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aN eometrc Modeling
e a
: 4 Introduction
2 zi
2) Be peieeedot compton! geome ma apap
2 TE aocitia for tho description or oe atiematics under which we
Sad ine withthe COMPUT and fr cong SPE NOW a aye geome
ater bated applications. 3D mace eng
Mis such as mechanical and cin)
20 og wets medial igs Procesng
aie reiemens of geome modeing
Beis ne time of parts inspection, inter changeable ‘manufacturing tolerance is
, Id be an automatic assembly of the mode for ches
a poasing, e-
‘+ Kinematic analysis and finite element analysis i required
«+ Propenies and geometical evaluation of area, vole, wegh, dessy, et ae
required
4 ald be a graphical visualization of cross-section,
‘the geometry.
+ The boundary of the solid should be uniquely identified
ing interference,
line that are hidden in
Methods of Geometric Mo
ting
‘There ae basically three different methods to represents the geometric modeling.
1, Wire frame modeling
2. Surface modeling
3. Solid modeling
1. Wire frame modeling : It is one of the methods used in geometric modeling
system, Witeffame represents a solid shape in the form of lines, edges and points. It is
‘wed to represent mathematically in the computer.
+
Design and Manufacturing acm
te Neng
in both parametric and_non-paramet
re Berier surface, B-spline surta,
fa
Ccontot
poyaen
Torus lpscia
(ston sta
ee 4
"+3, Solid modeling ‘It provides the complete
Fig. 2.22 Surface modeling
information of the object as com
ata and topological information «=
Tue cone
Fig. 223 Solid modeling
# It represents
2D view that
the 3D object
mnot have any
details. It
the data
which
efficiency of
2}o model
‘sed in computer sided engineering which belrs °°)
finite sets of points which together form Vi"
of the object simple. If allows to
apo -ser3et-u OU 2 —20)+300u70.
: ye=souee? 200 +0064 ON — 600
Py(a) = -7i0u?+210u+ 30
=u)+3002
112 +300 u? - 300 u° +300
ot
Seomti
te Mating
onan
Fig. 29:1 Change due to modi contrat plat
Ta nwrpeeenad byte ON
Eermraccee se, ian
represented by the
polynomial of x® degree.
7 To draw the curve it needs “To draw Bezier cure it
Toeeipare end two reqare model paras Te ‘data ports
Tangent veer Tech oc mare contr pints re contol pos,
pono,
Teivepes cl payromial ie Doves of anere
Ramee den of asia port, depends on fe nene= ot
data points. of ata pout.
Gacrmitectiecave | the saps conc OY “The shape is cota by |
lopends on the tangent the conivol pons the contal pons \
vectors at the end. \
5. _ttis not convenient fo “The curve is affected DY Te afin the cone eal
| Canuol the shape of the the movement of by te movest of
se conto pons ental pots.
ee... is also Known #8
le and B-spline curve, Hence eis a standard cave efi
veal Be rercgea in which ove oieamil is
Which is given as: Goometri
Mode,
are of bicubic polynomiat,
ig. 2.13.1 Bezier surfaces
aya paling Stace
“pe surace which is formed by
ng Bepine curve are Known &S
Bapline surce, 1s not necessary
te pas the surface fom all contol
fins, The surface obtained have
fhe local control and these
rotifcaion of the surface can be
card out locally by adjusting
‘oval area contol poin's.
Fig. 2141 Bspline surface
Characteristics of B-spline surface =
eG saver
fice is invariant to an affine tanformaton
der of basis in tha retin 0
a
Tf the number of polygon vertices is equal to the or
ne surface ress 0 # BEL
if there are no interi
jor Knot values, then B-spi
surface, I
(der in eramevc cretion is limied to Se number of defining
es in that direction.
an)
Gizezion is too tess ts!
ye
——— sd” jional solid
geometry we
Bs metry We used solid modeling iecnique wh
Peiamccing. Some of te priv wich teen use
his bee wii
ed by
‘out from the ofe®
Thotes or remove *
.
ing object will -M:
a
‘ cori
topological data that rn" aD
: =
ee
qonarctve soll Geometry
a SS TA: May 7, Dost
Saree
So
ee ae
ccna
Se epee eee iepeletatrae
ean operation 1 frm the required bet
Bo
a
two solids A and B as shown in the Fig 2.171 on previous page and
solids after performing the boolean operation
Bs yw crs te gin eB
ing intersection operation.
‘been represented in the fom of binary wee, whch eves
about the model and the number of
‘the binary tree as show? Se Moe ‘model
: 3.
curve which is desc c
SSSA gto represent the complex obj ht cannot be ey
: te : cen by te wie
Syestor a5 A UNE it seg," la al -
; i and non-paametic form,
a " -
the complete infomation of te bjt as compared with he sue |
essthe geometric dita and topological information of te ahjen |
pres : The curves which are defined as those
tha cm be
‘equation such as lines, circle and conics. () Second lavel
‘Fig. 2.20.1 Spatial occupancy enumeration
Gople which specifies the amount of rottion along pet
der D surface by sweeping 82D object x sb cet ang m sontal
ary Representation
tang
2
Seger acl oi nin mats
Be OF ich Tequies is topological and geomet inom.
about the model. abeiice 3
ge ie few
on tie on es
svt te ctin ot ecg et
entation the orientation oo
which is given in
and normal
a tye ap
Fee sn a be
1 ovis han
sn used in wire ona
fame mode Hse
‘only about the
of the solid which can provide
eee ‘and mass properties
muject and with the help of Gauss Divergence thee itis pose
: ‘arfuce integral with the volume integral
ved tree which require more compuitis Fil for the complex geometries which could not be represeniet by CSG
need binary tree whose eft and ngs Heggch ax geome of automobile body, wing bape
the more storage space but less computation compared wih he
Fig. 2181
aa
imple to convert back and forth fom sold mel 0
n C-rep Modeling and B-rep Modeling
ee Difficult, Relatively 28
eee
