QUARTILE, DECILE

AND PERCENTILE
UNGROUPED AND GROUPED DATA

*FOR GROUPED DATA: THE MEDIAN, QUARTILE, DECILE AND PERCENTILE HAVE THE SAME PROCESS.
MEASURE OF POSITION: THE QUARTILES
FOR UNGROUPED DATA

• The Quartiles are the score points that divide a

distribution into FOUR EQUAL parts.
• To compute for the kth quartile use the formula:
𝑘(𝑛+1)
• 𝑄𝑘 =
4
MEASURE OF POSITION: THE QUARTILES
FOR UNGROUPED DATA
• Example : Find the first, second and third quartiles of the ages of middle management
employees of certain company. The ages are: 53, 45, 59, 48, 54, 46, 51, 58 and 55
- Solution: Arrange the ages in ascending order
45, 46 , 48, 51, 53, 54, 55, 58, 59
First Quartile = 𝑄1 k=1 n=9
𝑘(𝑛+1) (10)
- 𝑄1 = =
4 4

1(9+1)
= = 2. 5 (The 1st Quartile is on the 2.5th obervation)
4

1(10) 46+48
= = 𝑄1 = 47
4 2
MEASURE OF POSITION: THE QUARTILES
FOR UNGROUPED DATA
• Example : Find the first, second and third quartiles of the ages of middle management
employees of certain company. The ages are: 53, 45, 59, 48, 54, 46, 51, 58 and 55
- Solution: Arrange the ages in ascending order
45, 46, 48, 51, 53, 54, 55, 58, 59
Second Quartile = 𝑄2 k=2 n=9
𝑘(𝑛+1) 20
- 𝑄2 = =
4 4
2(9+1)
= = 5 (The 2nd quartile is on the 5th observation)
4
2(10)
= 4
𝑄2 = 53
MEASURE OF POSITION: THE QUARTILES
FOR UNGROUPED DATA
• Example 1: Find the first, second and third quartiles of the ages of middle management
employees of certain company. The ages are: 53, 45, 59, 48, 54, 46, 51, 58 and 55
- Solution: Arrange the ages in ascending order
45, 46, 48, 51, 53, 54, 55, 58, 59
Third Quartile = 𝑄3 k=3 n=9
𝑘(𝑛+1) 30
- 𝑄3 = =
4 4
3(9+1)
= = 7.5 (The third quartile is on the 7.5th observation)
4
3(10) 55+58
= = 𝑄3 = 56.5
4 2
MEASURE OF POSITION: THE DECILES
FOR UNGROUPED DATA

• The Quartiles are the score points that divide a

distribution into TEN (10) EQUAL parts.
• To compute for the kth decile use the formula:
𝑘(𝑛+1)
• 𝐷𝑘 =
10
MEASURE OF POSITION: THE DECILES
FOR UNGROUPED DATA
• Example 1: Find the fourth, and fifth deciles of the ages of middle management employees
of certain company. The ages are: 53, 45, 59, 48, 54, 46, 51, 58 and 55
- Solution: Arrange the ages in ascending order
45, 46, 48, 51, 53, 54, 55, 58, 59
Fourth Decile = 𝐷4 k=4 n=9
𝑘(𝑛+1) 40
- 𝐷4 = =
10 10
4(9+1)
= = 4 ( The decile is on the 4th observation)
10
4(10)
= 𝐷4 = 51
10
MEASURE OF POSITION: THE DECILES
FOR UNGROUPED DATA
• Example1 : Find the fourth, and fifth deciles of the ages of middle management employees
of certain company. The ages are: 53, 45, 59, 48, 54, 46, 51, 58 and 55
- Solution: Arrange the ages in ascending order
45, 46, 48, 51, 53, 54, 55, 58, 59
Fifth Decile = 𝐷5 k=5 n=9
𝑘(𝑛+1) 50
- 𝐷5 = =
10 10
5 (9+1)
= = 5 ( The fifth decile is on the 5th observation)
10
5(10)
= 𝐷5 = 53
10
MEASURE OF POSITION: THE DECILES
FOR UNGROUPED DATA
• Example 2: Find the 6th decile of the scores in a quiz below:
4, 5, 8, 12, 3, 18, 10
- Solution: Arrange the scores in increasing order.
- 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12, 18
6th Decile = 𝐷6 k=6 n=7
𝑘(𝑛+1) 48
- 𝐷6 = =
10 10
6(7+1)
= = 4.8 or 5 (round up) * Always round UP your answer*
10
6(8)
= 𝐷6 = 10
10
MEASURE OF POSITION: THE PERCENTILE
FOR UNGROUPED DATA

• The Percentile are values that divide a set of

observation in an array into 100 equal parts
• To compute for the kth percentile use the formula:
𝑘(𝑛+1)
• 𝑃𝑘 =
100
MEASURE OF POSITION: THE PERCENTILE
FOR UNGROUPED DATA
• Example: Find the 75th percentile scores in a quiz below.
4, 5, 8, 12, 3, 18, 10
- Solution: Arrange the scores in increasing order.
- 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 12, 18
Fourth Decile = 𝑃75 k = 75 n=7
𝑘(𝑛+1) 600
- 𝑃75 = =
100 100
75(7+1)
= = 6th observation
100
75(8)
= 𝑃75 = 12
100
MEASURE OF POSITION: THE QUARTILES
FOR GROUPED DATA
• To find the quartile of grouped data, the formula below is used:
𝑘𝑛
− 𝑐𝑓𝑏
• 𝑄𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + 4
𝑓𝑄𝑘
i

Where: LB – lower boundary of the 𝑄𝑘 class

n = total frequency
𝑐𝑓𝑏 = cumulative frequency of the class before the 𝑄𝑘 class
𝑓𝑄𝑘 = frequency of the 𝑄𝑘 class
i = class interval
k = nth quartile, n = 1, 2, 3
 MEASURE OF POSITION: THE QUARTILES
FOR GROUPED DATA
• Example: Calculate the 𝑄1 , 𝑄2 , 𝑄3 and interquartile range of the test scores of 50 students in Math.

C.I. F
86-90 8
81-85 5
76-80 7
71-75 9
66-70 10
61-65 4
56-60 3
51-55 4
i=5 n = 50
 MEASURE OF POSITION: THE QUARTILES
FOR GROUPED DATA
• Example: Calculate the 𝑄1 , 𝑄2 , 𝑄3 and interquartile range of the test scores of 50 students in Math.

Step 1: Get the Lower boundaries (LB) and the cumulative frequency (𝑐𝑓𝑏 )

C.I. F LB 𝑐𝑓𝑏
86-90 8 85.5 50
81-85 5 80.5 42
76-80 7 75.5 37
71-75 9 70.5 30
66-70 10 65.5 21
61-65 4 60.5 11
56-60 3 55.5 7
51-55 4 50.5 4
i=5 n = 50
Example: Calculate the 𝑄1 , 𝑄2 , 𝑄3 and interquartile range of the test scores of 50 students in Math.

A. To solve for 𝑄1

𝑘𝑛 1(50) 50
𝑄1 = = = = 12.5
4 4 4

The class where 12.5th score falls is in the

class interval 66-70
LB = 65.5 𝑐𝑓𝑏 = 11 i=5
n = 50 𝑓𝑄1 = 10 k=1
*Substitute the given to the formula
𝑘𝑛
− 𝑐𝑓𝑏
𝑄1 = 𝐿𝐵 + 4
i
𝑓𝑄1
12.5 −11
=65.5 + 5
10
1.5
= 65.5 + 5 𝑄1 𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
10
7.5
= 65.5 + 10
= 65.5 + 0.75
𝑄1 = 66.25
Example: Calculate the 𝑄1 , 𝑄2 , 𝑄3 and interquartile range of the test scores of 50 students in Math.

B. To solve for 𝑄2

𝑘𝑛 2(50) 100
𝑄2 = = = = 25
4 4 4

The class where 25th score falls is in the

class interval 71-75
LB = 70.5 𝑐𝑓𝑏 = 21 i=5
n = 50 𝑓𝑄1 = 9 k=2
*Substitute the given to the formula
𝑘𝑛
− 𝑐𝑓𝑏
𝑄2 = 𝐿𝐵 + 4
i
𝑓𝑄2
25 −21
= 70.5 + 5
9
4
= 70. 5 + 5 𝑄2 𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
9
20
= 70.5 + 9
= 70.5 + 2.22
𝑄2 = 72.72
Example: Calculate the 𝑄1 , 𝑄2 , 𝑄3 and interquartile range of the test scores of 50 students in Math.

C. To solve for 𝑄3

𝑘𝑛 3(50) 150
𝑄3 = = = = 37.5
4 4 4

The class where 37.5th score falls is in the

class interval 81-85
LB = 80.5 𝑐𝑓𝑏 = 37 i=5
n = 50 𝑓𝑄1 = 5 k=3
*Substitute the given to the formula
𝑘𝑛
− 𝑐𝑓𝑏
𝑄3 = 𝐿𝐵 + 4
i
𝑓𝑄3
37.5 −37
= 80.5 + 5
5
0.5
= 80. 5 + 5 𝑄3 𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
5
2.5
= 80.5 + D. To solve for the interquartile range (IR)
5
= 80.5 + 0.5 IR = 𝑄3 - 𝑄1
𝑄3 = 81 = 81 – 66.25 IR = 14.75
MEASURE OF POSITION: THE DECILE
FOR GROUPED DATA
• To find the quartile of grouped data, the formula below is used:
𝑘𝑛
− 𝑐𝑓𝑏
• 𝐷𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + 10
𝑓𝐷𝑘
i

Where: LB – lower boundary of the 𝐷𝑘 class

n = total frequency
𝑐𝑓𝑏 = cumulative frequency of the class before the 𝐷𝑘 class
𝑓𝐷𝑘 = frequency of the 𝐷𝑘 class
i = class interval
k = nth decile, n = 1, 2, 3, ..., 9
 MEASURE OF POSITION: THE DECILE
FOR GROUPED DATA
• Example: Calculate the 𝐷4 of the test scores of 50 students in Math.

C.I. F
86-90 8
81-85 5
76-80 7
71-75 9
66-70 10
61-65 4
56-60 3
51-55 4
i=5 n = 50
 MEASURE OF POSITION: THE DECILE
FOR GROUPED DATA
• Example: Calculate the 𝐷4 of the test scores of 50 students in Math.

Step 1: Get the Lower boundaries (LB) and the cumulative frequency (𝑐𝑓𝑏 )

C.I. F LB 𝑐𝑓𝑏
86-90 8 85.5 50
81-85 5 80.5 42
76-80 7 75.5 37
71-75 9 70.5 30
66-70 10 65.5 21
61-65 4 60.5 11
56-60 3 55.5 7
51-55 4 50.5 4
i=5 n = 50
Example: Calculate the 𝐷4 of the test scores of 50 students in Math.

To solve for 𝐷4

𝑘𝑛 4(50) 200
𝐷4 = = = = 20
10 10 10

The 20th falls in the interval 66-70

LB = 65.5 𝑐𝑓𝑏 =11 i=5

n = 50 𝑓𝐷4 = 10 K=4
*Substitute the given to the formula
𝑘𝑛
− 𝑐𝑓𝑏
𝐷4 = 𝐿𝐵 + 10
i
𝑓𝐷4
20 −11
= 65.5 + 5
10
9
= 65. 5 + 5 𝐷 4 𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
10
45
= 65.5 + 10
= 65.5 + 4.5
𝐷4 = 70
MEASURE OF POSITION: THE PERCENTILE
FOR GROUPED DATA
• To find the percentile of grouped data, the formula below is used:
𝑘𝑛
− 𝑐𝑓𝑏
• 𝑃𝑘 = 𝐿𝐵 + 100
𝑓𝑃𝑘
i

Where: LB – lower boundary of the 𝑃𝑘 class

n = total frequency
𝑐𝑓𝑏 = cumulative frequency of the class before the )𝑘 class
𝑓𝑃𝑘 = frequency of the 𝑃𝑘 class
i = class interval
k = nth percentile, n = 1, 2, 3, ..., 99
 MEASURE OF POSITION: THE PERCENTILE
FOR GROUPED DATA
• Example: Calculate the 𝑃40 of the test scores of 50 students in Math.

C.I. F
86-90 8
81-85 5
76-80 7
71-75 9
66-70 10
61-65 4
56-60 3
51-55 4
i=5 n = 50
 MEASURE OF POSITION: THE PERCENTILE
FOR GROUPED DATA
• Example: Calculate the 𝑃40 of the test scores of 50 students in Math.

Step 1: Get the Lower boundaries (LB) and the cumulative frequency (𝑐𝑓𝑏 )

C.I. F LB 𝑐𝑓𝑏
86-90 8 85.5 50
81-85 5 80.5 42
76-80 7 75.5 37
71-75 9 70.5 30
66-70 10 65.5 21
61-65 4 60.5 11
56-60 3 55.5 7
51-55 4 50.5 4
i=5 n = 50
Example: Calculate the 𝑃40 of the test scores of 50 students in Math.

To solve for 𝑃40

𝑘𝑛 40(50) 2000
𝑃40 = 100 = = = 20
100 100

The 20th falls in the interval 66-70

LB = 65.5 𝑐𝑓𝑏 =11 i=5

n = 50 𝑓𝑃4 = 10 K = 40
*Substitute the given to the formula
𝑘𝑛
− 𝑐𝑓𝑏
𝑃40 = 𝐿𝐵 + 100
i
𝑓𝑃40
20 −11
= 65.5 + 5
10
9
= 65. 5 + 5 𝑃40 𝐶𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑠
10
45
= 65.5 + 10
= 65.5 + 4.5
𝑃40 = 70
ANSWER THE ACTIVITY GIVEN BELOW
KINDLY PM ME YOUR ANSWER ON OR BEFORE
MARCH 27 (FRIDAY). THANK YOU. ☺
COMPLETE THE TABLE AND
SOLVE FOR THE MEAN, MEDIAN, MODE,
1ST ,2ND AND 3RD QUARTILE, 5TH DECILE AND 5OTH PERCENTILE

CI F x fx 𝑐𝑓𝑏 LB
65-69 9
60-64 12
55-59 16
50-54 18
45-49 6
40-44 4
i=5 n= Ʃfx =
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING ACTIVITIES

• PAGES 234-236
• Pages 239 – 241
• Pages 244-246

• STUDY LESSONS 1 TO 4 (PAGES 231-247)

• STUDY ALSO YOUR LECTURE ABOUT THE MEAN, MEDIAN AND MODE
*This Lecture and activities that are given to you will serve as your reviewer for the 4th Grading Periodical
Exam.
BE SAFE AND STAY HEALTHY!!!