WORK INSTRUCTIONS

FOR
PLASTERING
1. The type of plaster, number of coats, thickness required and cement mortar proportion
shall be as per specifications.

2. Ensure to water the brick wall properly before start of plastering.

3. Ensure that the measurement box is ready for usage prior to start of work shall be
done.

4. Deep and close hacking of the R.C.C. surface for purpose of plastering must be done.

5. Chicken mesh at brick wall and R.C.C. member must be provided.

6. Select suitable sand for different type of plasters.

7. Ensure that proper dry mixing of cement and sand is done on impervious platform.

8. Holes provided for scaffolding while executing brickwork must be plugged or double
scaffolding must be used.

9. Level marking must be done in advance (plaster thiya). Supervise line, level and
plumb from time to time before plaster starts setting.

10. All the necessary tools required for execution of work must be available with the
mason.

11. Watch the plaster line, level and plumb. Chip off concrete surface before starting
plaster and provide suitable groove.

12. Gaps around door and window frames must be filled properly.

13. Check the base coat of plaster prior to application of finishing coat of neeru, sagol or
cement.

14. While executing final coat of sand faced plaster or aggregate plaster due care must be
taken as to where the joints are to be provided at the end of day’s work.

Calibrated instruments : Measuring tape and levelling instruments

Records : Measurement book

 WORK -INSTRUCTIONS FOR FLOORING
1. Scrapping cleaning and washing of the surface should be done before starting the activity
2. Panel size and panel layout shall be first frozen on plan. No panel dimension to exceed
2.0 m.
3. Dividing strips of PVC/Glass/MS shall be fixed as per the panel layout to correct line and
level. Top of the strip must match with the required slope and finished floor level. Strip
fixing can be done with mortar at least one day in advance.
4. At the wall and floor junction suitable size of skirting with at least 4” wide floor IPS residue
strip to be planned.
5. Casting of the IPS panels shall be done in chequered sequence only. Diagonally opposite
panels shall be castted on first day and other panels on next day.
6. Base coarse concrete of given thickness shall be finished rough in first stage. Top 10 to 12 mm
thick second layer concrete needs a richer mix with zero fines. (i.e. rich mix as specified
with only 6mm aggregate, cement and hardener if recommended. No sand to be used.)
7. W/C ratio to be controlled in top layer to achieve manual trovelling. Cement slurry and excess
water floats on the surface, which dried off with continuous trovelling within 3 to 4
hours. But in no case dry cement spraying should be allowed. Masons have to continue
trovelling till surface hardens on its own and top finish is achieved.
8. Masons have to patch up the depressions in the panels, if any, during finishing operation. Also
ensure edges and corners are properly finished.
9. Normal curing by ponding water, sprinkling water is done for 7 days.

TREMIX FLOORING
1. Initial suitable layout of construction joints and isolation joints shall be decided prior to start
of Tremix flooring.
2. The surface of the guide channels (on which the surface vibrator is supported), shall be
cleaned from concrete. Align the guide channels to true required level. Panel casting
layout shall be strictly followed as per step 1.
3. Concrete shall be placed and distributed evenly and as near the final level as possible.
4. Concrete will be vibrated with an immersion vibrator in front of screed vibrator. Heaping of
concrete in front of screed vibrator will be avoided.
5. Ensure that the areas close to channels and stop ends are carefully vibrated. Ensure not
distribute the concrete with the poker vibrator as it would create a risk of over vibration
and segregation.
6. Surface vibration should start as soon as there is enough concrete in front of the screed
vibrator. Screed Vibrator is to be pulled from both ends.
7. The filter pads as soon as the sufficient concrete surface is vibrated. Vacuum dewatering
process must start within 30 minutes from the time of start of concrete pouring.
8. The filter pads are placed in such a way that there is atleast 100 mm (4”) fresh concrete visible
around the filter pads on all four sides. Filter pads should be overlapped with each other
by atleast 250 mm (10”).
9. Suction pad must be rolled open over the filter pads and dewatering must then start. Extent of
dewatering is related to thickness of floor concrete i.e. Average 4 min. per inch thickness
OR physical check of dewatered surface which should not give foot print while walking
to be seen. Excess/less dewatering not advisable.
10.While repeating dewatering process subsequently, suction pad must be rolled out atleast 300
mm over the vacuum dewatered area. Before spreading the suction pad on dewatered
area, it is essential to give one pass of skimfloater (with the disc) along the edge of the
dewatered concrete.
11.The central pipe of the suction pad shall the suction house, which in turn shall be connected to
the vacuum pump. When the pump is started, vacuum will be created between the top
cover and filter pads. Excess water from the concrete will be taken into the vacuum pump
tank and discharged through a pipe away from fresh panel.
12.After Vacuum Dewatering, scrapping operation shall be made diagonally in two directions
over the concrete surface.
13.The concrete, which is collected during scrapping, shall be used for adjusting small surface
irregularities of the vacuum treated surface.
14.Floating with the skim floater attached with a disc should do the first finishing operation.
15.The second finishing operation shall be trowelling with skimfloater attached with the
trowelling blades. Normally, trowelling is to be continued till the smooth surface finish is
achieved without floater marks.
16.Curing can be done by ponding, covering with plastic sheets or gunny bags. Curing must be
done for atleast 7 days.
17.Groove cutting for construction joints or isolation joints shall follow the sequence of tremix
flooring without much time lapse.
18.Groove filling can be done with any elastomeric material subsequently. Groove cleaning and
drying needs to be ensured.

Polished Kota Stone flooring ( P.K.S.)

1. Polished Kota stone shall be selected from good quarry (source) where stone available is
uniform in shade, hard and homogenous in texture, lamination. Stone shall be machine
polished at source and of required size and thickness.
2. FARMA shall be in true size and right angle (with zero tolerance) and should be
approved by the engineer.

1. Average out the sizes, from the supply and make suitable FARMA. For getting maximum size
and for rationalisation of sizes to atleast 3 FARMAS to be decided jointly with the
mason.
3. Hand dressing OR machine cutting of the edges shall be planned as per the requirement.
Hand dressed stones shall be grinded in suitable channel with fine sand paper for
obtaining sharp, straight edges.
5. Initial check shall be done for color shade by washing the surface in yard itself, to be
followed by stack the finished stone with atleast 3 different marks I/II/III. While laying
due care should be taken to use assorted stones in different rooms. By this way color
variation shall be adjusted room/area wise.
6 All broken edges/corner stones to be suitably used.
7. Area shall be scrapped/cleaned/washed before starting the mortar bedding, after
finalizing flooring pattern.
8. Preparation of mortar to the required proportion is essential.
The thiayas shall be made to required level and slope well in advance. Laying of mortar
to suitable thickness keeping reference thiayas in line dori shall be supervised from time
to time.
9. Neat cement paste shall be spread over mortar bedding and around the edges of the stone.
Then the stone shall be fixed close to the previous stone and shall have a hairline joint.
Stone surface shall be pressed/tapped gently with the wooden mallets till the stone is in
true line and level. Cement paste at the edges will try to come out from joints, which
should be scrapped off. Again joints shall be filled up with neat cement paste to fill up the
gaps and surplus mortar removed. Suitable color pigment to be used for joint sealing to
match with the stone color.

10. Flooring shall continue atleast 10mm inside the wall plaster line.
11. Any irregularities (othas) due to natural bends in stones should be restricted to 2mm at
joints.
12. Curing of floor shall be carried out for 7 days by sprinkling water or by wetting.

13. Polishing activity to follow only after adequate curing the sequence of polishing will be as
under
(a) 1st cut with rough emery stone - 80 No. to polishing m./c (heavy) which should
even out all irregularities (othas) plus OR minus . Normal cut of 2mm is
achieved with this emery.
Floor shall be washed and ragada is removed to check the joints. All joints shall
be regrouted with cement paste. Setting shall be allowed for atleast 2 days.
(b) 2nd and 3rd cut with finer emery stone.- 120/220 no. Joint qrouting shall be
attended for every cut of polishing, Normally 1mm cut is achieved.
Surface is fairly in level and without any scratch or chakkar lines of the
machining.
(c) Final light coat of polishing shall be done with masala (Oxalic Acid) to achieve
the scratchless finished surface. Light polishing coat shall continue till the
acceptable result is achieved.

Marble /Granite flooring

1. Marble / granite stone shall be selected from good quarry (surface) where stone available
is uniform in shade, hard and homogenous in texture, with less lamination.
2. FARMA shall be in true size, the engineer should approve right angle with zero tolerance
area. Marble/granite stone slabs are machine cut at the edges for required size.
3. Marble / granite stone slabs are machine cut at the edges for required size. (No hand
dressing).
4. Initial check for color shade shall be done by washing the surface in yard itself to be
followed and stock the finished stone with atleast 3 different mark I/II/III. While laying
due care should be taken to use assorted stones in different rooms. By this way color
variation is adjusted room/area wise.
5. All broken edges/corner stones to be suitably used.
6. Area shall be scrapped/cleaned/washed before starting the mortar bedding. The flooring
pattern shall be finalised. Preparation of mortar to the required proportion is essential.
The thiayas to required level and slope well in advance.
7. Preparation of mortar to the required proportion with min. water is the first step.
Make the thiayas to required level and slope well in advance. Laying of mortar to suitable
thickness keeping reference thiyas in line dori to be supervised from time to time.
8. Neat cement paste shall be spreaded over mortar bedding and around the edges of the
stone. Then the stone shall be fixed close to the previous. Stone shall have a hair line
joint. Stone surface shall be pressed tapped gently with the wooden mallets till the stone
is in true line and level. Cement paste of the edges will try to come out from joints which
should be strapped off. Again joints shall be filled up with neat cement paste to fill up the
gaps and surplus mortar shall be removed.
9. Flooring to continue atleast 10mm inside the wall plaster line.
10. Any other due to natural bends in stones should be restricted to 2mm at joints.
11. Curing of flooring for 7 days by sprinkling water or by wetting.
12. Polishing activity to follow only after adequate curing. The Sequence will be as under.
(a) 1st cut of rough emery stone 80 No to polishing m./c (heavy) which should even
out all irregularities (othas) plus OR minus . Normal cut of 2mm is achieved with
this emery. Floor shall be washed and ragada shall be removed to check the
joints. All joints to be regrouted with cement paste. Setting shall be allow for
atleast 2 days.

(b) 2nd Mosaic tiles flooring and 3rd cut with finer emery stone. 120/220 no. Joint
qrouting shall be attended for every cut of polishing, Normally 1mm cut is
achieved. Surface should now be fairly in level and without any scratch or
chakkar lines of the machining.

(c) Final light coat of polishing to be done with masala (Oxalic Acid) to get the
scratchless finished surface, Light-polishing coat can continue till the acceptable
result is achieved.

Mosaic Tiles flooring

1. Mosaic tiles are factory made, hydraulically pressed, hence laying of tiles in any pattern starts
immediately after mortar bedding is ready to receive tiles.
2. Selection / approval of the tile sample is prerequire.
3. Normally tile size, thickness, colour, and chip size are the parameters for selection. Reliable
vendor manufacturer only to be ordered who can guarantee the final result as per the sample
approved.
4. Area must be scrapped/cleaned/washed before starting the mortar bedding, conclude the
flooring pattern.
5. Preparation of mortar shall be as per the required proportion. The thiayas shall be made to
required level and slope well in advance. Laying of mortar to suitable thickness keeping
reference thiyas in line dori to be supervised from time to time.
6. Flooring to continue atleast 10mm inside the wall plaster line.

7. Any other undulations due to natural bends in stones should be restricted to 2mm at joints.

8. Curing of flooring for 7 days by sprinkling water or by wetting.

9. Polishing activity to follow only after adequate curing. Sequence of polishing will remain
same as for marble granite flooring:
(a) 1st cut of rough emery stone 80 No to polishing m./c (heavy) which should even
out all irregularities (othas) plus OR minus . Normal cut of 2mm is achieved with
this emery.

Floor is washed and ragada is removed to check the joints. All joints to be
regrouted with cement paste. Allow to set for atleast 2 days.

(b) 2nd and 3rd cut with finer emery stone. 120/220 no. Joint qrouting to be attended
for every cut of polishing, Normally 1mm cut is achieved.
Now surface is fairly in level and without any scratch or chakkar lines of the
machining.

(b) Final light coat of polishing to be done with masala (Oxalic Acid) to get the
scratch less finished surface, (No waxing to be done for shining.) Light polishing
coat can continue till the acceptable result is achieved.

Ceramic / Glazed / Granamite tiles

1. Plaster must be in true line, level plumb and right angle. Roughening plaster must be carried
out.

2. Line marking shall be done on plastered surface as per the given pattern; it requires skill for
adjustment of residues.

3. These tiles can be fixed in dado / floor which do not need any polishing. All concealed works
have to be completed and tested before starting the tile work.

4. Tiles shall be fixed with neat cement paste and fixed with wooden mallate in such a way that
cement paste is uniformly spread on the back of the tile.

5. At the end of the days work, all joints are to be sealed with suitable coloured / white cement
neatly and excess paste is to be wiped off.

6. Right angle corners needs tani joint very skillfully done to give straight edge. Tile cutting,
grinding requires a special tool. Ensure that the tools are in good condition before use.

7. Curing is required for few days.

WORK INSTRUCTIONS FOR MASONRY

[A] BRICK WORK :
1. Ensure to have information regarding specifications of cement mortar.
2. Soak the bricks before starting the brick work.
3. Mixing of mortar must be done properly and thoroughly with specified proportion of
ingredients on an impervious platform.
4. Keep the frog up, while placing the brick.
5. Fill the joints between the bricks properly. Ensure to carry out "RADO" at every 4th
layer. Supervise line, level and plumb from time to time during the day’s
progress.
6. The joints must be raked to an average depth of 10 mm when mortar is green. If
plaster or pointing is not to be done, the joints should be struck flush.
7. Proper hacking of RCC surface in contact with brick masonry must be done for
proper bond.
8. Courses must be truly horizontal with suitable bond pattern to break the vertical
joints.
9. English bond is preferable.
10. Suitable toothing or grooves or stepping to be provided for continuation of brickwork.
11. Thickness of joint must be uniform and not more than 13mm.
12. Specified cement mortar must be placed within 30 minutes after addition of water.
13. Bricks on edge must not be used unless specified.
14. Disallow vertical joint filling by spreading mortar.
15. Masonry may be raised up to 150 cm in a day. Raising with all connected brick work
be carried out at one level.
16. For 200 mm thick wall, maintain one face in line. This face can be preplanned to take
all kinds of single coat plasters. For higher thickness walls both faces should be in
line.
17. First mark up layer of brickwork needs to be laid in direct supervision for door /
window / any other openings to be kept accurately as per the drawings or layout.
17. The buttress, counter-forts should be built simultaneously, maintaining proper bond
with main wall and not added after wards.

18. Curing must be done for at least seven days or as laid down in specification.

19. Old or dry surface must be thoroughly cleaned and wetted. The joints should be raked
before starting new construction.
[B] RANDOM RUBBLE MASONRY:
1. Rubble must be as per specification. It must be hard, durable and tough. The stones
must be soaked before use. It must be roughly dressed and uniformly coloured
and of equal size.

2. The masonry work will be carried out as far as possible at one uniform level
throughout, but where breaks are unavoidable the joint will be made in good long
steps so as to prevent cracks between old and new work.

3. Through stones must be staggered at regular intervals in staggered manner.

4. The stones must be arranged to break joints as much as possible and long vertical
lines must be avoided in face work.

5. Spawls are to be used wherever necessary to avoid thick mortar beds for joints and
shall not exceed 20 per cent.

6. The wooden mallet must be used to hammer down stone in the position and solidly
bed it in the mortar.

7. Iron templates are to be used to compact the mortar in joints.

Calibrated instruments : Measuring tape and leveling instruments

Records : Measurement book