COVER PAGE

ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

OF NURSING STUDENTS IN COLLEGE OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY

KAFANCHAN CAMPUS, KADUNA STATE

BY

ISHAYA EMMANUELLA

INDEX NUMBER: 2019/1852/59854/N

KADUNA STATE COLLEGE OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY

P.M.B 1014, KAFANCHAN

MAY, 2021
 TITLE PAGE

ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

OF NURSING STUDENTS IN COLLEGE OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY

KAFANCHAN CAMPUS, KADUNA STATE

BY

ISHAYA EMMANUELLA

INDEX NUMBER: 2019/1852/59854/N

KADUNA STATE COLLEGE OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY P.M.B 1014,

KAFANCHAN

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT OF NURSING AND

WIDWIFERY COUNCIL OF NIGERIA FOR THE AWARD OF “REGISTERED

NURSE”

MAY, 2021
 DECLARATION

This is to declare that this research project titled “Assessing the Impact of Social Media on

Academic Performance of Nursing Students, Kaduna State college of nursing and Midwifery

Kafanchan Campus Kaduna State” was carried out by Ishaya Emmanuella is solely the result

of my work except where acknowledged as being derived from other person(s) or resources

Examination number____________________________

School_______________________________________

Signature_____________________________________
 CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that this research project by ISHAYA EMMANUELLA with examination

number__________________ has been examined and approved for the award of

REGISTERED NURSE CERTIFICATE.

________________________ _______________________
Mrs. Patience Haruna Bitiyong Date
BSc. Psychology
Project supervisor.

__________________________ _______________________
Mr. Tachio Zachariah Date
RN, BNSc, PDGE
Director School of Nursing.

________________________ ________________________
External Examiner. Date
 [

ABSTRACT

The study was conducted on assessing the impact of social media on academic performance of
nursing student in Kaduna State College of Nursing and Midwifery Kafanchan Campus. The
study is set to find out positive and negative use of social media on academic performance and
suggest possible ways of effective use of social media on academic. The significance of the
study is to know the impact of social media on academic performance and to enlighten the
student on the effective use of social media for academics and the study findings will serve as a
reference material for future researchers. A descriptive survey was conducted were
respondents from the total population were drown using a stratified random sampling. The
instrument for data collection were self structured questionnaires based on objectives of the
study. Data were analyzed using frequency tables, percentage and likert scale. Mean was used
to present the result on the positive effect of social media on academic performance, the
respondents agreed that social media has made search for academic materials and assignment
easy, agreed it widen knowledge and broaden reading skills and has made learning accessible
and easy. The result on the negative effect of social media on academic performance showed
that 62% respondent have not been affected negatively while 38% were affected, ways of
effective use of social media by respondents was 1-2 hours daily with 49%. It can be concluded
that social media has positively affected their academic performance by improving their grade
but has no significant negative effect on academic performance. Therefore, recommendations
made for this study is for student to minimize the time spent on social media and Nursing
Tutors should adopt new strategies by channeling assignment of discussions on social media
platform to help inculcate the habit of using this sites for academic work.
 DEDICATION

I dedicate this work to God Almighty for his love and providence over my life and for being

the source of my strength. I forever remain grateful.

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I remain indebted to the management and staff of college of nursing for giving me the

opportunity to study. I sincerely appreciate my supervisor in person of Mrs. Patience Bityong

for her patience and guidance throughout this work. May the lord of Host bless you.

My profound gratitude goes to my lovely mummy Afiniki Kasa and her family for the love,

encouragement and financial support offered to me throughout my stay in college. May the

good Lord reward and keep you. I also want to appreciate my super mother Mrs. Rhoda Ishaya

for her prayers and support. My brothers and sisters I say a big thank you for your support in

diverse ways I love you all. I want to appreciate all my friends Ture Yakubu, Rita Lamba

Hassan, Sarah Panga and the entire members of set BN/2017, journey with you all has been

amazing, may God continue to keep us together in love. I say a big thank you to F.C.N college

of nursing and midwifery Kafanchan chapter for the unforgettably impact you made in my life

thank you so much.

 TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE..........................................................................................................................................i
TITLE PAGE...........................................................................................................................................ii
DECLARATION.....................................................................................................................................iii
CERTIFICATION...................................................................................................................................iv
ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................................................v
DEDICATION........................................................................................................................................vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT......................................................................................................................vii
CHAPTER ONE......................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................1
1.1 Background to the Study....................................................................................................................1
1.4 Research Questions............................................................................................................................3
1.6 Scope of Study...................................................................................................................................4
1.7 Operational Definition of Terms........................................................................................................4
CHAPTER TWO.....................................................................................................................................5
LITERATURE REVIEW.........................................................................................................................5
2.1 Conceptual Review.................................................................................................................5
2.1.1 Positive Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance............................................................5
2.1.2 Negative Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance...........................................................7
2.1.3 Ways of Effective Use of Social Media...........................................................................................8
2.1.4 Concept of Academic Performance.................................................................................................9
2.3 Application to the Study...................................................................................................................11
2.4 Empirical Review.............................................................................................................................11
2.3.1 Positive Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance..........................................................11
2.3.2 Negative Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance.........................................................12
2.3.3 Ways of Effective Use of Social Media.........................................................................................13
CHAPTER THREE................................................................................................................................14
3.0 Methodology..............................................................................................................................14
3.1 Design of the Study....................................................................................................................14
3.2 Research Setting.........................................................................................................................14
3.3 Target Population.......................................................................................................................14
3.4 Sample Size................................................................................................................................15
3.5 Sample Technique......................................................................................................................15
3.6 Instrument for Data Collection...................................................................................................15
3.7 Validity of Instrument................................................................................................................16
3.8 Reliability of the Instrument.......................................................................................................16
3.9 Method of Data Collection.........................................................................................................16
3.10 Method of Data Analysis............................................................................................................16
3.11 Ethical Consideration.....................................................................................................................16
CHAPTER FOUR..................................................................................................................................17
INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................17
Research Question 1……………………………………………………………………………………18
Research Question 2 ………………………………………………………………………………..….19
Research Question 3 ……………………………………………………………………………………20

CHAPTER FIVE....................................................................................................................................23
5.0 Discussion of Finding.......................................................................................................................23
5.1 Positive Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance.............................................................23
5.2 Negative Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance............................................................24
5.3 Ways of Effective Use of Social Media............................................................................................24
5.4 Implication of Findings to Nursing...................................................................................................24
5.5 Limitation of the Study.....................................................................................................................25
5.6 Summary of the Study......................................................................................................................25
5.7 Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................25
5.8 Recommendation..............................................................................................................................26
REFERENCES.......................................................................................................................................27
APPENDIX............................................................................................................................................29
 CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study

The internet has created a platform for millions of computers at numerous sites in

various countries, belonging to thousands of business, government, research institution,

educations and other organizations to link up with one another. It provides a very rich medium

for information dissemination, exchange and collaboration between individual and computers

without regards for geographical limitation of space (Ugwulebo & Okoro, 2016).

Social networking has become a common international trend which has spread across almost

every corner of the world, the use of social media site have exploded and evolved into online

platform where people create content, share it, bookmark it and network at a prodigious rate

because of its use, speed and research social media is fast changing the public discourse in

society and setting trends agenda in topics that range from the environment politics to

technology and entertainment industry (Asur & Huberman,(2010) as cited in Agwi Uche

Celestine, 2018). There have been various views and opinions which recognize four major

advantages of social media use in higher education. These include, enhancing relationship,

improving learning motivation, offering personalized course materials and developing

collaborative abilities (Wheler, Yeomans & Rifkin, (2010) as cited in Kolan Bernerd, 2018).

The use of social media like (Facebook, YouTube, twitter and Whatsapp) by students today is

resulting to mass failure in academic achievement (David (2014) as cited in Nwazor Joseph
Chukwudi 2015). This is because students these days spend more time chatting with their

friends rather than engaging in research or reading their books. A growing number of Nigerian

scholars agree that addiction to social media sites have become a distractive technology to

students academic work in higher education, among the scholar is Oluwatoyin (2017) who

surveyed 1,860 Facebook users from the Lagos state university and found that 90% of the

student could not get up to cumulative grade point average (CGPA) above 3.50 because they

have spend a large part of their time on social media than on their home work and study time.

It is against this background that the study is set out to assess the effect of social media on

academic performance among students nurses in college of nursing and Midwifery Kafanchan.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Social media even though it’s of great and vast importance, has an adverse effect on student

academic performance with 80.1% (Owusu-Acheaw and Larson (2015)). These adverse effects

may possibly be linked to student’s high withdrawal, repeat and resit (refer) in the study setting

which prompt the researcher to assess the impact of social media on academic performance of

student nurses

1.3 Objectives of the study

To asses the impact of social media on academic performance among student nurses in college

of nursing and midwifery.

 i. To ascertain the positive effect of social media on academic performance on student

nurses in college of nursing and midwifery Kafanchan.

ii. To find out the negative effect of social media on academic performance on student

Nurses in college of nursing and midwifery Kafanchan.

iii. Possible way of effective use of social media.

1.4 Research Questions

i. What are the positive effects of social media on academic performance of student nurses in

college of nursing and midwifery Kafanchan?

ii. What are the negative effects of social media on academic performance of student nurses in

college of nursing and midwifery Kafanchan?

iii. What are the possible ways of effective use of social media?

1.5 Significant of the Study

i. Findings of the study will enlighten the student on the effective use of social media on

their academic performance.

ii. It will enable the lecturers to educate the student on the implication of the effect of social

media.

iii. It will also serve as a source of literature for further studies.

1.6 Scope of Study

The scope of this study is to assess the impact of social media on academic performance of

student nurses in college of nursing and midwifery Kafanchan.

1.7 Operational Definition of Terms

1. Assess: means to evaluate or estimate something in a given population

2. Social media: are interactive computer mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and

sharing of information, ideas, career interest and other forms of expression Via visual

communities and network.

3. Student: a learner who is enrolled in an educational institution.

4. Impact: Means to affect or influence a situation process or person.

5. Academic: It is concern with studying from books and having a love of or aptitudes for

learning

6. Academic Performance: Represent achievement outcome that indicates the extents to

which a person has accomplished specific goals.

7. Student Nurse: Is a person who is undergoing training in a nursing training institute in

other to be certify as a nurse to practice within and outside the country.

 CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Conceptual Review

Concept of Social Media

In recent years, technology has tried to fulfill its role in helping humanity leading to substantial

medium of interaction in the social world i.e. teaching and learning (Raymond & Afua, 2016).

Social media are modern interactive communication channels through which people connect to

one another, share ideas, experiences, pictures, messages and information of common interest

(Ezeah, Asogwa & Edogor, 2015). Chung (2017) also defined social media as a wide range of

internet based and mobile services that allow users to participate in online exchanges,

contribute user-created content or join online communities. There are different kinds of

internet based and mobile services commonly associated with social media (sometimes

referred to as web 2.0) which includes blogs, wikis, social bookmarking, social networking

sites, virtual world content and media sharing sites.

Social media have become an integral part of student social life as it presents both negative and

positive effect on their academic performance.

2.1.1 Positive Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance

Several studies have affirmed that social media plays an important role on student in higher

education. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and

 technology Vol. 6, issue 10, October 2017 stated four positive effects of social media on

education which include:

i. New Skills: social media teaches students skills they will need to survive in the business

world. Being able to create and maintain connections to many people in many industries is

an integral part of developing career or building a business.

ii. Quality Education: it has also increased the rate and quality of collaboration for students.

They are better able to communicate with each other share information quickly which can

increase productivity and help them learn how to work well in groups.

iii. Familiarity with New Technology: by spending much time working with new technologies,

students develops more familiarity with computers and other electronic devices with the

increased focus on technology in education and business, this will help students build skills

that will aid them throughout their lives.

iv. Enhance Creativity: the ease and speed with which users upload pictures, videos or stories

has resulted in a great amount of sharing creative works. Being able to get instant feedback

from friends and family on their creative outlet help them decide what career path they

want to pursue.

According to Joseph, (2016) social media helps the students to analyze retain and share

information among them and as they do these, they are developing some skills and also these

information is more than videos, pictures and gossips. They also share and view information

outside the four walls of the classroom.

 Student are able to formulate group discussion to exchange ideas and communicate to their

teachers as well as appeal to their friends about assignments on social networking sites

(salvation & Adzharudden, 2015).

2.1.2 Negative Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance

International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, vol 6,

October 2017, stated the following as the negative effect of social media on education:

i. Reduces Learning: today students rely on the accessibility of information on social media

specifically and the web in general to provide answers, this can reduce focus on learning and

retaining information.

ii. Poor Academic Performance: students who attempt multi-task, checking social media sites

while studying show reduced academic performance. Their ability to concentrate on the task

at hand is significantly reduced by the distractions that are brought about by YouTube,

Facebook or Twitter.

iii. Privacy is not maintained: the degree to which private information is available online and the

anonymity the internet seems to provide has made students forget the need to filter the

information they post.

The study conducted in Kogi state university by Clement Gowon Omachanu& Joseph Akanya

(2019) found out that the exposure of the students to social media have negative effect on their

academic performance, the result shows that student who spend more time on social media are
likely to perform poorly in their academics which is because instead of reading their books,

they spend time chatting and making friends via social media.

According to Kolan B. Dzadza P (2018) the nature of social media as a useful servant in it

findings that despite the benefit that student can harness from social media networks there is to

some extent addiction and distraction of attention caused by the use of social media which

could have serious consequences on the academic life of student.

2.1.3 Ways of Effective Use of Social Media

Social media proffers diverse educational uses such as:

i. Engaging in academic forums

ii. Using a Facebook page to broadcast updates and alerts

iii. Using a Facebook group to stream live lectures and host discussions.

iv. Create a class blog for discussions.

v. Assign blog posts as essays

vi. Create a class-specific Pinterest board

vii. Create a social media crisis strategy

viii. Share school events and photos

ix. Include social media links to school websites

x. Use twitter as a message board (Chloe West, 2018).

2.1.4 Concept of Academic Performance

Academic performance represent the achievement outcome that indicates the extent to which a

person has accomplished specific goals that were the focus of activities in instruction

environments specifically in school, college and university (Steinmayr, Neubner, Weidingner

& Wirthwein, 2017). School system mostly define cognitive goals that either apply across

multiple subject areas (e.g. critical thinking) or include the acquisition of knowledge and

understanding in a specific intellectual domain (e.g. numeracy, literacy, science and history).

Turkman (2018) defines academic performance as the apparent demonstration of

understanding skills, ideas and knowledge by a person.

Salvation and Adzhauddin (2016) while conceding that student’s performance is a

multidimensional construct opined that it consists of three dimensions: student’s

characteristics, teacher/lecturer’s competencies and academic environment. Students’

characteristics dimension concerns how students deal with their studies and how they cope

with or accomplish different task given to them by their teachers. The determinants of this

dimension are student’s intelligence, personality and socio-economic status. Teacher’s

competencies dimension of academics performance on the other hand, concerns how well

teachers can impact knowledge on students. However, the number of non human elements in

the academic environment and their functionality help define the academic achievement of

students when the academic environment for example the amount and quality of facilities such

as library, laboratory, suitable classrooms, decent hostels and other instructional materials for
teaching could enhance or suppress student’s academic achievements.

2.2 Theoretical Review

Rational choice theory was adopted for this study by an American Sociologist Edmond Hoyle

(2015).

Rational choice theory is sociological theory that focuses on the framework of understanding

and modeling of social and economic behavior. It focuses on individual action by trying to

understand what motivates and individual to take a particular action instead of another. The

theory assumptions that an individual is rational, as such he or she takes decision based on the

calculation of the cost and benefit expected from that behavior. It is believed that individuals

have ends or goals towards which their actions are directed. The theory further posited that

individuals have preferences. However, the theory is not concerned with what these

preferences or what their source are, but of importance is the fact that actions are undertaken to

achieve goals that are consistent with the researchers preference. The theory also proposes that

an individual behavior is based on the available information and probability as well as potential

cost and benefit.

Basic Assumptions

 An individual is a rational being as such their actions is based on evaluation of cost and

benefits

 Individuals take action based on the information that is available to him or her

 That individuals behave based on his or her preferences

  Decision making about a particular action entails choosing among available alternative.

 The aggregate behavior in the society reflects sum total choice made but individuals.

2.3 Application to the Study

Since the theory is predicted on the assumption that individuals actions are determine by the

cost and benefits, it implies that the use of social media by student nurses depends on the

calculation of what it will cost them to use it and what benefit they hope to drive from it.

Individual act based on available information. It therefore means that the information the

student share about social media influence their decisions to either use it or not, and the

availability of these alternatives determine what type of social media structure the student tend

to use. For example some may choose to use WhatsApp, Facebook, twitter and so on

depending on what they expect to benefit from it.

However, the impact of social media on student is determined by the site they use and the type

of information they are looking for. As such these determine whether social media will benefit

them positively or negatively.

2.4 Empirical Review

2.3.1 Positive Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance

Social media has shown to have positive effects on academic performance by a study

conducted by Gilbert M. Talave, Ali Alsaad, Naifairushaidan, Alwaleed Alhugal, Saadaifahnal,

(2018) on the impact of social media on academic performance in Jubial University Saudi
Arabia. The study revealed that (60%) of respondent agreed that social media has positive

effect on their academic performance.

A study conducted by Bernard John Kolan & Patience Emefa Dzandza (2018) on the effect of

social media on Academic Performance of Students in university of Ghana shows that (74%)

of the student agreed that social media use has positive effect on their academic performance

by improving their grade, understanding of topics discussed and enhancing their academic

work.

According to a study conducted by Ugwulebo Jeremiah Emeka and Okoro Sunday Nyeche

(2016) on the impact of internet usage on academic performance of undergraduates student in

university of Abuja Nigeria shows that 59% of student use the internet for research which has

enhanced their academic performance positively.

2.3.2 Negative Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance

Social media has negative effect on academic performance with a total of (74%) on a research

conducted by clement Gowon Omachonu PhD & Joseph Akanya on the effects of social media

on the academic achievement of students in the department of arts education, Kogi State

University, Anyigba, Nigeria FIADZAWOO Jonas Kwabla, KUUNAANGMEN Collin

Kanyir (2016) conducted a study on student engagement in social media and it mainstay for

teaching and learning in Nursing Training college shows that (72.7%) respondents disagreed

with the statement that social media have negative effect on their academic performance.
2.3.3 Ways of Effective Use of Social Media

Despite the educational and entertaining benefit of social media sites, there is a need to balance

the use of this site with study time in other not to become addicted.

Agwi Uche Celestine and Ogwueleka Francisca Nonyelum conducted a research on the impact

of social media on student academic performance in the department of computer science,

Nigerian Defense Academy Kaduna, Nigeria (2015). The result of the study shows that the

value obtained from the statistics computed is 8.182 and the corresponding value obtained is

0.005 which is less than 0.05 level of significance, this implies that there is significant

relationship between the time spent on activities on social media and the time spent doing

academic work such as assignment, research, term papers, seminars, etc. the study concluded

that the more time student spend on activities on social media sites the less the time the student

have to spend on their academic work.

 CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Methodology

Introduction

This chapter deals with design of the study, sampling techniques, target population, instrument

for data collection, validity, reliability of instrument, method of data analysis and ethical

consideration.

3.1 Design of the Study

The research design adopted for this study is a descriptive survey design. It is chosen because

it is effective in seeking the views of people about particular issue concerning them and

description of existing phenomenon with the intent of employing the data to justify current

conditions and practice.

3.2 Research Setting

The research setting is college of Nursing and Midwifery Kafanchan Campus Jema’a local

government area of Kaduna state. The school comprises of nursing department and midwifery

department.

3.3 Target Population

The target populations of this study are the nursing students with a total number of 194 in

college of Nursing and Midwifery Kafanchan Jema'a Local Government Area Kaduna state.
3.4 Sample Size

This was obtained using Nwana theory (2007) which states that, if the population is few

hundred a 40% sample size will be sufficient. Therefore a sample of 77 respondents was

selected representing 40% of a target population. BN 2017 (30), BN 2018 (39) and PBN 2019

(8) respectively. 194=40/100 x 194 = 77.

3.5 Sample Technique

The sampling technique adopted for the research is a stratified random sampling technique.

Student from Nursing department with the exception of BN2019 where used.

3.6 Instrument for Data Collection

The instrument used for data collection was a self-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire

is divided into four section A: Demographic data; section B: Positive effect of social media on

academic performance; section C: Negative effect of social media on academic performance;

section D: Possible ways of effective use of social media using linkert scale.
3.7 Validity of Instrument

All items were checked by my study supervisor to ascertain the relevance and arrangement of

the items of questionnaire in relation to the study and to rule out ambiguities in the structuring.

3.8 Reliability of the Instrument

A pilot study was conducted using 10% of the questionnaire which was administered to some

student in St. Louis school of midwifery Zonkwa which yielded desired result and proved that

the instrument is reliable.

3.9 Method of Data Collection

The instrument (questionnaire) was administered directly by the researcher to the respondents

and full confidentiality was observed.

3.10 Method of Data Analysis

Data from the returned questionnaire was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as

frequency distribution tables and was converted to percentage (%) and liker-t scale.

3.11 Ethical Consideration

i. A letter was obtained from the project coordinator to the school.

ii. Full consent of the respondent was sought before participation.

iii. All information collected was treated confidential

iv. All information collected was not altered by the researcher.

 CHAPTER FOUR

INTRODUCTION

This chapter deals with the presentation and analysis of data collected. 77 questionnaire were

distributed 74 for were retrieved. Frequency tables were used to analyze the data collected.

Table 4.1 Section A: Demographic Data

Frequency distribution table showing personal data respondents

ITEMS FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE%

1) SEX
Male 30 41
Female 44 59
Total 74 100

2) AGE
16-20 19 26
21-26 40 54
27 and above 15 20
Total 74 100

3) SET
BN 2017 30 40
BN 2018 36 49
PBN 2019 8 11
Total 74 100

4) MARITAL STATUS
Single 59 80
Married 15 20
Other 0
Total 74 100

The above table shows that 41% of respondents are males while 59%n are females. 26% of

respondents are within the age bracket of 16-20 while 54% are within the ages of 21-26, and
20% are 27 years and above. 40% of respondents are from BN 2017, 49% from BN 2018 and

11% from PBN 2019. 80% of them are single while 20% are married

4.2 SECTION B
Positive Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance

KEYS

SA- Strongly Agreed

A- Agreed

D- Disagree

SD- Strongly Disagree

Table 4.2

S/N ITEMS SA A D SD TOTAL X INFERENCE

1. It has enhance my academic 31 30 9 4 236 3.2 Disagreed
success
2. It has made my search for 44 28 2 - 264 3.6 Agreed
academic material and
assignment easy
3. It has widen my knowledge 36 31 3 4 250 3.4 Agreed
and broad my reading skills
4. It has made learning 36 31 3 4 250 3.4 Agreed
accessible and easy
13.6
Average mean = =3.4
4
The table above shows the opinion of respondents on the positive effect of social media on

academic performance. The respondents agreed with all the statements except for statement

one which is less than 3.4.

4.3 SECTION C: Negative Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance of

Respondent
Table 4.3

Response Frequency Percentage %

Social media has negatively affected my grade.
Yes 28 37.8 38
No 46 62.2 62
74 100
It has made me missed lecture
Yes 12 16.2 16
No 62 83.8 84
74 100
It has affected my spelling skill
Yes 23 31.1 31
No 51 68.9 69
54 100
I find it difficult to concentrate on my academic
work when on internet.

Yes 43 58.1 58
No 31 41.9 42
74 100
At the end of section C, the table above shows that 38% of the respondents academic

performance have been affected negatively by social media while 62% have not. 16%

respondents missed lecture while 84% didn’t miss lecture. 31% of respondents spelling have

been affected while 69% are not affected. 58% finds it difficult to concentrate on academic

work when on internet while 42% can concentrate.

4.4 SECTION D

Table 4.7

What are the Ways of Effective Use of Social Media

1. How often do you use social media per day?

Response Frequency Percentage %

1-2 hours 36 49
2-3 hours 18 24
3-4 hours 12 16
4 hours and above 8 11
74 100

Table 4.8

2. Do you find yourself using social media rather than reading your books?

Response Frequency Percentage %

 Yes 34 46

No 40 54

74 100

Table 4.9

3. Have you ever missed any academic activity to social media?

Response Frequency Percentage %

Yes 13 18

No 61 82

74 100

The above table from section D shows that 49% of student uses social media 1-2 hours per day

24% uses 2-3 hours, 16% uses 3-4 hours while 11% use 4 hours and above on social media per

day. 46% respondents find themselves using social media rather than reading their books. 18%

of students have missed academic activity to social media while 82% have not.

4.5 Answers to Research Questions

Question 1: what are the positive effects of social media on academic performance?
Answer: from table 4.2, it shows that 3.2 respondents disagreed that social media has enhanced

their academic success while 3.6, 3.4 and another 3.4 respondent respectively all agreed that

social media has enhanced their academic success. From the above findings we can deduce that

social media positively affect student academic performance.

Question 2: what are the negative effects of social media on academic performance?

Answer: from table 4.3.1 findings shows that 38% of the respondents agreed that social media

has negatively affected their grade while 62% disagreed.

The result shows that social media has no negative effect on academic performance.

Question 3: what are the ways of effective use of social media?

Answer: from table 4.4 findings shows that 49% of student uses social media 1-2 hours per

day, 24% uses it 2-3 hours per day, 16% uses 3-4 hours per day and 11% uses social media 4

hours and above per day.

This indicates that using social media 1-2 hours per day is an effective way of social media

usage.
 CHAPTER FIVE

This chapter deals with the discussion of finding, the implication of findings to nursing

profession, limitation of the study, summary of the study, conclusion, recommendations and

suggestion for further studies.

5.0 Discussion of Finding

The demographic data of the respondents indicates that 59% of respondents are females, 54%

fall within the ages of 21-26 years, 49% of the respondents are from BN 2018 and 80% are

single.

5.1 Positive Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance

The result of the study revealed that 3.2 respondents disagreed that social media has enhanced

their academic success while 3.6, 3.4 and another 3.4 respondent respectively agreed that

social media has enhanced their academic success.

The above is in agreement with the study of Bernard and John Kolan & Patience Emefa

Dzandza (2018) which revealed that social media has positive effect on students academic

performance with (74%), these positive effects include enhancing their academic work,

understanding of topics discussed in class and improving their grades.

5.2 Negative Effect of Social Media on Academic Performance

From table 4.3 it shows that 62% of respondent disagreed with the statement that social media

has negatively affected their grade.

This agrees with the study conducted by QUANSAH Joseph Vaw Dwamena et al (2016) which

shows that social media has no effect on academic performance with (72.7%). The agreement

of both studies could be because both target population are medical student.

5.3 Ways of Effective Use of Social Media

The result of the study revealed that majority 49% of the respondents use social media 1-2

hours per day which has shown less negative effect on their academic performance.

The above result is in agreement with the study conducted by Agwi Uche Celestine et al (2015)

with a corresponding value of 0.005 less than 0.05 level of significance which implies that

there is significant relationship between the time spent on activities on social media and the

time spent doing academic work such as assignment, research, term papers, seminars etc. The

study further concluded that the more time student spend on activities on social media sites the

less the time the students have to spend on their academic work.

5.4 Implication of Findings to Nursing

i. The study has important implication to nursing tutors in enlightening student on the

various positive/negative effects of social media and also educate them on ways of

effective use.
 ii. Nursing institute may also use this knowledge to create an environment based on social

media usage which improves the learning behaviour of student.

iii. Knowledge from this study will help nurses to adopt their social media usage in a more

beneficial way.

5.5 Limitation of the Study

Lack of adequate research skills in conducting and interpreting the research findings,

Questionnaire where not completely retrieved immediately after distribution due to the

presence of tutors in various classes.

5.6 Summary of the Study

Social media despite it great impact on academic performance as seen from the study has also

it negative effect (though minimal in this case). Time spent on social media has a great effect

on student academics so students should be conscious of the amount of time they spend on

social media making sure that they use it judiciously.

5.7 Conclusion

Based on the findings on the impact of social media on academic performance of student

nurses in college of nursing and midwifery Kafanchan campus, social media has positively

affected their academic work and improving their grade but has no significant negative effect

on their academic performance.

5.8 Recommendation

1. Nursing tutors should adopt new strategies by channeling assignment or discussions on

social media platform to help inculcate the habit of using this sites for academic work.

2. Student must minimize the time they spend on social media to avoid being obsessed by these

sites for unnecessary chatting.

3. There is a need for extensive training programmes organized at regular intervals so that all

categories of users can improve their efficiency and discipline in the use of internet.

4. Printing facility should be provided so that users can get print out of their study materials

and other important documents.

5.9 Suggestion for Further Study

Similar study should be conducted with a view including more variable like factors affecting

the effective use of social media by student rather than positive/negative effect of social media

on academic performance. Also, similar study should be conducted using a much larger

population.
 REFERENCES

Awi Uche Celestine and Ogwuelek Francisca Nonyelum (2018): impact of social media on

student academic performance. International journal of scientific and Engineering research

Vol. (9) issue 3ISSN 2229-5518.

Chloe West (2019): 12 ways to use social media for education. Higher education social media

engagement.

Clement Gowon Omachonu and Joseph Akanya (2019): effects of social media on the

academic achievement of students. International journal of English language teaching vol 7

no.5, pp.14-23.

David (2014, cited in Nwazor Joseph Chikwudi, 2015): social media and academic

performance of business education student journal of education and practice ISSN 222-1735

(paper) ISSN 2222-2888X (online).

Gilbert M Talaue, Ali Alsaad, Naif Alrushaidan, alwaleed Alhugail and Saad Alfanhad (2018):

the impact of social media on academic performance of selected college student. International

journal of advance information technology (IJAIT) vol8.

International journal of innovation research in science engineering and technology vol.6, issue

10 (2017): the positive and negative impact of social media on education, teenagers, business

and society.
Kolan bernard Dzadza P. (2018): effect of social media on academic performance of students.

(e-journal).

Owusu-Acheaw and Agatha Gifty Larson (2015): the use of social media and its impact on

Academic performance of tertiary institution students journal of education and practice 6(6),

94-101.

QUAASAH Joseph Yaw Dwameka, FIADZAWOO, Jonas Kwabla & KUUNAAGMEN,

Collin Kanyir (2016): students engagement in social media and its mainstay for teaching and

learning. American journal of educational research vol.4.No.13.

Raymond Owusu Boateng and Afua Amankwaa (2016): importance of social media on student

academic performance life in higher education. Global Journal of human social science

Linguistics and education.

Ugwulebo Jeremiah Emeka and Okoro Sunday (2016): impact of internet usage on the

academic performance of undergraduates students. International journal of scientific and

engineering research volume 7, Issue 10.

 APPENDIX

College of Nursing and Midwifery,

P.M.B 1014,
Kafanchan,
Kaduna State.

Dear Respondent,

ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

OF NURSING STUDENTS IN COLLEGE OF NURSING AND MIDEWIFERY
KAFANCHAN
I am a final year student of the above mentioned institution carrying out a research on the

above topic. Your sincere response is needed and will be treated with outmost confidentiality.

Thank you.

Instruction: pleas (√) for the answer that suits.

SECTION A:

Demographic Data

1. Sex: male [ ], Female [ ]

2. Age: 16-20 [ ] 21-26[ ] 24 and above [ ]

3. Set ______________

4. Marital status: Single [ ] married [ ] others_________________________

SECTION B:

Positive Effect of Social Media on Student Academic Performance

KEY

SA-Strongly Agree, A-Agree, D-Disagree, SD - Strongly Disagree

S/N Items SA A D SD

1. It has enhance my academic success

2. It has made my research for academic material and

assignment easy

3. It has widen my knowledge and broad my reading

skills

4. It has made learning accessible and easy

SECTION C:

Negative Effect of Social Media on Student Academic Performance

1. Social media has negatively affected my grade Yes/No

2. It has made me missed lecture Yes/No

3. It has affected my spelling skills Yes/No

4. I find it difficult to concentrate on my academic work when on internet Yes/No

SECTION D:
What are the ways of Effective use of Social Media

1. How often do you use social media per day? 1-2 hour, 2-3, 3-4 hours, 4 hours and above

2. Do you find yourself using social media rather than reading your books? Yes/No

3. Have you ever missed any academic activity to social media? Yes/No