Operation and Maintenance Manual: 1706A-E93TA and 1706D-E93TA Industrial Engines

M0098787 (en-us)
October 2018
Operation and
Maintenance
Manual
1706A-E93TA and 1706D-E93TA
Industrial Engines
NGW (Engine)
YG (Engine)
Important Safety Information
Most accidents that involve product operation, maintenance and repair are caused by failure to
observe basic safety rules or precautions. An accident can often be avoided by recognizing potentially
hazardous situations before an accident occurs. A person must be alert to potential hazards. This
person should also have the necessary training, skills and tools to perform these functions correctly.
Incorrect operation, lubrication, maintenance or repair of this product can be dangerous and
could result in injury or death.
Do not operate or perform any lubrication, maintenance or repair on this product, until you have
read and understood the operation, lubrication, maintenance and repair information.
Safety precautions and warnings are provided in this manual and on the product. If these hazard
warnings are not heeded, bodily injury or death could occur to you or to other persons.
The hazards are identified by the “Safety Alert Symbol” and followed by a “Signal Word” such as
“DANGER”, “WARNING” or “CAUTION”. The Safety Alert “WARNING” label is shown below.
The meaning of this safety alert symbol is as follows:

Attention! Become Alert! Your Safety is Involved.
The message that appears under the warning explains the hazard and can be either written or
pictorially presented.
Operations that may cause product damage are identified by “NOTICE” labels on the product and in
this publication.
Perkins cannot anticipate every possible circumstance that might involve a potential hazard. The
warnings in this publication and on the product are, therefore, not all inclusive. You must not use
this product in any manner different from that considered by this manual without first satisfying
yourself that you have considered all safety rules and precautions applicable to the operation of
the product in the location of use, including site-specific rules and precautions applicable to the
worksite. If a tool, procedure, work method or operating technique that is not specifically
recommended by Perkins is used, you must satisfy yourself that it is safe for you and for others.
You should also ensure that you are authorized to perform this work, and that the product will not
be damaged or become unsafe by the operation, lubrication, maintenance or repair procedures that
you intend to use.
The information, specifications, and illustrations in this publication are on the basis of information that
was available at the time that the publication was written. The specifications, torques, pressures,
measurements, adjustments, illustrations, and other items can change at any time. These changes can
affect the service that is given to the product. Obtain the complete and most current information before
you start any job. Perkins dealers or Perkins distributors have the most current information available.
When replacement parts are required for this

product Perkins recommends using Perkins
replacement parts.
Failure to heed this warning can lead to prema-
ture failures, product damage, personal injury or
death.
In the United States, the maintenance, replacement, or repair of the emission control devices and
systems may be performed by any repair establishment or individual of the owner's choosing.
M0098787 3
Table of Contents
Table of Contents Cold Weather Operation ................................. 42
Foreword ........................................................... 4 Maintenance Section
Refill Capacities............................................... 44
Safety Section
Maintenance Recommendations .................... 60
Safety Messages............................................... 6
Maintenance Interval Schedule....................... 63
Additional Messages ....................................... 10
General Hazard Information.............................11 Warranty Section
Burn Prevention............................................... 14 Warranty Information....................................... 89
Fire Prevention and Explosion Prevention...... 15 Reference Information Section
Crushing Prevention and Cutting Prevention.. 16 Engine Ratings ................................................ 90
Mounting and Dismounting ............................. 17 Customer Service............................................ 91
High Pressure Fuel Lines ................................ 17 Reference Materials ........................................ 92
Before Starting Engine .................................... 19 Index Section
Engine Starting................................................ 19 Index................................................................ 93
Engine Stopping .............................................. 20
Electrical System............................................. 20
Engine Electronics........................................... 20
Product Information Section
Model Views .................................................... 22
Product Identification Information ................... 26
Operation Section
Lifting and Storage .......................................... 28
Features and Controls..................................... 33
Engine Diagnostics ......................................... 34
Engine Starting................................................ 36
Engine Operation ............................................ 40
Engine Stopping .............................................. 41

4 M0098787
Foreword
Foreword Some photographs or illustrations in this manual

show details or attachments that may be different
from your engine. Guards and covers may have been
California Proposition 65 Warning removed for illustrative purposes. Continuing
improvement and advancement of product design
Diesel engine exhaust and some of its may have caused changes to your engine which are
not included in this manual. Whenever a question
constituents are known to the State of arises regarding your engine, or this manual, please
California to cause cancer, birth defects, consult with your Perkins dealer or your Perkins
and other reproductive harm. distributor for the latest available information.
WARNING – This product can Safety

expose you to chemicals
including ethylene glycol, which This safety section lists basic safety precautions. In
is known to the State of California to addition, this section identifies hazardous, warning
cause birth defects or other reproductive situations. Read and understand the basic
precautions listed in the safety section before
harm. For more information go to: operating or performing lubrication, maintenance,
and repair on this product.
www.P65Warnings.ca.gov
Do not ingest this chemical. Wash hands Operation
after handling to avoid incidental Operating techniques outlined in this manual are
ingestion. basic. The operating techniques assist with
developing the skills and techniques required to
WARNING – This product can operate the engine more efficiently and economically.
expose you to chemicals Skill and techniques develop as the operator gains
including lead and lead knowledge of the engine and the capabilities of the
compounds, which are known to the engine.
State of California to cause cancer, birth The operation section is a reference for operators.
defects, or other reproductive harm. For Photographs and illustrations guide the operator
more information go to: through procedures of inspecting, starting, operating,
and stopping the engine. This section also includes a
www.P65Warnings.ca.gov discussion of electronic diagnostic information.
Wash hands after handling components Maintenance

that may contain lead.
The maintenance section is a guide to engine care.
Literature Information The illustrated, step-by-step instructions are grouped
by service hours and/or calendar time maintenance
This manual contains safety, operation instructions, intervals. Items in the maintenance schedule are
referenced to detailed instructions that follow.
lubrication, and maintenance information. This
manual should be stored in or near the engine area in Recommended service should be performed at the
a literature holder or literature storage area. Read, appropriate intervals as indicated in the Maintenance
study, and keep the manual with the literature and Interval Schedule. The actual operating environment
engine information. of the engine also governs the Maintenance Interval
Schedule. Therefore, under severe, dusty, wet, or
English is the primary language for all Perkins freezing cold operating conditions, more frequent
publications. The English used facilitates translation lubrication, and maintenance than is specified in the
and consistency. Maintenance Interval Schedule may be necessary.
M0098787 5
Foreword
The maintenance schedule items are organized for a

preventive maintenance management program. If the
preventive maintenance program is followed, a
periodic tune-up is not required. The implementation
of a preventive maintenance management program
should minimize operating costs through cost
avoidances resulting from reductions in unscheduled
downtime and failures.
Maintenance Intervals
Perform maintenance on items at multiples of the
original requirement. Each level and/or individual
items in each level should be shifted ahead or back
depending upon your specific maintenance practices,
operation, and application. Perkins recommends that
the maintenance schedules be reproduced and
displayed near the engine as a convenient reminder.
Perkins also recommends that a maintenance record
be maintained as part of the permanent record of the
engine.
Your authorized Perkins dealer or your Perkins
distributor can assist you in adjusting your
maintenance schedule to meet the needs of your
operating environment.
Overhaul
Major engine overhaul details are not covered in the
Operation and Maintenance Manual except for the
interval and the maintenance items in that interval.
Major repairs are best left to trained personnel or an
authorized Perkins distributor or dealer. Your Perkins
dealer or your Perkins distributor offers various
options regarding overhaul programs. If you
experience a major engine failure, there are also
numerous after failure overhaul options available.
Consult with your Perkins dealer or your Perkins
distributor for information regarding these options.
6 M0098787
Safety Section
Safety Messages
Safety Section
i07544347
Safety Messages
There may be several specific safety messages on

your engine. The exact location and a description of
the safety messages are reviewed in this section.
Become familiar with all safety messages.
Ensure that all the safety messages are legible.
Clean the safety messages or replace the safety
messages if the words cannot be read or if the
illustrations are not visible. Use a cloth, water, and
soap to clean the safety messages. Do not use
solvents, gasoline, or other harsh chemicals.
Solvents, gasoline, or harsh chemicals could loosen
the adhesive that secures the safety messages. The
safety messages that are loosened could drop off the
engine.
Replace any safety message that is damaged or
missing. If a safety message is attached to a part of
the engine that is replaced, install a new safety
message on the replacement part. Your Perkins
distributor can provide new safety messages.
M0098787 7
Safety Section
Safety Messages
Illustration 1 g06355229
Typical example
(1) Universal warning label (2) Hot fluid under pressure label (3) Hot surface label
8 M0098787
Safety Section
Safety Messages
Typical example
(1) Universal warning label (3) Hot surface label (4) Hand high-pressure label
M0098787 9
Safety Section
Safety Messages
Universal Warning (1) One safety message universal warning label (1) is on
the right side of the valve mechanism cover. One
safety message universal warning label (1) is on the
left side of the valve mechanism cover. One safety
message universal warning label (1) is on the front of
the control panel if equipped.
Hot Fluid Under Pressure (2)
Do not operate or work on this equipment unless

you have read and understand the instructions
and warnings in the Operation and Maintenance
Manuals. Failure to follow the instructions or Illustration 4 g01371640
heed the warnings could result in serious injury
or death.
Pressurized system! Hot coolant can cause seri-

ous burns, injury or death. To open the cooling
system filler cap, stop the engine and wait until
the cooling system components are cool. Loosen
the cooling system pressure cap slowly in order
to relieve the pressure. Read and understand the
Operation and Maintenance Manual before per-
forming any cooling system maintenance.
10 M0098787
Safety Section
Additional Messages
This safety message is located by the cooling system One safety message for high pressure (4) is on the
filler cap. fuel rail.
Hot Surface (3) i07536281
Additional Messages
There are several specific messages on this engine.

The exact location of the messages and the
description of the information are reviewed in this
section. Become familiar with all messages.
Make sure that all the messages are legible. Clean
the messages or replace the messages if you cannot
read the words. Replace the illustrations if the
illustrations are not legible. When you clean the
messages, use a cloth, water, and soap. Do not use
solvent, gasoline, or other harsh chemicals to clean
the messages. Solvents, gasoline, or harsh
chemicals could loosen the adhesive that secures the
Illustration 5 g01372256 messages. Loose adhesive will allow the messages
to fall.
Replace any message that is damaged, or missing. If
a message is attached to a part that is replaced,
Hot parts or hot components can cause burns or install a message on the replacement part. Any
personal injury. Do not allow hot parts or compo- Perkins distributor can provide new messages.
nents to contact your skin. Use protective cloth-
ing or protective equipment to protect your skin.
This safety message is on the sides of the radiator.
Hand High Pressure (4)
Do not step in this area.
This notice should be located on the alternator guard.
Contact with high pressure fuel may cause fluid

penetration and burn hazards. High pressure fuel
spray may cause a fire hazard. Failure to follow
these inspection, maintenance and service in-
structions may cause personal injury or death.
M0098787 11
Safety Section
General Hazard Information
i07291391 • Report all necessary repairs.
General Hazard Information Unless other instructions are provided, perform the
maintenance under the following conditions:
• The engine is stopped. Ensure that the engine
cannot be started.
• The protective locks or the controls are in the
applied position.
• Engage the secondary brakes or parking brakes.

• Block the vehicle or restrain the vehicle before
maintenance or repairs are performed.
• Disconnect the batteries when maintenance is
performed or when the electrical system is
serviced. Disconnect the battery ground leads.
Tape the leads to help prevent sparks. If equipped,
allow the diesel exhaust fluid to be purged before
disconnecting the battery.
• If equipped, disconnect the connectors for the unit
Attach a “Do Not Operate” warning tag or a similar injectors that are located on the valve cover base.
warning tag to the start switch or to the controls This action will help prevent personal injury from
before the engine is serviced or before the engine is the high voltage to the unit injectors. Do not come
repaired. Attach the warning tags to the engine and
in contact with the unit injector terminals while the
to each operator control station. When appropriate,
disconnect the starting controls. engine is operating.
Do not allow unauthorized personnel on the engine, • Do not attempt any repairs or any adjustments to
or around the engine when the engine is being the engine while the engine is operating.
serviced.
• Do not attempt any repairs that are not
• Tampering with the engine installation or understood. Use the proper tools. Replace any
tampering with the OEM supplied wiring can be equipment that is damaged or repair the
dangerous. Personal injury, death and/or engine equipment.
damage could result.
• For initial start-up of a new engine or for starting
• Vent the engine exhaust to the outside when the an engine that has been serviced, make
engine is operated in an enclosed area. provisions to stop the engine if an overspeed
occurs. The stopping of the engine may be
• If the engine is not running, do not release the accomplished by shutting off the fuel supply and/
secondary brake or the parking brake systems or the air supply to the engine. Ensure that only
unless the vehicle is blocked or unless the vehicle the fuel supply line is shut off. Ensure that the fuel
is restrained. return line is open.
• Wear a hard hat, protective glasses, and other • Start the engine from the operators station (cab).
protective equipment, as required. Never short across the starting motor terminals or
the batteries. This action could bypass the engine
• When work is performed around an engine that is neutral start system and/or the electrical system
operating, wear protective devices for ears to help could be damaged.
prevent damage to hearing.
Engine exhaust contains products of combustion
• Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry that can which may be harmful to your health. Always start the
snag on controls or on other parts of the engine. engine and operate the engine in a well ventilated
area. If the engine is in an enclosed area, vent the
• Ensure that all protective guards and all covers engine exhaust to the outside.
are secured in place on the engine.
Cautiously remove the following parts. To help
• Never put maintenance fluids into glass prevent spraying or splashing of pressurized fluids,
containers. Glass containers can break. hold a rag over the part that is being removed.
• Use all cleaning solutions with care. • Filler caps

12 M0098787
Safety Section
• Grease fittings • Do not attempt any repairs that are not

understood. Use the proper tools. Replace any
• Pressure taps equipment that is damaged or repair the
equipment.
• Breathers
• Drain plugs Pressurized Air and Water
Use caution when cover plates are removed. Pressurized air and/or water can cause debris and/or
Gradually loosen, but do not remove the last two hot water to be blown out. This action could result in
bolts or nuts that are located at opposite ends of the personal injury.
cover plate or the device. Before removing the last
When pressurized air and/or pressurized water is
two bolts or nuts, pry the cover loose to relieve any
used for cleaning, wear protective clothing, protective
spring pressure or other pressure.
shoes, and eye protection. Eye protection includes
goggles or a protective face shield.
The maximum air pressure for cleaning purposes
must be below 205 kPa (30 psi). The maximum
water pressure for cleaning purposes must be below
275 kPa (40 psi).
Fluid Penetration
Pressure can be trapped in the hydraulic circuit long
after the engine has been stopped. The pressure can
cause hydraulic fluid or items such as pipe plugs to
escape rapidly if the pressure is not relieved
correctly.
Do not remove any hydraulic components or parts
until pressure has been relieved or personal injury
may occur. Do not disassemble any hydraulic
• Wear a hard hat, protective glasses, and other
components or parts until pressure has been relieved
protective equipment, as required. or personal injury may occur. Refer to the OEM
information for any procedures that are required to
• When work is performed around an engine that is relieve the hydraulic pressure.
operating, wear protective devices for ears to help
prevent damage to hearing.
• Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry that can

snag on controls or on other parts of the engine.
• Ensure that all protective guards and all covers

are secured in place on the engine.
• Never put maintenance fluids into glass
containers. Glass containers can break.
• Use all cleaning solutions with care.
• Report all necessary repairs.

Unless other instructions are provided, perform
the maintenance under the following conditions:
• The engine is stopped. Ensure that the engine

cannot be started.
• Disconnect the batteries when maintenance is

performed or when the electrical system is
serviced. Disconnect the battery ground leads.
Tape the leads to help prevent sparks.
M0098787 13
Safety Section
Avoid static electricity risk when fueling. Ultra-

low sulfur diesel fuel (ULSD fuel) poses a greater
static ignition hazard than earlier diesel formula-
tions with a higher sulfur contents. Avoid death
or serious injury from fire or explosion. Consult
with your fuel or fuel system supplier to ensure
the delivery system is in compliance with fueling
standards for proper grounding and bonding
practices.
Inhalation
Always use a board or cardboard when you check for

a leak. Leaking fluid that is under pressure can
penetrate body tissue. Fluid penetration can cause
serious injury and possible death. A pin hole leak can
cause severe injury. If fluid is injected into your skin,
you must get treatment immediately. Seek treatment
from a doctor that is familiar with this type of injury.
Containing Fluid Spillage

Care must be taken to ensure that fluids are
contained during performance of inspection,
maintenance, testing, adjusting, and repair of the
product. Be prepared to collect the fluid with suitable
containers before opening any compartment or Illustration 11 g00702022
disassembling any component containing fluids.
Exhaust
Dispose of all fluids according to local regulations
and mandates. Use caution. Exhaust fumes can be hazardous to
health. If you operate the equipment in an enclosed
Static Electricity Hazard when area, adequate ventilation is necessary.
Fueling with Ultra-low Sulfur Diesel Asbestos Information
Fuel
Perkins equipment and replacement parts that are
The removal of sulfur and other compounds in ultra- shipped from Perkins engine company limited are
low sulfur diesel fuel (ULSD fuel) decreases the asbestos free. Perkins recommends the use of only
conductivity of ULSD and increases the ability of genuine Perkins replacement parts. Use the following
ULSD to store static charge. Refineries may have guidelines when you handle any replacement parts
treated the fuel with a static dissipating additive. that contain asbestos or when you handle asbestos
Many factors can reduce the effectiveness of the debris.
additive over time. Static charges can build up in
ULSD fuel while the fuel is flowing through fuel Use caution. Avoid inhaling dust that might be
delivery systems. Static electricity discharge when generated when you handle components that contain
combustible vapors are present could result in a fire asbestos fibers. Inhaling this dust can be hazardous
or explosion. Ensure that the entire system used to to your health. The components that may contain
refuel your machine (fuel supply tank, transfer pump, asbestos fibers are brake pads, brake bands, lining
transfer hose, nozzle, and others) is properly material, clutch plates, and some gaskets. The
grounded and bonded. Consult with your fuel or fuel asbestos that is used in these components is usually
system supplier to ensure that the delivery system bound in a resin or sealed in some way. Normal
complies with fueling standards for proper grounding handling is not hazardous unless airborne dust that
and bonding. contains asbestos is generated.
If dust that may contain asbestos is present, there
are several guidelines that should be followed:
• Never use compressed air for cleaning.

14 M0098787
Safety Section
Burn Prevention
• Avoid brushing materials that contain asbestos. Always use leakproof containers when you drain
fluids. Do not pour waste onto the ground, down a
• Avoid grinding materials that contain asbestos. drain, or into any source of water.
• Use a wet method to clean up asbestos materials. i06106969
• A vacuum cleaner that is equipped with a high

efficiency particulate air filter (HEPA) can also be Burn Prevention
used.
• Use exhaust ventilation on permanent machining
jobs. Coolant
• Wear an approved respirator if there is no other When the engine is at operating temperature, the
way to control the dust. engine coolant is hot. The coolant is also under
pressure. The radiator and all lines to the heaters or
• Comply with applicable rules and regulations for to the engine contain hot coolant. Any contact with
the work place. In the United States, use hot coolant or with steam can cause severe burns.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration Allow cooling system components to cool before the
cooling system is drained.
(OSHA) requirements. These OSHA requirements
can be found in “29 CFR 1910.1001”. Check that the coolant level after the engine has
stopped and the engine has been allowed to cool.
• Obey environmental regulations for the disposal of Ensure that the filler cap is cool before removing the
asbestos. filler cap. The filler cap must be cool enough to touch
with a bare hand. Remove the filler cap slowly in
• Stay away from areas that might have asbestos order to relieve pressure.
particles in the air.
Cooling system conditioner contains alkali. Alkali can
Dispose of Waste Properly cause personal injury. Do not allow alkali to contact
the skin, the eyes, or the mouth.
Oils
Skin may be irritated following repeated or prolonged
exposure to mineral and synthetic base oils. Refer to
your suppliers Material Safety Data Sheets for
detailed information. Hot oil and lubricating
components can cause personal injury. Do not allow
hot oil to contact the skin. Appropriate personal
protective equipment should be used.
Diesel Fuel
Diesel may be irritating to the eyes, respiratory
system, and skin. Prolonged exposure to diesel may
cause various skin conditions. Appropriate personal
Illustration 12 g00706404 protective equipment should be used. Refer to
supplier Material safety Data sheets for detailed
Improperly disposing of waste can threaten the information.
environment. Potentially harmful fluids should be
disposed of according to local regulations.
Batteries
The liquid in a battery is an electrolyte. Electrolyte is
an acid that can cause personal injury. Do not allow
electrolyte to contact the skin or the eyes.
Do not smoke while checking the battery electrolyte
levels. Batteries give off flammable fumes which can
explode.
M0098787 15
Safety Section
Fire Prevention and Explosion Prevention
Always wear protective glasses when you work with Exhaust shields (if equipped) protect hot exhaust
batteries. Wash hands after touching batteries. The components from oil or fuel spray in case of a line, a
use of gloves is recommended. tube, or a seal failure. Exhaust shields must be
installed correctly.
i05945996
Do not weld on lines or tanks that contain flammable
fluids. Do not flame cut lines or tanks that contain
Fire Prevention and Explosion flammable fluid. Clean any such lines or tanks
thoroughly with a nonflammable solvent prior to
Prevention welding or flame cutting.
Wiring must be kept in good condition. Ensure that all
electrical wires are correctly installed and securely
attached. Check all electrical wires daily. Repair any
wires that are loose or frayed before you operate the
engine. Clean all electrical connections and tighten
all electrical connections.
Eliminate all wiring that is unattached or
unnecessary. Do not use any wires or cables that are
smaller than the recommended gauge. Do not
bypass any fuses and/or circuit breakers.
Arcing or sparking could cause a fire. Secure
connections, recommended wiring, and correctly
maintained battery cables will help to prevent arcing
or sparking.
Ensure that the engine is stopped. Inspect all lines
Illustration 13 g00704000 and hoses for wear or for deterioration. Ensure that
the hoses are correctly routed. The lines and hoses
All fuels, most lubricants, and some coolant mixtures must have adequate support and secure clamps.
are flammable.
Oil filters and fuel filters must be installed correctly.
Flammable fluids that are leaking or spilled onto hot The filter housings must be tightened to the correct
surfaces or onto electrical components can cause a torque. Refer to the Disassembly and Assembly
fire. Fire may cause personal injury and property manual for more information.
damage.
After the emergency stop button is operated, ensure
that you allow 15 minutes, before the engine covers
are removed.
Determine whether the engine will be operated in an
environment that allows combustible gases to be
drawn into the air inlet system. These gases could
cause the engine to overspeed. Personal injury,
property damage, or engine damage could result.
If the application involves the presence of
combustible gases, consult your Perkins dealer and/
or your Perkins distributor for additional information
about suitable protection devices.
Remove all flammable combustible materials or
conductive materials such as fuel, oil, and debris
from the engine. Do not allow any flammable
combustible materials or conductive materials to
accumulate on the engine.
Store fuels and lubricants in correctly marked
containers away from unauthorized persons. Store Illustration 14 g00704059
oily rags and any flammable materials in protective
containers. Do not smoke in areas that are used for Use caution when you are refueling an engine. Do
storing flammable materials. not smoke while you are refueling an engine. Do not
Do not expose the engine to any flame. refuel an engine near open flames or sparks. Always
stop the engine before refueling.
16 M0098787
Safety Section
Crushing Prevention and Cutting Prevention
Avoid static electricity risk when fueling. Ultra-low Fire Extinguisher

Sulfur Diesel fuel (ULSD fuel) poses a greater static
ignition hazard than earlier diesel formulations with a Make sure that a fire extinguisher is available. Be
higher sulfur content. Avoid death or serious injury familiar with the operation of the fire extinguisher.
from fire or explosion. Consult your fuel or fuel Inspect the fire extinguisher and service the fire
system supplier to ensure that the delivery system is extinguisher regularly. Obey the recommendations
in compliance with fueling standards for proper on the instruction plate.
grounding and bonding practices.
Ether
Ether is flammable and poisonous.
Do not smoke while you are replacing an ether
cylinder or while you are using an ether spray.
Do not store ether cylinders in living areas or in the
engine compartment. Do not store ether cylinders in
direct sunlight or in temperatures above 49° C
(120° F). Keep ether cylinders away from open
flames or sparks.
Lines, Tubes, and Hoses

Do not bend high-pressure lines. Do not strike high-
pressure lines. Do not install any lines that are
damaged.
Leaks can cause fires. Consult your Perkins dealer or
your Perkins distributor for replacement parts.
Replace the parts if any of the following conditions
are present:
Gases from a battery can explode. Keep any open • End fittings are damaged or leaking.
flames or sparks away from the top of a battery. Do
not smoke in battery charging areas. • Outer coverings are chafed or cut.
Never check the battery charge by placing a metal • Wires are exposed.
object across the terminal posts. Use a voltmeter or a
hydrometer. • Outer coverings are ballooning.
Incorrect jumper cable connections can cause an • Flexible parts of the hoses are kinked.
explosion that can result in injury. Refer to the
Operation Section of this manual for specific • Outer covers have embedded armoring.
instructions.
Do not charge a frozen battery. A frozen battery may • End fittings are displaced.
cause an explosion. Make sure that all clamps, guards, and heat shields
The batteries must be kept clean. The covers (if are installed correctly. During engine operation,
equipped) must be kept on the cells. Use the correct installation will help to prevent vibration,
recommended cables, connections, and battery box rubbing against other parts, and excessive heat.
covers when the engine is operated.
i02143194
Crushing Prevention and

Cutting Prevention
Support the component correctly when work beneath

the component is performed.
M0098787 17
Safety Section
Mounting and Dismounting
Unless other maintenance instructions are provided,

never attempt adjustments while the engine is
running.
Stay clear of all rotating parts and of all moving parts.
Leave the guards in place until maintenance is
performed. After the maintenance is performed,
reinstall the guards.
Keep objects away from moving fan blades. The fan
blades will throw objects or cut objects.
When objects are struck, wear protective glasses in
order to avoid injury to the eyes.
Chips or other debris may fly off objects when objects
are struck. Before objects are struck, ensure that no
one will be injured by flying debris.
i05875651
Mounting and Dismounting
Do not climb on the engine. The engine has not been

designed with mounting or dismounting locations.
Refer to the OEM for the location of foot and hand
holds for your specific application.
i07243229
High Pressure Fuel Lines

18 M0098787
Safety Section
High Pressure Fuel Lines
(1) High-pressure fuel manifold (rail) (3) High-pressure lines to injectors

(2) Fuel transfer lines that are high pressure (4) High-pressure fuel pump
The high-pressure fuel lines are the fuel lines that are Do not check the high-pressure fuel lines with the
between the high-pressure fuel pump and the high- engine or the starting motor in operation. After the
pressure fuel manifold. Also, the fuel lines that are engine has stopped, you must wait for 10 minutes to
between the fuel manifold and cylinder head. These allow the fuel pressure to be purged from the high-
fuel lines are different from fuel lines on other fuel pressure fuel lines before any service or repair is
systems. performed on the engine fuel lines. The 10 minute
wait will also allow static charge to dissipate from the
The fuel lines are different is because of the following low-pressure fuel system.
items:
Do not loosen the high-pressure fuel lines to remove
• The high-pressure fuel lines are constantly air from the fuel system. This procedure is not
charged with high pressure. required.
• The internal pressures of the high-pressure fuel Visually inspect the high-pressure fuel lines before
lines are higher than other types of fuel system. the engine is started. This inspection should be each
day.
• The high-pressure fuel lines are formed to shape
and then strengthened by a special process. If you inspect the engine in operation, always use the
proper inspection procedure to avoid a fluid
Do not step on the high-pressure fuel lines. Do not penetration hazard. Refer to Operation and
deflect the high-pressure fuel lines. Do not bend or Maintenance Manual, “General hazard Information”.
strike the high-pressure fuel lines. Deformation or
damage of the high-pressure fuel lines may cause a • Inspect the high-pressure fuel lines for damage,
point of weakness and potential failure. deformation, a nick, a cut, a crease, or a dent.
M0098787 19
Safety Section
Before Starting Engine
• Do not operate the engine with a fuel leak. If there All protective guards and all protective covers must
is a leak, do not tighten the connection, to stop the be installed if the engine must be started in order to
leak. The connection must only be tightened to the perform service procedures. To help prevent an
recommended torque. Refer to Disassembly and accident that is caused by parts in rotation, work
Assembly, “Fuel injection lines - Remove and Fuel around the parts carefully.
injection lines - Install”.
Do not start an engine when the governor linkage is
• If the high-pressure fuel lines are torqued correctly disconnected.
and the high-pressure fuel lines are leaking, the Do not bypass the automatic shutoff circuits. Do not
high-pressure fuel lines must be replaced. disable the automatic shutoff circuits. The circuits are
provided in order to help prevent personal injury. The
• Ensure that all clips on the high-pressure fuel lines circuits are also provided in order to help prevent
are in place. Do not operate the engine with clips engine damage.
that are damaged, missing, or loose.
i02583384
• Do not attach any other item to the high-pressure
fuel lines. Engine Starting
• Loosened high-pressure fuel lines must be
replaced. Also removed high-pressure fuel lines
must be replaced. Refer to Disassembly and
assembly manual, “Fuel Injection Lines - Install”.
Do not use aerosol types of starting aids such as
i04257031 ether. Such use could result in an explosion and
personal injury.
Before Starting Engine
If a warning tag is attached to the engine start switch
or to the controls DO NOT start the engine or move
the controls. Consult with the person that attached
NOTICE the warning tag before the engine is started.
For initial start-up of a new or rebuilt engine, and for
start-up of an engine that has been serviced, make All protective guards and all protective covers must
provision to shut the engine off should an overspeed be installed if the engine must be started in order to
occur. This may be accomplished by shutting off the perform service procedures. To help prevent an
air and/or fuel supply to the engine. accident that is caused by parts in rotation, work
around the parts carefully.
Start the engine from the operator's compartment or
from the engine start switch.
Engine exhaust contains products of combustion Always start the engine according to the procedure
which may be harmful to your health. Always that is described in the Operation and Maintenance
start and operate the engine in a well ventilated Manual, “Engine Starting” topic in the Operation
area and, if in an enclosed area, vent the exhaust Section. Knowing the correct procedure will help to
to the outside. prevent major damage to the engine components.
Knowing the procedure will also help to prevent
Inspect the engine for potential hazards. personal injury.
Do not start the engine or move any of the controls if To ensure that the jacket water heater (if equipped) is
there is a “DO NOT OPERATE” warning tag or similar working correctly, check the water temperature
warning tag attached to the start switch or to the gauge and/or the oil temperature gauge during the
controls. heater operation.
Before starting the engine, ensure that no one is on, Engine exhaust contains products of combustion
underneath, or close to the engine. Ensure that the which can be harmful to your health. Always start the
area is free of personnel. engine and operate the engine in a well ventilated
area. If the engine is started in an enclosed area,
If equipped, ensure that the lighting system for the vent the engine exhaust to the outside.
engine is suitable for the conditions. Ensure that all
lights work properly, if equipped.
20 M0098787
Safety Section
Engine Stopping
Note: The engine may be equipped with a device for Grounding Practices
cold starting. If the engine will be operated in very
cold conditions, then an extra cold starting aid may Proper grounding for the engine electrical system is
be required. Normally, the engine will be equipped necessary for optimum engine performance and
with the correct type of starting aid for your region of reliability. Improper grounding will result in
operation. uncontrolled electrical circuit paths and in unreliable
electrical circuit paths.
i01462046
Uncontrolled electrical circuit paths can result in
damage to main bearings, to crankshaft bearing
Engine Stopping journal surfaces, and to aluminum components.
Engines that are installed without engine-to-frame
ground straps can be damaged by electrical
Stop the engine according to the procedure in the
discharge.
Operation and Maintenance Manual, “Engine
Stopping (Operation Section)” in order to avoid To ensure that the engine and the engine electrical
overheating of the engine and accelerated wear of systems function properly, an engine-to-frame
the engine components. ground strap with a direct path to the battery must be
used. This path may be provided by way of a starting
Use the Emergency Stop Button (if equipped) ONLY motor ground, a starting motor ground to the frame,
in an emergency situation. Do not use the
or a direct engine ground to the frame.
Emergency Stop Button for normal engine stopping.
After an emergency stop, DO NOT start the engine All grounds should be tight and free of corrosion. The
until the problem that caused the emergency stop engine alternator must be grounded to the negative
has been corrected. “-” battery terminal with a wire that is adequate to
Stop the engine if an overspeed condition occurs handle the full charging current of the alternator.
during the initial start-up of a new engine or an
engine that has been overhauled. This may be i06091234
accomplished by shutting off the fuel supply to the
engine and/or shutting off the air supply to the Engine Electronics
engine.
To stop an electronically controlled engine, cut the
power to the engine.
i06088340 Tampering with the electronic system installation

or the OEM wiring installation can be dangerous
Electrical System and could result in personal injury or death and/
or engine damage.
This engine has a comprehensive, programmable
Never disconnect any charging unit circuit or battery
circuit cable from the battery when the charging unit Engine Monitoring System. The Engine Control
is operating. A spark can cause the combustible Module (ECM) will monitor the engine operating
gases that are produced by some batteries to ignite. conditions. If any of the engine parameters extend
outside an allowable range, the ECM will initiate an
To help prevent sparks from igniting combustible immediate action.
gases that are produced by some batteries, the The following actions are available for engine
negative “−” jump-start cable should be connected monitoring control: WARNING, DERATE and
last from the external power source to the negative SHUTDOWN. These engine monitoring modes can
“−” terminal of the starting motor. If the starting motor limit engine speed and/or the engine power.
is not equipped with a negative “−” terminal, connect
the jump-start cable to the engine block. Many of the parameters that are monitored by the
ECM can be programmed for the engine monitoring
Check the electrical wires daily for wires that are functions. The following parameters can be
loose or frayed. Tighten all loose electrical wires monitored as a part of the Engine Monitoring System:
before the engine is started. Repair all frayed
electrical wires before the engine is started. Refer to • Operating Altitude
the “Engine Starting” section of this Operation and
Maintenance Manual for specific starting instructions. • Engine Coolant Level
• Engine Coolant Temperature
• Engine Oil Pressure

M0098787 21
Safety Section
Engine Electronics
• Engine Speed
• Fuel Temperature
• Intake Manifold Air Temperature

• System Voltage
The Engine Monitoring package can vary for different
engine models and different engine applications.
However, the monitoring system and the engine
monitoring control will be similar for all engines.
Note: Many of the engine control systems and

display modules that are available for Perkins
Engines will work in unison with the Engine
Monitoring System. Together, the two controls will
provide the engine monitoring function for the specific
engine application. Refer to the Troubleshooting
Manual for more information.
22 M0098787
Model Views
Product Information
Section
Model Views
i07542235
Model View Illustrations
Typical Engine
(1) Oil pan (3) Turbocharger
(2) Lifting eyes (4) Oil cap
M0098787 23
Typical Engine
(5) Oil filler tube (7) Electronic Control module (ECM)
(6) Fuel Injection pump (8) Starting motor
24 M0098787
Typical Engine
(9) Secondary fuel filters (12) Crankcase ventilation filter (15) Oil dipstick
(10) Primary fuel filter/ water separator (13) Crankcase breather
(11) Fuel pump switch assembly (14) Flywheel housing
M0098787 25
Typical Engine
(16) Oil filter (17) Alternator
26 M0098787
Product Identification Information
Product Identification
Information
i07542444
Plate Locations and Film

Locations
Typical example
(1) Engine serial number plate location
Viewed from the rear of the engine, the serial number

plate is on the right side of the cylinder block below
the turbocharger.
M0098787 27
Emissions Certification Film
i05951816
Emissions Certification Film
Note: This information is pertinent in the United

States, in Canada and in Europe.
The emissions label is located on the top of the valve
mechanism cover.
Serial number plate
The following information is stamped on the serial

number plate: engine serial number, engine model,
and arrangement number.
The engine information plate is located toward the
rear of the valve cover. The engine information plate
may be read from the right side of the engine.
Typical example
(2) Engine information plate
28 M0098787
Operation Section
Lifting and Storage
Operation Section Lifting eyes are designed and installed for the
specific engine arrangement. Alterations to the lifting
eyes and/or the engine make the lifting eyes and the
lifting fixtures obsolete. If alterations are made,
Lifting and Storage ensure that proper lifting devices are provided.
Consult your Perkins dealer for information regarding
fixtures for proper engine lifting.
i07544338
Product Lifting
NOTICE
Never bend the eyebolts and the brackets. Only load
the eyebolts and the brackets under tension. Re-
member that the capacity of an eyebolt is less as the
angle between the supporting members and the ob-
ject becomes less than 90 degrees.
When it is necessary to remove a component at an
angle, only use a link bracket that is properly rated for
the weight.
NOTICE
Always inspect lifting eyebolts and all other lifting
equipment for damage before performing any lifting.
Never bend the eyebolts and the brackets. Never
perform product lifting if components are damaged.
Use a hoist to remove heavy components. Use an

adjustable lifting beam to lift the engine. All
supporting members (chains and cables) should be
parallel to each other. The chains and cables should
be perpendicular to the top of the object that is being
lifted.
Some removals require lifting the fixtures to obtain
proper balance and safety.
To remove the engine ONLY, use the lifting eyes that
are on the engine.
M0098787 29
Operation Section
Product Lifting
Engine
Typical example
(1) Rear lifting eye (2) Front lifting eye
Follow the safety instructions for the selected tool to

ensure a safe lift.
Remove any ATAAC lines, air cleaners, or other
attachments that would otherwise interfere with the
lift chains or other lifting devises.
The engine package center of gravity will change
depending on the engine attachments. Adjust the
spreader bar and chains as necessary to maintain a
lift within 5 degrees of horizontal in all directions.
30 M0098787
Operation Section
Product Storage
Remove the front load ring before returning the Note: The mixture of VCI oil can be added to the inlet
engine to service, to prevent the last load ring from by removing the plug for checking turbocharger boost
rubbing on the fan belt. pressure. The minimum application rate for the VCI
oil mixture is 5.5 mL per L (3 oz per 1000 cu in) of
Engine and Installed Radiator Only engine displacement.
The engine lifting eyes are rated to lift an engine with 7. Use a sprayer to apply a mixture of 50 percent VCI
attached radiator, assuming a less than 5 degree tilt oil and 50 percent crankcase oil into the exhaust
angle can be maintained. Be sure to use an openings. The minimum application rate for the oil
appropriate spreader set so that lifting chains are mixture is 5.5 mL per L (3 oz per 1000 cu in) of
perpendicular to the engine. engine displacement. Seal the exhaust pipe and
seal any drain holes in the muffler.
Radiator Only
8. Remove the fuel from the secondary fuel filter
Detach the radiator, and mounting bracket at the housing. Alternately, empty and reinstall the spin-
engine front support. Add eyebolts or lifting brackets on fuel filter element in order to remove any dirt
to the threaded holes marked for lifting. and water. Drain any sleeve metering fuel pump.
i06109969
Clean the primary fuel filter. Fill with calibration
fluid or kerosene. Install the primary fuel filter and
Product Storage operate the priming pump. This procedure will
send clean oil to the secondary filter and the
engine.
Open the fuel tank drain valve in order to drain any
Your Perkins distributor can assist in preparing the
engine for extended storage periods. water and dirt from the fuel tank. Apply a spray of
calibration fluid or kerosene at the rate of
An engine can be stored for up to 6 months provided 30 mL per 30 L (1 oz per 7.50 gal US) of fuel tank
all the recommendation are adhered to. capacity in order to prevent rust in the fuel tank.
Add 0.15 mL per L (.02 oz per 1 gal US) of
Engine commercial biocide such as Biobor JF to the fuel.
1. Clean the engine of any dirt, rust, grease, and oil. Apply a small amount of oil to the threads on the
Inspect the exterior. Paint areas that contain paint fuel tank filler neck and install the cap. Seal all
damage with a good quality paint. openings to the tank in order to prevent
2. Remove dirt from the air cleaners. Check all seals, evaporation of the fuel and as a preservative.
gaskets, and the filter element for damage. 9. Remove the fuel injectors. Apply 30 mL (1 oz) of
3. Apply lubricant to all points in this Operation and the mixture of oils (50 percent VCI oil and 50
Maintenance Manual, “Maintenance Interval percent engine oil) into each cylinder.
Schedule”. Use a bar or a turning tool in order to turn over the
4. Drain the crankcase oil. Replace the crankcase oil engine slowly. This procedure puts the oil on the
and change the oil filters. For the proper cylinder walls. Install all fuel injectors and tighten
procedure, refer to this Operation and to the correct torque. Refer to Disassembly and
Maintenance Manual. Assembly Manual for more information.
5. Add VCI oil to the crankcase oil. The volume of 10. Spray a thin amount of a mixture of 50 percent
VCI oil in the crankcase oil should be 3 to 4 VCI oil and 50 percent engine oil onto the following
percent. components: flywheel, ring gear teeth and starter
pinion. Install the covers in order to prevent
Note: If the engine crankcase is full, drain enough evaporation of the vapors from the VCI oil.
engine oil so the mixture can be added.
11. Apply a heavy amount of Multipurpose Grease to
6. Remove the air filter elements. Turn the engine at all outside parts that move, such as rod threads,
cranking speed with the throttle control in FUEL ball joints, linkage.
OFF position. Use a sprayer to add a mixture of 50
percent VCI oil and 50 percent engine oil into the Note: Install all covers. Ensure that tape has been
air inlet or turbocharger inlet. installed over all openings, air inlets, exhaust
openings, the flywheel housing, the crankcase
breathers, the dipstick tubes.
M0098787 31
Operation Section
Product Storage
Ensure that all covers are airtight and 7. Before starting the engine, remove the valve cover
weatherproof. Use a waterproof weather resistant or covers. Put a large amount of engine oil on the
tape such as Kendall No. 231 or an equivalent. Do camshaft, cam followers, and valve mechanism in
not use duct tape. Duct tape will only seal for a order to prevent damage to the mechanism.
short time.
12. Under most conditions, removing the batteries is
the best procedure. As an alternative, place the
batteries in storage. As needed, periodically
charge the batteries while the batteries are in
storage.
If the batteries are not removed, wash the tops of
the batteries until the tops are clean. Apply an
electrical charge to the batteries in order to obtain
a specific gravity of 1.225.
Disconnect the battery terminals. Place a plastic
cover over the batteries.
13. Remove the drive belts from the engine
14. Place a waterproof cover over the engine. Ensure
that the engine cover is secure. The cover should
be loose enough to allow air to circulate around
the engine in order to prevent damage from
condensation.
15. Attach a tag with the storage date to the engine.
16. Remove the waterproof cover at 2 month or 3
month intervals in order to check the engine for
corrosion. If the engine has signs of corrosion,
repeat the protection procedure.
Coolant System Typical example
(1) plug
Completely fill the cooling system before storage.
Refer to this Operation and Maintenance Manual, 8. If an engine is stored for more than 1 year, Perkins
“Fluid Recommendations” for more information about recommends Pre lubrication of the engine in order
coolants. to avoid dry starting. Use a suitable pump in order
to put engine oil into the engine oil system.
Remove Engine from Storage
The pump will need to create a minimum pressure
1. Remove all outside protective covers. within the engine of 0.25 bar (3.6 psi). This
pressure is needed for 15 seconds in order to
2. Change the oil and filters. lubricate the internal surfaces.
3. Check the condition of the fan and alternator belts. Remove of the plug shown in illustration 26 in
Replace the belts, if necessary. Refer to this order to connect to the engine oil system. The
Operation and Maintenance Manual, “Belts - connection required is 9/16" x 18 tpi. Ensure that
Inspect/Adjust/Replace” for the correct procedure. the correct oil specification is used, refer to this
4. Replace the fuel filter elements. Operation and Maintenance Manual, “Fluid
Recommendations” for more information. After the
5. Remove the plastic covers from the air cleaner engine internal surfaces have been lubricated,
elements. remove connector and install plug (1). Tighten plug
6. Use a bar or a turning tool in order to turn the to a torque of 30 N·m (265 lb in). Perkins
engine in the normal direction of rotation. The recommends that the procedure must be
procedure ensures that no hydraulic locks or performed in a minimum ambient temperature of
resistance exist. 10° C (50° F).
32 M0098787
Operation Section
Product Storage
9. Check the condition of all rubber hoses. Replace

any worn hoses. Replace any damaged hoses.
10. Before start-up, test the cooling system for a 3
percent to a 6 percent concentration of coolant
conditioner. Add liquid coolant conditioner or a
coolant conditioner element, if equipped.
Test the coolant mixture for proper nitrite level. If
necessary, adjust the coolant mixture.
Prime the engine with clean diesel fuel before
starting.
11. Ensure that the cooling system is clean. Ensure
that the system is full. Ensure that the system has
the correct amount of supplemental cooling
system conditioner.
12. On the first day of operation, check the entire
engine several times for leaks and correct
operation.
M0098787 33
Operation Section
Features and Controls
Features and Controls

i07542558
Control Panel
(If Equipped)
(1) “Key switch” (4) “Up arrow” (7) “Decrease engine speed”
(2) “Increase engine speed” (5) “Down arrow” (8) “Diagnostic connection”
(3) “Menu” (6) “Enter”
Note: The control panel may be installed on the left-

hand side of the engine.
34 M0098787
Operation Section
Engine Diagnostics
Engine Diagnostics i01902949
i05194988
Fault Logging
Self-Diagnostics The system provides the capability of Fault Logging.
When the Electronic Control Module (ECM)
generates an active diagnostic code, the code will be
Perkins Electronic Engines have the capability to logged in the memory of the ECM. The codes that
perform a self-diagnostics test. When the system have been logged by the ECM can be identified by
detects an active problem, a diagnostic lamp is the electronic service tool. The active codes that
activated. Diagnostic codes will be stored in have been logged will be cleared when the fault has
permanent memory in the Electronic Control Module been rectified or the fault is no longer active. The
(ECM). The diagnostic codes can be retrieved by following logged faults can not be cleared from the
using Perkins electronic service tools. memory of the ECM without using a factory
password: Overspeed, low engine oil pressure and
Some installations have electronic displays that high engine coolant temperature.
provide direct readouts of the engine diagnostic
codes. Refer to the manual that is provided by the i03554534
OEM for more information on retrieving engine
diagnostic codes.
Engine Operation with Active
Active codes represent problems that currently exist.
These problems should be investigated first.
Diagnostic Codes
Logged codes represent the following items:
If a diagnostic lamp illuminates during normal engine
• Intermittent problems operation, the system has identified a situation that is
not within the specification. Use electronic service
• Recorded events tools to check the active diagnostic codes.
• Performance history Note: If the customer has selected “DERATE” and if
there is a low oil pressure condition, the Electronic
The problems may have been repaired since the Control Module (ECM) will limit the engine power
logging of the code. These codes do not indicate that until the problem is corrected. If the oil pressure is
a repair is needed. The codes are guides or signals within the normal range, the engine may be operated
when a situation exists. Codes may be helpful to at the rated speed and load. However, maintenance
troubleshoot problems. should be performed as soon as possible.
When the problems have been corrected, the The active diagnostic code should be investigated.
corresponding logged fault codes should be cleared. The cause of the problem should be corrected as
soon as possible. If the cause of the active diagnostic
i03554520 code is repaired and there is only one active
diagnostic code, the diagnostic lamp will turn off.
Diagnostic Lamp Operation of the engine and performance of the
engine can be limited as a result of the active
diagnostic code that is generated. Acceleration rates
A diagnostic lamp is used to indicate the existence of may be significantly slower. Refer to the
an active fault. A fault diagnostic code will remain Troubleshooting Guide for more information on the
active until the problem is repaired. The diagnostic relationship between these active diagnostic codes
code may be retrieved by using the electronic service and engine performance.
tool.
M0098787 35
Operation Section
Engine Operation with Intermittent Diagnostic Codes
i01797063
Engine Operation with

Intermittent Diagnostic Codes
If a diagnostic lamp illuminates during normal engine

operation and the diagnostic lamp shuts off, an
intermittent fault may have occurred. If a fault has
occurred, the fault will be logged into the memory of
the Electronic Control Module (ECM).
In most cases, it is not necessary to stop the engine
because of an intermittent code. However, the
operator should retrieve the logged fault codes and
the operator should reference the appropriate
information in order to identify the nature of the event.
The operator should log any observation that could
have caused the lamp to light.
• Low power
• Limits of the engine speed

• Excessive smoke, etc
This information can be useful to help troubleshoot
the situation. The information can also be used for
future reference. For more information on diagnostic
codes, refer to the Troubleshooting Guide for this
engine.
i06225055
Configuration Parameters
The engine electronic control module (ECM) has two

types of configuration parameters. The system
configuration parameters and the customer specified
parameters.
The electronic service tool is required in order to alter
the configuration parameters.
System Configuration Parameters

System configuration parameters affect the
emissions of the engine or the power of the engine.
System configuration parameters are programmed at
the factory. Normally, system configuration
parameters would never require changing through
the life of the engine. System configuration
parameters must be reprogrammed if an ECM is
replaced. System configuration parameters do not
require reprogrammed if the ECM software is
changed. Factory passwords are required to change
these parameters.
For more information on system configuration
parameters and customer specified parameters, refer
to Troubleshooting manual.
36 M0098787
Operation Section
Engine Starting
Engine Starting • Do not start the engine or move any of the controls
if there is a “DO NOT OPERATE” warning tag or
similar warning tag attached to the start switch or
i02109067 to the controls.
Before Starting Engine • Ensure that the areas around the rotating parts are
clear.
• All of the guards must be put in place. Check for

Perform the required daily maintenance and other
damaged guards or for missing guards. Repair
periodic maintenance before the engine is started.
Inspect the engine compartment. This inspection can any damaged guards. Replace damaged guards
help prevent major repairs at a later date. Refer to and/or missing guards.
the Operation and Maintenance Manual,
“Maintenance Interval Schedule” for more • Disconnect any battery chargers that are not
information. protected against the high current drain that is
created when the electric starting motor (if
• For the maximum service life of the engine, make equipped) is engaged. Check electrical cables and
a thorough inspection before the engine is started. check the battery for poor connections and for
Look for the following items: oil leaks, coolant corrosion.
leaks, loose bolts and trash buildup. Remove trash
buildup and arrange for repairs, as needed. • Reset all of the shutoffs or alarm components.
• Inspect the aftercooler for loose connections and • Check the engine lubrication oil level. Maintain the
for debris buildup. oil level between the “ADD” mark and the “FULL”
mark on the oil level gauge.
• Inspect the cooling system hoses for cracks and
for loose clamps. • Check the coolant level. Observe the coolant level
in the coolant recovery tank (if equipped). Maintain
• Inspect the alternator and accessory drive belts for the coolant level to the “FULL” mark on the coolant
cracks, breaks, and other damage. recovery tank.
• Inspect the wiring for loose connections and for • If the engine is not equipped with a coolant
worn wires or frayed wires. recovery tank maintain the coolant level within
13 mm (0.5 inch) of the bottom of the filler pipe. If
• Check the fuel supply. Drain water from the water the engine is equipped with a sight glass, maintain
separator (if equipped). Open the fuel supply the coolant level in the sight glass.
valve.
• Observe the air cleaner service indicator (if
NOTICE equipped). Service the air cleaner when the yellow
All valves in the fuel return line must be open before diaphragm enters the red zone, or when the red
and during engine operation to help prevent high fuel piston locks in the visible position.
pressure. High fuel pressure may cause filter housing
failure or other damage. • Ensure that any driven equipment has been
disengaged. Minimize electrical loads or remove
any electrical loads.
If the engine has not been started for several weeks,
fuel may have drained from the fuel system. Air may i06092648
have entered the filter housing. Also, when fuel filters
have been changed, some air pockets will be trapped Starting the Engine
in the engine. In these instances, prime the fuel
system. Refer to the Operation and Maintenance
Manual, “Fuel System - Prime” for more information
on priming the fuel system.
Engine exhaust contains products of combustion

which may be harmful to your health. Always
Engine exhaust contains products of combustion start and operate the engine in a well ventilated
which may be harmful to your health. Always area and, if in an enclosed area, vent the exhaust
start and operate the engine in a well ventilated to the outside.
area and, if in an enclosed area, vent the exhaust
to the outside.
M0098787 37
Operation Section
Starting the Engine
Starting the Engine Note: Oil pressures and fuel pressures should be in
the normal range on the instrument panel. Engines
Refer to the Owners Manual of the OEM for your type that are equipped with “WARNING” lamps do not
of controls. Use the following procedure to start the have an operating range. The “WARNING and
engine. DIAGNOSTIC” lamp (if equipped) will flash while the
engine is cranking. The lamp should turn off after
1. Place the transmission in NEUTRAL. Disengage proper engine oil pressure or fuel pressure is
the flywheel clutch in order to allow the engine to achieved. Do not apply a load to the engine or
start faster, and to reduce the draining of the increase engine rpm until the oil pressure gauge
battery. indicates at least normal pressure. Inspect the engine
for leaks and/or unusual noises.
2. Turn the ignition switch to the ON position.
If the engine is operated with a low load, the engine
During the key on, all warning lamps will illuminate
will reach normal operating temperature sooner than
for a few seconds, in order to test the circuits. If idling the engine with no load. When the engine is
any lamps do not illuminate, check the bulbs and idled in cold weather, increase the engine rpm to
replace as necessary. approximately 1000 to 1200 rpm in order to raise
engine temperature. Do not exceed the
NOTICE recommended rpm in order to increase the speed of
Do not engage the starting motor when flywheel is the warm-up. Limit unnecessary idle time to 10
turning. Do not start the engine under load. minutes.
If the engine fails to start within 30 seconds, release Starting Problems

the starter switch or button and wait two minutes to
allow the starting motor to cool before attempting to
start the engine again. An occasional starting problem may be caused by
one of the following items:
3. Push the start button or turn the ignition switch to • Low battery charge
the START position in order to crank the engine.
• Lack of fuel
Do not push down or hold the throttle down while
the engine is cranked. The system will • Problem with the wiring harness
automatically provide the correct amount of fuel If the engine fuel system has been run dry, fill the fuel
that is needed to start the engine. tank and prime the fuel system. Refer to the
Operation and Maintenance Manual, “Fuel System -
4. If the engine fails to start within 30 seconds, Prime” topic (Maintenance Section).
release the start button, or the ignition switch. Wait
for 2 minutes in order to allow the starting motor to
cool before attempting to start the engine again.
NOTICE
Oil pressure should rise within 15 seconds after the
engine starts. Do not increase engine rpm until the oil
pressure gauge indicates normal. If oil pressure is
not indicated on the gauge within 15 seconds, DO
NOT operate the engine. STOP the engine, investi-
gate and correct the cause.
5. Allow the engine to idle for approximately 3

minutes. Idle the engine until the water
temperature gauge has begun to rise. Check all
gauges during the warm-up period.
38 M0098787
Operation Section
Cold Weather Starting
If the other problems are suspected, perform the Note: If the engine has not been run for several
appropriate procedure in order to start the engine. weeks, fuel may have drained. Air may have moved
into the filter housing. Also, when fuel filters have
Problems with the Wiring Harness been changed, some air will be left in the filter
housing. Refer to the Operation and Maintenance
Manual, “Fuel System - Prime” (Maintenance
Section) for more information on priming the fuel
system.
Ether Injection System (If

Equipped)
The ether injection system is controlled by the ECM.
The ECM monitors the coolant temperature, intake
air temperature, ambient air temperature, and
barometric pressure to determine when ether
injection is needed. At sea level, ether will be used if
any of the temperatures fails to exceed 0° C (32° F).
This temperature is subject to an increase as
barometric pressure increases.
Personal injury or property damage can result

from alcohol or starting fluids.
Alcohol or starting fluids are highly flammable
and toxic and if improperly stored could result in
ECM Connector J2/P2 injury or property damage.
Locate the ECM. Check the connector in order to
ensure that the connector is secure. Lightly pull each Follow the procedure in this Operation and
of the wires in the chassis harness. Maintenance Manual, “Starting the Engine”.
1. Pull each wire with approximately 4.5 kg (10 lb) of
force. The wire should remain in the connector. i06092747
2. If a wire is loose, push the wire back into the Starting with Jump Start
connector. Pull the wire again in order to ensure
that the wire is secure. Cables
3. Start the engine. If the engine does not start, check (Do Not Use This Procedure in
for a diagnostic code and consult your Perkins Hazardous Locations that have
distributor.
Explosive Atmospheres)
i04132731
Cold Weather Starting

The connection of battery cables to a battery and
Startability will be improved at temperatures below the disconnection of battery cables from a battery
10°C (50°F) from the use of a cylinder block coolant may cause an explosion which may result in in-
heater or from other means that are used to heat the jury or death. The connection and the disconnec-
crankcase oil. Some engine applications use a jacket tion of other electrical equipment may also cause
water heater to improve startability. Use of a jacket an explosion which may result in injury or death.
water heater will help reduce white smoke and The procedures for the connection and the dis-
misfire during start-up in cold weather. connection of battery cables and other electrical
equipment should only be performed in a nonex-
plosive atmosphere.
M0098787 39
Operation Section
After Starting Engine
5. Immediately after the engine is started, disconnect

the jump-start cables in reverse order.
Improper jump start cable connections can cause
an explosion resulting in personal injury. After jump starting, the alternator may not be able to
recharge fully batteries that are severely discharged.
Prevent sparks near the batteries. Sparks could The batteries must be replaced or charged to the
cause vapors to explode. Do not allow jump start proper voltage with a battery charger after the engine
cable ends to contact each other or the engine. is stopped. Many batteries which are considered
unusable are still rechargeable. Refer to Operation
and Maintenance Manual, “Battery - Replace” and
Note: If possible, first diagnose the reason for the Testing and Adjusting Manual, “Battery - Test”.
starting failure. Refer to Troubleshooting, “Engine
Will Not Crank and Engine Cranks But Will Not Start” i05359363
for further information. Make any necessary repairs.
If the engine will not start only due to the condition of After Starting Engine
the battery, either charge the battery, or start the
engine by using another battery with jump-start
cables. The condition of the battery can be
Note: In temperatures from 0 to 60°C (32 to 140°F),
rechecked after the engine has been switched OFF.
the warm-up time is approximately 3 minutes. In
temperatures below 0°C (32°F), additional warm-up
NOTICE time may be required.
Using a battery source with the same voltage as the
electric starting motor. Use ONLY equal voltage for When the engine is idling during warm-up, observe
jump starting. The use of higher voltage will damage the following conditions:
the electrical system.
• Check for fluid or air leaks at idle rpm and at one-
Do not reverse the battery cables. The alternator can half full rpm (no load on the engine) before
be damaged. Attach ground cable last and remove operating the engine under load. Operating the
first. engine at idle and at one-half full rpm with no load
Turn all electrical accessories OFF before attaching is not possible in some applications.
the jump start cables.
• Operate the engine at low idle until all systems
Ensure that the main power switch is in the OFF posi- achieve operating temperatures. Check all gauges
tion before attaching the jump start cables to the en- during the warm-up period.
gine being started.
Note: Gauge readings should be observed and the
data should be recorded frequently while the engine
1. Turn the start switch on the stalled engine to the is operating. Comparing the data over time will help
OFF position. Turn off all the engines accessories. to determine normal readings for each gauge.
Comparing data over time will also help detect
2. Connect one positive end of the jump-start cable to
abnormal operating developments. Significant
the positive cable terminal of the discharged changes in the readings should be investigated.
battery. Connect the other positive end of the
jump-start cable to the positive cable terminal of
the electrical source.
Extended Idle at Cold Ambient
Temperature
3. Connect one negative end of the jump-start cable
to the negative cable terminal of the electrical The engine may automatically change speeds when
source. Connect the other negative end of the the engine is idling in cold ambient temperatures
jump-start cable to the engine block or to the (typically less than 0° C (32° F) for extended periods.
chassis ground. This procedure helps to prevent The purpose of the automatic speed change is
threefold: to maintain the desired operation of the
potential sparks from igniting the combustible NOx reduction system, to maintain the desired
gases that are produced by some batteries. operation of the regeneration system and to keep the
engine coolant warm. The engine speed may rise to
Note: The engine ECM must be powered before the 1600 rpm for as long as 20 minutes.
starting motor is operated or damage can occur.
The high exhaust system temperature lamp may
4. Start the engine in the normal operating illuminate during extended idling conditions. This
procedure. Refer to this Operation and illumination signals that a diesel particulate filter
Maintenance Manual, “Starting the Engine”. (DPF) regeneration is in progress. Regenerations
during cold ambient extended idling may only last up
to 10 minutes.
40 M0098787
Operation Section
Engine Operation
Engine Operation Fuel expands when the fuel is warmed up. The fuel
may overflow from the fuel tank. Inspect fuel lines for
leaks. Repair the fuel lines, as needed.
i04038637
• Be aware of the properties of the different fuels.
Engaging the Driven Use only the recommended fuels. Refer to the
Operations and Maintenance Manual, “Fuel
Equipment Recommendations”for further information.
• Avoid unnecessary idling.

1. Operate the engine at one-half of the rated rpm, Shut off the engine rather than idle for long periods of
when possible. time.
2. Engage the driven equipment without a load on the • Observe the service indicator frequently. Keep the
equipment, when possible. air cleaner elements clean.
Interrupted starts put excessive stress on the drive • Ensure that the turbocharger is operating
train. Interrupted starts also waste fuel. To get the correctly. For more information refer to this
driven equipment in motion, engage the clutch Operation and Maintenance Manual ,
smoothly with no load on the equipment. This “Turbocharger - Inspect”
method should produce a start that is smooth and
easy. The engine rpm should not increase and the • Maintain a good electrical system.
clutch should not slip. One faulty battery cell will overwork the alternator.
3. Ensure that the ranges of the gauges are normal This fault will consume excess power and excess
when the engine is operating at one-half of the fuel.
rated rpm. Ensure that all gauges operate • The belt should be in good condition. Refer to the
properly. Systems Operation, Testing and Adjusting, “V-Belt
4. Increase the engine rpm to the rated rpm. Always Test” for further information.
increase the engine rpm to the rated rpm before • Ensure that all of the connections of the hoses are
the load is applied. tight. The connections should not leak.
5. Apply the load. Begin operating the engine at low • Ensure that the driven equipment is in good
load. Check the gauges and equipment for proper working order.
operation. After normal oil pressure is reached and
the temperature gauge begins to move, the engine • Cold engines consume excess fuel. Utilize heat
may be operated at full load. Check the gauges from the jacket water system and the exhaust
and equipment frequently when the engine is system, when possible. Keep cooling system
operated under load. components clean and keep cooling system
components in good repair. Never operate the
Extended operation at low idle or at reduced load engine without water temperature regulators. All of
may cause increased oil consumption and carbon these items will help maintain operating
buildup in the cylinders. This carbon buildup temperatures.
results in a loss of power and/or poor
performance.
i04018232
Fuel Conservation Practices
The efficiency of the engine can affect the fuel

economy. Perkins design and technology in
manufacturing provides maximum fuel efficiency in
all applications. Follow the recommended procedures
in order to attain optimum performance for the life of
the engine.
• Avoid spilling fuel.

M0098787 41
Operation Section
Engine Stopping
Engine Stopping Ensure that any components for the external system
that support the engine operation are secured after
the engine is stopped.
i02572824
i02583411
Manual Stop Procedure
After Stopping Engine
Stopping the Engine
Note: Before you check the engine oil, do not
operate the engine for at least 10 minutes in order to
NOTICE allow the engine oil to return to the oil pan.
Stopping the engine immediately after it has been
working under load, can result in overheating and ac- • Check the crankcase oil level. Maintain the oil
celerated wear of the engine components. level between the “LOW” mark and the “HIGH”
Avoid accelerating the engine prior to shutting it mark on the oil level gauge.
down.
Note: Only use oil that is recommended in this
Avoiding hot engine shutdowns will maximize turbo- Operation and Maintenance Manual, “Fluid
charger shaft and bearing life. Recommendations”. Failure to use the recommended
oil may result in engine damage.
Note: Individual applications will have different • If necessary, perform minor adjustments. Repair
control systems. Ensure that the shutoff procedures any leaks and tighten any loose bolts.
are understood. Use the following general guidelines
in order to stop the engine. • Note the service hour meter reading. Perform the
maintenance that is in the Operation and
1. Remove the load from the engine. Allow the Maintenance Manual, “Maintenance Interval
engine to run under no load conditions for five Schedule”.
minutes in order to cool the engine.
• Fill the fuel tank in order to help prevent
2. Stop the engine after the cool down period accumulation of moisture in the fuel. Do not overfill
according to the shutoff system on the engine and the fuel tank.
turn the ignition keyswitch to the OFF position. If
• Allow the engine to cool. Check the coolant level.
necessary, refer to the instructions that are Maintain the cooling system at 13 mm (0.5 inch)
provided by the OEM. from the bottom of the pipe for filling.
Emergency Stopping Note: Only use coolant that is recommended in this

Operation and Maintenance Manual, “Fluid
Recommendations”. Failure to use the recommended
NOTICE oil may result in engine damage.
Emergency shutoff controls are for EMERGENCY
use ONLY. DO NOT use emergency shutoff devices • If freezing temperatures are expected, check the
or controls for normal stopping procedure. coolant for proper antifreeze protection. The
The OEM may have equipped the application with an cooling system must be protected against freezing
emergency stop button. For more information about to the lowest expected outside temperature. Add
the emergency stop button, refer to the OEM the proper coolant/water mixture, if necessary.
information.
• Perform all required periodic maintenance on all
driven equipment. This maintenance is outlined in
the instructions from the OEM.
42 M0098787
Operation Section
Cold Weather Operation
Cold Weather Operation The cloud point of the fuel is the temperature at
which waxes naturally found in the diesel fuel begin
to form crystals. The cloud point of the fuel must be
i05954317 below lowest ambient temperature to prevent filters
from plugging.
Radiator Restrictions Cold Filter Plugging Point is a temperature at which a
particular fuel will pass through a standardized
filtration device. This CFPP gives an estimate of the
Perkins discourages the use of airflow restriction lower operability temperature of fuel
devices that are mounted in front of radiators. Airflow
restriction can cause the following conditions: Pour point is the last temperature before the fuel flow
stops and waxing of the fuel will start.
• High exhaust temperatures
Be aware of these properties when diesel fuel is
• Power loss purchased. Consider the average ambient air
temperature for the engines application. Engines that
• Excessive fan usage are fueled in one climate may not operate well if the
engines are shipped to colder climate. Problems can
• Reduction in fuel economy result due to changes in temperature.
If an airflow restriction device must be used, the Before troubleshooting for low power or for poor
device should have a permanent opening directly in performance in the winter, check the fuel for waxing
line with the fan hub. The device must have a 2
minimum opening dimension of at least 770 cm The following components can provide a means of
(120 in2). minimizing fuel waxing problems in cold weather:
A centered opening that is directly in line with the fan
• Fuel heaters, which may be an OEM option
hub is specified in order to prevent an interrupted
airflow on the fan blades. Interrupted airflow on the • Fuel line insulation, which may be an OEM option
fan blades could cause a fan failure.
Perkins recommends a warning device for the inlet Winter and arctic grades of diesel fuel are available in
manifold temperature and/or the installation of an the countries and territories with severe winters. For
more information refer to the Operation and
inlet air temperature gauge. The warning device for Maintenance Manual, “Fuel For Cold Weather
the inlet manifold temperature should be set at 75 °C Operation”
(167 °F). The inlet manifold air temperature should
not exceed 75 °C (167 °F). Temperatures that Another important fuel property which can affect cold
exceed this limit can cause power loss and potential start and operation of diesel engine is Cetane
engine damage. number. Detail and requirements of this property are
given in this Operation and Maintenance Manual,
i05849931 “Fluid Recommendations”.
Fuel and the Effect from Cold i06093465
Weather Fuel Related Components in

Cold Weather
Note: Only use grades of fuel that are recommended
by Perkins. Refer to this Operation and Maintenance
Manual, “Fluid Recommendations”. Fuel Tanks
Properties of the diesel fuel can have a significant
effect on the engine cold start capability. It is critical Condensation can form in partially filled fuel tanks.
that the low temperature properties of diesel fuel are Top off the fuel tanks after operating the engine.
acceptable for the minimum ambient temperature the
engine is expected to see in the operation. Fuel tanks should contain some provision for draining
water and sediment from the bottom of the tanks.
Following properties are used to define fuels low Some fuel tanks use supply pipes that allow water
and sediment to settle below the end of the fuel
temperature capability: supply pipe.
• Cloud point Some fuel tanks use supply lines that take fuel
directly from the bottom of the tank. If the engine is
• Pour point equipped with this system, regular maintenance of
• Cold Filter Plugging Point (CFPP) the fuel system filter is important.
M0098787 43
Operation Section
Fuel Related Components in Cold Weather
Drain the water and sediment from any fuel storage

tank at the following intervals:
• Weekly
• Oil changes
• Refueling of the fuel tank

This draining will help prevent water and/or sediment
from being pumped from the fuel storage tank and
into the engine fuel tank.
Fuel Heaters
Fuel heaters help to prevent fuel filters from plugging
in cold weather due to waxing. A fuel heater should
be installed in order for the fuel to be heated before
the fuel enters the primary fuel filter.
Select a fuel heater that is mechanically simple, yet
adequate for the application. The fuel heater should
also help to prevent overheating of the fuel. High fuel
temperatures reduce engine performance and the
availability of engine power. Choose a fuel heater
with a large heating surface. The fuel heater should
be practical in size. Small heaters can be too hot due
to the limited surface area.
Disconnect the fuel heater in warm weather.
Note: Fuel heaters that are controlled by the water

temperature regulator or self-regulating fuel heaters
should be used with this engine. Fuel heaters that are
not controlled by the water temperature regulator can
heat the fuel in excess of 65° C (149° F). A loss of
engine power can occur if the fuel supply
temperature exceeds 37° C (100° F).
Note: Heat exchanger type fuel heaters should have
a bypass provision in order to prevent overheating of
the fuel in warm-weather operation.
For further information on fuel heaters, consult your
Perkins distributor .
44 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Refill Capacities
Maintenance Section (Table 2, contd)

(1) The total cooling system capacity includes the following compo-
nents: the engine block, the radiator, and all coolant hoses and
lines.
Refill Capacities
i07306220
i07536312
Fluid Recommendations
Refill Capacities
General Coolant Information
Refer to this Operation and Maintenance Manual,
“Fluid Recommendations” for information about the
fluids which are acceptable for this engine. NOTICE
Never add coolant to an overheated engine. Engine
damage could result. Allow the engine to cool first.
Lubricant Refill Capacities
The refill capacities for the engine crankcase reflect
the approximate capacity of the crankcase or sump NOTICE
If the engine is to be stored in, or shipped to an area
plus standard oil filters. Auxiliary oil filter systems will with below freezing temperatures, the cooling system
require more oil. Refer to the Original Equipment must be either protected to the lowest outside tem-
Manufacturer (OEM) specifications for the capacity of perature or drained completely to prevent damage.
the auxiliary oil filter.
Table 1
1706A and 1706D Industrial Engine NOTICE
Approximate Refill Capacities Frequently check the specific gravity of the coolant
for proper freeze protection or for anti-boil protection.
System Liters Quarts
Clean the cooling system for the following reasons:
Oil Sump(1) 32 33.8
(1) These values are approximate capacities for the crankcase oil • Contamination of the cooling system
sump which include the standard oil filters that are installed at
the factory. Engines with auxiliary oil filters will require more oil. • Overheating of the engine
Refer to the OEM specifications for the capacity of the auxiliary
oil filter. • Foaming of the coolant
Coolant Refill Capacities NOTICE

Never operate an engine without water temperature
To maintain the cooling system, the total cooling regulators in the cooling system. Water temperature
system capacity must be known. The capacity of the regulators help to maintain the engine coolant at the
total cooling system will vary. The capacity will proper operating temperature. Cooling system prob-
depend on the size of the radiator (capacity). Table 2 lems can develop without water temperature
should be completed by the customer for the regulators.
maintenance of the cooling system.
Table 2 Many engine failures are related to the cooling
Approximate Capacity of the Cooling System system. The following problems are related to cooling
system failures: Overheating, leakage of the water
Compartment or
Liters Quarts
pump and plugged radiators or heat exchangers.
System
These failures can be avoided with correct cooling
Total Cooling Sys- system maintenance. Cooling system maintenance is
tem(1) as important as maintenance of the fuel system and
the lubrication system. Quality of the coolant is as
important as the quality of the fuel and the lubricating
(continued) oil.
Coolant is normally composed of three elements:
Water, additives and glycol.
Water
Water is used in the cooling system to transfer heat.
M0098787 45
Maintenance Section
Distilled water or deionized water is Glycol

recommended for use in engine cooling systems.
Glycol in the coolant helps to provide protection
DO NOT use the following types of water in cooling against the following conditions:
systems: Hard water, softened water that has been
conditioned with salt and sea water. • Boiling
If distilled water or deionized water is not available,
use water with the properties that are listed in Table 3 • Freezing
.
Table 3
• Cavitation of the water pump
Acceptable Water For optimum performance, Perkins recommends a
1:1 mixture of a water/glycol solution.
Property Maximum Limit
Note: Use a mixture that will provide protection
Chloride (Cl) 40 mg/L
against the lowest ambient temperature.
Sulfate (SO4) 100 mg/L
Note: 100 percent pure glycol will freeze at a
Total Hardness 170 mg/L temperature of −13 °C (8.6 °F).
Total Solids 340 mg/L Most conventional antifreezes use ethylene glycol.
Acidity pH of 5.5 to 9.0
Propylene glycol may also be used. In a 1:1 mixture
with water, ethylene and propylene glycol provide
similar protection against freezing and boiling. Refer
For a water analysis, consult one of the following to Table 4 and refer to table 5 .
sources: Table 4
• Local water utility company Ethylene Glycol
• Agricultural agent Concentration Freeze Protection

50 Percent −36 °C (−33 °F)
• Independent laboratory
60 Percent −51 °C (−60 °F)
Additives
Additives help to protect the metal surfaces of the NOTICE
cooling system. A lack of coolant additives or Do not use propylene glycol in concentrations that
insufficient amounts of additives enable the following exceed 50 percent glycol because of the reduced
conditions to occur: heat transfer capability of propylene glycol. Use ethyl-
ene glycol in conditions that require additional protec-
• Corrosion tion against boiling or freezing.
• Formation of mineral deposits Table 5
• Rust Propylene Glycol
• Scale Concentration Freeze Protection

50 Percent −29 °C (−20 °F)
• Foaming of the coolant
Many additives are depleted during engine operation. To check the concentration of glycol in the coolant,
These additives must be replaced periodically. measure the specific gravity of the coolant.
Additives must be added at the correct concentration. Coolant Recommendations
Over concentration of additives can cause the
inhibitors to drop out-of-solution. The deposits can
enable the following problems to occur: • ELC Extended Life Coolant
• Formation of gel compounds • SCA Supplement Coolant Additive
• Reduction of heat transfer • ASTM American Society for Testing and

Materials
• Leakage of the water pump seal
The following two coolants are used in Perkins diesel
• Plugging of radiators, coolers, and small passages engines:
Preferred – Perkins ELC
46 M0098787
Maintenance Section
The anti-corrosion package for ELC is different from

the anti-corrosion package for other coolants. ELC is
Acceptable – A commercial heavy-duty antifreeze an ethylene glycol base coolant. However, ELC
that meets “ASTM D6210” specifications contains organic corrosion inhibitors and antifoam
agents with low amounts of nitrite. Perkins ELC has
been formulated with the correct amount of these
NOTICE additives to provide superior corrosion protection for
The Perkins industrial engines must be operated all metals in engine cooling systems.
with a 1:1 mixture of water and glycol. This con-
centration allows the NOx reduction system to ELC is available in a premixed cooling solution with
operate correctly at high ambient temperatures. distilled water. ELC is a 1:1 mixture. The Premixed
ELC provides freeze protection to −36 °C (−33 °F).
The Premixed ELC is recommended for the initial fill
of the cooling system. The Premixed ELC is also
NOTICE
Do not use a commercial coolant/antifreeze that only recommended for topping off the cooling system.
meets the ASTM D3306 specification. This type of
Containers of several sizes are available. Consult
coolant/antifreeze is made for light automotive your Perkins distributor for the part numbers.
applications.
ELC Cooling System Maintenance
Perkins recommends a 1:1 mixture of water and
glycol. This mixture of water and glycol will provide
optimum heavy-duty performance as an antifreeze. Correct additions to the Extended Life
This ratio may be increased to 1:2 water to glycol if Coolant
extra freezing protection is required.
A mixture of SCA inhibitor and water is acceptable NOTICE
but will not give the same level of corrosion, boiling Use only Perkins products for pre-mixed or concen-
and, freezing protection as ELC. Perkins trated coolants.
recommends a 6 percent to 8 percent concentration Mixing Extended Life Coolant with other products re-
of SCA in those cooling systems. Distilled water or duces the Extended Life Coolant service life. Failure
deionized water is preferred. to follow the recommendations can reduce cooling
Table 6 system components life unless appropriate corrective
action is performed.
Coolant Service Life
Coolant Type Service Life (1) To maintain the correct balance between the
antifreeze and the additives, you must maintain the
Perkins ELC
6,000 Service Hours or Three recommended concentration of ELC. Lowering the
Years proportion of antifreeze lowers the proportion of
Commercial Heavy-Duty Anti-
additive. Lowering the ability of the coolant to protect
freeze that meets “ASTM 3000 Service Hours or Two Year
the system will form pitting, from cavitation, from
D6210” erosion, and from deposits.
Commercial SCA inhibitor and NOTICE
3000 Service Hours or One Year
Water Do not use a conventional coolant to top-off a cooling
(1) Use the interval that occurs first. The cooling system must also system that is filled with Extended Life Coolant
be flushed out at this time. (ELC).
Do not use standard supplemental coolant additive
ELC (SCA).
Perkins provides ELC for use in the following When using Perkins ELC, do not use standard SCA's
applications: or SCA filters.
• Heavy-duty spark ignited gas engines
• Heavy-duty diesel engines ELC Cooling System Cleaning

• Automotive applications Note: If the cooling system is already using ELC,
cleaning agents are not required to be used at the
specified coolant change interval. Cleaning agents
are only required if the system has been
contaminated by the addition of some other type of
coolant or by cooling system damage.
M0098787 47
Maintenance Section
Clean water is the only cleaning agent that is ELC Cooling System Contamination
required when ELC is drained from the cooling
system.
NOTICE
Before the cooling system is filled, the heater control Mixing ELC with other products reduces the effective-
(if equipped) must be set to the HOT position. Refer ness of the ELC and shortens the ELC service life.
to the OEM to set the heater control. After the cooling Use only Perkins Products for premixed or concen-
system is drained and the cooling system is refilled, trate coolants. Failure to follow these recommenda-
tions can result in shortened cooling system
operate the engine until the coolant level reaches the component life.
normal operating temperature and until the coolant
level stabilizes. As needed, add the coolant mixture ELC cooling systems can withstand contamination to
to fill the system to the specified level.
a maximum of 10 percent of conventional heavy-duty
antifreeze or SCA. If the contamination exceeds 10
Changing to Perkins ELC percent of the total system capacity, perform ONE of
the following procedures:
To change from heavy-duty antifreeze to the Perkins
ELC, perform the following steps: • Drain the cooling system into a suitable container.
Dispose of the coolant according to local
NOTICE regulations. Flush the system with a 5 to 10
Care must be taken to ensure that all fluids are con- percent solution of Perkins ELC. Fill the system
tained during performance of inspection, mainte- with the Perkins ELC.
nance, testing, adjusting and the repair of the
product. Be prepared to collect the fluid with suitable • Drain a portion of the cooling system into a
containers before opening any compartment or disas- suitable container according to local regulations.
sembling any component containing fluids. Then, fill the cooling system with premixed ELC.
Dispose of all fluids according to local regulations This procedure should lower the contamination to
and mandates. less than 10 percent.
• Maintain the system as a conventional Heavy-

1. Drain the coolant into a suitable container. Duty Coolant. Treat the system with an SCA.
Change the coolant at the interval that is
2. Dispose of the coolant according to local recommended for the conventional Heavy-Duty
regulations. Coolant.
3. Fill the cooling system with a 33 percent solution of
Perkins ELC and operate the engine, ensure that
Commercial Heavy-Duty Antifreeze and
the thermostat opens. Stop the engine and allow SCA
the engine to cool. Drain the coolant.
NOTICE
Note: Use distilled or deionized water in the solution. Commercial Heavy-Duty Coolant which contains
Amine as part of the corrosion protection system
4. Again, fill the cooling system with a 33 percent must not be used.
solution of Perkins ELC and operate the engine
ensure that the thermostat opens. Stop the engine
and allow to cool. NOTICE
Never operate an engine without water temperature
5. Drain the cooling system. regulators in the cooling system. Water temperature
regulators help to maintain the engine coolant at the
NOTICE correct operating temperature. Cooling system prob-
Incorrect or incomplete flushing of the cooling system lems can develop without water temperature
can result in damage to copper and other metal regulators.
components.
Check the antifreeze (glycol concentration) to ensure
adequate protection against boiling or freezing.
6. Fill the cooling system with the Perkins Premixed Perkins recommends the use of a refractometer for
ELC. Operate the engine. Ensure that all coolant checking the glycol concentration. A hydrometer
valves open then stop the engine. When cool should not be used.
check the coolant level. Perkins engine cooling systems should be tested at
500 hour intervals for the concentration of SCA.
Additions of SCA are based on the results of the test.
An SCA that is liquid may be needed at 500 hour
intervals.
48 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Adding the SCA to Heavy-Duty Coolant Table 10

at the Initial Fill Example Of The Equation For Adding The SCA To The Heavy-
Duty Coolant For Maintenance
Use the equation that is in Table 7 to determine the
amount of SCA that is required when the cooling Total Volume of the Multiplication Amount of SCA
system is initially filled. Cooling System (V) Factor that is Required
(X)
Table 7
Equation For Adding The SCA To The Heavy-Duty Coolant At 15 L (4 US gal) × 0.023 0.35 L (11.7 oz)
The Initial Fill
V × 0.07 = X Cleaning the System of Heavy-Duty
V is the total volume of the cooling system. Antifreeze
X is the amount of SCA that is required.
• Clean the cooling system after used coolant is
drained or before the cooling system is filled with
Table 8 is an example for using the equation that is in new coolant.
Table 7 .
Table 8 • Clean the cooling system whenever the coolant is
Example Of The Equation For Adding The SCA To The Heavy-
contaminated or whenever the coolant is foaming.
Duty Coolant At The Initial Fill
i07329421
Total Volume of the Multiplication Amount of SCA
Cooling System (V) Factor that is Required
(X)
15 L (4 US gal) × 0.07 1.05 L (35.5 oz) (General Fuel Information)
Adding The SCA to The Heavy-Duty • Glossary

Coolant For Maintenance
• ISO International Standards Organization
Heavy-duty antifreeze of all types REQUIRE periodic
additions of an SCA. • ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
Test the antifreeze periodically for the concentration • HFRR High Frequency Reciprocating Rig for
of SCA. For the interval, refer to the Operation and Lubricity testing of diesel fuels
Maintenance Manual, “Maintenance Interval
Schedule” (Maintenance Section). Cooling System • FAME Fatty Acid Methyl Esters
Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA) Test/Add.
• CFR Co-ordinating Fuel Research
Additions of SCA are based on the results of the test.
The size of the cooling system determines the • LSD Low Sulfur Diesel
amount of SCA that is needed.
• ULSD Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel
Use the equation that is in Table 9 to determine the
amount of SCA that is required, if necessary: • RME Rape Methyl Ester
Table 9
• SME Soy Methyl Ester
Equation For Adding The SCA To The Heavy-Duty Coolant
For Maintenance
• EPA Environmental Protection Agency of the
V × 0.023 = X United States
V is the total volume of the cooling system.
General Information
X is the amount of SCA that is required.
NOTICE
Table 10 is an example for using the equation that is Every attempt is made to provide accurate, up-to-
in Table 9 . date information. By use of this document you agree
that Perkins Engines Company Limited is not respon-
sible for errors or omissions.
M0098787 49
Maintenance Section
General Fuel Information
NOTICE
These recommendations are subject to change with-
out notice. Contact your local Perkins distributor for
the most up-to-date recommendations.
Diesel Fuel Requirements

Perkins is not in a position to evaluate continuously
and monitor all worldwide distillate diesel fuel
specifications that are published by governments and
technological societies.
Perkins Specification for Distillate Diesel Fuel in table
11 provides a known reliable baseline to judge the
expected performance of distillate diesel fuels that
are derived from conventional sources.
Satisfactory engine performance depends on the use
of a good quality fuel. The use of a good quality fuel
will give the following results: long engine life and
acceptable exhaust emissions levels. The fuel must
meet the minimum requirements that are stated in
table 11 .
NOTICE
The footnotes are a key part of the Perkins Specifica-
tion for Distillate Diesel Fuel Table. Read ALL of the
footnotes.
Table 11
Perkins Specification for Distillate Diesel Fuel
Property UNITS Requirements “ASTM Test” “ISO Test”
Aromatics %Volume 35% maximum “D1319” “ISO 3837”
Ash %Weight 0.01% maximum “D482” “ISO 6245”
Carbon Residue on 10% %Weight 0.35% maximum “D524” “ISO 4262”

Bottoms
Cetane Number (1) - 40 minimum “D613 or D6890” “ISO 5165”
Cloud Point °C The cloud point must not ex- “D2500” “ISO 3015”
ceed the lowest expected
ambient temperature.
Copper Strip Corrosion - No. 3 maximum “D130” “ISO 2160”
Distillation °C 10% at 282 °C (539.6 °F) “D86” “ISO 3405”

maximum
90% at 360 °C (680 °F)
maximum
Density at 15 °C (59 °F) Kg / M3 800 minimum and 860 No equivalent test “ISO 3675” or “ISO 12185”
(2) maximum
Flash Point °C legal limit “D93” “ISO 2719”
Thermal Stability Minimum of 80% reflec- “D6468” No equivalent test

- tance after aging for 180 mi-
nutes at 150 °C (302 °F)
(continued)
50 M0098787
Maintenance Section
(Table 11, contd)

Pour Point °C 6 °C (10°F) “D97” “ISO 3016”
Minimum below ambient
temperature
Sulfur %mass (3) “D5453 or /D2622” “ISO 20846” or “ISO 20884”

(4) 2
Kinematic Viscosity “MM /S (cSt)” The viscosity of the fuel that “D445” “ISO 3405”
is delivered to the fuel injec-
tion pump. “1.4 minimum
and /4.5 maximum”
Water and sediment % weight 0.05% maximum “D1796” “ISO 3734”
Water % weight 0.02% maximum “D1744” No equivalent test
Sediment % weight 0.05% maximum “D473” “ISO 3735”
Gums and Resins (5) mg/100mL 10 mg per 100 mL “D381” “ISO 6246”
maximum
Lubricity corrected wear mm 0.52 maximum “D6079” “ISO 12156-1”
scar diameter at 60 °C
(140 °F). (6)
Fuel cleanliness (7) - “ISO”18/16/13 “7619” “ISO 4406”

3
Oxidation Stability g/m Maximum 25 “D2274” “ISO 12205”
Hours (8) Minimum 20 - “EN 15751”

(1) In order to insure minimum cetane number of 40 a distillate diesel fuel should have minimum cetane index of 44 when ASTM D4737 test
method is used. A fuel with a higher cetane number is recommended to operate at a higher altitude or in cold weather.
(2) Density range allowed includes summer and winter diesel fuel grades. Fuel density varies depending on the sulfur level where high sulfur
fuels have higher densities. Some unblended alternative fuels have lower densities which are acceptable, if all the other properties meet this
specification.
(3) Regional regulations, national regulations, or international regulations can require a fuel with a specific sulfur limit. Consult all applicable reg-
ulations before selecting a fuel for a given engine application. LSD fuel with less than 0.05 percent (≤ 500 ppm (mg/kg)) sulfur is recom-
mended for use in these engine models. Diesel fuel with more than 0.05 percent (≥ 500 ppm (mg/kg)) sulphur can be used only where
allowed by legislation. Fuel sulfur levels affect exhaust emissions. High sulfur fuels also increase the potential for corrosion of internal compo-
nents. Fuel sulfur levels above 0.05% may significantly shorten the oil change interval. For additional information, refer to General lubricant
Information.
(4) The values of the fuel viscosity are the values as the fuel is delivered to the fuel injection pumps. Fuel should also meet the minimum viscos-
ity requirement and the fuel should meet the maximum viscosity requirements at 40° C (104° F) of either the "ASTM D445" test method or
the "ISO 3104" test method. If a fuel with a low viscosity is used, cooling of the fuel may be required to maintain 1.4 cSt or greater viscosity at
the fuel injection pump. Fuels with a high viscosity might require fuel heaters to lower the viscosity to 4.5 cSt at the fuel injection pump.
(5) Follow the test conditions and procedures for gasoline (motor).
(6) The lubricity of a fuel is a concern with low sulfur and ultra low sulfur fuel. To determine the lubricity of the fuel, use the “ISO 12156-1 or ASTM
D6079 High Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR)” test. If the lubricity of a fuel does not meet the minimum requirements, consult your fuel
supplier. Do not treat the fuel without consulting the fuel supplier. Some additives are not compatible. These additives can cause problems in
the fuel system.
(7) Recommended cleanliness level for fuel as dispensed into machine or engine fuel tank is "ISO 18/16/13 or cleaner as per ISO 4406. Refer to
the "Contamination Control Recommendations for Fuels" in this chapter.
(8) Additional limit for fuel containing FAME. Fuel containing more than 2%v/v FAME must meet both tests.
Note: The owner and the operator of the engine has

NOTICE
Operating with fuels that do not meet the Perkins rec- the responsibility of using the fuel that is prescribed
ommendations can cause the following effects: Start- by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and
ing difficulty, poor combustion, deposits in the fuel other appropriate regulatory agencies.
injectors, reduced service life of the fuel system, de-
posits in the combustion chamber and reduced serv- Diesel Fuel Characteristics
ice life of the engine.
Perkins Recommendations
Engines that are manufactured by Perkins are certi-
fied with the fuel that is prescribed by the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Engines
that are manufactured by Perkins are certified with
the fuel that is prescribed by the European Certifica-
tion and other regulatory agencies. Perkins does not
certify diesel engines on any other fuel.
M0098787 51
Maintenance Section
Cetane Number Perkins recommends a value of density of 841 kg/m3

to obtain the correct power output. Lighter fuels are
Fuel that has a high cetane number will give a shorter acceptable but these fuels will not produce the rated
ignition delay. A high cetane number will produce a power.
better ignition quality. Cetane numbers are derived
for fuels against proportions of cetane and Sulfur
heptamethylnonane in the standard CFR engine.
Refer to “ISO 5165” for the test method. The level of sulfur is governed by emissions
legislations. Regional regulation, national
Cetane numbers more than 45 are normally expected regulations, or international regulations can require a
from current diesel fuel. However, a cetane number fuel with a specific sulfur limit. The sulfur content of
of 40 may be experienced in some territories. The the fuel and the fuel quality must comply with all
United States of America is one of the territories that existing local regulations for emissions.
can have a low cetane value. A minimum cetane
value of 40 is required during average starting
conditions. A higher cetane value may be required for LSD fuel with less than 0.05 percent (≤ 500 ppm (mg/
operations at high altitudes or in cold-weather kg)) sulfur is recommended for use in these engine
operations. models.
ULSD less than 0.0015% (≤15 PPM (mg/Kg)) sulphur
Fuel with a low cetane number can be the root cause
of problems during cold start. is acceptable to use in these engine models. The
lubricity of these fuels must not exceed wear scar
diameter of 0.52 mm (0.02047 inch) as per “ISO
Viscosity 12156-1”. Refer to “Lubricity” for more information.
Viscosity is the property of a liquid of offering Fuels with sulphur content higher than 0.05 percent
resistance to shear or flow. Viscosity decreases with (500 PPM) can be used where allowed by legislation.
increasing temperature. This decrease in viscosity
follows a logarithmic relationship for normal fossil Fuel with a high sulfur content can cause engine
fuel. The common reference is to kinematic viscosity. wear. High sulfur fuel will have a negative impact on
Kinematic viscosity is the quotient of the dynamic emissions of particulates. High sulfur fuel can be
viscosity that is divided by the density. The used if the local emissions legislation will allow the
determination of kinematic viscosity is normally by use. High sulfur fuel can be used in countries that do
readings from gravity flow viscometers at standard not regulate emissions.
temperatures. Refer to “ISO 3104” for the test
method. When only high sulfur fuels are available, high
alkaline lubricating oil must be used in the engine.
The viscosity of the fuel is significant because fuel Alternatively, the lubricating oil change interval must
serves as a lubricant for the fuel system components. be reduced. Refer to Operation and Maintenance
Fuel must have sufficient viscosity to lubricate the Manual, “Fluid Recommendations (Lubricant
fuel system in both cold temperatures and hot Information)” for information on sulfur in fuel.
temperatures. If the kinematic viscosity of the fuel is
lower than 1.4 cSt at the fuel injection pump, damage Lubricity
to the fuel injection pump can occur. This damage
can be excessive scuffing and seizure. Low viscosity Lubricity is the capability of the fuel to prevent pump
may lead to difficult hot restarting, stalling, and loss of wear. The lubricity of the fluid describes the ability of
performance. High viscosity may result in seizure of the fluid to reduce the friction between surfaces that
the pump. are under load. This ability reduces the damage that
is caused by friction. Fuel injection systems rely on
Perkins recommends kinematic viscosities of 1.4 and
4.5 cSt that is delivered to the fuel injection pump. If a the lubricating properties of the fuel. Until fuel sulfur
fuel with a low viscosity is used, cooling of the fuel limits were mandated, the lubricity of the fuel was
may be required to maintain 1.4 cSt or greater believed to be a function of fuel viscosity.
viscosity at the fuel injection pump. Fuels with a high
The lubricity has particular significance to the current
viscosity might require fuel heaters to lower the
low viscosity fuel, low sulfur fuel, and low aromatic
viscosity to 4.5 cSt at the fuel injection pump.
fossil fuel. These fuels are made to meet stringent
exhaust emissions.
Density
The lubricity of these fuels must not exceed wear
Density is the mass of the fuel per unit volume at a scar diameter of 0.52 mm (0.02047 inch). The fuel
specific temperature. This parameter has a direct lubricity test must be performed on an HFRR,
influence on engine performance and a direct operated at 60 °C (140 °F). Refer to “ISO 12156-1”.
influence on emissions. This influence determines
the heat output from a given injected volume of fuel.
This parameter is quoted in the following kg/m3 at
15 °C (59 °F).
52 M0098787
Maintenance Section
NOTICE
Group 2: Aviation Kerosene Fuels
The fuels system has been qualified with fuel having
lubricity up to 0.52 mm (0.02047 inch) wear scar di- Following kerosene and jet fuel specifications are
ameter as tested by “ISO 12156-1”. Fuel with higher acceptable alternative fuels, and may be used on a
wear scar diameter than 0.52 mm (0.02047 inch) will contingency base for emergency or continuous use,
lead to reduced service life and premature failure of where standard diesel fuel is not available and where
legislation allows their use:
the fuel system.
• “MIL-DTL-83133 NATO F34 (JP-8)”
In the fuels which do not meet specified lubricity
requirement appropriate lubricity additive can be • “MIL-DTL-83133 NATO F35”
used to enhance the lubricity of the fuel.
• “MIL-DTL-5624 NATO F44 (JP-5)”
Perkins Diesel Fuel Conditioner U5MK8276 is the
approved additive refer to section, Perkins Diesel • “MIL-DTL-38219 (USAF) (JP7)”
Fuel Conditioner for more information.
• “NATO XF63”
Contact your fuel supplier for those circumstances
when fuel additives are required. Your fuel supplier • “ASTM D1655 JET A”
can make recommendations for additives to use and
for the proper level of treatment. • “ASTM D1655 JET A1”
Distillation NOTICE
These fuels are only acceptable when used with ap-
Distillation will give an indication of the mixture of propriate lubricity additive and must meet minimum
different hydrocarbons in the fuel. A high ratio of requirements that are listed in table 11 . The lubricity
lightweight hydrocarbons can affect the of these fuels must not exceed wear scar diameter of
characteristics of combustion. 0.52 mm (0.02047 inch) as per “ISO 12156-1” . Refer
to “Lubricity” and Perkins Diesel Fuel Conditioner.
Classification of the Fuels
Diesel engines have an ability to burn wide variety of Note: Minimum cetane number of 40 is
fuels. Below is a list of typically encountered fuel recommended otherwise cold starting problems or
specifications that have been assessed as to their light load misfire might occur. Since jet fuel
acceptability and are divided into following specifications do not mention cetane requirements,
categories: Perkins recommends that a fuel sample is taken to
determine the cetane number.
Group 1: Preferred Fuels
Note: Fuels must have minimum viscosity of 1.4 cSt
The following fuel specifications are considered delivered to the fuel injection pump. Cooling of the
acceptable. fuel may be required to maintain 1.4 cSt or greater
viscosity at the fuel injection pump. Perkins
• Fuels that meet the requirements that are listed in recommends that the actual viscosity of the fuel, be
the table 11 . measured to determine if a fuel cooler is needed.
Refer to “Viscosity”.
• “IS 1460 Bharat Stage 2, 3 and 4”
Note: Rated power loss of up to 10 percent is
• “EN590 - Grades A to F and class 0 to 4” possible due to lower density and lower viscosity of
jet fuels compared to diesel fuels.
• “ASTM D975 Grade No. 1-D and 2-D”
• “JIS K2204 Grades 1, 2 & 3 & Special Grade 3” Biodiesel Fuel

acceptable provided lubricity ware scar diameter
does not exceed of 0.52 mm (0.02047 inch) as Biodiesel is a fuel that can be defined as mono-alkyl
esters of fatty acids. Biodiesel is a fuel that can be
per “ISO 12156-1” . made from various feedstock. The most commonly
• “BS2869 - Class A2 Off Highway Gas Oil, Red available biodiesel in Europe is Rape Methyl Ester
(REM). This biodiesel is derived from rapeseed oil.
Diesel” Soy Methyl Ester (SME) is the most common
Note: The lubricity of these fuels must not exceed biodiesel in the United States. This biodiesel is
derived from soybean oil. Soybean oil or rapeseed oil
wear scar diameter of 0.52 mm (0.02047 inch) as are the primary feedstocks. These fuels are together
per “ISO 12156-1” . Refer to “Lubricity”. known as Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME).
M0098787 53
Maintenance Section
Raw pressed vegetable oils are NOT acceptable for In other areas of the world, the use of biodiesel that is
use as a fuel in any concentration in compression BQ-9000 accredited and certified, or that is
engines. Without esterification, these oils may gel in accredited and certified by a comparable biodiesel
the crankcase and the fuel tank. These fuels may not quality body to meet similar biodiesel quality
be compatible with many of the elastomers that are standards is required.
used in engines that are manufactured today. In
original forms, these oils are not suitable for use as a Engine Service Requirements with B20
fuel in compression engines. Alternate base stocks
for biodiesel may include animal tallow, waste Aggressive properties of biodiesel fuel may cause
cooking oils, or various other feedstocks. To use any debris in the fuel tank and fuel lines. The aggressive
of the products that are listed as fuel, the oil must be properties of biodiesel will clean the fuel tank and fuel
esterified. lines. This cleaning of the fuel system can
prematurely block of the fuel filters. Perkins
Fuel made of 100 percent FAME is normally referred recommends that after the initial usage of B20
to as B100 biodiesel or neat biodiesel. biodiesel blended fuel the fuel filters must be
replaced at 50 hours.
Biodiesel can be blended with distillate diesel fuel.
The blends can be used as fuel. The most commonly Glycerides present in biodiesel fuel will also cause
available biodiesel blends are B5, which is 5 percent fuel filters to become blocked more quickly. Therefore
biodiesel and 95 percent distillate diesel fuel. B20, the regular service interval should be reduced to 250
which is 20 percent biodiesel and 80 percent distillate hours.
diesel fuel.
When biodiesel fuel is used, crank case oil may be
Note: The percentages given are volume-based. The influenced. This influence is due to the chemical
U.S. distillate diesel fuel specification “ASTM D975- composition and characteristics of biodiesel fuel,
09a” includes up to B5 (5 percent) biodiesel. such as density and volatility, and to chemical
contaminants that can be present in this fuel, such as
European distillate diesel fuel specification alkali and alkaline metals (sodium, potassium,
“EN590:2010” includes up B7 (7 percent) biodiesel. calcium, and magnesium).
Note: Engines that are manufactured by Perkins are • Crankcase oil fuel dilution can be higher when
certified by use of the prescribed Environmental biodiesel or biodiesel blends are used. This
Protection Agency (EPA) and European Certification increased level of fuel dilution when using
fuels. Perkins does not certify engines on any other biodiesel or biodiesel blends is related to the
fuel. The user of the engine has the responsibility of typically lower volatility of biodiesel. In cylinder
using the correct fuel that is recommended by the emissions control strategies utilized in many of the
manufacturer and allowed by the EPA and other industrial latest engine designs may lead to a
appropriate regulatory agencies. higher level of biodiesel concentration in the
engine oil pan. The long-term effect of biodiesel
Specification Requirements concentration in crankcase oil is unknown.
The neat biodiesel must conform to “EN14214” or • Perkins recommends the use of oil analysis to
“ASTM D6751” (in the USA) and can only be blended check the quality of the engine oil if biodiesel fuel
in mixture of up to 20 percent, by volume in is used. Ensure that the level of biodiesel in the
acceptable mineral diesel fuel meeting requirements fuel is noted when the oil sample is taken.
that are listed in table 11 or the latest edition of
“EN590” and “ASTM D 975” commercial standards. Performance Related Issues with B20
This blend is commonly known as B20.
Due to the lower energy content than the standard
Biodiesel blends are denoted as “BXX” with “XX” distillate fuel B20 will cause a power loss in order of 2
representing the content of neat biodiesel contained
in the blend with mineral diesel fuel (for example B5, to 4 percent. In addition, over time the power may
B10, B20). deteriorate further due to deposits in the fuel
injectors.
In United States Biodiesel blends of B6 to B20 must
meet the requirements listed in the latest edition of Biodiesel and biodiesel blends are known to cause
an increase in fuel system deposits, most significant
“ASTM D7467” (B6 to B20) and must be of an API
of which are deposits within the fuel injector.
gravity of 30-45.
In North America biodiesel and biodiesel blends must
be purchased from the BQ-9000 accredited
producers and BQ-9000 certified distributors.
54 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Perkins Diesel Fuel Cleaner T400012 is most For standby generator sets and emergency vehicles
effective in cleaning and preventing the formation of that cannot avoid use of biodiesel blends fuel quality
deposits. Refer to section, Perkins Diesel Fuel in the engine fuel tank must be sampled and checked
System Cleaner for more information. Perkins Diesel monthly. Test should include acid number
Fuel Conditioner U5MK8276 helps to limit deposit (EN14104), oxidation stability (EN 15751 commonly
issues by improving the stability of biodiesel while know as the Rancimant test), and sediment
also hindering the production of new deposits. For (ISO12937). For standby generator sets oxidation
more information refer to section, Perkins Diesel Fuel stability of biodiesel blend must be 20 hours or more
Conditioner. Therefore the use of Perkins Diesel Fuel as per EN 15751. If the test shows that the fuel has
Cleaner and or Perkins Diesel Fuel Conditioner is degraded, fuel tank must be drained and engine
recommended when running biodiesel blends,
especially B20. flashed by running with fresh high-quality diesel fuel.
Perkins T400012 Fuel Cleaner is most effective in Perkins strongly recommends that seasonally
cleaning and preventing the formation of deposits. operated engines have the fuel systems, including
Refer to “Perkins Diesel Fuel System Cleaner, and fuel tanks, flashed with conventional diesel fuel
Perkins” for more information. Perkins U5MK8276 before prolonged shutdown periods. An example of
Perkins Diesel Fuel Conditioner helps to limit deposit an application that should seasonally flush the fuel
issues by improving the stability of biodiesel while system is a combine harvester.
also hindering the production of new deposits. For
Microbial contamination and growth can cause
more information refer to “Perkins Diesel Fuel
Conditioner, and Perkins”. Therefore the use of corrosion in the fuel system and premature plugging
Diesel Fuel Cleaner and or Diesel Fuel Conditioner is of the fuel filter. Consult your supplier of fuel for
recommended when running biodiesel blends, assistance in selecting appropriate antimicrobial
especially B20. additive.
General Requirements Water accelerates microbial contamination and

growth. When biodiesel is compared to distillate
Biodiesel has poor oxidation stability, which can fuels, water is naturally more likely to exist in the
result in long-term problems in the storage of biodiesel. Frequent checks are therefore essential
biodiesel. Biodiesel fuel should be used within 6 and if necessary, drain the water separator.
months of manufacture. Equipment should not be
stored with the B20 biodiesel blends in the fuel Materials such as brass, bronze, copper, led, tin, and
system for longer than 3 months. zinc accelerate the oxidation process of the biodiesel
fuel. The oxidation process can cause deposits
Due to poor oxidation stability and other potential formation therefore these materials must not be used
issues, Perkins recommends that engines with for fuel tanks and fuel lines.
limited operational time either do not use biodiesel
blends or, while accepting some risk, limit biodiesel Fuel for Cold-Weather Operation
blend to a maximum of B5. Examples of applications
that should limit the use of biodiesel are the following: The European standard “EN590” contains climate
Standby generator sets and certain emergency dependant requirements and a range of options. The
vehicles. options can be applied differently in each country.
There are five classes that are given to arctic
For standby generator sets and emergency vehicles climates and severe winter climates. 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4.
that cannot avoid use of biodiesel blends fuel quality
in the engine fuel tank must be sampled and checked Fuel that complies with “EN590” CLASS 4 can be
monthly. Test should include acid number used at temperatures as low as −44 °C (−47.2 °F).
(EN14104), oxidation stability (EN 15751 commonly Refer to “EN590” fora detailed discretion of the
know as the Rancimant test), and sediment physical properties of the fuel.
(ISO12937). For standby generator sets oxidation
stability of biodiesel blend must be 20 hours or more The diesel fuel “ASTM D975 1-D” used in the United
as per EN 15751. If the test shows that the fuel has States of America may be used in cold temperatures
degraded, fuel tank must be drained and engine that are below −18 °C (−0.4 °F).
flashed by running with the fresh high-quality diesel In extreme cold ambient conditions, you may use the
fuel. aviation kerosene fuels that are specified in Group 2.
These fuels are intended to be used in temperatures
that can be as low as −54 °C (−65.2 °F). Refer to
Group 2 for detail and conditions of use of the
aviation kerosene fuels.
M0098787 55
Maintenance Section
If biodiesel or biodiesel blends of fuel are to be used,

Perkins require the use of Perkins fuel cleaner. For
more information on the use of biodiesel and
Mixing alcohol or gasoline with diesel fuel can biodiesel blends refer to “Biodiesel Fuel”.
produce an explosive mixture in the engine
crankcase or the fuel tank. Alcohol or gasoline Perkins fuel cleaner will remove deposits that can
must not be used in order to dilute diesel fuel. form in the fuel system with the use of biodiesel and
Failure to follow this instruction may result in biodiesel blends. These deposits can create a loss of
death or personal injury. power and engine performance.
Once the fuel cleaner has been added to the fuel, the
There are many other diesel fuel specifications that deposits within the fuel system are removed after 30
are published by governments and by technological hours of engine operation. For maximum results,
societies. Usually, those specifications do not review continue to use the fuel cleaner for up to 80 hours.
all the requirements that are addressed in table 11 . Perkins fuel cleaner can be used on an on-going
To ensure optimum engine performance, a complete basis with no adverse impact on engine or fuel
fuel analysis should be obtained before engine system durability.
operation. The fuel analysis should include all the
properties that are stated in the table 11 . Detailed instructions on the rate of which the fuel
cleaner must be use are on the container.
Aftermarket Fuel Additives
Perkins Diesel Fuel Conditioner
NOTICE Perkins Diesel Fuel Conditioner (part number
Perkins does not warrant the quality or performance U5MK8276) can be used in these engine models.
of non-Perkins fluids and filters. The diesel fuel conditioner is a proprietary metal and
ash free formulation that has been extensively tested
When auxiliary devices, accessories, or consum- for use with distillate diesel fuels for use in Perkins
ables (filters, additives) which are made by other diesel engines. The diesel fuel conditioner helps
manufacturers are used on Perkins products, the address many of the challenges that various fuels
Perkins warranty is not affected simply because of worldwide present with regard to fuel life/stability,
such use. engine startability, injector deposits, fuel system life,
However, failures that result from the installation and long-term engine performance. Contact a
or use of other manufacturers devices, accesso- Perkins distributor for more information.
ries, or consumables are NOT Perkins defects.
Therefore, the defects are NOT covered under the Note: Diesel fuel additives/conditioners may not
Perkins warranty. improve markedly poor diesel fuel properties enough
to make poor diesel acceptable for use.
Supplemental diesel fuel additives are not generally
recommended, This recommendation is due to Diesel fuel conditioner is a proven high performance,
potential damage to the fuel system or the engine. multipurpose diesel fuel conditioner that is designed
to improve:
Perkins recognizes the fact that additives may be
required in some special circumstances. Fuel • Fuel economy (through fuel system clean-up)
additives must be used with caution. Contact your
fuel supplier for those circumstances when fuel • Lubricity
additives are required. Your fuel supplier can
recommend the appropriate fuel additive and the • Oxidation stability
correct level of treatment.
• Detergency/dispersancy
Note: For the best results, your fuel supplier should
treat the fuel when additives are required. The • Moisture dispersancy
treated fuel must meet the requirements that are
stated in table 11 . • Corrosion protection
Perkins Diesel Fuel System Cleaner • Cetane (typically 2-3 cetane numbers)
The diesel fuel conditioner also reduces the
Perkins T400012 Fuel Cleaner is the only fuel formation of gums, resins, and sludge, and disperses
cleaner that is recommended by Perkins. insoluble gums.
Perkins Diesel Fuel Cleaner (part number T400012)
is the only fuel cleaner that is recommended by
Perkins.
56 M0098787
Maintenance Section
For maximum overall benefits, ask your fuel supplier • Ensure that you use Perkins Advanced Efficiency
to add the fuel conditioner at the recommended treat Fuel Filters. Change your fuel filters per
rate before fuel delivery. Or you may add the fuel recommended service requirements or as needed.
conditioner at the recommended treat rate during the
early weeks of fuel storage. • Drain your water separators daily.
Contamination Control • Drain your fuel tanks of sediment and water per
the Operation and Maintenance Manual
Recommendations for Fuels instructions.
Fuels of “ISO 18/16/13” cleanliness level or cleaner • Install and maintain a properly designed bulk filter
as dispensed into the engine or application fuel tank
/ coalescer filtration system. Continuous bulk
should be used. This will reduce risk of power loss,
fuel system failures, and related down time of filtration systems may be required to ensure that
engines. This cleanliness level is important for new dispensed fuel meets the cleanliness target.
fuel system designs such as common rail injection Consult your Perkins distributor for availability of
systems and unit injectors. These fuels systems bulk filtration products.
utilize higher fuel injection pressures and have tight
clearances between moving parts to meet required • Centrifugal filters may need to be used as a pre-
stringent emissions regulations. Peak injection filter with fuel that is severely contaminated with
pressures in current fuel injection systems may gross amounts of water and/or large particulate
exceed 2000 bar (29000 psi). Clearances in these contaminants. Centrifugal filters can effectively
systems are less than 5 μm. As a result, particle remove large contaminants. Centrifugal filters may
contaminants as small as 4 μm can cause scoring not be able to remove the small abrasive particles
and scratching of internal pump and injector surfaces required to achieve the recommended “ISO”
and of injector nozzles. cleanliness level. Bulk filter / coalescers are
necessary as a final filter to achieve the
Water in the fuel causes cavitation, corrosion of fuel recommended cleanliness level.
system parts, and provides an environment where
microbial growth in the fuel can flourish. Other • Install desiccant type breathers of 4 µm or less
sources of fuel contamination are soaps, gels, or
absolute efficiency with the ability to remove water
other compounds that may result from undesirable
chemical interactions in the fuels, particularly in on bulk storage tanks.
ULSD. Gels and other compounds can also form in • Follow proper practices of fuel transportation.
biodiesel fuel at low temperatures or if biodiesel is
stored for extended periods. The best indication of Filtration from the storage tank to the application
microbial contamination, fuel additives, or cold promotes the delivery of clean fuel. Fuel filtration
temperature gel is rapid filter plugging of bulk fuel can be installed at each transport stage to keep
filters or application fuel filters. the fuel clean.
To reduce downtime due to contamination, follow • Cover, protect, and ensure cleanliness of all
these fuel maintenance guidelines. connection hoses, fittings, and dispensing
nozzles.
• Use high-quality fuels per recommended and
required specifications Consult your local Perkins distributor for additional
information on Perkins designed and produced
• Fill fuel tanks with fuels of “ISO 18/16/13” filtration products.
cleanliness level or cleaner, in particular for
engines with common rail and unit injection Renewable and Alternative Fuels
systems. When you refuel the tank, filter the fuel
through a 4 µm absolute filter (Beta 4 = 75 up to Perkins supports development and use of renewable
200) in order to reach the recommended fuels through sustainability initiatives. In recent years
cleanliness level. This filtration should be located various forms of renewable and alternative
at the device that dispenses the fuel to the fuel (synthetic) diesel fuels have started to emerge.
tank. In addition, filtration at the dispensing point
should remove water to ensure that fuel is Synthetic diesel fuels are produced by gasification of
various feedstock and then synthesis to liquid to
dispensed at 500 ppm water or less.
obtain paraffinic diesel fuel. Based on the feedstock
• Perkins recommends the use of bulk fuel filter / used these fuels are commonly referred to as
Biomass to liquid (BTL), Gas to liquid (GTL) and Coal
coalescer units which clean the fuel of both
to liquid (CTL). Hydrotreating of vegetable oils and
particulate contamination and water in a single animal fats is another emerging process for
pass. production of bio based diesel fuel called
Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO).
M0098787 57
Maintenance Section
BTL and HVO fuels are considered to be low carbon

fuels as they reduce carbon foot print compared to
fossil fuels and are commonly referred to as
renewable fuels. These fuels must not be confused
with biodiesel FAME which is fundamentally different
fuel and is discussed in a separate section in this
manual.
These paraffinic fuels have virtually no sulphur or
aromatics and have very high cetane numbers which
enable very clean burning and efficient engine
operation. Chemically these fuels are similar to diesel
fuel derived from petroleum and are therefore
suitable to use in diesel engines as a replacement or
blend stock with conventional diesel fuel. To be
acceptable renewable and alternative fuels must
meet latest edition of the paraffinic diesel fuel
specification “CENTS 15940”. The fuel should also
meet requirements described in table 11 , Perkins Typical API symbol
Specification for Distillate Diesel Fuel, EN590, or
latest ASTM D975 specification. Terminology
Ensure that the fuel has got appropriate cold flow Certain abbreviations follow the nomenclature of
properties (cloud point and CFPP) for the minimum “SAE J754”. Some classifications follow “SAE J183”
statistical ambient temperature the engine is abbreviations, and some classifications follow the
expected to see in the operation. The Fuel must also “EMA Recommended Guideline on Diesel Engine
meet lubricity requirements as specified in the Oil”. In addition to Perkins definitions, there are other
lubricity section of the “Operation and Maintenance definitions that will be of assistance in purchasing
Manual” Fluid Recommendations lubricants. Recommended oil viscosities can be
found in this publication, “Fluid Recommendations/
i07536297
Engine Oil Specification” topic (Maintenance
Section).
Fluid Recommendations Engine Oil
(Engine Oil Specification)
Perkins Diesel Engine Oil
General Lubricant Information Perkins DEO CI-4 multi-grade oil has been
Because of government regulations regarding the developed and tested to provide full performance and
certification of exhaust emissions from the engine, service life that has been designed and built into
the lubricant recommendations must be followed. Perkins Engines. Consult your Perkins distributors for
more information.
• API American Petroleum Institute Commercial Oils

• SAE Society Of Automotive Engineers Inc.
NOTICE
Perkins require the use of the following specifica-
• ECF Engine Crankcase Fluid tion of engine oil. Failure to use the appropriate
specification of engine oil will reduce the life of
Licensing your engine.
The Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System by
the American Petroleum Institute (API) is recognized
by Perkins. For detailed information about this
system, see the latest edition of the “API publication
No. 1509”. Engine oils that bear the API symbol are
authorized by API.
Table 12
Oil Specification for 1706A and the 1706D Industrial Engines
Minimum Oil Specification API CI-4

ECF-2
Preferred Oil Specification CK-4
58 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Engine Oil Specification
Lubricant Viscosity Recommendations Aftermarket Oil Additives

for Direct Injection (DI) Diesel Engines Perkins does not recommend the use of aftermarket
additives in oil. It is not necessary to use aftermarket
The correct SAE viscosity grade of oil is determined additives to achieve the engines maximum service
by the minimum ambient temperature during cold life or rated performance. Fully formulated, finished
engine start-up, and the maximum ambient oils consist of base oils and of commercial additive
temperature during engine operation. packages. These additive packages are blended into
the base oils at precise percentages to help provide
Refer to illustration 30 (minimum temperature) to finished oils with performance characteristics that
determine the required oil viscosity for starting a cold meet industry standards.
engine.
There are no industry standard tests that evaluate
Refer to illustration 30 (maximum temperature) to the performance or the compatibility of aftermarket
select the oil viscosity for engine operation at the additives in finished oil. Aftermarket additives may
highest ambient temperature that is anticipated. not be compatible with the finished oils additive
package, which could lower the performance of the
Generally, use the highest oil viscosity that is finished oil. The aftermarket additive could fail to mix
available to meet the requirement for the temperature with the finished oil. This failure could produce sludge
at start-up. in the crankcase. Perkins discourages the use of
aftermarket additives in finished oils.
To achieve the best performance from a Perkins
engine, conform to the following guidelines:
• See the appropriate “Lubricant Viscosities”. Refer
to the illustration 30 to find the correct oil viscosity
grade for your engine.
• At the specified interval, service the engine. Use
new oil and install a new oil filter.
• Perform maintenance at the intervals that are
specified in the Operation and Maintenance
Manual, “Maintenance Interval Schedule or Fluid
Recommendations Fuel Specification”.
Oil analysis
Some engines may be equipped with an oil sampling
valve. If oil analysis is required, the oil sampling valve
is used to obtain samples of the engine oil. The oil
Illustration 30 g03347115 analysis will complement the preventive maintenance
program.
Lubricant Viscosities
Supplemental heat is recommended for cold soaked The oil analysis is a diagnostic tool that is used to
starts below the minimum ambient temperature. determine oil performance and component wear
Supplemental heat may be required for cold soaked rates. Contamination can be identified and measured
starts that are above the minimum temperature that by using oil analysis. The oil analysis includes the
is stated, depending on the parasitic load and other following tests:
factors. Cold soaked starts occur when the engine
has not been operated for a period of time. This • The Wear Rate Analysis monitors the wear of the
interval will allow the oil to become more viscous due engines metals. The amount of wear metal and
to cooler ambient temperatures. type of wear metal that is in the oil is analyzed.
The increase in the rate of engine wear metal in
the oil is as important as the quantity of engine
wear metal in the oil.
• Tests are conducted to detect contamination of the
oil by water, glycol, or fuel.
M0098787 59
Maintenance Section
Engine Oil Specification
• The Oil Condition Analysis determines the loss of

the oils lubricating properties. An infrared analysis
is used to compare the properties of new oil to the
properties of the used oil sample. This analysis
allows technicians to determine the amount of
deterioration of the oil during use. This analysis
also allows technicians to verify the performance
of the oil according to the specification during the
entire oil change interval.
60 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Maintenance Recommendations
Maintenance Do not loosen the high pressure fuel lines in order to

remove air pressure from the fuel system.
Recommendations
Engine Oil
i02909163
To relieve pressure from the lubricating system, turn
System Pressure Release off the engine.
Coolant System i05963859
Welding on Engines with

Electronic Controls
Pressurized system: Hot coolant can cause seri-
ous burn. To open cap, stop engine, wait until ra- NOTICE
diator is cool. Then loosen cap slowly to relieve Because the strength of the frame may decrease,
the pressure. some manufacturers do not recommend welding onto
a chassis frame or rail. Consult the OEM of the equip-
To relieve the pressure from the coolant system, turn ment or your Perkins distributor regarding welding on
off the engine. Allow the cooling system pressure cap a chassis frame or rail.
to cool. Remove the cooling system pressure cap
slowly in order to relieve pressure. Proper welding procedures are necessary in order to
avoid damage to the engines ECM, sensors, and
Fuel System associated components. When possible, remove the
component from the unit and then weld the
component. If removal of the component is not
To relieve the pressure from the fuel system, turn off possible, the following procedure must be followed
the engine. when you weld on a unit equipped with an Electronic
Engine. The following procedure is considered to be
High Pressure Fuel Lines (If Equipped) the safest procedure to weld on a component. This
procedure should provide a minimum risk of damage
to electronic components.
Contact with high pressure fuel may cause fluid NOTICE

Do not ground the welder to electrical components
such as the ECM or sensors. Improper grounding
can cause damage to the drive train bearings, hy-
draulic components, electrical components, and oth-
structions may cause personal injury or death. er components.
The high pressure fuel lines are the fuel lines that are Clamp the ground cable from the welder to the com-
between the high pressure fuel pump and the high ponent that will be welded. Place the clamp as close
pressure fuel manifold and the fuel lines that are as possible to the weld. This will help reduce the pos-
between the fuel manifold and cylinder head. These sibility of damage.
fuel lines are different from fuel lines on other fuel
systems.
This is because of the following differences: Note: Perform the welding in areas that are free from
explosive hazards.
• The high pressure fuel lines are constantly
charged with high pressure. 1. Stop the engine. Turn the switched power to the
OFF position.
• The internal pressures of the high pressure fuel
lines are higher than other types of fuel system. 2. Ensure that the fuel supply to the engine is turned
off.
Before any service or repair is performed on the
engine fuel lines, perform the following tasks: 3. Disconnect the negative battery cable from the
battery. If a battery disconnect switch is provided,
1. Stop the engine. open the switch.
2. Wait for ten minutes. 4. Disconnect all electronic components from the
wiring harnesses. Include the following
components:
M0098787 61
Maintenance Section
Severe Service Application
• Electronic components for the driven 5. Connect the welding ground cable directly to the
equipment part that will be welded. Place the ground cable as
close as possible to the weld in order to reduce the
• ECM possibility of welding current damage to the
following components. Bearings, hydraulic
• Sensors
components, electrical components, and ground
• Electronically controlled valves straps.
• Relays Note: If electrical/electronic components are used as

a ground for the welder, or electrical/electronic
components are located between the welder ground
NOTICE and the weld, current flow from the welder could
Do not use electrical components (ECM or ECM sen- severely damage the component.
sors) or electronic component grounding points for
grounding the welder.
6. Protect the wiring harness from welding debris and
spatter.
7. Use standard welding practices to weld the
materials.
i07014325
Severe service is the application of an engine that

either exceeds the current published standards for
that engine range. Or results in the engine being
used at the extremes of certain operating conditions.
• Performance such as power range, speed range,

and fuel consumption
• Fuel quality
• Operational Altitude
• Maintenance intervals
• Oil selection and maintenance

• Coolant type and maintenance
• Environmental qualities
• Installation
Use the example above. The current flow from the • The temperature of the fluid in the engine
welder to the ground clamp of the welder will not
damage any associated components. Refer to the standards for the engine or consult your
Perkins distributor to determine if the engine is
(1) Engine
(2) Welding electrode
operating within the defined parameters.
(3) Keyswitch in the OFF position
(4) Battery disconnect switch in the open position Severe service operation can accelerate component
(5) Disconnected battery cables wear. Engines that operate under severe conditions
(6) Battery may need more frequent maintenance intervals to
(7) Electrical/Electronic component ensure maximum reliability and retention of full
(8) Minimum distance between the component that is being service life.
welded and any electrical/electronic component
(9) The component that is being welded
(10) Current path of the welder
(11) Ground clamp for the welder
62 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Due to individual applications, identification is not

possible for all the factors which can contribute to
severe service operation. Consult your Perkins
distributor for the unique maintenance that is
necessary for the engine.
The operating environment, incorrect operating
procedures, and incorrect maintenance procedures
can be factors which contribute to a severe service
application.
Environmental Factors
Ambient temperatures – The engine may be
exposed to extended operation in extremely cold
environments or hot environments. Valve
components can be damaged by carbon buildup if
the engine is frequently started and stopped in very
cold temperatures. Extremely hot intake air reduces
engine performance.
Quality of the air – The engine may be exposed to
extended operation in an environment that is dirty or
dusty, unless the equipment is cleaned regularly.
Mud, dirt, and dust can encase components.
Maintenance can be very difficult. The buildup can
contain corrosive chemicals.
Buildup – Compounds, elements, corrosive
chemicals, and salt can damage some components.
Altitude – Problems can arise when the engine is
operated at altitudes that are higher than the
intended settings for that application. Necessary
adjustments should be made.
Incorrect Operating Procedures

• Extended operation at low idle
• Frequent hot shutdowns

• Operating at excessive loads
• Operating at excessive speeds

• Operating outside the intended application
Incorrect Maintenance Procedures

• Extending the maintenance intervals
• Failure to use recommended fuel, lubricants, and
coolant/antifreeze
M0098787 63
Maintenance Section
Maintenance Interval Schedule
i07534733 “ Engine Oil and Filter - Change”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Maintenance Interval Schedule “ Fuel System Primary Filter (Water Separator)

Element - Replace” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
When Required “ Fuel System Secondary Filter - Replace”. . . . . . . 83
“ Hoses and Clamps - Inspect/Replace”. . . . . . . . . 85
“ Battery - Recycle” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Every 2000 Service Hours
“ Battery - Replace” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
“ Fumes Disposal Filter Element - Replace”. . . . . . 84
“ Battery or Battery Cable - Disconnect” . . . . . . . . . 66
“ Engine Air Cleaner Element - Replace” . . . . . . . . 73
“ Engine - Clean” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 “ Engine Valve Lash - Check” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
“ Fuel System - Prime” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 Every 3000 Service Hours or 3

“ Fuel Tank Water and Sediment - Drain” . . . . . . . . 84 Years
“ Radiator - Clean” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 “ Cooling System Coolant (DEAC) - Change” . . . . 68
Daily “ Cooling System Water Temperature Regulator -

Replace” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
“ Air Tank Moisture and Sediment - Drain” . . . . . . . 64
“ Cooling System Coolant Level - Check”. . . . . . . . 71
“ Air Compressor - Check”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
“ Driven Equipment - Check” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
“ Engine Mounts - Inspect” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
“ Engine Air Cleaner Service Indicator - Inspect” . . 74
“ Engine Oil Level - Check” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Every 4000 Service Hours or 2
“ Fuel System Primary Filter/Water Separator - Years
Drain” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
“ Starting Motor - Inspect” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
“ Power Take-Off Clutch - Check” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
“Walk-Around Inspection” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Every 6000 Service Hours or 3
Years
Every 250 Service Hours “ Cooling System Coolant Extender (ELC) -
Add” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
“ Engine Oil Sample - Obtain” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
“Grounding Stud - Inspect/Clean/Tighten” . . . . . . . 85 Every 12 000 Service Hours or 6
Years
Initial 500 Service Hours
“ Cooling System Coolant (ELC) - Change” . . . . . . 69
“ Engine Valve Lash - Check” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Every 340 500 L (90 000 US gal) of
Every 500 Service Hours Fuel
“ Air Shutoff - Test” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 “ Overhaul Considerations” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
“ Battery Electrolyte Level - Check” . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
“ Belts - Inspect/Adjust/Replace”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
“ Belts - Inspect/Adjust/Replace”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
“ Cooling System Supplemental Coolant Additive
(SCA) - Test/Add” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
64 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Air Compressor - Check
i07223730 Consult your Perkins dealer for further information

concerning the air compressor.
Air Compressor - Check
i07297207
(If equipped)
Air Shutoff - Test
To ensure that the air shutoff valve always shuts

Do not disconnect the air line from the air com- down when the engine ingests gaseous fumes,
pressor governor without purging the air brake perform the test below at each oil change. A test
and the auxiliary air systems. Failure to purge the failure can indicate wear in the block off plate to valve
air brake and the auxiliary air systems before re- body interface and/or the bearing system.
moving the air compressor and/or the air lines
could cause personal injury. 1. Place engine at low idle speed. Ensure all
accessories that are normally used for the
application are in use, like a fan, or power takeoffs.
2. Actuate the air shutoff manually. On electrical
operator air shutoffs, utilize an applicable power
supply or jumper cables from the battery to
energize the air shut-off solenoid. Ensure that the
solenoid receives only a momentary signal to
prevent overheating. On hydraulic operator air
shutoffs, found on some hazardous location units,
actuate by pulling the emergency stop handle.
3. Ensure that air shutoff was actuated and that the
engine comes to a complete stop.
Note: As every application has different parasitic
Illustration 32 g01212654 loads and inertia, the duration for the problem to
Typical example occur cannot be specified. However, if the engine
stumbles or attempts to continue running, these
(1) Pressure relief valve
symptoms may be an indication that worn
components may need replacement.
NOTICE
If the air compressor pressure relief valve that is Actuating the air shutoff valve may result in oil leak-
mounted in the air compressor cylinder head is age past the shaft seal in some cases. Repeated ac-
bypassing compressed air, there is a malfunction tuation of the air shutoff valve during loaded
in the air system, possibly ice blockage. Under operation of the engine can result in mechanical
these conditions, your engine may have insuffi- damage to the turbocharger and reduce turbocharger
cient air for normal brake operation. life.
Do not operate the engine until the reason for the
air bypass is identified and corrected. Failure to
heed this warning could lead to property damage, i00847451
personal injury, or death to the operator or
bystanders. Air Tank Moisture and
The function of the pressure relief valve is to bypass Sediment - Drain
air when there is a malfunction in the system for the
air compressor. (If Equipped)
The pressure relief valve for the air compressor
releases air at 1723 kPa (250 psi). If the pressure
relief valve for the air compressor exhausts, all Moisture and sediment in the air starting system can
personnel should be at a safe distance away from the cause the following conditions:
air compressor. All personnel should also stay clear • Freezing
of the air compressor when the engine is operating
and the air compressor is exposed. • Corrosion of internal parts
M0098787 65
Maintenance Section
Battery - Recycle
• Malfunction of the air starting system
The battery cables or the batteries should not be

removed with the battery cover in place. The bat-
When opening the drain valve, wear protective tery cover should be removed before any servic-
gloves, a protective face shield, protective clothing is attempted.
ing, and protective shoes. Pressurized air could
cause debris to be blown and result in personal Removing the battery cables or the batteries with
injury. the cover in place may cause a battery explosion
resulting in personal injury.
1. Open the drain valve that is on the bottom of the

air tank. Allow the moisture and sediment to drain. 1. Switch the engine to the OFF position. Remove all
electrical loads.
2. Close the drain valve.
2. Turn off any battery chargers. Disconnect any
3. Check the air supply pressure. The air starting battery chargers.
motor requires a minimum of 620 kPa (90 psi) of
air pressure to operate properly. The maximum air 3. The NEGATIVE “-” cable connects the NEGATIVE
pressure must not exceed 1550 kPa (225 psi). “-” battery terminal to the NEGATIVE “-” terminal
The normal air pressure will be 758 to 965 kPa on the starter motor. Disconnect the cable from the
(110 to 140 psi). NEGATIVE “-” battery terminal.
4. The POSITIVE “+” cable connects the POSITIVE
i02039199 “+” battery terminal to the POSITIVE “+” terminal
on the starting motor. Disconnect the cable from
Battery - Recycle the POSITIVE “+” battery terminal.
Note: Always recycle a battery. Never discard a
Always recycle a battery. Never discard a battery. battery. Return used batteries to an appropriate
Return used batteries to one of the following recycling facility.
locations:
5. Remove the used battery.
• A battery supplier
6. Install the new battery.
• An authorized battery collection facility
Note: Before the cables are connected, ensure that
• A recycling facility the engine start switch is OFF.
7. Connect the cable from the starting motor to the

i01878164
POSITIVE “+” battery terminal.
Battery - Replace 8. Connect the cable from the NEGATIVE “-” terminal
on the starter motor to the NEGATIVE “-” battery
terminal.
i02747977
Batteries give off combustible gases which can

explode. A spark can cause the combustible Battery Electrolyte Level -
gases to ignite. This can result in severe personal Check
injury or death.
Ensure proper ventilation for batteries that are in
an enclosure. Follow the proper procedures in or- When the engine is not run for long periods of time or
der to help prevent electrical arcs and/or sparks when the engine is run for short periods, the batteries
near batteries. Do not smoke when batteries are may not fully recharge. Ensure a full charge in order
serviced. to help prevent the battery from freezing. If batteries
are correctly charged, the ammeter reading should
be very near zero, when the engine is in operation.
66 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Battery or Battery Cable - Disconnect
2. Disconnect the negative battery terminal. Ensure

that the cable cannot contact the terminal. When
All lead-acid batteries contain sulfuric acid which four 12 V batteries are involved, 2 negative
can burn the skin and clothing. Always wear a connections must be disconnected.
face shield and protective clothing when working
on or near batteries. 3. Remove the positive connection.
4. Clean all disconnected connection and battery
1. Remove the filler caps. Maintain the electrolyte terminals.
level to the “FULL” mark on the battery.
5. Use a fine grade of sandpaper to clean the
If the addition of water is necessary, use distilled terminals and the cable clamps. Clean the items
water. If distilled water is not available use clean until the surfaces are bright or shiny. DO NOT
water that is low in minerals. Do not use artificially remove material excessively. Excessive removal
softened water. of material can cause the clamps to fit incorrectly.
Coat the clamps and the terminals with a suitable
2. Check the condition of the electrolyte with a
silicone lubricant or petroleum jelly.
suitable battery tester.
6. Tape the cable connections in order to help
3. Install the caps.
prevent accidental starting.
4. Keep the batteries clean.
7. Proceed with necessary system repairs.
Clean the battery case with one of the following
8. In order to connect the battery, connect the
cleaning solutions:
positive connection before the negative connector.
• Use a solution of 0.1 kg (0.2 lb) baking soda
and 1 L (1 qt) of clean water. i07223806
• Use a solution of ammonium hydroxide. Belts - Inspect/Adjust/Replace

Thoroughly rinse the battery case with clean (Alternator Belt)
water.
i05424317 The alternator belt adjustment is performed by an

automatic tensioner. Belt tension is controlled by the
Battery or Battery Cable - tensioner and no manual adjustment will be required.
Disconnect
The battery cables or the batteries should not be

removed with the battery cover in place. The bat-
tery cover should be removed before any servic-
ing is attempted.
Removing the battery cables or the batteries with
the cover in place may cause a battery explosion
resulting in personal injury.
1. Turn the start switch to the OFF position. Turn the

ignition switch (if equipped) to the OFF position
and remove the key and all electrical loads.
Note: After the engine has stopped, allow 2 minutes

in order for the diesel exhaust fluid lines to be purged
before disconnecting the power.
M0098787 67
Maintenance Section
Belts - Inspect/Adjust/Replace
Inspect For applications that require multiple drive belts,

replace the belts in matched sets. Replacing only one
belt of a matched set will cause the new belt to carry
more load because the older belt is stretched. The
additional load on the new belt could cause the new
belt to break.
If the belts are too loose, vibration causes
unnecessary wear on the belts and pulleys. Loose
belts may slip enough to cause overheating. If the
belts are too tight, unnecessary stresses are placed
on the pulley bearings and on the belts. Belts that are
too tight may shorten the service life of the
components.
Inspect
To maximize the engine performance, inspect the
belts for wear and for cracking. Also, check for fluid
contamination. Replace belts that are worn or
damaged.
Adjust
To maximize the engine performance, inspect the

belt (3) for wear and for cracking. Replace the belt if
the belt is worn or damaged.
• Inspect the belt for cracks, splits, glazing, grease,

displacement of the cord and evidence of fluid
contamination.
Ensure that the belt tensioner is securely installed.
Visually inspect the belt tensioner (1) for damage.
Check that the pulley on the tensioner rotates freely
and that the bearing is not loose. Some engines have
an idler pulleys (2). Ensure that the idler pulleys are
securely installed. Visually inspect the idler pulley for
damage. Ensure that the idler pulley can rotate freely
and that the bearing is not loose. If necessary,
replace damaged components.
Adjust
Belt adjustment is automatic. Illustration 34 g06262893
Typical example
Replace
1. Remove the belt guard, refer to OEM for the
To replace the belt, refer to Disassembly and correct procedure.
Assembly, Alternator Belt - Remove and Install.
2. Loosen lock nut (3). Rotating nut (4)
i07241729 counterclockwise will move pulley (1) and loosen
belts (2). Rotating nut (4) clockwise will move
Belts - Inspect/Adjust/Replace pulley (1) and tighten belts (2).
(Fan Belts) 3. With the correct tension set, tighten nut (3).
Tighten nut (3) to a torque of 102 N·m (75 lb ft).
4. Use a suitable belt tension tool to set the belt
tension.
Belt tension should be checked initially between the
first 20 to 40 hours of engine operation.
68 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Cooling System Coolant (DEAC) - Change
5. Reinstall the belt guard, refer to OEM for the

correct procedure.
If new drive belts are installed, check the drive belt
tension again after 30 minutes of engine operation at
the rated rpm.
Belt Tension Chart
Table 13
New Belt Tension Used Belt Tension Reset Tension
801 N (180 lb) 645 N (145 lb) 378 N (84 lb)
Replace
To replace the fan belts, refer to Disassembly and

Assembly, V-Belts- Remove and Install.
i06606846
Cooling System Coolant

(DEAC) - Change
Clean the cooling system and flush the cooling

system before the recommended maintenance
interval if the following conditions exist:
• The engine overheats frequently. The cooling system drain valve is towards the bottom
of the radiator.
• Foaming is observed.
• The oil has entered the cooling system and the Drain
coolant is contaminated.
• The fuel has entered the cooling system and the
coolant is contaminated. Pressurized System: Hot coolant can cause seri-
ous burns. To open the cooling system filler cap,
Note: Inspect the water pump and the water stop the engine and wait until the cooling system
temperature regulator after the cooling system has components are cool. Loosen the cooling system
been drained. pressure cap slowly in order to relieve the
pressure.
1. Stop the engine and allow the engine to cool.

Loosen the cooling system filler cap slowly in
order to relieve any pressure. Remove the cooling
system filler cap.
2. Open the cooling system drain valve.
Allow the coolant to drain.
Flush
1. Flush the cooling system with clean water in order
to remove any debris.
M0098787 69
Maintenance Section
Cooling System Coolant (ELC) - Change
5. Start the engine and inspect the cooling system for

NOTICE
Fill the cooling system no faster than 19 L (5 US gal) leaks and for proper operating temperature.
per minute to avoid air locks.
i06606848
3. Fill the cooling system with clean water and Cooling System Coolant (ELC
operate the engine, ensure that the thermostat
opens. Stop the engine and allow the engine to - Change
cool.
4. Drain the cooling system.
NOTICE
5. Fill the cooling system with clean water and Perkins ELC must be using with an extender in order
operate the engine until the engine is warmed to to achieve 12000 hours operation. For more informa-
82 °C (180 °F). tion on a suitable extender contact your Perkins
distributor.
6. Stop the engine and allow the engine to cool. Drain
the cooling system. Clean the cooling system and flush the cooling
system before the recommended maintenance
Fill interval if the following conditions exist:
• The engine overheats frequently.
NOTICE
Fill the cooling system no faster than 19 L (5 US gal) • Foaming is observed.
• The oil has entered the cooling system and the
coolant is contaminated.
1. Fill the cooling system with coolant/antifreeze.
Refer to this Operation and Maintenance Manual, • The fuel has entered the cooling system and the
“Fluid Recommendations” topic for more coolant is contaminated.
information on cooling system specifications. Do
Note: When the cooling system is cleaned, only
not install the cooling system filler cap. clean water is needed when the ELC is drained and
2. Start and run the engine at low idle. Increase the replaced.
engine rpm to 1500 rpm. Run the engine at high
Note: Inspect the water pump and the water
idle for 1 minute to purge the air from the cavities temperature regulator after the cooling system has
of the engine block. Stop the engine. been drained.
3. Check the coolant level. Maintain the coolant level
within 13 mm (0.5 inch) below the bottom of the
pipe for filling. Maintain the coolant level within
13 mm (0.5 inch) to the proper level on the sight
glass.
4. Clean the cooling system filler cap. Inspect the
gasket that is on the cooling system filler cap. If
the gasket that is on the cooling system filler cap is
damaged, discard the old filler cap and install a
new filler cap. If the gasket that is on the cooling
system filler cap is not damaged, perform a
pressure test. The correct pressure for the cooling
system filler cap is stamped on the face of the
cooling system filler cap. If the cooling system filler
cap does not retain the correct pressure, install a
new cooling system filler cap.
70 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Cooling System Coolant (ELC) - Change
NOTICE
Fill the cooling system no faster than 19 L (5 US gal)
3. Fill the cooling system with clean water. Install the

cooling system filler cap.
4. Start and run the engine at low idle until the
temperature reaches 49 °C to 66 °C
(120 °F to 150 °F).
Loosen the cooling system filler cap slowly to
relieve any pressure. Remove the cooling system
filler cap. Open the drain valve. Allow the water to
drain. Flush the cooling system with clean water.
Close the drain valve.
Fill
NOTICE
Fill the cooling system no faster than 19 L (5 US gal)
1. Fill the cooling system with Extended Life Coolant

(ELC). Refer to this Operation and Maintenance
Illustration 36 g02351659 Manual, “Fluid Recommendations” for more
information on cooling system specifications. Do
Drain not install the cooling system filler cap.
2. Start and run the engine at low idle. Increase the
engine rpm to high idle. Run the engine at high
idle for 1 minute to purge the air from the cavities
Pressurized System: Hot coolant can cause seri-
ous burns. To open the cooling system filler cap, of the engine block. Stop the engine.
stop the engine and wait until the cooling system 3. Check the coolant level. Maintain the coolant level
components are cool. Loosen the cooling system
pressure cap slowly in order to relieve the within 13 mm (0.5 inch) below the bottom of the
pressure. pipe for filling. Maintain the coolant level within
13 mm (0.5 inch) to the proper level on the sight
glass.
Loosen the cooling system filler cap slowly to 4. Clean the cooling system filler cap. Inspect the
relieve any pressure. Remove the cooling system gasket that is on the cooling system filler cap. Only
filler cap. install the used filler cap if the gasket is not
damaged. Test the cap for the correct pressure.
2. Open the cooling system drain valve.
The correct pressure for the cooling system filler
Allow the coolant to drain. cap is stamped on the face of the cooling system
filler cap. If the cooling system filler cap does not
Flush retain the correct pressure, install a new cooling
system filler cap.
1. Flush the cooling system with clean water to
remove any debris.
M0098787 71
Maintenance Section
Cooling System Coolant Extender (ELC) - Add
5. Start the engine and Inspect the cooling system for

leaks and for proper operating temperature.
i06606850
Cooling System Coolant

Extender (ELC) - Add
For Perkins ELC to achieve 12000 hours an extender

must be added at 6000 hours. For a suitable
extender, contact your Perkins distributor.
i06606851
Cooling System Coolant Level Typical filler cap gaskets
- Check 3. Clean the cooling system filler cap and check the
condition of the filler cap gaskets. Replace the
cooling system filler cap if the filler cap gaskets are
Check the coolant level when the engine is stopped damaged. Reinstall the cooling system filler cap.
and cool. 4. Inspect the cooling system for leaks.
i03644948
Cooling System Supplemental

Coolant Additive (SCA - Test/
Add
Cooling system coolant additive contains alkali.

Illustration 37 g00285520 To help prevent personal injury, avoid contact
with the skin and the eyes. Do not drink cooling
Cooling system filler cap system coolant additive.
Test for SCA Concentration

ous burns. To open the cooling system filler cap,
stop the engine and wait until the cooling system Heavy-Duty Coolant/Antifreeze and SCA
components are cool. Loosen the cooling system
pressure cap slowly in order to relieve the NOTICE
pressure. Do not exceed the recommended six percent supple-
mental coolant additive concentration.
1. Remove the cooling system filler cap slowly to
relieve pressure.
2. Maintain the coolant level within 13 mm (0.5 inch)
of the bottom of the filler pipe. If the engine is
equipped with a sight glass, maintain the coolant
level to the proper level in the sight glass.
72 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Cooling System Water Temperature Regulator - Replace
Use a Coolant Conditioner Test Kit in order to check 4. Clean the cooling system filler cap and inspect the
the concentration of the SCA. gasket. If the gasket is damaged, discard the old
filler cap and install a new filler cap. If the gasket is
Add the SCA, If Necessary not damaged, use a suitable pressurizing pump in
order to pressure test the filler cap. The correct
NOTICE pressure is stamped on the face of the filler cap. If
Do not exceed the recommended amount of supple- the filler cap does not retain the correct pressure,
mental coolant additive concentration. Excessive install a new filler cap.
supplemental coolant additive concentration can form
deposits on the higher temperature surfaces of the
cooling system, reducing the engine's heat transfer i07227862
characteristics. Reduced heat transfer could cause
cracking of the cylinder head and other high tempera- Cooling System Water
ture components. Excessive supplemental coolant
additive concentration could also result in radiator Temperature Regulator -
tube blockage, overheating, and/or accelerated water
pump seal wear. Never use both liquid supplemental Replace
coolant additive and the spin-on element (if
equipped) at the same time. The use of those addi-
tives together could result in supplemental coolant Replace the water temperature regulator before the
additive concentration exceeding the recommended water temperature regulator fails. Replacing the
maximum. water temperature regulator is a recommended
preventive maintenance practice. Replacing the
water temperature regulator reduces the chances for
unscheduled downtime. Refer to this Operation and
Maintenance Manual, “Maintenance Interval
Schedule” for the correct maintenance interval.
ous burns. To open the cooling system filler cap, A water temperature regulator that fails in a partially
stop the engine and wait until the cooling system opened position can cause overheating or
components are cool. Loosen the cooling system overcooling of the engine.
pressure cap slowly in order to relieve the
pressure. A water temperature regulator that fails in the closed
position can cause excessive overheating. Excessive
overheating could result in cracking of the cylinder
NOTICE head or piston seizure problems.
When any servicing or repair of the engine cooling
system is performed the procedure must be per- A water temperature regulator that fails in the open
formed with the engine on level ground. This will al- position will cause the engine operating temperature
low you to accurately check the coolant level. This to be too low during partial load operation. Low
will also help in avoiding the risk of introducing an air engine operating temperatures during partial loads
lock into the coolant system. could cause an excessive carbon buildup inside the
cylinders. This excessive carbon buildup could result
in accelerated wear of the piston rings and wear of
1. Slowly loosen the cooling system filler cap in order the cylinder liner.
to relieve the pressure. Remove the cooling
system filler cap. NOTICE
Failure to replace your water temperature regulator
Note: Always discard drained fluids according to on a regularly scheduled basis could cause severe
local regulations. engine damage.
2. If necessary, drain some coolant from the cooling Perkins engines incorporate a shunt bypass design
cooling system and require operating the engine with
system into a suitable container in order to allow a water temperature regulator installed.
space for the extra SCA.
If the water temperature regulator is installed incor-
3. Add the correct amount of SCA. Refer to the rectly, the engine may overheat, causing cylinder
Operation and Maintenance Manual, “Refill head damage. Ensure that the new water tempera-
Capacities and Recommendations” for more ture regulator is installed in the original position. En-
information on SCA requirements. sure that the water temperature regulator vent hole is
open.
Do not use liquid gasket material on the gasket or cyl-
inder head surface.
M0098787 73
Maintenance Section
Driven Equipment - Check
Refer to two articles in the Disassembly and • Ease of maintenance

Assembly Manual, “Water Temperature Regulators -
Remove and Water Temperature Regulators - Install” Note: Caution must be used in order to prevent
for the correct replacement procedure of the water electrical components from being damaged by
temperature regulator, or consult your Perkins dealer. excessive water when you clean the engine. Avoid
electrical components such as the alternator, the
Note: If the water temperature regulators are starter, and the Electronic Control Module (ECM).
replaced, drain the coolant from the cooling system
to a level that is below the water temperature i07003542
regulator housing.
i02151646
Engine Air Cleaner Element -
Replace
Driven Equipment - Check
NOTICE
Refer to the OEM specifications for more information Never run the engine without an air cleaner element
on the following maintenance recommendations for installed. Never run the engine with a damaged air
the driven equipment: cleaner element. Do not use air cleaner elements
with damaged pleats, gaskets or seals. Dirt entering
• Inspection the engine causes premature wear and damage to
engine components. Air cleaner elements help to pre-
• Adjustment vent airborne debris from entering the air inlet.
• Lubrication
• Other maintenance recommendations NOTICE

Never service the air cleaner element with the engine
Perform any maintenance for the driven equipment running since this will allow dirt to enter the engine.
which is recommended by the OEM.
Ensure that the engine cannot start before any
service or repair is performed.
i02568158
Engine - Clean Servicing the Air Cleaner Element

Note: The air filter system may not have been
provided by Perkins. The procedure that follows is for
a typical air filter system. Refer to the OEM
information for the correct procedure.
Personal injury or death can result from high
voltage. If the air cleaner element becomes plugged, the air
can split the material of the air cleaner element.
Moisture can create paths of electrical Unfiltered air will drastically accelerate internal
conductivity. engine wear. Refer to the OEM information for the
correct air cleaner elements for your application.
Make sure that the electrical system is OFF. Lock
out the starting controls and tag the controls “ DO • Check the air cleaner service indicator daily.
NOT OPERATE”” .
• Check the pre-cleaner (if equipped) and the dust
bowl daily for accumulation of dirt and debris.
NOTICE Remove any dirt and debris, as needed.
Accumulated grease and oil on an engine is a fire
hazard. Keep the engine clean. Remove debris and • Operating in dirty conditions may require more
fluid spills whenever a significant quantity accumu- frequent service of the air cleaner element.
lates on the engine.
Periodic cleaning of the engine is recommended.

Steam cleaning the engine will remove accumulated
oil and grease. A clean engine provides the following
benefits:
• Easy detection of fluid leaks

• Maximum heat transfer characteristics
74 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Engine Air Cleaner Service Indicator - Inspect
Replace the dirty air cleaner elements with new air 3. Remove the primary air filter element (2) and
cleaner elements. Before installation, the air cleaner remove the secondary air filter element (not
elements should be thoroughly checked for tears shown) from air cleaner body (1). Ensure that the
and/or holes in the filter material. Inspect the gasket
or the seal of the air cleaner element for damage. inner body of the air cleaner is clean and free from
Maintain a supply of suitable air cleaner elements for dirt. Ensure that the inner of the air cleaner cover ,
replacement purposes. (3) is clean and free from dirt.
4. Install a new secondary air filter element (not
Dual Element Air Cleaner shown). Install a new primary air filter element (2)
The dual element air cleaner contains a primary air and install end cover (3). Ensure that the clips (4)
cleaner element and a secondary air cleaner are located securely.
element.
i06103548
When the engine is operating in environments that
are dusty or dirty, air cleaner elements may require
more frequent replacement. Engine Air Cleaner Service
If equipped, perform maintenance on the pre-cleaner
Indicator - Inspect
or the dust bowl before performing maintenance on (If Equipped)
the air filter elements.
Some engines may be equipped with a different

service indicator.
Some engines are equipped with a differential gauge
for inlet air pressure. The differential gauge for inlet
air pressure displays the difference in the pressure
that is measured before and after the air cleaner
element. As the air cleaner element becomes dirty,
the pressure differential rises. If your engine is
equipped with a different type of service indicator,
follow the OEM recommendations in order to service
the air cleaner service indicator.
The service indicator may be mounted on the clean
side of the air cleaner housing or in a remote
location.
Typical example
Note: Do not allow dirt to enter the air system during

replacement of the air filter elements.
1. Clean the outer casing of the air cleaner before

removing the end cover (3).
Note: Before removal, check the orientation of the Illustration 40 g00103777

end cover (3). Some air cleaners the end cover must
Typical service indicator
be installed in the correctly aligned position.
Observe the service indicator. The air cleaner
2. Release the clips (4) and remove the end cover (3) element should be cleaned or the air cleaner element
from air cleaner body (1). should be replaced when one of the following
conditions occur:
• The yellow diaphragm enters the red zone.
• The red piston locks in the visible position.

M0098787 75
Maintenance Section
Engine Mounts - Inspect
Test the Service Indicator i07227918
Service indicators are important instruments. Engine Oil Level - Check

• Check for ease of resetting. The service indicator
should reset in less than three pushes.
• Check the movement of the service indicator core

when the engine is run at full load speed. The core Hot oil and hot components can cause personal
should latch approximately at the greatest vacuum injury. Do not allow hot oil or hot components to
that is attained. contact the skin.
If the service indicator does not reset easily, or if the
core does not latch at the greatest vacuum, the
service indicator should be replaced. If the new
service indicator will not reset, the hole for the service
indicator may be plugged.
If necessary, replace the service indicator more
frequently in environments that are severely dusty.
Replace the service indicator annually regardless of
the operating conditions. Replace the service
indicator when the engine is overhauled, and
whenever major engine components are replaced.
Note: When a new service indicator is installed,

excessive force may crack the top of the service
indicator. Tighten the service indicator to a torque of
2 N·m (18 lb in).
i02323089
Engine Mounts - Inspect
Note: The engine mounts may not have been
supplied by Perkins. Refer to the OEM information for Typical example
further information on the engine mounts and the (1) Oil filler cap
correct bolt torque. (2) Oil level gauge (Dipstick)
Inspect the engine mounts for deterioration and for

correct bolt torque. Engine vibration can be caused
by the following conditions:
• Incorrect mounting of the engine
• Deterioration of the engine mounts

• Loose engine mounts
Any engine mount that shows deterioration should be Partial view of the oil level gauge
replaced. Refer to the OEM information for the
recommended torques. (Y) “ADD” mark
(X) “FULL” mark
NOTICE
Perform this maintenance with the engine stopped.
76 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Engine Oil Sample - Obtain
Perkins recommends using a sampling valve in order

NOTICE to obtain oil samples. The quality and the consistency
Engine damage can occur if the crankcase is filled
above the “FULL” mark on the oil level gauge of the samples are better when a sampling valve is
(dipstick). used. The location of the sampling valve allows oil
that is flowing under pressure to be obtained during
An overfull crankcase can cause the crankshaft to dip normal engine operation.
into the oil. This will reduce the power that is devel-
oped and also force air bubbles into the oil. These Obtain the Sample and the
bubbles (foam) can cause the following problems: re-
duction of the oil's ability to lubricate, reduction of oil Analysis
pressure, inadequate cooling, oil blowing out of the
crankcase breathers and excessive oil consumption.
Excessive oil consumption will cause deposits to form
on the pistons and in the combustion chamber. De- Hot oil and hot components can cause personal
posits in the combustion chamber lead to the follow- injury. Do not allow hot oil or hot components to
ing problems: guttering of the valves, packing of contact the skin.
carbon under the piston rings and wear of the cylin-
der liner. In order to help obtain the most accurate analysis,
record the following information before an oil sample
If the oil level is above the “FULL” mark on the oil lev- is taken:
el gauge, drain some of the oil immediately.
• The date of the sample
1. Remove the oil level gauge to check engine oil • Engine model
level. Maintain the oil level between the “ADD”
mark (Y) and the “FULL” mark (X) on the oil level • Engine number
gauge (1). Do not fill the crankcase above “FULL” • Service hours on the engine
mark (X).
• The number of hours that have accumulated since
2. If engine oil is required, remove oil filler cap to add
the last oil change
engine oil.
3. To choose the correct type of oil for this engine, • The amount of oil that has been added since the
last oil change
refer to this Operation and Maintenance Manual,
“Fluid Recommendations”. Ensure that the container for the sample is clean and
dry. Also ensure that the container for the sample is
4. Clean the oil filler cap and install the oil filler cap. clearly labelled.
5. Record the amount of oil that is added. For the
To ensure that the sample is representative of the oil
next oil sample and analysis, include the total in the crankcase, obtain a warm, well mixed oil
amount of oil that has been added since the sample.
previous sample. Recording this information helps
to provide the most accurate oil analysis. To avoid contamination of the oil samples, the tools
and the supplies that are used for obtaining oil
samples must be clean.
i01907674
Engine Oil Sample - Obtain
The condition of the engine lubricating oil may be

checked at regular intervals as part of a preventive
maintenance program. Perkins include an oil
sampling valve as an option. The oil sampling valve
(if equipped) is included in order to regularly sample
the engine lubricating oil. The oil sampling valve is
positioned on the oil filter head or the oil sampling
valve is positioned on the cylinder block.
M0098787 77
Maintenance Section
Engine Oil and Filter - Change
The sample can be checked for the following: the Refer to this Operation and Maintenance Manual,
quality of the oil, the existence of any coolant in the “Severe Service Application” for more information on
oil, the existence of any ferrous metal particles in the reducing the engine oil and filter change period. For
oil and the existence of any nonferrous metal severe service applications the recommended oil and
particles in the oil. filter change period is 250 hours.
If the engine is operated in severe service conditions,
i07536313
Perkins recommends the use of engine oil sampling.
Engine Oil and Filter - Change Engine Oil sample - Obtain for more information.
If the engine is operated infrequently less than 500
hours in a 12-month period, then the engine oil and
filter change should be conducted yearly.
Hot oil and hot components can cause personal

injury. Do not allow hot oil or hot components to
contact the skin.
NOTICE
Care must be taken to ensure that fluids are con-
tained during performance of inspection, mainte-
nance, testing, adjusting and repair of the product.
Be prepared to collect the fluid with suitable contain-
ers before opening any compartment or disassem-
bling any component containing fluids.
and mandates.
NOTICE
Keep all parts clean from contaminants.
Contaminants may cause rapid wear and shortened
component life.
Do not drain the engine lubricating oil when the

engine is cold. As the engine lubricating oil cools,
suspended waste particles settle on the bottom of the
oil pan. The waste particles are not removed with
draining cold oil. Drain the oil pan with the engine
stopped. Drain the oil pan with the oil warm. This
draining method allows the waste particles that are
suspended in the oil to be drained properly.
Failure to follow this recommended procedure will
cause the waste particles to be recirculated through
the engine lubrication system with the new oil.
Oil and Filter Change Intervals

The standard engine oil and filter change period is
500 hours. There are several other factors that can
alter the standard engine oil and filter change of 500
hours.
• If the engine is using engine oil analysis to

determine oil and filter change period.
• The engine is working in a severe service

environment/Load Factor
• Infrequent operation of the engine
78 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Table 14
Oil Change Interval for 1706A and 1706D Industrial Engine (1)
Multigrade Oil Type Operating Conditions
Normal Severe Service Application
Perkins DEO 500 hr 250 hr

or Perkins DEO-ULS
Preferred
Oil meeting the requirements of the Perkins 500 hr 250 hr
ECF-3 Specification or the API CK-4 or CI-4
classification
8 minimum TBN
Preferred
Oil meeting the requirements of the ACEA C9/ 500 hr 250 hr
E6 Specification
TBN below 10.4
(1) The standard oil change interval in this engine is 500 hours, if the operating conditions and recommended oil types that are listed in this table
are met. If the type of oil, the quality of the oil and the operating conditions fails to meet certain standards, the oil change intervals must be de-
creased to 250 hours.
Drain the Engine Lubricating Oil

Note: Ensure that the vessel that will be used is large
enough to collect the waste oil.
After the engine has been run at the normal
operating temperature, stop the engine. Attach a “DO
NOT OPERATE” or a similar warning tag to the
ignition keyswitch before the engine is serviced.
Use one of the following methods to drain the engine
oil pan:
M0098787 79
Maintenance Section
After the oil has drained, the oil drain plugs should be
cleaned and installed. If necessary, replace the O
ring seal. Tighten the drain plug to 34 N·m (25 lb ft).
Replace the Oil Filter

NOTICE
Perkins oil filters are manufactured to Perkins specifi-
cations. Use of an oil filter that is not recommended
by Perkins could result in severe damage to the en-
gine bearings, crankshaft, and so forth. As a result of
the larger waste particles from unfiltered oil entering
the engine lubricating system. Only use oil filters rec-
ommended by Perkins.
1. Remove the oil filter with a suitable tool.
Note: The following actions can be carried out as

part of the preventive maintenance program.
2. Cut the oil filter open with a suitable tool. Break

Illustration 43 g06257791 apart the pleats and inspect the oil filter for metal
debris. An excessive amount of metal debris in the
oil filter may indicate early wear or a pending
failure.
Use a magnet to differentiate between the ferrous
metals and the nonferrous metals that are found in
the oil filter element. Ferrous metals may indicate
wear on the steel and cast iron parts of the engine.
Nonferrous metals may indicate wear on the
aluminum parts, brass parts, or bronze parts of the
engine. Parts that may be affected include the
following items: main bearings, rod bearings, and
turbocharger bearings.
During to normal wear small amounts of debris
may be found in the oil filter.
• If the engine is equipped with a drain valve, turn

the drain valve knob counterclockwise to drain the
oil. After the oil has drained, turn the drain valve
knob clockwise to close the drain valve.
• If the engine is not equipped with a drain valve,

remove the oil drain plug (1) to allow the oil to
drain. If the engine is equipped with a shallow oil
pan, remove the bottom oil drain plugs from both
ends of the oil pan.
80 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Engine Valve Lash - Check
2. Start the engine and run the engine at “LOW IDLE”

for 2 minutes. Perform this procedure to ensure
that the lubrication system has oil and that the oil
filters are filled. Inspect the oil filter for oil leaks.
3. Stop the engine and allow the oil to drain back to
the oil pan for a minimum of 10 minutes.
Typical example Illustration 46 g02173847
“L” Low
3. Clean sealing surface (2). “H” High
4. Apply clean engine oil to O ring seal (3) for the new
4. Remove the engine oil level gauge to check the oil
oil filter.
level. Maintain the oil level between the “L” and “H”
NOTICE marks on the engine oil level gauge. Do not fill the
Do not fill the oil filters with oil before installing them. crankcase above the “H” mark.
This oil would not be filtered and could be contami-
nated. Contaminated oil can cause accelerated wear i07478142
to engine components or engine damage.
Engine Valve Lash - Check
5. Install the new oil filter. Spin on the oil filter until the
O ring contacts the sealing surface (2). Then
rotate the oil filter ¾ of a full turn.
Fill the Oil Pan Ensure that the engine cannot be started while
this maintenance is being performed. To help pre-
1. Remove the oil filler cap. Refer to this Operation vent possible injury, do not use the starting motor
and Maintenance Manual, “Fluid to turn the flywheel.
Recommendations” for more information on
Hot engine components can cause burns. Allow
suitable oils. Fill the oil pan with the correct additional time for the engine to cool before
amount of new engine lubricating oil. Refer to this measuring/adjusting valve lash clearance.
Operation and Maintenance Manual, “Refill
Capacities” for more information on refill
capacities. NOTICE
Only qualified service personel should perform this
NOTICE maintenance. Refer to the Service Manual or your au-
If equipped with an auxiliary oil filter system or a re- thorized Perkins dealer or your Perkins distributor for
mote filter system, follow the OEM or the filter manu- the complete valve lash adjustment procedure.
factures recommendations. Under-filling or over filling
the crankcase with oil can cause engine damage. Operation of Perkins engines with incorrect valve
lash can reduce engine efficiency, and also reduce
engine component life.
M0098787 81
Maintenance Section
Fuel System - Prime
The initial valve lash adjustment on new engines, 4. When the water separator is full of fuel, attempt to
rebuilt engines, or remanufactured engines is start the engine. If the engine starts and the
necessary due to the initial wear of the valve train engine runs rough or the engine misfires, operate
components and to the seating of the valve train at low idle until the engine is running smoothly. If
components.
the engine cannot be started, or if the engine
This maintenance is recommended as part of a continues to misfire or smoke, repeat Step 1.
lubrication and preventive maintenance schedule to
help provide maximum engine life. Manual Switch Priming (if
Note: All engine ratings must have the engine valve equipped)
lash performed at 2500 hours.
The manual switch is located on the primary filter
Ensure that the engine is stopped before measuring base/electric priming pump assembly.
the valve lash. To obtain an accurate measurement,
allow the valves to cool before this maintenance is 1. Hold the manual switch in the up position until fuel
performed. has filled the water separator.
During valve adjustment, visibly inspect the valve 2. Continue to hold the switch for 30 seconds after
train of wear or damage. the water separator is full.
Refer to Systems Operation, Testing and Adjusting, 3. Attempt to start the engine. If engine starts and
“Engine Valve Lash - Inspect/Adjust” for more runs rough or misfires, operate at low idle until the
information.
engine is running smoothly. If the engine cannot
i07229442
be started, continue to prime the fuel system for 30
more seconds.
Fuel System - Prime
i07229468
Fuel System Primary Filter

NOTICE
Do not allow dirt to enter the fuel system. Thoroughly (Water Separator Element -
clean the area around a fuel system component that
will be disconnected. Fit a suitable cover over any
Replace
disconnected fuel system components.
Key-on Priming (if equipped)

Personal injury or death may result from failure
1. Turn the engine start switch to the ON position. to adhere to the following procedures.
Leave the engine start switch in the ON position Fuel leaked or spilled onto hot surfaces or electri-
for 2 minutes. cal components can cause a fire.
2. Verify that the water separator is full of fuel. Clean up all leaked or spilled fuel. Do not smoke
3. If the water separator is not full of fuel, turn the while working on the fuel system.
engine start switch OFF and then turn the engine Turn the disconnect switch OFF or disconnect
start switch ON. Turning the switch OFF, then ON the battery when changing fuel filters.
will cycle the fuel priming pump again.
NOTICE
Do not fill the fuel filters with fuel before installing the
fuel filters. The fuel will not be filtered and could be
contaminated. Contaminated fuel will cause acceler-
ated wear to fuel system parts.
82 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Fuel System Primary Filter/Water Separator - Drain
8. Remove the filter and discard the filter. Clean the

NOTICE
Care must be taken to ensure that fluids are con- bottom of the filter mounting base. Make sure that
tained during performance of inspection, mainte- all the old filter seal is removed from the bottom
nance, testing, adjusting, and repair of the product. groove of the opening in the base.
Be prepared to collect the fluid with suitable contain-
ers before opening any compartment or disassem- 9. Clean the water separator bowl and clean the
bling any component containing fluids. groove for the seal. Inspect the seal. If the seal is
worn or damaged, replace the seal.
and mandates. 10. Lubricate the seal with clean diesel fuel or
lubricate the seal with clean motor oil. Place the
1. Turn the start switch to the OFF position or seal in the groove on the water separator bowl.
disconnect the battery (starting motor) when 11. Install the water separator bowl onto the new fuel
maintenance is performed on a fuel filter. filter by hand. Tighten the bowl assembly to 15
2. Shut off the fuel supply. 15 N·m (11 lb ft).
12. Apply clean diesel fuel to the seal of the new
filter.
13. Install the new filter onto the base. Tighten the
filter by hand until the seal contacts the filter base.
Tighten the filter by anadditional1/3 to 1/2 rotation.
Note: The secondary fuel filter should be replaced at
the same time. See this Operation and Maintenance
Manual, “Fuel System Secondary Filter - Replace” for
further information.
14. Open the fuel shutoff valve.

15. Reconnect the battery, if necessary.
16. Purge the air from the fuel system. See this
Operation and Maintenance Manual, “Fuel System
- Prime” for further instructions.
17. Stop the engine and check for leaks.
i07229452
(1) filter body Fuel System Primary Filter/
(2) bowl
(3) drain valve Water Separator - Drain
Note: Refer to this Operation and Maintenance
Manual, “General Hazard Information” that pertains
to containing fluid spillage.
3. Turn drain valve (3) counterclockwise to open. The Fuel leaked or spilled onto hot surfaces or electri-
cal components can cause a fire. To help prevent
drain valve is on the bottom of the water separator. possible injury, turn the start switch off when
4. Drain the water and sediment into a suitable changing fuel filters or water separator elements.
container. Dispose of the drained fluids and used Clean up fuel spills immediately.
filters according to local regulations.
5. Close the drain valve. NOTICE
Do not allow dirt to enter the fuel system. Thoroughly
6. Hold the bottom of the filter while you loosen the clean the area around a fuel system component that
bowl. Remove the bowl. will be disconnected. Fit a suitable cover over any
7. Turn the filter counterclockwise to loosen the filter.
If the filter will not turn, use a strap wrench to
loosen the filter.
M0098787 83
Maintenance Section
Fuel System Secondary Filter - Replace
Illustration 48 g03807817 Illustration 49 g06265585

Typical example (1) Fuel supply connections
(2) Fuel filters
(3) O-ring seal
1. Ensure that the engine is stopped. Open drain (1).
The drain is a self-ventilated drain. Catch the
draining water in a suitable container. Dispose of NOTICE
the water properly. Do not allow dirt to enter the fuel system. Thoroughly
clean the area around a fuel system component that
2. Close drain (1). will be disconnected. Fit a suitable cover over any
NOTICE
The water separator is under suction during normal
engine operation. Ensure that the drain valve is tight- NOTICE
ened securely to help prevent air from entering the Use a suitable container to catch any fuel that might
fuel system. spill. Clean up any spilled fuel immediately.
1. It may be necessary to relieve residual fuel

i07248846
pressure from the fuel system before removing the
Fuel System Secondary Filter - fuel filter.
Loosen one of the fuel supply connections (1) to
Replace purge any residual pressure.
NOTICE
Do not loosen fuel lines or fittings at the fuel manifold
or ECM. The engine components may be damaged.
Fuel leaked or spilled onto hot surfaces or electri-
cal components can cause a fire. To help prevent
possible injury, turn the start switch off when 2. Remove the used fuel filter.
changing fuel filters or water separator elements. 3. Clean the O-ring sealing surface of the fuel filter
Clean up fuel spills immediately. base.
4. Apply clean diesel fuel to the new fuel filter O-ring
seal.
84 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Fuel Tank Water and Sediment - Drain
Fill the fuel tank after operating the engine in order to

NOTICE drive out moist air. This will help prevent
Do not fill the secondary and tertiary fuel filters with
fuel before installing. The fuel would not be filtered condensation. Do not fill the tank to the top. The fuel
and could be contaminated. Contaminated fuel will expands as the fuel gets warm. The tank may
cause accelerated wear to fuel system parts. overflow.
Some fuel tanks use supply pipes that allow water
5. Install the new fuel filter. Spin the fuel filter onto the and sediment to settle below the end of the fuel
supply pipe. Some fuel tanks use supply lines that
fuel filter base until the O-ring seal contacts the take fuel directly from the bottom of the tank. If the
base. Use the rotation index marks on the filters as engine is equipped with this system, regular
a guide for tightening correctly. Tighten the filter for maintenance of the fuel system filter is important.
an extra 3/4 turn by hand. Do not overtighten the
filter. Fuel Storage Tanks
i02348492 Drain the water and the sediment from the fuel
storage tank at the following intervals:
Fuel Tank Water and Sediment • Weekly
- Drain • Service intervals
• Refill of the tank
NOTICE This will help prevent water or sediment from being
Care must be taken to ensure that fluids are con- pumped from the storage tank into the engine fuel
tained during performance of inspection, mainte-
nance, testing, adjusting and repair of the product. tank.
Be prepared to collect the fluid with suitable contain- If a bulk storage tank has been refilled or moved
ers before opening any compartment or disassem- recently, allow adequate time for the sediment to
bling any component containing fluids. settle before filling the engine fuel tank. Internal
baffles in the bulk storage tank will also help trap
Dispose of all fluids according to local regulations sediment. Filtering fuel that is pumped from the
and mandates. storage tank helps to ensure the quality of the fuel.
When possible, water separators should be used.
Fuel Tank i07532149
Fuel quality is critical to the performance and to the

service life of the engine. Water in the fuel can cause Fumes Disposal Filter Element
excessive wear to the fuel system. - Replace
Water can be introduced into the fuel tank when the
fuel tank is being filled.
The filter for the Open Crankcase Ventilation (OCV
Condensation occurs during the heating and cooling system may be located toward the front or toward the
of fuel. The condensation occurs as the fuel passes rear of the left side of the engine. A filter that has
through the fuel system and the fuel returns to the been used may contain a small amount of engine oil.
fuel tank. This causes water to accumulate in fuel
tanks. Draining the fuel tank regularly and obtaining NOTICE
fuel from reliable sources can help to eliminate water Care must be taken to ensure that fluids are con-
in the fuel. tained during performance of inspection, mainte-
nance, testing, adjusting, and repair of the machine.
Drain the Water and the Sediment Be prepared to collect the fluid with suitable contain-
ers before opening any compartment or disassem-
Fuel tanks should contain some provision for draining bling any component containing fluids.
water and draining sediment from the bottom of the
fuel tanks. Dispose of all fluids according to local regulations
and mandates.
Open the drain valve on the bottom of the fuel tank in
order to drain the water and the sediment. Close the
drain valve.
Check the fuel daily. Allow five minutes after the fuel
tank has been filled before draining water and
sediment from the fuel tank.
M0098787 85
Maintenance Section
Grounding Stud - Inspect/Clean/Tighten
i03965989
Grounding Stud - Inspect/

Clean/Tighten
(1) Cap
(2) Housing for the filter element The grounding stud is located on the upper left corner
(3) Filter element of the engine control module.
(4) Cup
Inspect the OEM harness for good connections.
Remove either the cap or the cup from the housing Inspect the condition of the OEM harness.
for the OCV filter. Remove the OCV filter. The filter
may not be used again. Dispose of the filter. Place a The grounding stud must have a wire ground to the
new OCV filter inside the filter housing. If the cap was battery. Tighten the grounding stud at every oil
removed, replace the cap. If the cup was removed, change. Ground wires and straps should be
replace the cup. Tighten hand tight. combined at engine grounds. All grounds should be
tight and free of corrosion.
Note: Perkins will not be held liable for an engine that
does not comply with Environmental Protection • Clean the grounding stud and the terminals for the
Agency (EPA) emissions standards due to ground strap with a clean cloth.
modification of the OCV filter or due to the use of a
filter that is does not meet Perkins specifications. • If the connections are corroded, clean the
connections with a solution of baking soda and
water.
• Keep the grounding stud and the strap clean and
coated with MPGM grease or petroleum jelly.
i06103230
Hoses and Clamps - Inspect/

Replace

86 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Overhaul Considerations
If you inspect the engine in operation, always use the

proper inspection procedure in order to avoid a fluid
penetration hazard. Refer to Operation and Pressurized System: Hot coolant can cause seri-
Maintenance Manual, “General hazard Information”. ous burns. To open the cooling system filler cap,
Inspect all hoses for leaks that are caused by the stop the engine and wait until the cooling system
following conditions: components are cool. Loosen the cooling system
pressure cap slowly in order to relieve the
• Cracking pressure.
• Softness
1. Stop the engine. Allow the engine to cool.
• Loose clamps 2. Loosen the cooling system filler cap slowly in order
Replace hoses that are cracked or soft. Tighten any to relieve any pressure. Remove the cooling
loose clamps. system filler cap.
Check for the following conditions: Note: Drain the coolant into a suitable, clean
container. The coolant can be reused.
• End fittings that are damaged or leaking
3. Drain the coolant from the cooling system to a
• Outer covering that is chafed or cut level that is below the hose that is being replaced.
• Exposed wire that is used for reinforcement 4. Remove the hose clamps.
• Outer covering that is ballooning locally 5. Disconnect the old hose.
• Flexible part of the hose that is kinked or crushed 6. Replace the old hose with a new hose.
7. Install the hose clamps with a torque wrench.
• Armoring that is embedded in the outer covering
A constant torque hose clamp can be used in place Note: For the correct coolant, see this Operation and
of any standard hose clamp. Ensure that the constant Maintenance Manual, “Fluid Recommendations”.
torque hose clamp is the same size as the standard
clamp. 8. Refill the cooling system. Refer to the OEM
information for further information on refilling the
Due to extreme temperature changes, the hose will cooling system.
harden. Hardening of the hoses will cause hose
clamps to loosen. This hardening can result in leaks. 9. Clean the cooling system filler cap. Inspect the
A constant torque hose clamp will help to prevent cooling system filler caps seals. Replace the
loose hose clamps. cooling system filler cap if the seals are damaged.
Each installation application can be different. The Install the cooling system filler cap.
differences depend on the following factors: 10. Start the engine. Inspect the cooling system for
leaks.
• Type of hose
• Type of fitting material Fuel System
• Anticipated expansion and contraction of the hose The fuel system is split into two different sections,
high pressure, and low pressure. Ensure that the fuel
• Anticipated expansion and contraction of the pressure has been purged before any parts are
fittings removed loosened or replaced.
Replace the Hoses and the Clamps Check that connections and hoses are secure, check
for leaks. If parts are to be removed or tightened,
refer to the Disassembly and Assembly manual for
Refer to the OEM information for further information more information.
on removing and replacing fuel hoses (if equipped).
The following text describes a typical method of i05971077
replacing coolant hoses. Refer to the OEM
information for further information on the coolant Overhaul Considerations
system and the hoses for the coolant system.
For an overhaul solution, contact your Perkins
distributor.
M0098787 87
Maintenance Section
Power Take-Off Clutch - Check
i07249538 i04020194
Power Take-Off Clutch - Check Radiator - Clean
Note: Adjust the frequency of cleaning according to

NOTICE
New power take-offs should have the clutch adjust- the effects of the operating environment.
ment checked before being placed into service. The
Inspect the radiator for these items: damaged fins,
clutch adjustment should be checked again after the corrosion, dirt, grease, insects, leaves, oil and other
first ten hours of operation. New clutch plates have a debris. Clean the radiator, if necessary.
“wear in” period, and the clutch may require several
adjustments until the new plates are “worn in”.
Personal injury can result from air pressure.

Personal injury can result without following prop-
er procedure. When using pressure air, wear a
protective face shield and protective clothing.
The maximum air pressure for cleaning purposes
must be reduced to 205 kPa (30 psi) when the air
nozzle is deadheaded.
Pressurized air is the preferred method for removing

loose debris. Direct the air in the opposite direction of
the air flow. Hold the nozzle approximately 6 mm
(0.25 inch) away from the fins. Slowly move the air
nozzle in a direction that is parallel with the tubes.
Illustration 52 g00781502 This movement will remove debris that is between
(1) Instruction plate
the tubes.
(2) Serial number plate
Pressurized water may also be used for cleaning.
Check the clutch adjustment regularly after “wear in”. The maximum water pressure for cleaning purposes
Heavy-duty applications which have engagements must be less than 275 kPa (40 psi). Use pressurized
that are frequent and relatively long periods of clutch water in order to soften mud. Clean the core from
both sides.
slippage require more frequent adjustment than light-
duty applications. The operating torque should be Use a degreaser and steam for removal of oil and
measured to determine if a clutch adjustment is grease. Clean both sides of the core. Wash the core
required. with detergent and hot water. Thoroughly rinse the
core with clean water.
Refer to the OEM information and instruction plate
(1) for instructions on lubrication, adjustment, and After cleaning, start the engine and accelerate the
other recommendations for service. Perform the engine to high idle rpm. This procedure will help in
maintenance that is specified on the instruction plate. the removal of debris and drying of the core. Stop the
engine. Use a light bulb behind the core in order to
inspect the core for cleanliness. Repeat the cleaning,
if necessary.
Do not operate the engine with the Instruction Inspect the fins for damage. Bent fins may be opened
Plate cover removed from the clutch. Personal in- with a “comb”. Inspect these items for good condition:
jury may result.
welds, mounting brackets, air lines, connections,
If the clutch is damaged to the point of burst fail- clamps and seals. Make repairs, if necessary.
ure, expelled pieces can cause personal injury to
anyone in the immediate area. Proper safeguards i02568202
must be followed to help prevent accidents.
Starting Motor - Inspect
Perkins recommends a scheduled inspection of the

starting motor. If the starting motor fails, the engine
may not start in an emergency situation.
88 M0098787
Maintenance Section
Walk-Around Inspection
Check the starting motor for proper operation. Check Excessive coolant leakage may indicate the need to
the electrical connections and clean the electrical replace the water pump seal. For the removal of
connections. Refer to the Service Manual for more water pumps and the installation of water pumps and/
information on the checking procedure and for or seals, refer to the Service Manual for the engine or
specifications or consult your Perkins distributors for consult your Perkins distributor .
assistance.
• Inspect the lubrication system for leaks at the front
i06120055 crankshaft seal, the rear crankshaft seal, the oil
pan, the oil filters, and the valve cover.
Walk-Around Inspection
• Inspect the fuel system for leaks. Look for loose
fuel line clamps or for loose fuel line tie-wraps.
Inspect the Engine for Leaks and • Inspect the piping for the air inlet system and the
elbows for cracks and for loose clamps. Ensure
for Loose Connections that hoses and tubes are not contacting other
hoses, tubes, and wiring harnesses.
A walk-around inspection should only take a few
minutes. When the time is taken to perform these • Inspect the alternator belt and the accessory drive
checks, costly repairs and accidents can be avoided. belts for cracks, breaks, or other damage.
For maximum engine service life, make a thorough Belts for multiple groove pulleys must be replaced as
inspection of the engine compartment before starting matched sets. If only one belt is replaced, the belt will
the engine. Look for items such as oil leaks or carry more load than the belts that are not replaced.
coolant leaks, loose bolts, worn belts, loose The older belts are stretched. The additional load on
connections, and trash buildup. Make repairs, as the new belt could cause the belt to break.
needed:
• Drain the water and the sediment from fuel tanks
• The guards must be in the proper place. Repair on a daily basis in order to ensure that only clean
damaged guards or replace missing guards. fuel enters the fuel system.
• Wipe all caps and plugs before the engine is • Drain the water from the primary fuel filter.
serviced in order to reduce the chance of system
contamination. • Inspect the wiring and the wiring harnesses for
loose connections and for worn wires or frayed
NOTICE wires.
For any type of leak (coolant, lube, or fuel) clean up
the fluid. If leaking is observed, find the source and • Inspect the ground strap for a good connection
correct the leak. If leaking is suspected, check the flu- and for good condition.
id levels more often than recommended until the leak
is found or fixed, or until the suspicion of a leak is • Inspect the ECM to the cylinder head ground strap
proved to be unwarranted. for a good connection and for good condition.
• Disconnect any battery chargers that are not
NOTICE protected against the current drain of the starting
Accumulated grease and/or oil on an engine or deck motor. Check the condition and the electrolyte
is a fire hazard. Remove this debris with steam clean- level of the batteries, unless the engine is
ing or high pressure water. equipped with a maintenance free battery.
• Check the condition of the gauges. Replace any

• Ensure that the cooling lines are properly clamped gauges that are cracked. Replace any gauge that
and that the cooling lines are tight. Check for cannot be calibrated.
leaks. Check the condition of all pipes.
• Inspect the water pumps for coolant leaks.

Note: The water pump seal is lubricated by coolant in
the cooling system. It is normal for a small amount of
leakage to occur as the engine cools down and the
parts contract.
M0098787 89
Warranty Section
Warranty Information
Warranty Section 3. New non-road diesel engines installed in

construction machines conforming to theSouth
Korean regulations for construction machines
Warranty Information manufactured after January 1, 2015, and operated
and serviced inSouth Korea, including all parts of
their emission control systems (“emission related
i07538673 components”), are:
Emissions Warranty a. Designed, built, and equipped so as to conform,
at the time of sale, with applicable emission
Information standards prescribed in the Enforcement Rule
of the Clean Air Conservation Act promulgated
by South Korea MOE.
The certifying engine manufacturer warrants to the
ultimate purchaser and each subsequent purchaser b. Free from defects in materials and
that: workmanship in emission-related components
1. New non-road diesel engines and stationary diesel that can cause the engine to fail to conform to
engines less than 10 L per cylinder (including Tier applicable emission standards for the warranty
1 and Tier 2 marine engines < 37 kW, but period.
excluding locomotive and other marine engines) For a detailed explanation of the Emission Control
operated and serviced in the United States and Warranty, contact your authorized Perkins dealer or
Canada, including all parts of their emission your authorized Perkins distributor.
control systems (“emission-related components”),
are:
a. Designed, built, and equipped so as to conform,
at the time of sale, with applicable emission
standards prescribed by the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) by way
of regulation.
b. Free from defects in materials and
workmanship in emission-related components
that can cause the engine to fail to conform to
applicable emission standards for the warranty
period.
2. New non-road diesel engines (including Tier 1 and
Tier 2 marine propulsion engines < 37 kW and Tier
1 through Tier 4 marine auxiliary engines < 37 kW,
but excluding locomotive and other marine
engines) operated and serviced in the state of
California, including all parts of their emission
control systems (“emission-related components”),
are:
a. Designed, built, and equipped so as to conform,
at the time of sale, to all applicable regulations
adopted by the California Air Resources Board
(ARB).
b. Free from defects in materials and
workmanship which cause the failure of an
emission-related component to be identical in
all material respects to the component as
described in the engine manufacturer's
application for certification for the warranty
period.
90 M0098787
Reference Information Section
Engine Ratings
Reference Information Table 15

Engine Rating Information
Section
Perform- Time at Rated Load(1)
Load Examples of
ance
Factor Any One Applications
Engine Ratings Rating Overall
Instance
Pipe line
i07306299 A 100% 100% n/a pumping
Ventilation
Engine Rating Conditions Irrigation pumps

Drilling
B 85% 75% n/a applications
Plant air
All engine ratings are based on“SAE J1349”. compressors
Ratings relate to the standard conditions of Fire pumps
“AS1501”, of “ISO3046/1”, of “DIN6271”, and of Chippers
“BS5514”. Less than1
C 70% 50% Rock crushers
hour
Portable air
The engine ratings are gross output ratings. compressors
Gross Output Ratings – The total output capability Snowblowers
of the engine that is equipped with standard Less than 30
D 50% 10% Cranes
accessories. minutes
Water well drills
Standby centrifu-
Standard accessories include the following Less than 15
E 35% 5% gal pumps
minutes
components: Oil well servicing
(1) Both the overall time at rated load and the time the engine is
• Oil pumps operated in any one instance must be considered.
• Fuel pumps
NOTICE
• Water pumps Operating engines above the rating definitions can
result in shorter service life before overhaul.
Subtract the power that is required to drive auxiliary
components from the gross output. This equation will
produce the net power that is available for the
external load (flywheel).
i07306304
Engine Rating Definitions
In selecting a rating for a specific application, the

most important consideration is the time that is spent
at full throttle. These rating definitions identify the
percent of time at full throttle. The definitions also
identify the corresponding times below rated rpm.
“Configuration Parameters” for information about the
rating for this engine.
Note: The examples of the applications are only for
reference. For an exact determination of the
appropriate rating, follow the OEM specifications or
consult your Perkins dealer.
M0098787 91
Customer Service
Customer Service
i07306259
Ordering Replacement Parts
When replacement parts are required for this

product Perkins recommends using Perkins re-
placement parts or parts with equivalent specifi-
cations including, but not limited to, physical
dimensions, type, strength, and material.
Failure to heed this warning can lead to prema-
ture failures, product damage, personal injury, or
death.
Quality Perkins replacement parts are available from

Perkins dealers throughout the world. Perkins
dealers parts inventories are up-to-date. The parts
stocks include all the parts that are normally needed
to protect your Perkins engine investment.
When you order parts, specify the following
information:
• Part number
• Part name
• Quantity
If there is a question concerning the part number,
provide your dealer with a complete description of the
needed item.
When a Perkins engine requires maintenance and/or
repair, provide the dealer with all the information that
is stamped on the Information Plate. This information
is described in this Operation and Maintenance
Manual (Product Information Section).
Discuss the problem with the dealer. Inform the
dealer about the conditions of the problem and the
nature of the problem. Inform the dealer about when
the problem occurs, this information will help the
dealer in troubleshooting the problem and solving the
problem faster.
92 M0098787
Reference Materials
Reference Materials Keep the following types of documents as proof of

maintenance for warranty. Also, keep these types of
documents as proof of repair for warranty:
i07306250
• Dealer work orders and itemized bills
Reference Material
• Owners repair costs
• Owners receipts
More literature regarding your product may be
purchased from your local Perkins dealer or by • Maintenance log
visiting www.Perkins.com. Use the product name,
sales model, and serial number to obtain the correct
information for your product.
i05204672
Maintenance Records
Perkins recommends the retention of accurate

maintenance records. Accurate maintenance records
can be used for the following purposes:
• Determine operating costs.
• Establish maintenance schedules for other

engines that are operated in the same
environment.
• Show compliance with the required maintenance
practices and maintenance intervals.
Maintenance records can be used for various other
business decisions that are related to engine
maintenance.
Maintenance records are a key element of a
maintenance program that is correctly managed.
Accurate maintenance records can help your Perkins
dealer to fine-tune the recommended maintenance
intervals in order to meet the specific operating
situation. This should result in a lower engine
operating cost.
Records should be kept for the following items:
Fuel Consumption – A record of fuel consumption is
essential in order to determine when the load
sensitive components should be inspected or
repaired. Fuel consumption also determines overhaul
intervals.
Service Hours – A record of service hours is
essential to determine when the speed sensitive
components should be inspected or repaired.
Documents – These items should be easy to obtain,
and these items should be kept in the engine history
file. All of the documents should show this
information: date, service hours, fuel consumption,
unit number and engine serial number. The following
types of documents should be kept as proof of
maintenance or repair for warranty:
M0098787 93
Index Section
Index
A Cooling System Supplemental Coolant
Additive (SCA) - Test/Add.............................. 71
Additional Messages ....................................... 10
Add the SCA, If Necessary .......................... 72
After Starting Engine ....................................... 39
Test for SCA Concentration ......................... 71
Extended Idle at Cold Ambient
Cooling System Water Temperature
Temperature............................................... 39
Regulator - Replace....................................... 72
After Stopping Engine ..................................... 41
Crushing Prevention and Cutting Prevention.. 16
Air Compressor - Check (If equipped)............. 64
Customer Service............................................ 91
Air Shutoff - Test .............................................. 64
Air Tank Moisture and Sediment - Drain (If
Equipped) ...................................................... 64 D
Diagnostic Lamp.............................................. 34
B Driven Equipment - Check .............................. 73
Battery - Recycle ............................................. 65
Battery - Replace............................................. 65 E
Battery Electrolyte Level - Check .................... 65 Electrical System............................................. 20
Battery or Battery Cable - Disconnect............. 66 Grounding Practices .................................... 20
Before Starting Engine .............................. 19, 36 Emissions Certification Film ............................ 27
Belts - Inspect/Adjust/Replace (Alternator Emissions Warranty Information ..................... 89
Belt) ............................................................... 66 Engaging the Driven Equipment ..................... 40
Inspect ......................................................... 67 Engine - Clean................................................. 73
Belts - Inspect/Adjust/Replace (Fan Belts) ..... 67 Engine Air Cleaner Element - Replace ........... 73
Inspect ......................................................... 67 Dual Element Air Cleaner ............................ 74
Burn Prevention............................................... 14 Servicing the Air Cleaner Element .............. 73
Batteries....................................................... 14 Engine Air Cleaner Service Indicator -
Coolant ........................................................ 14 Inspect (If Equipped) ..................................... 74
Diesel Fuel ................................................... 14 Test the Service Indicator ............................ 75
Oils............................................................... 14 Engine Diagnostics ......................................... 34
Engine Electronics........................................... 20
C Engine Mounts - Inspect.................................. 75
Engine Oil and Filter - Change ........................ 77
Cold Weather Operation ................................. 42
Drain the Engine Lubricating Oil.................. 78
Cold Weather Starting ..................................... 38
Fill the Oil Pan.............................................. 80
Ether Injection System (If Equipped)........... 38
Oil and Filter Change Intervals .................... 77
Configuration Parameters ............................... 35
Replace the Oil Filter ................................... 79
System Configuration Parameters .............. 35
Engine Oil Level - Check................................. 75
Control Panel (If Equipped)............................. 33
Engine Oil Sample - Obtain............................. 76
Cooling System Coolant (DEAC) - Change .... 68
Obtain the Sample and the Analysis ........... 76
Drain ............................................................ 68
Engine Operation ............................................ 40
Fill ................................................................ 69
Engine Operation with Active Diagnostic
Flush ............................................................ 68
Codes ............................................................ 34
Cooling System Coolant (ELC) - Change ....... 69
Engine Operation with Intermittent
Drain ............................................................ 70
Diagnostic Codes .......................................... 35
Fill ................................................................ 70
Engine Rating Conditions................................ 90
Flush ............................................................ 70
Engine Rating Definitions................................ 90
Cooling System Coolant Extender (ELC) -
Engine Ratings ................................................ 90
Add ................................................................ 71
Engine Starting.......................................... 19, 36
Cooling System Coolant Level - Check........... 71
Engine Stopping ........................................ 20, 41
94 M0098787
Index Section
Engine Valve Lash - Check ............................. 80 G

General Hazard Information.............................11
F Containing Fluid Spillage............................. 13
Fault Logging................................................... 34 Dispose of Waste Properly .......................... 14
Features and Controls..................................... 33 Fluid Penetration ......................................... 12
Fire Prevention and Explosion Prevention...... 15 Inhalation ..................................................... 13
Ether ............................................................ 16 Pressurized Air and Water........................... 12
Fire Extinguisher.......................................... 16 Static Electricity Hazard when Fueling with
Lines, Tubes, and Hoses ............................. 16 Ultra-low Sulfur Diesel Fuel ....................... 13
Fluid Recommendations ................................. 44 Grounding Stud - Inspect/Clean/Tighten......... 85
ELC Cooling System Maintenance.............. 46
General Coolant Information ....................... 44 H
Fluid Recommendations (Engine Oil
High Pressure Fuel Lines ................................ 17
Specification) ................................................. 57
Hoses and Clamps - Inspect/Replace............. 85
Engine Oil .................................................... 57
Fuel System................................................. 86
General Lubricant Information..................... 57
Replace the Hoses and the Clamps ............ 86
Fluid Recommendations (General Fuel
Information) ................................................... 48
Contamination Control Recommendations for I
Fuels .......................................................... 56 Important Safety Information............................. 2
Diesel Fuel Characteristics.......................... 50
Diesel Fuel Requirements ........................... 49
L
General Information..................................... 48
Renewable and Alternative Fuels................ 56 Lifting and Storage .......................................... 28
Foreword ........................................................... 4
California Proposition 65 Warning ................. 4 M
Literature Information .................................... 4
Maintenance .................................................. 4 Maintenance Interval Schedule....................... 63
Maintenance Intervals ................................... 5 Daily ............................................................. 63
Operation ....................................................... 4 Every 12 000 Service Hours or 6 Years....... 63
Overhaul ........................................................ 5 Every 2000 Service Hours........................... 63
Safety............................................................. 4 Every 250 Service Hours ............................. 63
Fuel and the Effect from Cold Weather ........... 42 Every 2500 Service Hours........................... 63
Fuel Conservation Practices ........................... 40 Every 3000 Service Hours or 3 Years ......... 63
Fuel Related Components in Cold Weather ... 42 Every 340 500 L (90 000 US gal) of Fuel .... 63
Fuel Heaters ................................................ 43 Every 4000 Service Hours........................... 63
Fuel Tanks ................................................... 42 Every 4000 Service Hours or 2 Years ......... 63
Fuel System - Prime ........................................ 81 Every 500 Service Hours ............................. 63
Key-on Priming (if equipped) ....................... 81 Every 6000 Service Hours or 3 Years ......... 63
Manual Switch Priming (if equipped)........... 81 Initial 500 Service Hours.............................. 63
Fuel System Primary Filter (Water When Required............................................ 63
Separator) Element - Replace....................... 81 Maintenance Recommendations .................... 60
Fuel System Primary Filter/Water Maintenance Records ..................................... 92
Separator - Drain ........................................... 82 Maintenance Section....................................... 44
Fuel System Secondary Filter - Replace ........ 83 Manual Stop Procedure .................................. 41
Fuel Tank Water and Sediment - Drain ........... 84 Emergency Stopping ................................... 41
Drain the Water and the Sediment .............. 84 Stopping the Engine .................................... 41
Fuel Storage Tanks...................................... 84 Model View Illustrations .................................. 22
Fuel Tank ..................................................... 84 Model Views .................................................... 22
Fumes Disposal Filter Element - Replace....... 84 Mounting and Dismounting ............................. 17
M0098787 95
Index Section
O Coolant System ........................................... 60

Engine Oil .................................................... 60
Operation Section............................................ 28
Fuel System................................................. 60
Ordering Replacement Parts........................... 91
Overhaul Considerations................................. 86
T
P Table of Contents .............................................. 3
Plate Locations and Film Locations ................ 26
Power Take-Off Clutch - Check....................... 87 W
Product Identification Information ................... 26 Walk-Around Inspection .................................. 88
Product Information Section............................ 22 Inspect the Engine for Leaks and for Loose
Product Lifting ................................................. 28 Connections ............................................... 88
Engine.......................................................... 29 Warranty Information....................................... 89
Engine and Installed Radiator Only............. 30 Warranty Section ............................................. 89
Radiator Only............................................... 30 Welding on Engines with Electronic
Product Storage .............................................. 30 Controls ......................................................... 60
Engine.......................................................... 30
R
Radiator - Clean .............................................. 87
Radiator Restrictions....................................... 42
Reference Information Section ....................... 90
Reference Material .......................................... 92
Reference Materials ........................................ 92
Refill Capacities............................................... 44
Coolant Refill Capacities ............................. 44
Lubricant Refill Capacities ........................... 44
S
Safety Messages............................................... 6
Hand High Pressure (4) ............................... 10
Hot Fluid Under Pressure (2)......................... 9
Hot Surface (3) ............................................ 10
Universal Warning (1) .................................... 9
Safety Section ................................................... 6
Self-Diagnostics .............................................. 34
Severe Service Application ............................. 61
Environmental Factors................................. 62
Incorrect Maintenance Procedures ............. 62
Incorrect Operating Procedures .................. 62
Starting Motor - Inspect ................................... 87
Starting the Engine.......................................... 36
Problems with the Wiring Harness .............. 38
Starting Problems ........................................ 37
Starting the Engine ...................................... 37
Starting with Jump Start Cables (Do Not
Use This Procedure in Hazardous
Locations that have Explosive
Atmospheres) ................................................ 38
System Pressure Release............................... 60
Product and Dealer Information
Note: For product identification plate locations, see the section “Product Identification Information” in the Operation
and Maintenance Manual.
Delivery Date:
Product Information
Model:
Product Identification Number:
Engine Serial Number:
Transmission Serial Number:
Generator Serial Number:
Attachment Serial Numbers:
Attachment Information:
Customer Equipment Number:
Dealer Equipment Number:
Dealer Information
Name: Branch:
Address:
Dealer Contact Phone Number Hours
Sales:
Parts:
Service:
M0098787
©2018 Perkins Engines Company Limited
All Rights Reserved
98 October 2018

Operation and Maintenance Manual: 1706A-E93TA and 1706D-E93TA Industrial Engines

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M0098787 (en-us)

The meaning of this safety alert symbol is as follows:

When replacement parts are required for this

Table of Contents Cold Weather Operation ................................. 42

Foreword ........................................................... 4 Maintenance Section

General Hazard Information.............................11 Warranty Section

Burn Prevention............................................... 14 Warranty Information....................................... 89

Fire Prevention and Explosion Prevention...... 15 Reference Information Section

Crushing Prevention and Cutting Prevention.. 16 Engine Ratings ................................................ 90

Mounting and Dismounting ............................. 17 Customer Service............................................ 91

High Pressure Fuel Lines ................................ 17 Reference Materials ........................................ 92

Before Starting Engine .................................... 19 Index Section

Engine Starting................................................ 19 Index................................................................ 93

Engine Stopping .............................................. 20

Product Information Section

Model Views .................................................... 22

Product Identification Information ................... 26

Lifting and Storage .......................................... 28

Features and Controls..................................... 33

Engine Diagnostics ......................................... 34

Engine Operation ............................................ 40

Engine Stopping .............................................. 41

Foreword Some photographs or illustrations in this manual

WARNING – This product can Safety

Wash hands after handling components Maintenance

The maintenance schedule items are organized for a

There may be several specific safety messages on

Hot Fluid Under Pressure (2)

Do not operate or work on this equipment unless

Pressurized system! Hot coolant can cause seri-

Hot Surface (3) i07536281

There are several specific messages on this engine.

Hand High Pressure (4)

This notice should be located on the alternator guard.

Contact with high pressure fuel may cause fluid

i07291391 • Report all necessary repairs.

• Engage the secondary brakes or parking brakes.

• Use all cleaning solutions with care. • Filler caps

• Grease fittings • Do not attempt any repairs that are not

• Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry that can

• Ensure that all protective guards and all covers

• Report all necessary repairs.

• The engine is stopped. Ensure that the engine

• Disconnect the batteries when maintenance is

Avoid static electricity risk when fueling. Ultra-

Always use a board or cardboard when you check for

Containing Fluid Spillage

• Never use compressed air for cleaning.

• A vacuum cleaner that is equipped with a high

Avoid static electricity risk when fueling. Ultra-low Fire Extinguisher

Lines, Tubes, and Hoses

Crushing Prevention and

Support the component correctly when work beneath

Unless other maintenance instructions are provided,

Mounting and Dismounting

Do not climb on the engine. The engine has not been

High Pressure Fuel Lines