BC190403104

NadiaYousuf

B.ED Elementary 2.5

years
Assignment 1:

Q1: Why we are studying the subject “Arts, crafts and calligraphy”? Give at least four
reasons to support your answer?

Arts, crafts and calligraphy

Art, in its broadest sense, is a form of communication. It means whatever the artist intends it to
mean, and this meaning is shaped by the materials, techniques, and forms it makes use of, as
well as the ideas and feelings it creates in its viewers. Art is an act of expressing feelings,
thoughts, and observations.
The expression or application of human creative skill and imagination, typically in a visual form
such as painting or sculpture, producing works to be appreciated primarily for their beauty or
emotional power.

Components supporting Arts:

 Expression
 Way of expression
 Style of expression.

The definition of art has evolved over time and varies based on context; anything can be made
into art, and the term continues to evolve. Art gives us the ability to express ourselves.
Through that expression, we communicate by drawing on our own unique emotions, thoughts,
and experiences. When you see and study another's art, you're seeing the world through their
eyes. When you create, you're letting the world see through yours.

Reason to support study of Art:

1. Arts improve academic performance. Students engaged in arts learning have higher

GPAs, standardized test scores, and college-going rates as well as lower drop-out
rates. These academic benefits are reaped by students across all socio-economic
strata. Yet, the Department of Education reports that access to arts education for
students of color is significantly lower than for their white peers. 91% of
Americans believe that arts are part of a well-rounded K-12 education.
2. Arts spark creativity and innovation. Creativity is among the top five applied skills sought
by business leaders—per the Conference Board’s Ready to Innovate report—with 72%
saying creativity is of “high importance” when hiring. Research on creativity shows that
 Nobel laureates in the sciences are 17 times more likely to be actively engaged as
an arts maker than other scientists.
3. Arts have social impact. University of Pennsylvania researchers have demonstrated that
a high concentration of the arts in a city leads to higher civic engagement, more social
cohesion, higher child welfare, and lower poverty rates.         
4. Arts improve healthcare. Nearly one-half of the nation’s healthcare institutions provide arts
programming for patients, families, and even staff. 78% deliver these programs because of their
healing benefits to patients—shorter hospital stays, better pain management, and less medication.
5. Arts for the health and well-being of our military. The arts heal the mental, physical, and
moral injuries of war for military service members and Veterans, who rank the creative
arts therapies in the top four (out of 40) interventions and treatments. Across the military
continuum, the arts promote resilience during pre-deployment, deployment, and the
reintegration of military service members, Veterans, their families, and caregivers into
communities.
6. Arts Strengthen Mental Health. The arts are an effective resource in reducing depression
and anxiety and increasing life satisfaction. Just 30 minutes of active arts activities daily
can combat the ill effects of isolation and loneliness associated with COVID-19.

Definition of crafts:

It is an activity involving the skill of making things by hand. Craft is a form of making that
generally produces an object that has a function such as something we can wear, or eat or
drink from.

Reasons to support study of craft:

 Craft improves their coordination and fine motor skills.

 Craft helps them express themselves.

 It makes them more creative and productive.

 Craft helps them develop other skills.

Calligraphy:

Calligraphy is a visual art related to writing. It is the design and execution of lettering with a
pen, ink brush, or another writing instrument. A contemporary calligraphic practice can be
defined as the art of giving form to signs in an expressive and skillful manner.
Reasons to support study of calligraphy:

1. Calligraphy is meditative and relaxing.

2. It helps to develop fine motor skills and memory retention.

3. It helps us to make sense of our thoughts.

4. It Increase productivity and creativeness

Question 2:
Enlist the names of Persons from Pakistan that provide services in the field of “Arts, crafts and
calligraphy”? Write at least services of four such persons?

Personalities of Pakistan that provide services in the field of art, crafts, and Calligraphy

Here are some names of reputed names in the field of ART.

Syed Sadequain Naqvi:

Syed Sadequain Ahmed Naqvi was one of the first Pakistani artists to
gain international recognition, embarking on his notable career with an
award from the Biennale de Paris in 1961. The artist was born in
Amroha, India, descending from a family of Qur’an scribes and is
recognized as the foremost calligrapher and painter of Pakistan,
responsible for the renaissance of Islamic calligraphy in the country
since the late 1960s and bringing the art form into the mainstream.

In the late 1940s, Sadequain joined the Progressive Writers and Artists
Movement and through his career, produced works of thematic content
reflected by his commitment to social justice, and the progressive ideals of his peers of writers
and poets. On the eve of Partition, Sadequain painted anti-British, nationalistic slogans in Dehli
and such politically charged works gained the artist a wider, responsive audience both abroad
and in Pakistan among the 1960s intelligentsia.
Sadequain's unique visual vocabulary stemmed from the complex merging of Eastern
(calligraphy) and Western (figurative) traditions in art, alongside Hindu and Muslim ideology.
Sweeps of a calligraphic brush are echoed in the artist's flamboyant approach to painting
figures but his forms and themes are mostly biographical. Contortions to figurative style arose
from his observation of wild, defiant cacti growing against the odds in the deserts of Gadani
(Karachi) which left an indelible impression on the artist and his work. Colors used are
simplistic, yet provide strong structural elements through Sadequain's contrast of etched
strokes.

Services of Sadequain:
1) He was the person who introduced the best calligraphy and art all over Pakistan.

2) He became the main source of introducing Islamic calligraphy all around the world.
3) He presented his thinking or ideas through the murals.

4) The notable thing in his work was that he did not follow the traditional concept of that
time regarding calligraphy and generated his own style of the script of work.

Anwar Shemza

Anwar Jalal Shemza (1928–85) moved to London in 1956, leaving an

established career as a writer and painter in Lahore, Pakistan. In
Britain Shemza abandoned his illustrative and figurative approach and
developed vigorous compositions that fused calligraphy and aspects of
Islamic architecture with Western abstraction. He repeatedly revisited
subjects, including the walls and gates of Lahore, the Arabic letter
‘Meem’, and plant roots. His last series of work directly related to
notions of belonging in the Pakistani diaspora."*

Achievements of Anwar Shemza:

1) He introduced different styles and methods of art.

2) He established a commercial art studio in Lahore and studied the students.

3) He obtained a scholarship from the British council and introduced Pakistan calligraphy
all over the world.

4) He quickly became a leading figure in Pakistan's cultural life and he depicted these
aspects in his art and calligraphy.

Abdur Rahman Chughtai

Abdur Rahman Chughtai was a painter and intellectual from Pakistan, who
created his own unique, distinctive painting style influenced by Mughal art,
miniature painting, Art Nouveau and Islamic art traditions. He is considered 'the
first significant modern Muslim artist from South Asia'[1], and the national artist of
Pakistan. He was given the title of Khan Bahadur in 1934, awarded Pakistan's Hilal Imtiaz in 1960, and
the Presidential medal for Pride of Performance in 1968.
Achievements of Abdur Rahman Chughtai

In his sixty years of artistic creation, Chughtai produced nearly 2000 watercolours, thousands of pencil
sketches, and nearly 300 etchings and aquatints. He also wrote short stories, and articles on art. He
designed stamps, coins, insignia and book covers. He was also an avid collector of miniatures and
other art. He published three books of his own work: the Muraqqai-i-Chughtai (1928), Naqsh-i-Chughtai
(c. 1935) and Chughtai's Paintings (1940). The Muraqqa-i-Chughtai was a sumptuously illustrated
edition of Mirza Ghalib's Urdu poetry, with a foreword by Sir Muhammad Iqbal. It is regarded as the
most significant work of Chughtai's career and in its time, was considered the finest achievement in
book production in the country.

Chughtai has extensively showcased his work worldwide. Numerous works of his are held in private
and public collections all over the world.

Jamil Naqsh

Born in Kairana, UP, in 1939, Jamil Naqsh grew up in a home where

artists, writers, poets, musicians, zamindars and politicians often
gathered. His father, a zamindar, wrote books on topics including tib
and nafsiyat and illustrated his work in the miniature style. This
stimulating environment left an indelible mark on the mind of the young
Jamil Naqsh, and encouraged to paint, he soon chose his vocation.

A simple man at heart, Jamil Naqsh lives surrounded by plants and

greenery, birds and other pets, paintings and artefacts. A very eastern
man, Jamil Naqsh never lost sight of his roots. Sitting on the floor,
recounting anecdotes, and relating experiences of his childhood, he is a sensitive man totally
absorbed in his work, and yet completely aware of all that is happening in the world of today.
Bridging both worlds with no seeming contradiction, he is both a modern expressionist and a
traditional miniaturist.

Retiring by nature, Jamil Naqsh found that balancing the demands and pressures of society,
and his work, upset his equilibrium, and detracted from his lifeline — his art.

He has risen above the dilemma, and made a fundamental decision: painting at times for upto
18 hours a day, Jamil Naqsh has chosen his work. This decision has earned him the reputation
of being a recluse — but, recluse or not, he has acquired an important niche in the sphere of
art today.
Painting for the past 38 years, Jamil Naqsh has handled a vast variety of themes including land
and seascapes. Later, over thp years, he gravitated towards his four preferred themes: prajna
paramita, horses, nudes and pigeons. As with most artists, Jamil Naqsh faced by his mortality,
sought to leave a mark on posterity by bequeathing to it all that he loves and finds beautiful.
So, by ‘capturing’ beauty, and making it his partner through life and the after-life, he has
transcended his mortality and finiteness. Being a romantic, he was greatly influenced by the
story of the love-stricken Sadhu, who unable to possess the object of his-devotion and love,
immortalized her by modeling her as his goddess and taking her away to Tibet with him. Only
by making her his ‘devi’ was he able to break free of man-made barriers and restrictions, and
possess her for all time. So, too Jamil Naqsh strives to ‘possess’ all that he finds beautiful, and
immortalizes what he loves

Achievements of Jamil Naqsh:

He introduced a new style of paintings like he mostly painted pigeons.
He introduced a solo exhibition in Pakistan.
His art and calligraphic style maintained the basic elements of art.
He introduced modern style with unique and bold brush strokes.