CROP SCIENCE LICENSURE EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS

1. In Asia, the early civilizations have established around a diet basically consisting of:

a. maize and peanuts b. sorghum and beans c. rice and beans

d. wheat and barley

2. The of the people regarded now as the first agriculturists are the:

a. American Indians b. cushites

c. south American Indians

d. Africans

3. our region consisting of the Indochinese-Indonesian region is believed to be the center of:

a. corn b. garlic c. potato

d. coconut

4. the center of origin of rice (Oryza sativa) is:

a. Philippines b. Africa

c. Mexico d. India

5. next to rice and corn, the top 5 crops of the Philippines include:

a. coconut, sugarcane, banana b. coconut, banana, abaca

c. coconut, wheat, sugarcane d. coconut, coffee, cassava

6. comparative advantage in agriculture means;

a. higher efficiency in resource use for agriculture b. higher land area devoted to agriculture

c. higher yield of export crops

d. higher yield of rice and corn

7. as a science, crop production I very much related to:

a. botany, biology, zoology

b. soil science statistics, physics

c. breeding and genetics, biology, animal science d. botany, soil science, breeding and genetics

8. the chlorophyll is commonly found in:

a. vascular bundies b. mesophyll cells

c. stomata

d. mitochondria

9. light absorption by the leaf is lowest in:

a. red b. blue

c. green

d. yellow

10. in 1930s-1950s, photosynthesis investigation was intensified by:

a. use of carbon isotopes

b. detection of PGA as first product c. hatch and slack

d. Blackman

11. the Kranz anatomy is found in the leaves of:

a. C3 plants b. C4 plants

c. CAM plants d. rice plants

12. C3 plants have:

a. only once CO2 fixation pathway

b. two CO2 fixation pathways separated in space c. two CO2 fixation pathways separated in time

d. three CO2 fixation pathways

13. an RQ value equal to 1 means: a. glucose is being respired b. fats is being respired

c. anaerobic respiration is taking place

d. aerobic respiration is involved

14. cell turgidity in plants is maintained through:

a. respiration

b. osmoregulation c. translocation

d. plasmolysis

15. the main path of (movement of) inorganic substances in plants is:

a. roots b. xylem

c. phloem

d. leaves

16. passive movement of water occurs:

a. from a cell with high potential to cell with low potential b. only through a semi-permeable
membrane

c. through cytoplasmic streaming

d. from a cell with low potential to a cell with high potential

17. as autotroph, plants:

a. can directly use CO2 to synthesize its food b. act as host to N2 fixing bacteria

c. obtain nutrients from the soil

d. obtain nutrient from crop residue

18. growth in plant usually takes in growth points such as:

a. flowers b. stems

c. meristem

d. branch

19. the mechanism in which plant growth is governed by some kind of “division of labor”

among cell and different plant parts is called:

a. genome

b. correlation mechanism

c. endogenous growth rhythm d. exogenous growth rhythm

20. this phytohormone is also referred to as ripening hormone:

a. IAA

b. gibberelin c. cytokinin d. ethylene

21. the growth response of plants to the direction of light is called:

a. geotropism

b. phototropism c. thigmatropism d. epinastry

22. the special cells that allow rice plants to adjust to varying levels of O2 in the growth medium are
called:

a. aerenchyma cells

b. bulliform cells

c. phytochrome cells d. chroloplast cells

23. the G in equation Y=f[G+E+(G×E)] refers to:

a. growth

b. genotype c. gender

d. geotropism

24. an optimum environment for crop growth and development is one that:

a. poses a minimum of constraints

b. gas a wide range for crop adaptation c. does not interact with crops

d. free from pest and diseases

25. the seasonal pattern of atmospheric conditions in a particular occurring from year to year is
called:

a. weather b. climate c. season d. summer

26. plant microclimate refers to the:

a. weather forecasters’ local climate

b. complex of environmental variables to which plants are exposed c. climate prevailing in a village

d. climate at the surface of the earth’s atmosphere

27. photocybernetic effect refers to the effect of sunlight on:

a. photosynthesis

b. plant development

c. plant response to daylength d. response to gravity

28. the effective wavelength for photoperiodism is:

a. red and blue

b. far red and red c. ultra violet rays d. gamma rays

29. sciophytes are also known as:

a. sun loving plants

b. shade loving plants c. day neutral plants d. water loving plants

30. the net effect of the so-called greenhouse effect is:

a. cool temperature b. excessive rainfall

c. excessive cloudiness d. high temperature

31. most economically important crops are:

a. xerophytes b. hydrophytes c. mesophytes d. halophytes

32. it is generally more rainy at:

a. mountainous area b. low-lying areas

c. seaside areas

d. flat lands

33. an area is experiencing absolute drought if there no rainfall of at least 0.25mm in:

a. 365 consecutive days

b. 29 consecutive days c. 15 consecutive days d. 5 consecutive days

34. based on temperature requirement, rice is a:

a. cool season crop b. warm season crop c. sub-tropical crop

d. semi-temperature crop

35. high relative humidity can cause:

a. plant wilting b. grain drying

c. high disease incidence d. breakage seeds

36. as a factor in crop production, edaphic factors refers to:

a. climate b. man

c. soil

d. microorganism

37. tillability is difficult in:

a. heavy soil b. loamy soil c. light soil

d. sandy soil

38. the desirable soil texture for crops is:

a. heavy soil b. loamy soil c. light soil

d. sandy soil

39. the desirable soil structure for crops is a. blocky

b. granular c. columnar

d. rectangular

40. GMO stands for:

a. genetically made organisms

b. genetically modified organisms c. genetically mixed organisms

d. genetically male organisms

41. the light reaction phase of photosynthesis takes place in the:

a. chloroplast

b. thylakoid lamellae c. stroma

d. chlorophyll
42. the products of the light reaction phase of photosynthesis are:

a. O2 and ATP

b. CH2O and NADPH

c. ATP and NADH

d. ATP and NADPH

43. the process by ATP is formed when the electron donor is the synthesized PSI rather than the
oxidation of H2O in the light reaction phase of photosynthesis is known as:

a. oxidative phosphorylation

b. photosynthetic phosphorylation c. cyclic photophosphorylation

d. cyclic photodecomposition

44. according to the first Fick’s Law of diffusion, the influx of CO2 into the leaf is:

a. directly proportional to the size of stomatal opening

b. inversely proportional to the CO2 concentration gradient between the leaf and the air

c. inversely proportional to total resistance

d. directly proportional to the CO2 concentration gradient between the leaf and the air, and inversely
proportional to total resistance

45. the dark reaction phase (otherwise known as biochemical phase) of photosynthesis has been
called as such because it:

a. does not take place during the day b. does not require light

c. requires total darkness d. occurs inside the leaf

46. rice is classified as C3 species because its first table product of photosynthesis is a 3- carbon acid
known as:

a. pyruvic acid

b. oxaloacetic acid

c. 3-phosphoglyceric acid d. phosphoric acid

47. the photosynthetic potential of a given species is fully expressed when the following
environmental factors are optimum:

a. solar radiation and temperature

b. co2 concentration, solar radiation, and CO2 concentration

c. plant moisture status, solar radiation, and CO2 concentration

d. solar radiation, temperature, CO2 concentration, and plant moisture status

48. photosynthesis is usually low under drought conditions because:

a. water as an electron donor in the electron transport system is not available b. stomatal resistance
to the diffusion of CO2 into the leaf is high

c. the CO2 concentration gradient between the air and the leaf is very wide d. the photosynthetic
apparatus is permanently damaged

49. the product of glycolysis in the higher forms of plants are:

a. NADH and ATP

b. ATP and H2O

c. NADH and H2O

d. CO2 and citric acid

50. the Krebs cycle takes in the:

a. chloroplast

b. mitochondrion c. vacuole

d. peroxisome

51. assimilates and translocated via the:

a. xylem tissue

b. kranz anatomy c. phloem tissue d. epidermis

52. the ascent of the cell sap from the roots to the leaves of actively transpiring plants is driven largely
by:

a. water tension gradient b. water potential

c. osmotic pressure d. low root pressure

53. transpiration is a very useful process in plants because it is:

a. involved in heat exchange between the leaves and the air b. essential in the distribution of
essential elements in plants c. important in water and nutrient utilization

d. needed in solubilizing organic compounds

54. which of the following is/are not part(s) of the pistil?

a. ovary

b. ovule c. pollen d. style

e. stigma

55. which of the following is/are not considered as a berry?

a. strawberry b. tomato

c. bell pepper d. grape

e. eggplant f. cherry

56. in the process of seed development the egg apparatus is composed of:

a. egg cell + synergids

b. egg cell + polar nuclei c. synergids + antipodals d. synergids + polar nuclei

57. in seed embryogenesis, the zygote which give rise to the embryo is formed by the fusion of:

a. sperm cell + antipodals b. sperm cell + egg cell

c. sperm cell + polar nuclei

d. sperm cell + synergids

58. in a tetrazolium test, viable seeds will stain:

a. red b. blue

c. green d. yellow

59. carbohydrate reserves of seeds will be hydrolyzed finally as:

a. galactose b. fructose

c. glucose d. cellulose
60. This type of dormancy is due to one or more unsuitable factions of the environment, which are
non-specific in their effect. in seeds, this is equivalent to quiescence.

a. paradormancy b. endodormancy c. ecodormancy

d. chemical dormancy

61. plant responses to seasonal variations in the length of day are collectively known as:

a. vernalization

b. photoperiodism c. circadian rhythm d. morphogenesis

62. photoreceptor involved in photoperiodism is:

a. phytochrome b. chlorophyll

c. carotenoids

d. flavins

63. these plants need to be supplied only with inorganic substances since they make their own organic
substances:

a. heterotrophic organisms b. accumulators

c. autotrophic organisms

d. eukaryotic organisms

64. reduction in the amount of green pigments in leaf, resulting to yellowing:

a. chlorosis

b. necrosis c. autolysis d. dialysis

65. the study of how plants absorb, transport and assimilate inorganic ions is called:

a. inorganic chemistry b. mineral nutrition

c. translocation

d. plant exudation

66. which of the following is not a feature of an essential element?

a. the absence of the element makes it impossible for the plant to complete its life cycle
b. the deficiency is specific for element in question

c. the element is directly involved in the nutrition of the plant

d. the element can be substituted by another element of similar size

67. which is not an example of a essential micronutrient?

a. B b. Cu c. Zn d. K

68. the movement of substances against a concentration or chemical gradient is known as:

a. passive transport b. chemical transport c. active transport

d. membrane transport

69. which is not a feature of the Pfr form of the phytochrome:

a. it is blue-green in color

b. it is convertible to Pr form

c. it is far-red light absorbing form d. it is red-orange in color

70. the natural termination of the functional life of an organ, organism or other life unit which is also
regarded as the final phase in plant development:

a. deterioration phase

b. abscission phase c. senescence

d. growth inhibition

71. a type of senescence which is characterized by annual change in deciduous woody plants in which
all the leaves die but the bulk of the stem and the root system remain viable:

a. whole plant senescence

b. organ senescence

c. sequential senescence d. leaf senescence

72. phototropism is a growth response to unidirectional light which is probably influenced by a

particular growth hormone:

a. abscissic acid (ABA)

b. indole acetic acid c. kinetin (Ki)

d. gibberellins (GA)
73. the growth response of plant to touch that is best exemplified by the coiling of tendrils in

Cucurbits:

a. thermotropism b. seismonasty

c. thigmotropism

d. thigmomorphogenesis

74. a characteristic response of roots and shoots such that they align themselves parallel to the
direction of the gravity:

a. degravitropic b. agravitropic

c. orthogravitropic

d. negative tropism

75. leaf senescence like the other type of senescence can be promoted by the application of the
growth hormone:

a. cytokinin

b. abscissic acid c. gibberellins

d. auxin

76. senescence is the energy-requiring process brought about by the metabolic changes, one of this is
the destruction of the pigments:

a. carotenoids b. xanthophyll c. anthocyanin d. chlorophyll

77. a variation movement cause by daily rhythm s of light and dark resulting from changes in the
turgor of motor cells in the pulvinus located at the base of each leaf:

a. nyctinasty

b. thermonasty c. seismonasty

d. circumnutation

78. the bending or curvature (of an organ) caused by a differential growth when the adaxial or
morphological upper side of an organ grows more rapidly than the abaxial or morphological lower side
of the organ and is always associated with high ethylene concentration:

a. hyponasty
b. thigmonasty c. epinasty

d. thermonasty

79. the organ movement such that the axis of the organ comes to the right angles to the direction of
the gravitational field as exhibited by stolons of potato and strawberry:

a. heliotropism

b. plagiogeotropism c. diagravitropism

d. positive geotropism

80. the over-all shape of the plants is determined by:

a. allometric growth b. growth correlation c. apical dominance

d. hormonal imbalance

81. domestication of plants led to:

a. change in plant type and limited ecological adaptation

b. narrower genetic variation and wider ecological adaptation c. the disappearance of the natural
habitats of wild plants

d. increased genetic variation and limited ecological adaptation

82. the pattern of assimilate partitioning in plants varies:

a. with stage of growth and development b. with kind of fertilizer applied

c. depending on the flux of solar energy

d. with total rainfall

83. a plant showing tolerance mechanism of resistance to water deficit:

a. adjust its water absorption rate to maintain cell turgidity

b. maintain relatively high stomatal conductance even if the water deficit progressing to a higher level

c. rolls its leaves to reduce respiration

d. extends its roots horizontally to explore soil moisture around the root zone

84. the following changes in plant are attributed to domestication except:

a. less of seed dormancy

b. conversion from perennial to annual c. increased susceptibility to diseases d. increased

environmental adaptation

85. oxygen as one of the product of photosynthesis evolves from:

a. the oxidation of H2O

b. photosynthesis of H2O

c. the reduction of CO2

d. the reduction of H2O

86. agriculture could have been initiated mainly due to chronic food shortage if:

a. there was sedentary way of living

b. grasslands and forests were present c. plant and animal diversity was limited d. fertile lands
were available

87. the major product of respiration are the following:

a. ATP, H2O and NADH

b. CO2 and ATP

c. NADH and ATP

d. H2O, CO2 , ATP and NADH

88. certain plant organ move when exposed:

a. to maintain adequate moisture content b. to maximized photosynthetic activity

c. to maintain optimum translocation during the day

d. to balance their heat load with the surrounding air

89. essential elements in the soil must be:

a. in inert form to be available to plants

b. soluble and in ionic form(s) for efficient absorption

c. kept in the maximum supply in the soil to maximize utilization d. in the form of organic
compounds

90. both photosynthetic and respiration rates are influenced by:

a. relatively humidity and CO2 concentration b. oxygen concentration

c. temperature and CO2 concentration d. temperature and relative hum idity

91. nutrient uptake by the soil is affected by:

a. air temperature

b. soil and water temperature c. soil texture and structure

d. soil color

92. native (inherent) soil nutrient are derived from:

a. applied fertilizer

b. weathering of minerals in the soil

c. decomposition of organic matter in the soil

d. physical disintegration of minerals in the soil

93. nitrogen as an essential element is taken by the crops in the following forms:

a. N2, NO2 and NH +

- -

b. N2O, NO3 and NO2

+ -

c. NH4 , NO2

d. NO2, NH4+

94. the sites of the C3 and C4 pathways of CO2 fixation are compartmentalized the leaves of:

a. corn, sugar and rice b. sugarcane and corn

c. mungbean and pineapple d. corn and soybean

95. the following are events that led to the development of agriculture except:

a. collection of plants

b. colonization of pre-adapted plant species

c. cultivation of plants in order to reap a better harvest d. improvement of soil fertility

96. current crop production technologies considered scientific because:

a. several steps from planting to harvesting have evolved

b. they generate facts and empirical data

c. they were formulated through scientific investigations d. none of the above

97. the relationship between the growth rates of individual parts of an organ or organism is

known as:

a. shoot-root ratio b. harvest index

c. cylometry

d. giant symmetry

98. plant roll their leaves to:

a. reduce the rate of transpiration or water loss b. increase the probability of dissimilation

c. change the angle of incidence of diffused light with respect to the leaf surface d. increase leaf
water content

99. net assimilation rate is sometimes referred to as:

a. photosynthesis b. crop growth rate c. unit leaf rate

d. specific growth rate

100. respiration is a necessary evil in plant because:

a. it breaks down glucose which should have been used in the synthesis of complex compounds

b. it leads to the loss of glucose but generate metabolic energy and organic compounds that are used
in the synthesis of structural and storage compounds

c. it generates CO2, H2O, and ATP

d. it generate heat energy for transpiration

101. the ratio of shoot dry weight to root dry weight is known as:

a. root-shoot ratio b. shoot-root ratio

c. plant biomass ratio d. harvest ratio

102. nutrient availability in the soil is largely dependent on:

a. pH and moisture content b. structure and bulk density c. water holding capacity

d. color

103. decarboxylation of malate in the leaves of corn takes place in the:

a. cytosol of mesophyll cells

b. cytosol of the bundle sheath cells

c. mitochondrion of the bundle sheath cells d. peroxisome

104. phenotype refers to the:

a. breeding potential of a plant

b. physical appearance of a plant c. genetic makeup of a plant

d. chromosome content of a nucleus

e. the concentration of phenol in the cytoplasm

105. which of the following must exist in order for the plant breeder to select superior plants?

a. F1 generation

b. artificial hybridization

c. homogenous population d. genetic variation

e. changing environment

106. gene recombination occur as a result of:

a. vegetative propagation b. clonal propagation

c. self-pollination of a pureline d. sexual reproduction

107. the breeding method which may involved bringing a species or variety into an area and using it
without change or additional breeding methods is called:

a. hybridization b. introduction

c. pedigree selection

d. pureline selection e. mass selection

108. inbreeding leads to:

a. heterosis

b. homozygosity c. allelism

d. increase productivity

e. sterility

109. plant breeding is:

a. more of selection than hybridization b. more hybridization than selection

c. equal selection and hybridization

d. more of introduction than hybridization

110. in rice, the best time of the day to conduct emasculation is:

a. in the morning b. in the afternoon c. at noon time

d. anytime of the day

111. phenotype is determined by:

a. genotype

b. environment

c. genotype x environment

d. genotype, environment and genotype x environment

112. the agency involved in approving the release of recommended varieties in the

Philippines:

a. Philippine Seed Board (PSB)

b. National Seed Industry Council (NSIC)

c. Department o Agriculture (DA)

d. International Research Institute (IRRI)

113. a rice floret has how many anthers?

a. 5 b. 11 c. 6 d. 15
114. in the point of view of a seed technologies, a seed has germinated:

a. when the radicle has emerged b. when the plumule has emerged

c. when both the radicle and the plumule have emerged d. none of the above

115. a seed is considered alive in the tetrazolium test when the:

a. whole seed is stained

b. radicle portion is not stained but the nst of the seed is

c. plumule portion is not stained but the est of the seed is d. half the seed is stained

116. seeds which can be dried to a low moisture level but cannot tolerate low temperature

like coffee and papaya are considered:

a. recalcitrant b. orthodox

c. intermediate

d. none of the above

117. which of the following is/are optional requirement/s for favorable seed germination?

a. optimum temperature

b. 20% oxygen concentration c. light

d. proper amount of water e. both a and c

118. the most favorable condition for storing orthodox seed is:

a. dry and cool condition b. dry and hot condition

c. moist and cool condition

d. moist and hot condition

119. hardseededness may be broken by the following methods except:

a. soaking in boiling water for several minutes b. soaking in tap water for 24 hours

c. rubbing the embryo part on sand paper d. both a and b

e. both a and c
f. none of the above

120. among the following desiccants or drying agent, is the most effective, thus a smaller
amount is required:

a. lime

b. charcoal c. silica gel d. wood ash

121. the most suitable substrate for germination best of a very small seeds is:

a. rolled filter paper

b. Petri dish line with filter paper c. ragdoll method

d. sand

122. in storing seed with desiccants, seeds should be placed inside a:

a. polyethylene or plastic bag b. cloth bag

c. aluminum foil d. paper bag

123. the following pairs of reactant/product involved in seed germination are correct except:

a. glycerol-protease b. starch-amylase

c. lipid-amylase

d. fatty acid-lipase

For question no. 124 to 130.

Case 1. The farms in the Ilocos region. Principally the crop are rice or corn during the rainy season
followed by tobacco. Tomato may also be grown because there is a commercial manufacturer of
tomato paste. The climate of Ilocos is distinct wet and dry seasons.

124. the most probable land preparation in the farm is:

a. plowing

b. chemical spray c. slash and burn d. biological

125. the most probable cropping system is:

a. greenhouse cropping b. multiple cropping

c. plantation

d. rural landscaping

126. the food crops are:

a. rice and tobacco

b. tomato and tobacco c. corn and cotton

d. corn and rice

127. the cash crop are:

a. rice and corn

b. tomato and tobacco c. rice and tobacco

d. rice and tomato

128. based on postharvest horticultural classification the perishable are:

a. rice and grain corn b. rice and tobacco

c. green corn and tomato d. tobacco and tomato

129. and the durable crops are:

a. rice and green corn

b. green corn and cotton c. tobacco and tomato

d. tomato and green corn

130. because of the climate the most feasible perennial crop to grow:

a. banana b. mango

c. sorghum

d. durian
Case ll. Cordillera is upland mountainous region. The climate is distinct wet and dry but cool
temperature in the high elevations. The natural fertility of the soil is poor, but high-value crops are
raised.

131. the factor for crop production that is unique asset in Cordillera is:

a. good market of the products

b. irrigation of the crop is not a problem

c. the temperature is because of high elevation d. indigenous people are good terrace builders

132. hilly was converted to crop family by:

a. terracing the mountain slopes

b. construction of Ambuklao and Binga dams for irrigation

c. construction of the Cordillera highway to Bontoc and Banaue d. cutting and planting of pine trees

133. in growing vegetables and flowers in the Cordilleras the fertility of the soil is augmented by:

a. foliar spray of commercially prepared liquid fertilizer b. using chicken manure hauled from the
lowland

c. NPK coming from rain after a long dry season

d. biofertilizer like application of Tricogramma

134. in the Philippines it is only in Cordillera farms that this perennial temperate crops is commercially
grown:

a. banana b. apple

c. grape

d. cauliflower

For questions no. 135 to 139.

Case lll. The Cagayan Valley is drained by the mighty Cagayan River that has plenty of tributaries. There
is also a big irrigation system based on the Magat Dam in Nueva Viscaya. Cagayan Valley is between
Cordillera Mountains and Sierra Madre Mountains. The commercial crops are rice, corn, tobacco and
fruits. There are also pasture grasses. The area is often visited by typhoon.

135. the natural asset of Cagayan Valley when it comes to the commercial crop production is:

a. the people who originate form Ilocos are good farmers b. fertile soil and adequate rainfall or
irrigation

c. market is very good

d. the crop varieties are superior

136. good potential for animal production in Cagayan Valley is due to these crops:

a. tobacco and rice b. rice and corn

c. pasture grass and corn d. fruits and rice

137. the ripening coming form Cagayan Valley for the Metro Manila Market is induced by:

a. potassium permanganate b. potassium nitrate

c. ethylene either from plant parts or chemicals d. calcium carbonate

138. if we are to grow commercially Lakatan and Latundan in Isabela the special practice that is
necessary is:

a. pruning

b. propping c. tapping d. tuxying

139. detaselling corn is a practice that can be recommended to Cagayan corn farmers. It is a

measure to control:

a. rats

b. weeds

c. insect pest d. disease

for Questions No. 140 to 144.

Case lV. The Central Plain of Luzon generally flat and the principal crops are rice, sugarcane, mango and
lowland vegetables. Multiple cropping of rice with vegetables is very feasible. The market for vegetable
is nearer than those coming from the Cordillera.

140. if you have rely cropping of some vegetable like tomato, onion, eggplant or okra after rice a
necessary practice would be:

a. burn the rice straw first

b. assure adequate drainage c. flood the soil for irrigation

d. spray liquid fertilizer before planting vegetables

141. wind breaks in central Luzon during the dry season will;

a. minimize the effect of typhoon

b. minimize soil erosion of soil

c. minimize infestation of locust

d. provide conservation of irrigation water

142. the use of excessive pesticides in rice production and vegetable production pollutes the water
supply. It could be minimize by;

a. practice of integrated pest management

b. imposing high tax to agricultural chemicals

c. requiring the planting of hybrid rice

d. use overhead irrigation instead of flooding

143. El Niño is a phenomenon that would affect the economy of central Luzon. Rice production will be
reduce because;

a. less fertilizer will be used due to high cost

b. globalization will makes the Myanmar rice cheaper than Philippine rice c. irrigation efficiency will
be lower

d. milling recovery of rice is lower

144. sugarcane if Tarlac, Pampanga, and Pangasinan are grown as:

a. catch crop for mango

b. intercrop for lowland rice c. monocrop

d. landscape for local tourism

for Questions No. 145-150.

CASE V. The cropping of southern Tagalog region including Mindoro is high diversified. The high value
crops such as flowers, ornamentals, vegetables, fruits, coffee, black pepper, corn an sugarcane are
growing well including root crops and rice. The region as a whole is generally good for crop production
because of high population density, fertile soil and diversified rainfall pattern.

145. coconut and corn can be made into high value crop by:

a. converting them into feed for animals

b. diversify product lines like buko juice/pie and baby/green corn c. mechanize the production
system

d. modernize irrigation/nutrition management like using hydrophonics

146. coffee and black pepper products are classified as durables. The critical postproduction practice is
storage because:

a. beans and corn don’t dry easily

b. coffee beans and pepper corn absorbed unwanted odor c. the marketing price is steady

d. generally harvesting is laborious

147. the urbanize southern Tagalog region is good for :

a. ornamental crop production b. export crop production

c. plantation agriculture d. fiber crop production

148. landscaping and plant arts are special aspect of crop production that do not require large land
area. This aspect of horticulture increase the value of the plants because of:

a. proper selection of resistant varieties

b. proper selection of appropriate plants to the particular environment c. preference of high “class”
clients

d. adequate advertising

149. postharvesting handling of cut flowers, vegetables, “buko” coconut, fruits and green “sweet” corn
is classified as handling of perishables. The correct practice/technique could be:

a. harvesting sweet corn in the afternoon

b. packaging mango in sacks for easier handling

c. ripening bananas for export to command higher price

d. storage of bananas and mangos in cold storage to reduce respiration

150. To reduce postharvest loses, the care start with the field practices. Among the practice in the field
tat would influence most the postharvest quality of produce is:

a. pruning of plants to reduce diseases b. tim ing of the flower induction

c. irrigation of the crop one day before harvesting

d. harvesting the crop at appropriate maturity for the product

For Questions No. 151-154.

CASE VI. Bicol region raise abaca, coconut and pili in Catanduanes, Sorsogon, and Albay.

Camarines Sur raise abaca, rice, citrus and coconut. Camarines Norte raise ‘Formosa’ or ‘Queen’ usually
under coconut. Masbate is an island that has cattle ranches and coconut farms. The region is usually
visited by typhoon.

151. Hardy perennials are the prevailing commercial crops n Bicol region because of crop-

environment adaptation. The most probable reason would be:

a. Bicol soil are fertile because of many volcanoes

b. land tenure in Bicol are reformed from the former hacienda system c. typhoon brings with it good
amount of rainfall

d. Bicol is far from metropolis that have high demand for food crops
152. coconut in Bicol was afflicted by cadang-cadang. Because of cadang-cadang there is quarantine on
the movement of coconut planting materials. The practice of quarantine is a good to:

a. protect the market of planting materials against competition b. prevent spread of pest and
diseases

c. provide opportunity for taxation

d. encourage regional specialization of crops

153. abaca in Bicol is afflicted by virus diseases. There are techniques to mass produce disease-free
planting materials like:

a. division of corms coming from existing farms

b. tissue culture

c. using desuckering tools

d. grafting abaca with resistant varieties

154. pineapple could be induce to flower anytime of the year. Being a tourist region, pineapple
farmers n this province of Bicol would benefit by having year-round income fro pineapple if they would
practice the use of Ethrel to induce flowering in pineapple:

a. Catanduanes

b. Albay

c. Sorsogon

d. Camarines Sur

for Questions No. 155-164.

CASE VII. the Visayan islands of Bohol and Cebu raise corn primarily for food. Samar and Leyte islands
raise coconut, abaca, and rice. Negros and Panay produce most of the sugar that are exported.
Guimaras and Cebu are famous for mangoes. Pina fibers are only produced in Aklan. All islands have
upland areas that are being denuded.

155. one of the farming systems appropriate in the uplands is:

a. pastoral ranching b. agroforestry

c. integrated sugar-alcohol industry d. container agriculture

156. agro-industrial Integration in island economy such those in the Visayas is good to

balance in the population growth with job opportunities. The primary processing of

‘carabao’ and ‘saba’ would have value added to the farm products when processed as:

a. fruit cocktail

b. fruit cake c. dried fruit

d. fruit flavored ice cream

157. the fiber industry of abaca and pina are native to the Philippines. Abaca and pineapple for fiber
would be more acceptable for improvement through genetic engineering (GMO) because:

a. the consumer product are not food

b. there are more biodiversity in the Philippines

c. American and European can not compete with us d. they are suitable for mechanization

158. in computing for the population per hectare of mango for high density planting the

formula would be:

a. distance in feet between rows and hills multiplied by the no. of rows

b. 10,000 divided by the product of the distance between rows in meters multiplied by distance
between plants in the row in meters

c. product of the width multiplied by length in meters divided by number of rows d. 10,000 divided
by 25

159. the root crops like ube and gabi are propagated commercially by:

a. suckers b. division

c. root cuttings

d. runners

160. sugarcane are propagated commercially by stem cuttings and irrigated by furrow and overhead
method. Integrated farming with sugarcane could be:

a. sugarcane with livestock

b. fishery and sugarcane c. intercropping with rice

d. relay cropping with coconut

161. corn production in Cebu and Bohol are primarily for food and staple. In growing corn, the most
feasible nutrition management by using:

a. Bio-N(Azospirillum) plus chicken manure b. mulching with plastic sheet

c. foliar spray of micronutrient

d. applying burnt leaves for its ash

162. special practices in the control of pest of mango in Cebu and Iloilo is by:

a. spraying the fruits with Malathion

b. bagging the fruits individually with paper bag

c. smudging by burning dried leaves before flowering d. pruning

163. Bohol and Cebu soil are calcareous, and therefore the soils is towards the alkaline reaction. The
soil chemical reaction could be improved by:

a. application of NPK or complete fertilizer

b. application of ammonium sulfate

c. application of liquid urea injected into the soil d. application of lime

164. irrigation of sugarcane and corn could be furrow or overhead method. The most appropriate
irrigation method for greenhouse that could incorporate fertilizer nutrient is by:

a. overhead irrigation b. flooding

c. drip irrigation

d. furrow irrigation

CASE VIII. Mindanao has well distributed rainfall and fertile soil. The principal crops are corn n
Bukidnon and Cotabato, pineapple in Misamis Oriental and Davao, rubber in Zamboanga Sur, Basilan,
Cotabato and Agusan. Rice, coconut and corn are almost

in all provinces, palm oil in Agusan and Sultan Kudarat. bananas and other fruits in
Davao and General Santos area.

165. perennial export crops are grown as:

a. plantation monocrop farming b. agroforestry crop

c. integrated agro-industrial farming d. hacienda farming

166. corn growing in Mindanao could be mechanized at the level of:

a. mechanical land preparation, planting, harvesting and postproduction handling b. crop

improvement by GMO-corn

c. multiple cropping with vegetables for home consumption and local market

d. crop protection using biological control

167. in large farms, the selection of planting materials for rubber, citrus, durian, rambutan, pummelo,
and lansones the recommended practice to assure good production like that of the selected
varieties/clones is:

a. seedlings b. grafting

c. cuttings

d. marcotting

168. if you are pioneer in Mindanao, site selection and choice of appropriate crop require your
knowledge of:

a. soil and rainfall pattern only

b. soil, climatic and biological indicators of the crop

c. soil and climatic characteristics, biological and economic characteristics of the crop, and culture of
the community

d. soil, rainfall, population of community and technology of the crop

169. in agroforestry system in Mindanao, some good practices are:

a. slopping agriculture for rubber plantation

b. industrial tree farming purely for paper industries

c. cattle raising under coconuts with appropriate legume trees and pasture management

d. papaya and pineapple intercropping

170. mangosteen and marang are exotic fruits grown in Mindanao. They are generally propagated by
seeds. After eating the fruit, the seeds are germinated right away within a week because they don’t
store well. The reason is:

a. seeds of mangosteen and marang are orthodox seeds

b. seeds of mangosteen are apomictic

c. seeds of mangosteen and marang are recalcitrant seeds d. seeds germinate only in the dark

171. the practice of plowing and fertilization of coconut increase the yield of coconut. But the yield
increase attributed to the practice would be observed only after 3 years. One solution in farm
management is:

a. practice intercropping with crops that respond to fertilization within a year

b. plow only but don’t fertilize anymore because fertilizer are expensive c. market ‘buko’ instead of
copra as coconut products

d. provide irrigation by furrow or flooding

172. surface irrigation of lowland rice by flooding and corn by furrow irrigation, utilize too much
water. Pump irrigation is advisable for lowland rice and corn:

a. when feasibility indicate an increase in production and profit

b. when stage of a crop like milking stage coincide with adequate rainfall c. when rice and corn are
planted as intercrops during rainy season

d. when high value crops could be grown also in the farm by hydrophonics

173. lansones season in Camiguin and Visayas do not coincide with the season in southern Tagalog
region. This is good for the farmers because with longer season there is less fluctuation of price and it
stabilize at a level that is profitable to the producer. Lansones can be induced to flower by:

a. pruning

b. irrigation after a long dry months c. chemical spray

d. smoking

174. grape culture requires support trellis like other vine crops. It is induced to flower by:

a. irrigation

b. chemical spraying
c. smudging d. pruning

175. because crop production/farming is a regular activity of rural people and without it they will
never have a normal life, farming is considered a:

a. business b. art

c. technology

d. culture (a way of life)

176. trade liberalization could lead to declining demand for locally grown products as manifested by:

a. increasing tendency to buy imported fruit products

b. greater desire of balikbayan to buy traditional native products c. greater utilization of modern
technologies

d. television advertising and computer marketing

177. the increasing interest in the used of organic food and tradition medicine is due to the public
perception or belief that:

a. natural products are harmful than those products with synthetic inputs b. natural products are
cheaper in the market

c. foods produced using chemicals (synthetic fertilizes and pesticides)

d. foods produced without pesticide and synthetic fertilizer are safer

178. the rapid industrialization cause the increase in value of agricultural ands near population center,
resulting to:

a. large-scale reduction of out forested lands b. massive land conversion of farm lands

c. massive movement of work forces to other countries

d. excessive garbage problem

179. the three major crops of the Philippines in terms of land area cultivated are:

a. abaca, rice and coconut b. rice, corn and coconut

c. corn, abaca and banana d. banana, sugar, coffee

180. the leading agricultural export crop of the country is:

a. banana b. sugar
c. abaca

d. coconut

181. self-sufficiency(annual) in rice in the Philippines:

a. had never been attained

b. had never been achieved before

c. is impossible because of high population

d. is possible because IRRI is in the Philippines

182. corn production in the Philippines is:

a. mainly used for animal feed manufacturing b. mostly consume by peoples’ staple food

c. only supplied by our Mindanao farmers d. consumed only in Cebu and Bohol

183. forest denudation results into this possibility;

a. decreased agricultural production area

b. severe erosion of topsoil leading to less fertile uplands

c. movement of urban settlers to rural communities d. reduction of pest in agriculture

184. high population growth rate could possibly mean:

a. less worker/labor forces for agricultural production

b. more people in urban area and greater demand of agricultural produce c. bad prospects of
agriculture because of lower prices of farm products d. prosperity for all

185. greater population with low productivity could lead to:

a. general poverty among the people b. higher taxes

c. migration of work forces to rural areas

d. professional agriculturist e. none of the above

186. urbanization and industrialization always result into:

a. decrease in agricultural production area b. migration of rural population

c. increase in labor availability for farming d. liberalization of trading

187. coconut industry should not be a drying industry. it should be maintained and improved,
because:

a. it earns substantial dollar returns as an export crop

b. it gives less income to the coconut farmers

c. it’s a disorganized sector of farmers who should benefit the most d. it is a colonial crop

188. genetically modified organisms could lead to the following problem:

a. reduced the production in the crop concerned

b. monopoly in the supply and distribution of seeds c. reduced the damage due to the target pests

d. indigenous practice will dominate the seed industry

189. site characterization and selection of crop production in the Philippines required knowledge of:

a. geographical characteristics of the area

b. botanical characteristics of major tropical crops

c. indicators of land, climate, crops, ecology, culture and market dynamics d. geography, soil and
climate characteristics only

190. the comprehensive land reform program coverage is for cropland of:

a. rice and corn only

b. sugarcane and coconut c. lowland

d. all agricultural lands regardless of crops

191. modern crop agriculture would require:

a. indigenous knowledge

b. knowledge from research only

c. knowledge synthesized from internet information d. knowledge of all kinds and from all sources

192. the factors affecting the food and fiber production in the Philippines and elsewhere are:
population dynamics; environmental factor of production like light, water and temperature; land and
soil resources; and production technology (variety, culture, postharvest, etc.). To maintained the food
and fiber self-sufficiency within the context of our culture the best thing to do is:

a. manage population to slower growth rate

b. invest in infrastructure that will control environment factors c. increase land under crop
cultivation

d. transform production technology into practices that will increase farm productivity

193. soil erosion control is important in Philippines agriculture because:

a. we have to conserve water in terraces

b. growing upland crops like corn and vegetable require fertile soils

c. there is too much rainfall during some months and large cultivated areas are sloping

d. population is increasing and more people have to eat

194. in modern Philippine agriculture the selection for planting materials for both annual and
perennial is guide by:

a. demand of foreign markets

b. yield and quality of processed products c. adaptability of the planting material

d. recommendation of seed dealers

195. seeds or seedling are better planting materials than asexual or vegetative propagular when:

a. there is benefit of hybrid vigor b. crops could be direct seeded

c. crops can be propagated by seeds

d. crops can be grafted or rooted as cuttings

196. classification of seeds are based on these concepts:

a. orthodox seeds can be kept for long periods in storage when moisture content is low

b. recalcitrant seeds are more associated with perennial horticultural crops c. seeds of corn, rice,
eggplant and squash are recalcitrant seeds

d. seeds of rambutan, mango and avocado are orthodox seeds

197. kaingin system is primarily subsistence farming. The form of planting crops generally:

a. direct seeding of food crops like rice, corn, beans by dibble method

b. growing perennial crops by hedges row across slope with food crop between rows

c. mixed cropping of perennials for export market

d. regular distance of crops either by squared, rectangular, or triangular layout

198. in farming, the method that would minimize soil erosion:

a. plowing up and down the slope

b. providing hedgerow of kakawate and ipil-ipil across the slope and planting crops between the
hedgerows

c. providing drainage canal in any manner d. pasture grazing along slopes

199. the best type of planting materials for crops like cereals and field legumes are:

a. seeds

b. stem cuttings c. root cuttings

d. tissue cultured plants

200. sexual propagation is preferred over sexual propagation because

a. planting materials are easy to produce, inexpensive and have hybrid vigor b. offsprings are true-
to-type and early bearers

c. offsprings produced are smaller in height

d. offspring are late bearer and there is no incompatibility

201. surface irrigation should be in:

a. flooding rice fields during dry season only

b. furrow irrigation of corn and basin irrigation of fruit-trees during the rainy season c. gravity
irrigation of rice terraces

d. flooding, furrow, or basin irrigation of most crops when soil is dry and there is plenty of water

202. in determining when to irrigate:

a. leaves of crops wilt in the afternoon but not in the morning

b. using sand-cum-soil miniplot technique, when the crop in the miniplot shows wilting

c. when based on calculation, the amount of evapotranspiration is less than the amount of natural
precipitation

d. every two weeks regardless of kind of crops grown

203. the loss of water during the stage of the crop that irrigation is needed by:

a. seepage and precipitation of irrigation by drip method

b. evaporation of water from leaves and transpiration from the soil surface c. evaporation of water
by the overhead irrigation method

d. transpiration of water from flooded rice fields