Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

Solutions to chapter 17 review exercise

Question 1

(a) 1  f  x   4

1
(b) Let y  x 1.
2
Swapping x and y and solving for y :

1
x y  1  y  2x  2
2

So f 1  x   2 x  2 .

(c) The domain and range of f 1  x  are the range and domain respectively of f  x  .

domain: 1  x  4 , range: 4  f 1  x   6

(d)

(e) The two graphs are symmetrical about the line y  x .

Question 2
(a) domain: x  1 , range: y 

(b) F  x   ln  x  1 , x  1

x  ln  y  1 , y  1

Solving for y :

y  e x  1 where y  1

Hence F 1  x   e x  1 .

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

(c) The domain and range of F 1  x  are the range and domain respectively of F  x 

domain: x  , range: y  1

(d)
1
(e) F x  which is  0 for x  1
x 1

So F  x  is increasing.

d
dx
 F 1  x    e x

e x  0 for x  and so F 1  x  is increasing

Hence both are increasing.

Question 3
(a) cf. (d)

(b) Q  x  has an inverse function if x  2 .

Q  x    x  2 , x  2
2
(c)

x   y  2 , y  2
2

Solving for y :

y  2  x or y  2  x where y  2

Hence Q 1  x   2  x because Q1  x   2 .

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

(d)

Question 4

(a) Let   sin 1 1 .

π π
Then sin   1 , where    .
2 2
π π
 and so sin 1 1 
2 2

3
(b) Let   cos 1 .
2

3
Then cos   , where 0    π .
2

π 3 π
 and so cos 1 
6 2 6

(c) Let   tan 1 3 .

π π
Then tan   3 , where    .
2 2
π π
Hence  is in the first quadrant and so   i.e. tan 1 3  .
3 3

(d) Let   arctan  1 .

π π
Then tan   1 , where    .
2 2
π
Hence  is in the fourth quadrant and the related angle is .
4
π π
  and so arctan  1  
4 4

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

 1
(e) Let   cos 1    .
 2

1
Then cos    , where 0    π .
2
π
Hence  is in the second quadrant and the related angle is .
3

2π  1  2π
 and so cos 1    
3  2 3

 1
(f) Let   sin 1    .
 2

1 π π
Then sin    , where     .
2 2 2
π
Hence  is in the fourth quadrant and the related angle is .
6

π  1 π
  and so sin 1     
6  2 6

Question 5

(a) Let   cos 1 1 .

Then cos   1 , where 0    π .
So   0 .

Hence cos0  1 and so cos  cos 1 1  1 .

(b) Let   tan 1 1 .

π π
Then tan   1, where    .
2 2
π
So   .
4

π 1
Hence sin   
4 2

and so sin tan 1 1 
1
2
.

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

(c) 
Let   tan 1  3 . 
π π
Then tan    3 , where    .
2 2
π
Hence  is in the fourth quadrant and the related angle is .
3

 
π
3
 
and so tan 1  3  
π
3

 π
 3
1

Hence cos      and so cos tan 1  3
2
    12 .
π 1
(d)  tan 
6 3

 1 
Let   tan 1   .
 3

1 π π
Then tan    , where     .
3 2 2

π
Hence  is in the fourth quadrant and the related angle is .
6

π  π π
  and so tan 1   tan   
6  6 6

4π 1
(e) cos 
3 2

 1
Let   cos 1    .
 2

1
Then cos    , where 0    π .
2
π
Hence  is in the second quadrant and the related angle is .
3

2π  4π  2π
 and so cos 1  cos  
3  3  3

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

2π
(f) 2sin  3
3

Let   tan 1  3 . 
π π
Then tan    3 , where    .
2 2
π
Hence  is in the fourth quadrant and the related angle is .
3
π  2π  π
  and so tan 1  2sin   
3  3  3
Question 6
1
(a) Let   cos 1 .
3
1
Then cos   , where 0    π .
3
Hence  is in the first quadrant.
Using a right-angled triangle:

1
sin   1 
9
2 2

3

 1 2 2
So sin  cos 1   .
 3 3

 7
(b) Let   tan 1    .
 3 
7 π π
Then tan    , where     .
3 2 2
Hence  is in the fourth quadrant.
Using a right-angled triangle and cos is positive in the fourth quadrant.
3
cos  
4

  7  3
So cos  tan 1     

  3  4

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

Question 7
(a)

π π
domain: x  , range:   y
2 2

(b) y  sin 1  x  1 is y  sin 1 x shifted left 1 unit

π π
domain: 2  x  0 , range:   y
2 2

(c) y  cos1  x  1  π is y  cos1 x shifted right 1 unit and down π units

domain: 0  x  2 , range:  π  y  0

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

Question 8

(a) cos3 cos  sin 3 sin   cos 3   

 cos 2

(b) sin 50 cos10  cos50 sin10  sin 50 10

 sin 40
tan 41  tan 9
(c)  tan  41  9 
1  tan 41 tan 9
 tan50

(d) cos15 cos55  sin15 sin 55  cos 15  55

 cos70

(e) sin 4 cos 2  cos 4 sin 2  sin  4  2 

 sin 6
tan 2  tan 
(f)  tan  2   
1  tan 2 tan 
 tan 
1  tan 2 tan  1
So    cot  
tan 2  tan  tan 
Question 9

(a) 2sin 2 cos 2  sin  2  2 

 sin 4
1 1  1 
(b) cos 2 x  sin 2 x  cos  2  x 
2 2  2 

 cos x

(c) 2cos2 3 1  cos  2  3 

 cos6
2 tan 35
(d)  tan  2  35 
1  tan 2 35
 tan 70

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

(e) 1  2sin 2 25  cos  2  25

 cos50
2 tan 4 x
(f)  tan  2  4 x 
1  tan 2 4 x
 tan8x
Question 10
3
(a) sin A  and A acute
5
Using a right-angled triangle:

9
cos A  1 
25
4

5
3
(b) sin A  and A acute
5

cos 2 A  1  2sin 2 A
2
3
 1 2 
5
18
 1
25
7

25
3 5
(c) sin A  and cos B  ( A, B are both acute)
5 13
4 12
cos A  and sin B  from right-angled triangles
5 13

cos  A  B   cos A cos B  sin A sin B

4 5 3 12
   
5 13 5 13
20 36
 
65 65
16

65

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

(d) sin 2B  2sin B cos B

12 5
 2 
13 13
120

169
3 4 3
(e) sin A  , cos A  and so tan A 
5 5 4
2 tan A
tan 2 A 
1  tan 2 A
3
2
 4
2
3
1  
4
3
 2
7
16
3 16
 
2 7
24

7
12 5 12
(f) sin B  , cos B  and so tan B 
13 13 5

tan B  tan A
tan  B  A  
1  tan B tan A
12 3

 5 4
12 3
1 
5 4
33
 20
56
20
33

56

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

Question 11

(a) (i) sin 75  sin  45  30

 sin 45 cos 30  cos 45 sin 30

1 3 1 1
   
2 2 2 2
3 1

2 2

(ii) cos75  cos  45  30

 cos 45 cos 30  sin 45 sin 30

1 3 1 1
   
2 2 2 2
3 1

2 2
(b) (i) LHS  sin 75 cos75

3 1 3 1
 
2 2 2 2
3 1

8
1

4
 RHS
(ii) LHS  sin 75  cos75


3 1  
3 1
2 2
2

2 2
1

2
 sin 45
 RHS

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

(iii) LHS  sin 2 75  cos 2 75

   3  1
2 2
3 1 

2 2 
2

4 3

8
3

2
 sin 60
 RHS

(iv) LHS  sin 2 75  cos 2 75

   
2 2
3 1  3 1

2 2 
2

8

8
1
 RHS
Question 12
(a) 2sin15 cos15  sin30
1

2

(b) cos35 cos5  sin 35 sin 5  cos 35  5

 cos 30
3

2
tan110  tan 25
(c)  tan 110  25 
1  tan110 tan 25
 tan135
 1

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

π π
(d) 1  2sin 2  cos
8 4
1

2

π π 1 π
(e) cos sin  sin
12 12 2 6
1

4

8π 2π 8π 2π  8π 2π 
(f) sin cos  cos sin  sin   
9 9 9 9  9 9 

2π
 sin
3
3

2
Question 13

LHS   sin   cos  

2
(a)

 sin 2   2sin  cos   cos 2 

 1  sin 2
 RHS
(b) LHS  cos A  sin 2 Asin A

 cos A  2 cos A sin 2 A

 cos A 1  2sin 2 A 
 cos A cos 2 A
 RHS

(c) LHS  sin 2  tan   cot  

 sin  cos  
 2sin  cos    
 cos  sin  
 2sin 2   2 cos 2 
2
 RHS

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

(d) LHS  cot  sin 2  cos 2

cos 
  2sin  cos     2 cos 2   1
sin 
 2 cos 2   2 cos 2   1
1
 RHS
sin 2 x
(e) LHS 
1  cos 2 x

2sin x cos x

2cos 2 x
 tan x
 RHS

1  tan 2 
(f) LHS 
1  tan 2 

cos 2   sin 2 
 cos 2 
cos 2   sin 2 
cos 2 
 cos 2
 RHS
1 1
(g) LHS  
1  tan A 1  tan A

1  tan A  1  tan A 

1  tan 2 A
2 tan A

1  tan 2 A
 tan 2 A
 RHS

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

(h) LHS  tan 2 A  cot A  tan A

sin 2 A  cos A sin A 

   
cos 2 A  sin A cos A 
sin 2 A  cos 2 A  sin 2 A 
  
cos 2 A  sin A cos A 
 
sin 2 A  cos 2 A 
  
cos 2 A  1 sin 2 A 
2 
2
 RHS
Question 14
h xh
(a)  tan  and  tan 2
d d
h xh
d and d 
tan  tan 2
h xh tan  tan 2
So  and hence  .
tan  tan 2 h xh
tan  tan 2
(b) 
h xh
2h tan 
 x  h  tan  
1  tan 2 
 x  h  tan  1  tan 2    2h tan 
x tan   h tan   x tan 3   h tan 3   2h tan 
x tan  1  tan 2    h tan   3  tan 2  
h tan  1  tan 2 

x tan  3  tan 2 
h 1  tan 2 

x 3  tan 2 

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

Question 15

 1 1
(a) LHS  tan  tan 1  tan 1 
 2 3

 1  1
tan  tan 1   tan  tan 1 
  2  3
 1  1
1  tan  tan 1   tan  tan 1 
 2  3
1 1

 2 3
1 1
1 
2 3
5
 6
1
1
6
1
 RHS

 1 1
(b) tan  tan 1  tan 1   1
 2 3

1 1
tan 1  tan 1  tan 1 1
2 3
π

4
Question 16
1 1
(a) LHS  sin 1  sin 1
5 10

 1 1   1 1   1 1   1 1   1 1 
sin  sin 1  sin 1   sin  sin  cos  sin   cos  sin  sin  sin 
 5 10   5  10   5  10 

Using right-angled triangles:

1 3 2 1
   
5 10 5 10
5

5 2
1

2

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

 1 1  1
sin  sin 1  sin 1 
 5 10  2
1 1 1
sin 1  sin 1  sin 1
5 10 2
π

4
 RHS
1 1
(b) LHS  tan 1  tan 1
2 4

 1  1
tan  tan 1   tan  tan 1 
 1 1  2  4
tan  tan 1  tan 1  
 2 4  1  1
1  tan  tan 1   tan  tan 1 
 2  4
1 1

 2 4
1 1
1 
2 4
1
 4
1
1
8
1
4
9
8
2

9

 1 1 2
tan  tan 1  tan 1  
 2 4 9
1 1 2
tan 1  tan 1  tan 1
2 4 9
 RHS
Question 17

 2  2  2
(a) sin  2sin 1   2sin  sin 1  cos  sin 1 
 3  3  3

Using a right-angled triangle:

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

2 5
 2 
3 3
4 5

9

 2 4 5
sin  2sin 1  
 3 9
2 4 5
2sin 1  sin 1
3 9
1
(b) LHS  2cos 1
5

 1  2 1 1 
cos  2 cos 1   2 cos  cos  1
 5  5
2
 1 
 2  1
 5
3

5

 1  3
cos  2 cos 1 5
 5
1  3
2 cos 1  cos 1   
5  5

Question 18
(a) sin 2x  cos x  0
2sin x cos x  cos x  0
cos x  2sin x  1  0

π 3π
cos x  0  x  , or
2 2
1
sin x  
2
π
sin is negative in the third and fourth quadrants and the related angle is .
6
1 7π 11π
sin x    x  ,
2 6 6

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

π 7π 3π 11π
So x  , , , .
2 6 2 6
(b) cos 2x  sin x

1  2sin 2 x  sin x
2sin 2 x  sin x  1  0
 sin x  1 2sin x  1  0
1
sin x  1,
2
3π
sin x  1  x  or
2
1
sin x 
2
π
sin is positive in the first and second quadrants and the related angle is .
6
1 π 5π
sin x  x ,
2 6 6
π 5π 3π
So x  , , .
6 6 2
(c) 2cos 2x  8cos x  5  0

2  2 cos 2 x  1  8cos x  5  0
4 cos 2 x  8cos x  3  0
 2 cos x  3 2 cos x  1  0
1
cos x   ,  1  cos x  1
2
π
cos is negative in the second and third quadrants and the related angle is .
3
1 2π 4π
cos x    x  ,
2 3 3
2π 4π
So x  , .
3 3

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

(d) tan 2x  3tan x

2 tan x
 3 tan x
1  tan 2 x
3 tan x  3 tan 3 x  2 tan x
3 tan 3 x  tan x  0
tan x  3 tan 2 x  1  0
1
tan x  0, 
3

tan x  0  x  0, π, 2π

π
tan is positive in the first and third quadrants and the related angle is .
6
1 π 7π
tan x  x ,
3 6 6

π
tan is negative in the second and fourth quadrants and the related angle is .
6
1 5π 11π
tan x   x ,
3 6 6

π 5π 7π 11π
So x  0, , , π, , , 2π .
6 6 6 6

Question 19
2t
(a) sin  
1 t2

1 t2
(b) cos  
1 t2
2t
(c) tan  
1 t2

1 t2
(d) sec  
1 t2

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

1 t2
(e) 1  cos   1 
1 t2

1 t2 1 t2
 
1 t2 1 t2
2

1 t2
1
(f) Let t  tan  .
2
1
sin  2t  1  t 2 
  1  
1  cos  1  t 2  1  t 2 
2t 1 t2
 
1 t2 1 t2 1 t2
2t

2
t
Question 20
1
2 tan 67 
(a) 2  tan135
1
1  tan 2 67 
2
 1
1
2 tan 67 
(b) 2  sin135
1
1  tan 2 67 
2
1

2

1
1  tan 2 67 
(c) 2  cos135
1
1  tan 67 
2

2
1

2

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

Question 21
1
(a) Let t  tan  .
2

1
LHS  sin  tan   cos 
2
2t 2
1 t2
 
1 t2 1 t2
1 t2

1 t2
1
 RHS
1
(b) Let t  tan  .
2
LHS  cosec  cot 
1 t2 1 t2
 
2t 2t
2
2t

2t
t
1
 tan 
2
 RHS
(c) Let t  tan  .

LHS  sin 2  tan 2  tan  

2t  2t 
 2 
t
1 t  1 t 2

2t  2t t 1  t 2  
   
1 t2  1 t2 1 t2 
 
2t t t
3
 
1 t 1 t2
2

2t t 1  t 2 
 
1 t2 1 t2
2t 2

1 t2
 tan 2 tan 
 RHS

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

(d) Let t  tan  .

cos 2  sin 2  1
LHS 
cos 2  sin 2  1
1  t 2  2t  1  t 2
 1 t2
1  t 2  2t  1  t 2
1 t2
2  2t

2t  2t 2
2 1  t 

2t 1  t 
1

t
1

tan 
 cot 
 RHS
Question 22
(a) Let t  tan 75 .
2 tan 75
LHS 
1  tan 2 75
 tan150
1

3
 RHS

(b) (i) 2 3t  1  t 2

t 2  2 3t  1  0
2 34
t
2
t  2 3

tan 75  2  3 as tan 75  0

1
(ii) 2  3  tan165 because tan 330   tan 30  
3

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

Question 23

(a) 2cos 2 A cos A  cos  2 A  A  cos  2 A  A

 cos3A  cos A

(b) 2cos5 A sin 3 A  sin 5 A  3 A  sin 5 A  3 A

 sin8 A  sin 2 A

(c) 2sin  3 A  2B  cos  2 A  B   sin 3 A  2B  2 A  B   sin 3 A  2B   2 A  B  

 sin  5 A  B   sin  A  3B 

(d) 2sin  2 A  5B  sin  A  3B   cos  2 A  5B   A  3B    cos  2 A  5B  A  3B 

 cos  A  2B   cos 3 A  8B 

Question 24
(a) LHS  2cos58 cos32
 cos  58  32   cos  58  32 
 cos 90  cos 26
 cos 26
 RHS
(b) LHS  2cos 45 sin35
 sin  45  35   sin  45  35 
 sin 80  sin10
 cos10  sin10
 RHS
(c) LHS  2sin 70 sin50
 cos  70  50   cos  70  50 
 cos 20  cos120
1
 cos 20 
2
 RHS

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Chapter 17 – Further trigonometry solutions – Worked solutions

(d) 2sin 55 cos 40  sin 55  40  sin 55  40

 sin 95  sin15

 cos 5  sin15
 RHS
Question 25
(a) LHS  4cos5 cos 2 sin 

 2sin   cos  5  2   cos  5  2  

 2 cos 7 sin   2 cos 3 sin 
 sin  7     sin  7     sin  3     sin  3   
 sin 8  sin 6  sin 4  sin 2
 RHS
(b) LHS  4sin5 cos3 sin 

 2sin   sin  5  3   sin  5  3  

 2sin 8 sin   2sin 2 sin 
 cos  8     cos  8     cos  2     cos  2   
 cos 7  cos 9  cos   cos 3
 RHS

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