of Nigeria Ebute-Metta.
11. Okorie Onovo ACA - Dept. of Accountancy, Institute of Management and
Tech., Enugu.
12. Babington-Ashaye, M.T. (Mrs), FCA, FCTI - (Director-Research & Technical) Institute of Chartered
Accountants of Nigeria, Victoria Island.
13. Ajayi, Catherine (Mrs), B.Sc., MBA,FCIB,FCCA,FCA - c/o Institute of Chartered Accountant of Nigeria,
Lagos.
14. Oyeyinka, B.Sc., MSC - Dept. of Computer Science, Yaba Coll. of Tech.,
Lagos.
15. Babalola, I.A., B.Sc. Accounting, MBA, ACTI - (Coordinator-Accounting & Finance Programmes)
16. J.S. Aboi Deputy Director (PTI) - National Board For Technical Education, Kaduna.
17. S.B. Mustapha (Mrs) - National Board For Technical Education, Kaduna.

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