Chapter 3

Getting start with python

programming language
using wing ide personal 6.1
 Example of Simple Calculator Program using Python
Language

# This program is to make a simple calculator comment

print (“Additional Calculator of Two Input Number")

print ("")
Display
prompt
num1 = float (input("Enter first number: ")) Gathering input
num2 = float (input("Enter second number: ")) prompt
sum=num1+num2 Process statement
print (num1, "+", num2, "=", sum) Displaying output
os.system ("PAUSE")

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Wing IDE Personal 6.1 Inteface

Run
button
Write your code here

Your program execute here

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The print Object
• Displaying/Prompting command for input gathering and displaying
output.

• Prompting display statement is so easy using Python

print (“Hello World”)

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The print Object
• This produces multiple line of output:

print (“I am ”)
print (“Iron Man”)

I am
Iron Man

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The print Object
• Another way of producing multiple-line text using \n

print (“I am\nIron Man ”)

I am
Iron Man

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The output Object
• This produces single line of output

print (“I am ”)print (“Iron Man”)

I am Iron Man

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The output Object

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Variables and Literals
Variables
• Variable: a storage location in memory

• Has a name and a type of data it can hold

• Python allow programmer use variable without declaring
it.
• Can directly assigned/initialized any value into those
variables.
• Automatically select appropriate data type according to
the value.

num1 = 10 Variable automatically assigned as int data type

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Variables and Literals
Variables

Way of declaring variable

while asking for input.
Variable num1 assigned to
hold float data type

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Variables and Literals
Literals
• Literal: a value that is written into a program’s code.

"hello, there" (string literal)

12 (integer literal)

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 Variables and Literals
Literals

15 is an integer literal

This is a string literal

Output Display

Total number of green apple is 15

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Identifiers
• An identifier is a programmer-defined name for some part of a
program: variables, functions, etc.
• You cannot use any of the C++ key words as an
identifier. These words have reserved meaning.

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Variable Names
• A variable name should represent the purpose of the variable. For
example:

itemsOrdered

The purpose of this variable is to hold the number of items ordered.

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Identifier Rules
•The first character of an identifier must be an
alphabetic character or and underscore ( _ ),
•After the first character you may use
alphabetic characters, numbers, or underscore
characters.
•Upper- and lowercase characters are distinct

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Rules of naming variables

Explanation Example
Variable name should START
either with letter of underscore. score, _number
Cannot start with number.
The reminding character CAN
consist of letters, numbers and total_sales, marks1
underscore.
Should NOT made of reserved and (reserved word),
words and contain any symbols. password& (contain symbol)
May NOT contain spaces of total sales (not valid since has
naming variable names. space between total & sales)
Names are CASE SENSITIVE with totalsales is not same with
uppercase and lowercase. Totalsales
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 Valid and Invalid Identifiers
IDENTIFIER VALID? REASON IF INVALID

totalSales Yes

total_Sales Yes

total.Sales No Cannot contain .

4thQtrSales No Cannot begin with digit

totalSale$ No Cannot contain $

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Data Types
Numeric Data Type Character Data Type
int string (str)
float
long Bool Data Types
complex True
False

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Numeric Data Type - int

• Plain integers of positive or negative whole numbers

• E.g. : 10, -10
• Assign for suitable variable application, such as number of student
(num_student), number of car (num_car) and etc.

num_student = int (input(“Enter number of student =“)

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Numeric Data Type - long

• Long integer with infinite size

• Similar with int, except the are followed by letter “L”
• E.g. : 10L, -10L

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Numeric Data Type - float

• Represent real numbers.

• E.g.
12.45 -3.8

• Stored in a form similar to scientific notation (6.022e23)

• All floating-point numbers are signed

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Numeric Data Type - complex

• Use to represent complex number

• Represent by formula a+bi, where a and b are floats, while
i is the  1
• E.g. : 10+28i

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Character Data Type - str

state = str (input("Enter State: "))

print (“State is: ", state)

state = “Singapore”
print (state)

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bool Data Type
•Represents values that are true or false
•bool variables are stored as small integers
•false is represented by 0, true by 1:
bool allDone = true;
bool finished = false; allDone finished
1 0

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Variable Assignments
• An assignment statement uses the = operator to
store a value in a variable.
item = 12;
• This statement assigns the value 12 to the item
variable.
• The variable receiving the value must appear on
the left side of the = operator.
• This will NOT work:
// ERROR!
12 = item;
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Variable Initialization
•To initialize a variable means to assign it a
value and automatically defined with
appropriate data type

length = 12; #Integer data types

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Multiple Variable Assignment in the Same
Line

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Arithmetic Operators

•Used for performing numeric calculations

•C++ has unary, binary, and ternary operators:
• unary (1 operand) -5
• binary (2 operands) 13 - 7
• ternary (3 operands) exp1 ? exp2 : exp3

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 Binary Arithmetic Operators
SYMBOL OPERATION EXAMPLE VALUE OF
ans
+ addition ans = 7 + 3; 10

- subtraction ans = 7 - 3; 4

* multiplication ans = 7 * 3; 21

/ division ans = 7 / 3; 2

% modulus ans = 7 % 3; 1

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A Closer Look at the / Operator

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Program Documentation / Comments

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Program to calculate area of rectangular

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And now??

•Add on the program to

calculate perimeter.

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Let’s go for extra miles!
Change to calculate the width
required for an area of rectangular
Hint: ask the area and length
required from user.

Area = length*width

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Tutorial
write a program to calculate area and moment of
inertia for all these shape in one program

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