Important information

Serious risk of injury

When work is being carried out on the engine such as adjusting drive belts, changing oil or adjusting the
clutch, it is important not to start the engine. The engine may be damaged but above all there is a serious
risk of injury.
For this reason, always secure the starting device or disconnect a battery cable before working on the engine.
This is especially important if the engine has a remote starter or automatic starting.

WARNING!

This warning symbol and text can be found next to those inspection points where it is particularly important
to think about the risk of injury.

Operator's manual
D9
XPI
Industrial engine
en-GB 2001740
Issue 1.0

Commissioning Report - Warranty

When the commissioning report has been filled in and sent to Scania, you have a 1-year warranty from the
date of commissioning. Fill in the particulars below as well as this can make things easier if you need to
contact a workshop for example.

Engine number
Date of commissioning
User's name and address

Signature
Engine type
Variant

Engine type and variant are indicated on the engine type plate
Foreword
This operator's manual describes the operation and inspection of
Scania industrial engines.
The engines are direct-injection, liquid-cooled, four-stroke, tur-
bocharged diesel engines. Certain engines are also equipped with
an SCR system for emission control.
The engines are available with different output and speed set-
tings. The normal output setting of the engine (performance
code) is indicated on the engine type plate.

Note:
Only standard components are described in the Operator's Man-
ual. Information about special equipment is contained in instruc-
tions from the various manufacturers.
To ensure the maximum performance and the longest service life
for the engine remember the following:
• Read through the Operator's manual before starting to use the
engine. Even regular users of Scania engines will get new in-
formation from the Operator's manual.
• Always follow the inspection instructions.
• Read the section on safety carefully.
• Get to know your engine so that you know what it can do and
how it works.
• Always contact an authorised Scania workshop.
The information in this manual was correct at the time of going
to press. Scania reserves the right to make alterations without pri-
or notice.
Note:
Always use Scania spare parts for inspection and repair.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Preservative coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Environment and safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Preservative fuel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Environmental responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Preservative oil. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Preparations for storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Warnings and notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 General data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
Type designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Lubrication system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
Starting and running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Injection system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Checks before running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Cooling system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Starting the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Intake system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Electrical systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Engine stop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Diesel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Checks after running . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Composition of the fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Fuel with a higher sulphur content than the
Engines with few hours of operation . . . . . . 27 standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
Cleaning the engine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Temperature dependency of the fuel . . . . . . .67
Inspection interval. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Scania Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
Lubrication system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Oil grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Oil analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Checking oil level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Changing the oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Cleaning the centrifugal oil cleaner . . . . . . . 32
Renewing the oil filter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Checking coolant level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Checking the antifreeze level . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Changing coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Cleaning the cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Reading the vacuum indicator. . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Cleaning or renewal of the filter element . . . 46
Renewing the safety cartridge. . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Fuel system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
General information on the XPI fuel system 48
Checking fuel level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Renewing the fuel filter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Bleeding the fuel system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Electrical system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
General information on batteries. . . . . . . . . . 51
Checking the electrolyte level in batteries . . 52
Checking state of charge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Cleaning the batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Renewing the battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Checking the coolant level monitor . . . . . . . 53
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Checking the drive belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Check for leaks.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Checking and adjusting the valve clearance . 56
Renewing the reductant filter . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Preparing the engine for storage . . . . . . . . . . 59
Handling the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Environment and safety
Environmental responsibility
Scania develops and produces engines that are as environmental-
ly-friendly as possible. Major investment has been made in the
reduction of harmful exhaust emissions in order to fulfil the en-
vironmental requirements in force in almost every market.
At the same time, we have been able to maintain a high level of
performance and operating economy for Scania Industrial and
Marine Engines. To maintain these throughout the entire service
life of the engine, it is important to follow the instructions on run-
ning, maintenance and fuel and lubricating oil as outlined in the
Operator's manual.
Other green initiatives taken include ensuring that, following in-
spection and repair, waste that is harmful to the environment (for
example oil, fuel, coolant, filters and batteries) are disposed of in
accordance with the applicable environmental requirements.

Safety
The next pages contain a summary of the safety regulations to be
followed when operating and maintaining Scania engines. The
equivalent text can also be found under the relevant inspection
point.
To prevent damage to the engine and to ensure that it runs opti-
mally, follow the instructions in the warnings and notes.
If these instructions are not followed, the warranty may be inval-
idated.

5
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Different types of notes
Warning!
All notes preceded by the word Warning are very important.
They warn of serious faults and incorrect operation that could
lead to personal injury. Example:

WARNING!

Secure the starting device when working on the engine. If the en-
gine starts unexpectedly, there is a serious risk of injury.

Important!
Notes preceded by the word Important warn of faults and incor-
rect operation that could lead to equipment being damaged. Ex-
ample:

IMPORTANT!

If inspection and maintenance are not carried out as above,

Scania can no longer take responsibility for damage that occurs.

Note:
Notes preceded by Note: refer to information important to ensure
the best possible operation and functionality. Example:

Note:
Always use genuine Scania parts during service and repair so as
to keep your engine in the best possible working order.

Environment
This Operator's Manual contains specially highlighted text with
instructions to help protect the environment during service and
maintenance. Example:

Environment
Use a container to avoid spillage.

6
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Warnings and notes
Smoking

WARNING!

Smoking is prohibited:
• In the vicinity of flammable or explosive material (fuel, oils,
batteries, chemicals, etc.)
• When refuelling and in the vicinity of the filling station
• When working on the fuel system

Safety precautions for running the engine

Daily inspection
Always carry out a visual inspection of the engine and engine
compartment before starting the engine and when the engine has
been switched off after operation.
This inspection makes it possible to detect fuel, oil or coolant
leaks, or anything else that may require corrective action.

Fuel
Use only fuel recommended in the workshop literature.

WARNING!

The wrong fuel grade can cause breakdowns or stoppages by

causing the injection system to malfunction. This can cause dam-
age to the engine and, possibly, injury.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Fuel filling
Never overfill the fuel tank as the fuel needs space to expand.
Also ensure that the filler cap is properly closed.

WARNING!

During refuelling there is a risk of fire and explosion. The engine

must be switched off and smoking is prohibited.

Hazardous gases

WARNING!

• Only start the engine in a well ventilated area. The exhaust

fumes contain carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, which
are toxic.
• If it is run in a enclosed space, there should be an effective de-
vice to extract exhaust gases and crankcase gases.

Starter lock

IMPORTANT!

If the control panel is not fitted with a starter lock, the engine
compartment should be locked to prevent the unauthorised start-
ing of the engine. Alternatively, a lockable on/off master switch
or battery master switch can be used.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Starter gas

WARNING!

Never use starter gas or similar agents to help start the engine.
This can cause an explosion in the intake manifold and possible
injury.

Running

WARNING!

• The engine must not be run in environments where there is a

risk for explosion, as all of the electrical or mechanical com-
ponents can generate sparks.
• Approaching a running engine always poses a safety risk.
Parts of the body, clothes or dropped tools can get caught in
rotating parts such as the fan and cause injury. For personal
safety all rotating parts and hot surfaces must be fitted with
guards.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Safety precautions for handling materials
Fuel and oil

WARNING!

• All fuels and lubricants as well as many chemicals are flam-

mable. Always follow the instructions on the relevant packag-
ing.
• Work must be carried out on a cold engine. Fuel leaks and
spillage on hot surfaces can cause fire.
• Store used rags and other inflammable materials safely so as
to avoid spontaneous combustion.

Batteries

WARNING!

The batteries contain and emit oxyhydrogen gas, particularly dur-

ing charging, and this gas is flammable and highly explosive.
There must be no smoking, naked flames or sparks near the bat-
teries or the battery compartment.

Incorrect connection of a battery cable or jump lead can cause a

spark, which in turn can cause the battery to explode.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Chemicals

WARNING!

Most chemicals such as glycol, anti-corrosive agents, preserva-

tive oils and degreasing agents, are hazardous to health.

Some chemicals, such as preservative oil, are also inflammable.

• Always follow the safety precautions on the relevant packag-
ing.
• Store chemicals and other materials which are hazardous to
health in approved containers, marking them clearly and stor-
ing them where they are inaccessible to unauthorised persons.

Environment
Always hand in leftover and used chemicals to an authorised
waste disposal contractor.

Safety precautions for inspection and mainte-

nance
Switch off the engine
• Always switch off the engine before carrying out inspections
and repairs, unless otherwise indicated.
• Make it impossible to start the engine: remove any starter key,
or cut the power using the main power switch or battery mas-
ter switch and lock them.
• Fix a warning plate somewhere appropriate, showing that
work is being carried out on the engine.

WARNING!

Working with a running engine always poses a safety risk. Parts

of the body, clothes or dropped tools can get caught in rotating
parts and cause injury.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Hot surfaces and fluids

WARNING!

There is always a risk of sustaining burns when an engine is hot.

Particularly hot parts are engine manifolds, turbochargers, oil
sumps, hot coolant and oil in pipes and hoses.

Lifting the engine

Always use the lifting eyes on the engine. Always check that lift-
ing devices are in good condition and are designed to lift the
weight.
Optional equipment on the engine can change the centre of grav-
ity. This means that it may be necessary to use additional lifting
devices to balance the engine correctly and lift it safely.

WARNING!

Never work underneath a suspended engine!

Batteries

WARNING!

• The batteries contain highly corrosive sulphuric acid. Take

care to protect your eyes, skin and clothes when charging or
handling batteries. Wear protective gloves and goggles.
• If sulphuric acid comes into contact with your skin, wash it off
with soap and plenty of water. If acid splashes in your eyes,
flush them immediately with copious amounts of water and
contact a doctor.
• Dispose of used batteries through an authorised waste dispos-
al contractor.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Electrical system
The engine must be stopped and the power disconnected using
the master switch or battery master switch before working on the
electrical system. External power supplies to extra equipment on
the engine must also be disconnected.

IMPORTANT!

Always use Scania spare parts for the fuel and electrical systems.
Scania spare parts are designed to minimise the risk of fire and
explosion.

Electric welding

IMPORTANT!

When carrying out welding work on and near the engine, discon-
nect the battery and alternator leads. Pull out the multi-pin con-
nector for the control unit as well.

Connect the welding clamp as lose to the welding site on the

component as possible. The welding clamp must not be connect-
ed to the engine, or so that the current can cross a bearing.

When welding is finished:

1. Connect the alternator and control unit cables first.
2. Then connect the batteries.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Lubrication system

WARNING!

• Hot oil can cause burns and skin irritation. Wear protective
gloves and goggles when changing hot oil.
• Make sure that there is no pressure in the lubrication system
before starting work on it.
• The oil filler cap must always be in place when starting and
running the engine to prevent oil being ejected.

Environment
Dispose of used oil through an authorised waste disposal contrac-
tor.

Cooling system

WARNING!

Never open the coolant filler cap when the engine is hot. Hot
coolant and steam may spray out and cause burns.

If the cap has to be opened do it slowly and carefully to release

the pressure before removing the cap. Wear gloves as the coolant
is still very hot.

Environment
Dispose of used coolant through an authorised waste disposal
contractor.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Fuel system

WARNING!

• Always wear protective goggles when testing injectors. Fuel

escaping at high pressure can penetrate tissues and cause seri-
ous injury.
• Always use Scania spare parts for the fuel and electrical sys-
tems. Scania spare parts are designed to minimise the risk of
fire and explosion.

Before start-up
Ensure that all guards are in place before starting the engine. En-
sure that no tools or other objects have been left on the engine.

WARNING!

The air filter must be fitted before starting the engine. Otherwise
there is a risk of objects being sucked into the impeller or of in-
jury if you come into contact with it.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Certification
An emissions certified engine fulfils the emissions requirements
for a particular range of application.
On each emissions certified engine type there is a label which
shows which requirements the engine fulfils. Scania guarantees
that each such engine fulfils the emissions requirements for the
range of application for which it is certified.
The following are required for the certified engine to fulfil the
emissions requirements once it has been commissioned:
• Inspection and maintenance are to be carried out following the
instructions in this Operator's manual.
• The inspection, maintenance and repair of injection equip-
ment are to be carried out by an authorised Scania workshop.
• The engine must not be modified with equipment not ap-
proved by Scania.
• Seals may be broken and setting data edited only once approv-
al has been granted by Scania in Södertälje. Modifications
may be made by authorised personnel only.
• Modifications affecting the exhaust and intake systems must
be approved by Scania.

Otherwise, the instructions in the Operator's manual for the oper-

ation, inspection and maintenance of the engine shall apply. The
safety precautions described in the following pages must be ob-
served.

IMPORTANT!

For Scania to guarantee that the engine corresponds to its certi-

fied design, and take responsibility for any damage and injuries
that occur, inspection and maintenance must be carried out as
above.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Type designations
The engine type designation indicates engine type, size and appli-
cations in code form. The engine serial number is stamped onto
the top of the cylinder block at the front right. The type designa-
tion is shown on the type plate.

Example: DC09 070A

DC Supercharged diesel engine with air-cooled charge air cooler.
09 Displacement in whole dm3.
070 Performance and certification code. The code indicates, together
with the application code, the normal gross engine output.
A Code for application. A means for general industrial use.

Made by

Type DC09 070A

Engine No 6950106
Output. 202 kW 1500 rpm.
Output 202 kW 1800 rpm.
317 218

17
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
 1 2 3 4 10 11

9 12
5

13

7
14
317 223
8 16

317 224
15

The illustrations show a normal version of a DC09 engine. The

actual engine may have different equipment.

1. Turbocharger 9. Type designation

2. Oil cooler 10. Water separating suction filter (fuel)
3. Oil filler 11. Pressure filter (fuel)
4. Engine serial number on the cylinder 12. Hand pump (fuel)
block 13. Starter motor
5. Oil filter 14. Oil dipstick
6. Coolant pump 15. Oil plug
7. Draining coolant 16. EMS control unit
8. Oil filter unit

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Starting and running
Note:
When the engine is started for the first time, carry out the inspec-
tion points listed under First Start in the Inspection Schedule (see
the section headed Inspection).
Always check the following before running:
• Oil level
• Coolant
• Fuel level
• The electrolyte level in batteries
• The state of charge of the batteries
• The condition of the drive belts.
• The level in the reductant tank (if the engine is equipped with
an SCR system)

Checks before running

Carry out a daily inspection as described in the inspection sched-
ule prior to operation. For more information refer to the section
headed Inspection.

WARNING!

Block the starting device when working on the engine. If the en-
gine starts unexpectedly, there is a serious risk of injury.

19
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Starting the engine
For environmental reasons the Scania engine has been developed
to be started with a low fuel feed. Using unnecessarily large
amounts of fuel when starting the engine always results in emis-
sions of unburnt fuel.
• Open the fuel valve if fitted.
• Disengage the engine.
• If the engine has a battery master switch: switch on the power
using the battery master switch.
• Start the engine.

If the fuel tank has been run dry or if the engine has not been used
for a long time, bleed the fuel system.

WARNING!

• Never use starter gas or similar agents to help start the engine.
An explosion may occur in the intake manifold with a risk of
personal injury.
• Only start the engine in a well ventilated area. When operating
the engine in an enclosed space, there should be an effective
device to extract exhaust gases and crankcase gases.

IMPORTANT!

The starter motor must only be cranked twice for 30 seconds at a

time. After that it must rest for at least 5 minutes before the next
attempt to start it.

Starting at low temperatures

Take the local environmental requirements into account. Use a
fuel heater and engine heater to avoid starting problems and
white smoke.
A low engine speed and a moderate load on a cold engine limits
white smoke, gives better combustion and warms up the engine
more quickly than warming it up with no load.
Avoid running it longer than necessary at idling speed.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Running
Check instruments and warning lamps at regular intervals.

Engine speed range

600-750 rpm Low idling speed. Engine idling is controlled by the EMS con-
trol system.
Low idling –2,100 rpm Engine operating speed range. Controlled by the EMS control
system.
2,100-2,600 rpm Unsuitable operating speed, but a slightly higher engine speed
that the normal maximum operating speed may occur when load
is low or negative.
2,600-3,000 rpm Prohibited engine speed.

Exhaust reduction
The system provides a warning if there are faults on the SCR sys-
tem or if the level of reductant in the reductant tank is too low. In
the case of some faults, for example if cooling of the dosing unit
is not working, the torque is reduced.
When the engine is certified for Tier 4, the torque is always re-
duced if there is a fault on the SCR system.

Limp-home mode
If there is a fault in the normal throttle opening or if CAN com-
munication is interrupted, the following emergency operation op-
tion is provided:
A CAN fault or throttle opening fault in an all-speed engine (both
signal and idling switch):
• The throttle opening value is 0% and the engine is running at
normal idling speed.
• The throttle opening value is 0% and the engine is running at
raised idling speed (750 rpm) if this function is activated.

Throttle opening fault but the idling switch is working:

• The throttle opening value can be increased slowly between 0
and 50% by using the idling switch.

CAN fault:
• The engine is switched off if the shutdown function is activat-
ed.

All options cause a fault code to be generated.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Coolant temperature
Normal coolant temperature during operation is 80-90°C/176–
194°F.
Alarm levels are set in the EMS control unit. The default setting
for the lowest and highest limit values for high temperature are
95°C/203°C and 105°C/221°F respectively.
The high temperature alarm has the following functions:
• Alarm only
• Alarm and torque reduction at the lowest limit value
• Alarm and engine shutdown at the highest limit value
• Alarm, torque reduction at the lowest limit value and engine
shutdown at the highest limit value
• Alarm and engine shutdown at the highest limit value with the
possibility of override control
• Alarm, torque reduction at the lowest limit value and engine
shutdown at the highest limit value, with the possibility of en-
gine shutdown override control
If run for extended periods under an extremely light load, the en-
gine may have difficulty in maintaining normal operating tem-
perature. At an increased load the temperature rises to the normal
value.

IMPORTANT!

An excessively high coolant temperature can damage the engine.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Oil pressure
Information about the normal and lowest permitted oil pressures
is contained in the section headed Technical Data.
The control system has the following alarm levels:
• At an engine speed of less than 1,000 rpm and an oil pressure
of less than 0.7 bar/10/2 psi
• At an engine speed of more than 1,000 rpm and an oil pressure
of less than 2.5 bar/36.3 psi for longer than 3 seconds.

The incorrect oil pressure alarm has the following functions:

• Alarm only
• Alarm and torque reduction by 30%
• Alarm and engine shutdown
• Alarm and engine shutdown with override control

Note:
High oil pressure (above 6 bar/87 psi) is normal when starting a
cold engine.

Charging indicator lamp

If the lamp comes on during operation:
• Check and adjust the alternator drive belts as described under
the inspection point. For more information refer to the section
headed Inspection.

If the charging indicator lamp is still on, this could be due to an

alternator fault or a fault in the electrical system.

23
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Engine stop
1. Run the engine without a load for a few minutes if it has been
run continuously with a heavy load.
2. Turn off the engine.

Note:
• The battery voltage must remain on for a few seconds after the
engine is switched off so that the control units can store the
values and switch to standby mode.
• 10 prohibited engine shutdowns will cause a torque reduction
(70% of fuel quantity). Reset the engine by switching it off
correctly once.

IMPORTANT!

• There is danger of turbocharger damage and boiling if the en-

gine is switched off without cooling.
• The power must not be switched off before the engine has
stopped.
• If the engine is equipped with a battery master switch and an
SCR system: The SCR system runs for a while after the engine
has been switched off to allow it to cool down. During this pe-
riod the power must not be cut using the battery master switch.

24
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Checks after running
WARNING!

• Block the starting device when working on the engine. If the

engine starts unexpectedly, there is a serious risk of injury.
• There is always a risk of sustaining burns when an engine is
hot. Particularly hot parts are engine manifolds, turbocharg-
ers, oil sumps, hot coolant and oil in pipes and hoses.

• Check that the power supply has been cut.

• Fill the fuel tank. Make sure that the filler cap and the area
round the filler opening are clean to avoid contamination of
the fuel.
• If there is a risk of freezing, the cooling system must contain
enough glycol.
• At temperatures below 0°C/32°F: prepare for the next start by
connecting the engine heater (if fitted).

IMPORTANT!

Check the coolant level following the first start. Top up if neces-
sary.

25
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Inspection
The inspection programme covers a number of points that are di-
vided into the following sections:
• Lubrication system
• Cooling system
• Air cleaner
• Fuel system
• Electrical system, batteries, etc.
• Other

WARNING!

Secure the starting device when working on the engine. If the en-
gine starts unexpectedly, there is a serious risk of injury.

The inspection points are divided into intervals as follows:

Daily inspection
Inspection before the first start
Inspection after the first 500 hours of operation
Periodic inspection every 500 hours of operation, performed at
500, 1,000, 1,500, etc.
Periodic inspection every 1,000 hours of operation, performed at
1,000, 2,000, 3,000, etc.
Periodic inspection every 2,000 hours of operation, performed at
4,000, 6,000, 8,000, etc.
Periodic inspection every 6,000 hours of operation, performed at
12,000, 18,000, etc.
Annual maintenance
Maintenance every 5 years

26
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Engines with few hours of operation
IMPORTANT!

On engines with few hours of operation, inspection must be car-

ried out at the interval of annually or every 5 years.

Stand-by generator set and the like that are not used regularly
should be test run and checked in accordance with the manufac-
turer's instructions.
The following inspection points must be carried out once the en-
gine has been warmed up to operating temperature.
1. Checking oil level.
2. Checking coolant level.
3. Checking vacuum indicator.
4. Checking fuel level.
5. Checking the electrolyte level in batteries.
6. Checking the state of charge of the batteries.
7. Cleaning the batteries.
8. Checking for engine leaks.

Cleaning the engine

The engine must be cleaned before starting work.
Clean with a hot wash. Also use a degreasing agent, if necessary.
Avoid spraying water on the engine control unit; see illustration.

WARNING!

Beware of hot water! Use suitable protective equipment. 314 905

Environment
The washing water must be disposed of in compliance with the Clean within the marked area.
relevant national and international regulations.

27
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Inspection interval

Daily First time at Interval (hours) At least

First 500 500 1,00 2,00 6,00 An- Eve-
start 0 0 0 nual- ry 5
ly years
Lubrication system
X X
Checking oil level.
Changing the oil. X1 X
Cleaning the centrifugal oil X1 X
cleaner.
Renewing the oil filter. X1 X
Cooling system
X
Checking coolant level.
Checking coolant antifreeze or X X X
corrosion protection.
Cleaning the cooling system and X1 X
changing coolant.
Air cleaner
X
Reading the vacuum indicator.
Cleaning or renewal of the filter X1 X
element.
Renewing the safety cartridge. X X
Fuel system
X X
Checking fuel level.
Renewing the fuel filter. X1 X
Electrical system
Checking the electrolyte level in X X X
batteries.
Checking state of charge. X X X
Cleaning the batteries. X X
Checking the coolant level mon- X X
itor.
Other
X X X
Checking the drive belt.
Check for leaks. X X
Checking and adjusting the X X
valve clearance.
Renewing the reductant filter. X

1 More often if required.

28
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Lubrication system
Oil grade
What is LDF?
LDF stands for the Scania Long Drain Field test standard. Ap-
proved Scania LDF oils have been carefully selected after exten-
sive testing. The approval is only granted to the highest quality
engine oils available on the market.
LDF-2 is of an even higher quality than LDF.

Recommended oil 5 litres (1.3 US 20 litres (5.3 US 208 litres (55 Remarks
gallons) gallons) US gallons)
Scania Oil LDF 15W-40 1771761 1771762 1771763
Scania Oil LDF-2 15W-40 1771766 1771767 1771768
Scania Oil E7 15W-40 1892383 1892384 1892385 Only for fuel with maximum
10 ppm sulphur content
(0.001%)

The engine oil must fulfil the following quality requirements:

• ACEA E3, E4, E5 or E7 (E7 requires fuel with a low sul-
phur content).
• For engines not run on low-sulphur fuel, the TBN (Total Base
Number) should be at least 12 (ASTM 2896).

Check with your oil supplier that the oil meets these require-
ments. For operation at extremely low ambient temperature: con-
sult your nearest Scania representative on how to avoid starting
difficulties.

Viscosity grade Ambient temperature

SAE 20W-30 -15ºC (5ºF) - +30ºC (86ºF)
SAE 30 -10ºC (14ºF) - +30ºC (86ºF)
SAE 40 -5ºC (23ºF) - >+45ºC (113ºF)
SAE 50 0ºC (32ºF) - >+45ºC (113ºF)
SAE 5W-30W <-40ºC (-40ºF) - +30ºC (86ºF)
SAE 10W-30 -25ºC (-13ºF) - +30ºC (86ºF)
SAE 15W-40 -20ºC (-4ºF) - >+45ºC (113ºF)

29
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Oil analysis
Oil analysis may be necessary to determine a different oil change
interval from that recommended here.
Oil companies can offer analysis of the engine oil.
Such analysis measures the oil's TBN (Total Base Number), TAN
(Total Acid Number), fuel dilution, water content, viscosity and
the quantity of particles and soot in the oil.
The result of a series of analyses is used as the basis for establish-
ing a suitable oil change interval.
If the conditions are changed, a new oil analysis programme must
be carried out to establish new change intervals.

Checking oil level

Daily 2
Checking the oil level with the engine switched off
Note:
Leave the engine off for at least 1 minute before checking the oil 1
level.
1. Remove the dipstick 1 and check the oil level. The correct
level is between the minimum and maximum marks on the oil
dipstick.
2. Top up with oil when the oil level is at or below the lower
mark.

312 506
Information on the correct oil type is found under the heading Oil
grade.

30
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Changing the oil
Every 500 hours
Note:
Renew the oil filter and clean the centrifugal oil cleaner when
changing oil.

WARNING!

• Hot oil can cause burns and skin irritation. Wear protective
gloves and goggles when changing hot oil.

314 600
• Make sure that there is no pressure in the lubrication system
before starting work on it.
• The oil filler cap must always be in place when starting and Max. 38 litres (10 US gallons)
running the engine to prevent oil being ejected. Min. 32 litres (8.5 US gallons)

Environment
Use a container to avoid spillage. Used oil must be disposed of as
specified in national and international law.

Note:
Change oil more often if the engine is subjected to particularly
demanding operation, such as a dusty environment, or if deposits
in the centrifugal oil cleaner are thicker than 28 mm (1.1 in).
1. Unscrew the oil plug and drain the oil when the engine is hot.
In certain engines the oil is pumped out by means of a bilge
pump.

314 601
2. Clean the magnet on the oil plug.
3. Refit the oil plug.
Max. 35 litres (9.2 US gallons)
4. Fill up with oil.
Min. 28 litres (7.4 US gallons)
5. Check the level on the dipstick.

Maximum angles of inclination during operation.

Maximum permissible angles during operation vary, depending

on the type of oil sump; see illustration.
314 595

31
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Cleaning the centrifugal oil cleaner
Every 500 hours

WARNING!

The oil may be hot. Carefully remove the cover from the centrif-
ugal oil cleaner.

1. Clean the outside of the cover.

Unscrew the nut and remove the cover.

312 501
2. Lift out the rotor.
Wipe off the outside of the rotor.
Unscrew the rotor cover nut about one and a half turns. x 1.5

312 500
3. If the rotor nut is jammed: Turn the rotor upside down and
fasten the nut in a vice. M20
Turn the rotor approximately one and a half turns counter-
clockwise by hand or use an M20 bolt as illustrated.

x 1.5
IMPORTANT!

The rotor must not be put in a vice. This may cause damage re-
sulting in rotor imbalance.
312 517

32
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
 4. Hold the rotor and tap lightly on the rotor nut with a plastic
mallet or against the workbench, so that the rotor cover
comes loose from the bottom plate.

IMPORTANT!

Never strike on the rotor directly as this may damage the bear-
ings.

5. Remove the strainer from the rotor cover.

If the strainer is stuck, insert a screwdriver between the rotor
cover and strainer and carefully prise them apart.

312 516
6. Scrape away the deposits inside the rotor cover with a knife.

If there are no deposits, the centrifugal oil cleaner is not

working.
Clean more often if deposits are thicker than 28 mm (1.1 in).
7. Wash the parts in diesel oil. Inspect the two nozzles on the ro-
tor. Ensure that they are not blocked or damaged. Renew any
damaged nozzles.

312 515
8. Check the bearings to ensure that they are not damaged.

9. Fit a new O-ring by sliding it over the strainer.

10. Refit the rotor cover. Make sure that the O-ring sits correctly
on the inside.
11. Tighten the rotor nut by hand.
12. Check that the shaft is not loose. If it is, it should be locked
using thread-locking fluid. Clean carefully with a suitable
solvent. Tighten the rotor shaft using tool wrench 99 520.
312 514

33
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
13. Refit the rotor and screw it by hand to make sure it rotates
easily.

312 513
14. Renew the O-ring on the centrifugal oil cleaner housing cov-
er.
Tighten lock nut to 15 Nm (11 lbf ft).
15 Nm

312 512

34
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Renewing the oil filter
Every 500 hours

IMPORTANT!

Only use a Scania oil filter.

IMPORTANT!

Clean the centrifugal oil cleaner when renewing the oil filter.
Otherwise, the oil filter will be blocked and resistance in the filter
will increase. If this happens, an overflow valve in the filter re-
tainer opens and lets the oil pass without being filtered.

312 503
1. Unscrew the filter cover with a closed tool with hexagon
driver, e.g. 36 mm socket 588 475.

IMPORTANT!

Do not use an adjustable spanner or other open tool as there is risk

of damaging the filter cover.

2. Lift out the filter housing cover with filter element. The filter
housing will drain automatically once the filter has been re-
moved.

3. Detach the old filter from the cover by holding the cover and
carefully tapping the entire filter element against something
hard. Remember that there will be oil splashes.
4. Fit the new filter and tighten the filter cover to 25 Nm (18 lbf
ft).
312 502

35
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Cooling system
Coolant
WARNING!

• Ethylene glycol is highly dangerous if imbibed.

• Ethylene glycol can cause skin irritation and eye damage.

Coolant additives must be as follows:

• An antifreeze content of minimum 35 and maximum 60 per-
cent by volume when there is a risk of freezing.

IMPORTANT!

Only pour pre-mixed coolant into the cooling system.

Note:
The coolant should be changed when the cooling system is
cleaned: every 6,000 hours or at least every 5th year. Refer to
Changing coolant.

Coolant, resistance to cold

The following example shows coolant properties with 30 percent
by volume of antifreeze:

• Ice slush starts to form at -16°C (3°F). 0 10 20 30 40 50 %

0
• At -30°C (-22°F), there is a risk of cooling system malfunc-
tion. -10
• There is no risk of damage by freezing with a minimum anti- -16 1
freeze content of 35 percent by volume. -20

The diagram depicts coolant properties at different percentages -30

of antifreeze concentration by volume. 3 2
-40

Curve A: Ice formation starts (ice slush)

312 505

-50
Curve B: Damage by freezing occurs °C B A
Area 1: Safe area
Area 2: Malfunctions may occur (ice slush)
Area 3: Risk of damage by freezing

36
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Antifreeze concentration table
35% by volume of Scania antifreeze provides sufficient protec-
tion against corrosion.
Example:
1. The total volume of the cooling system is 40 litres in this ex-
ample.
2. The measured freezing point is -21ºC (35% mixture by vol-
ume of ethylene glycol). According to the table there are 14
litres of ethylene glycol in the cooling system.
3. The required freezing point is -30ºC (45% mixture by volume
of ethylene glycol). According to the table, 18 litres of ethyl-
ene glycol are required in the cooling system.
4. Since there are already 14 litres in the cooling system, 4 litres
of ethylene glycol must be added to the cooling system (18-
14=4 litres).

For calculation Adequate corrosion protection

Volume of ethylene glycol Cooling system
(%) 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 volume (litres)
Ice slush forms (°C) -6 -9 -12 -21 -24 -30 -38 -50
5 6 8 11 12 14 15 18 30
6 8 10 14 16 18 20 24 40
8 10 13 18 20 23 25 30 50
9 12 15 21 24 27 30 36 60
11 14 18 25 28 32 35 42 70
12 16 20 28 32 36 40 48 80
14 18 23 32 36 41 45 54 90
15 20 25 35 40 45 50 60 100
Volume of ethylene glycol (li- 17 22 28 39 44 50 55 66 110
tres) 18 24 30 42 48 54 60 72 120
20 26 33 46 52 59 65 78 130
21 28 35 49 56 63 70 84 140
23 30 38 53 60 68 75 90 150
24 32 40 56 64 72 80 96 160
26 34 43 60 68 77 85 102 170
27 36 45 63 72 81 90 108 180
29 38 48 67 76 86 95 114 190
30 40 50 70 80 90 100 120 200

37
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Antifreeze concentration table
35% by volume of Scania antifreeze provides sufficient protec-
tion against corrosion.
Example:
1. The total volume of the cooling system is 10.6 US gallons in
this example.
2. The measured freezing point is -6ºF (35% mixture by volume
of ethylene glycol). According to the table there are 3.7 US
gallons of ethylene glycol in the cooling system.
3. The required freezing point is -22ºF (45% mixture by volume
of ethylene glycol). According to the table, 4.8 US gallons of
ethylene glycol are required in the cooling system.
4. Since the cooling system already contains 3.7 US gallons, fill
another 1.1 US gallon of ethylene glycol in the cooling sys-
tem (4.8-3.7=1.1 US gallon).

For calculation Adequate corrosion protection

Volume of ethylene glycol Cooling system
(%) 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 volume (US gal-
Ice slush forms (°F) 21 16 10 -6 -11 -22 -36 -58 lons)
1,3 1,6 2,1 2,9 3,2 3,7 4 4,8 7,9
1,6 2,1 2,6 3,7 4,2 4,8 5,3 6,3 10,6
2,1 2,6 3,4 4,8 5,3 6,1 6,6 7,9 13,2
2,4 3,2 4 5,5 6,3 7,1 7,9 9,5 15,9
2,9 3,7 4,8 6,6 7,4 8,5 9,2 11,1 18,5
3,2 4,2 5,3 7,4 8,5 9,5 10,6 12,7 21,1
3,7 4,8 6,1 8,5 9,5 10,8 11,9 14,3 23,8
4 5,3 6,6 9,2 10,6 11,9 13,2 15,9 26,4
Volume of ethylene glycol 4,5 5,8 7,4 10,3 11,6 13,2 14,5 17,4 29,1
(US gallons) 4,8 6,3 7,9 11,1 12,7 14,3 15,9 19 31,7
5,3 6,9 8,7 12,2 13,7 15,6 17,2 20,6 34,3
5,5 7,4 9,2 12,9 14,8 16,6 18,5 22,2 37
6,1 7,9 10 14 15,9 18 19,8 23,8 39,6
6,3 8,5 10,6 14,8 16,9 19 21,1 25,4 42,3
6,9 9 11,4 15,9 18 20,3 22,5 26,9 44,9
7,1 9,5 11,9 16,6 19 21,4 23,8 28,5 47,6
7,7 10 12,7 17,7 20,1 22,7 25,1 30,1 50,2
7,9 10,6 13,2 18,5 21,1 23,8 26,4 31,7 52,8

38
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Checking coolant level
Daily
The following instructions apply to Scania expansion tanks. For
other types of expansion tanks, follow the manufacturer's instruc-
tions.

WARNING!

Never open the coolant filler cap when the engine is hot. Hot
coolant and steam may spray out and cause burns.
If the cap has to be opened do it slowly and carefully to release
the pressure before removing the cap. Wear gloves as the coolant
is still very hot.

1. Open the expansion tank cap and check the coolant level.
– The right coolant level on a cold engine is even with the
lower edge of the filler neck.
– The right coolant level on a hot engine is approximately 25
mm (1 in) over the lower edge of the filler neck.
2. Top up with coolant as necessary.

IMPORTANT!

It is not advisable to fill large amounts of coolant through the ex-

pansion tank. Fill according to the instructions in the section on
changing the coolant.

IMPORTANT!

Never fill a large amount of cold coolant in a hot engine. There is

great risk of cracks forming in the cylinder block and cylinder
heads.

IMPORTANT!

Only pour pre-mixed coolant into the cooling system.

39
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Checking the antifreeze level
Every 2,000 hours
Note:
Use only pure fresh water that is free from particles, sludge and
other impurities.
1. Pour a small amount of coolant into a container and check
that the coolant is pure and clear.
2. Change the coolant if it is contaminated or cloudy.
3. Measure the antifreeze content with one of the following in-
struments:

Part No. Description

588805 Refractometer
588226 Refractometer

The following rules apply to ethylene glycol-based coolant:

• The antifreeze content must be minimum 35 percent by vol-
ume for corrosion protection to be sufficient.
• Fill with antifreeze if the antifreeze content is below 35 per-
cent by volume.
• Antifreeze content greater than 60 percent by volume impairs
the ability to protect against frost.
• If ice forms in the coolant, there are disruptions initially, but
there is no immediate risk of damage. The engine should not
be subjected to heavy loads when ice starts to form.

40
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
 Approved, recommended antifreezes
Product Part No. Product Volume/litre (US gallons)
1894323 Scania Antifreeze 5 1.3
1894324 Scania Antifreeze 20 5.3
1894325 Scania Antifreeze 210 55
1894326 Scania Antifreeze 1,000 264
G40 BASF G40
1921955 Scania Antifreeze Ready Mix 50/50 5 1.3
1921956 Scania Antifreeze Ready Mix 50/50 20 5.3
1921957 Scania Antifreeze Ready Mix 50/50 210 55
1896695 Scania Antifreeze Ready Mix 50/50 1,000 264

Approved antifreezes
Product Part No. Product
G30 BASF G30
G48 BASF G48

41
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Changing coolant
Every 6,000 hours

Environment
Avoid spillage and use a suitable container. Used coolant must be
disposed of as specified in national and international law.

IMPORTANT!

Mix the coolant as specified under the section Coolant.

1. Remove the expansion tank cap.

2. Drain the coolant at the following two locations:
– Lowest point of the cylinder block.
– the lowest point of the cooling system.
3. Close the taps.

42
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
 IMPORTANT!

When a large amount of coolant needs to be added, it must be

pumped in from below to prevent air from getting into the system
and causing the coolant pump to overheat and break down.

Filling coolant
1. Connect the hose from unit 588 450 to the engine's drain
valve
2. Make sure that the cooling system bleed pipes are not

307 399
blocked or damaged. There are bleed pipes from the radiator,
engine and expansion tank.
Unit No. 588 450
3. Open the expansion tank cap.
4. Fill with coolant using unit 588 450 to pump up to the maxi-
mum level of the expansion tank.
5. Disconnect the hose
6. Set the heating control to maximum heating and start the en-
gine. Idling speed must not exceed 600 rpm. Leave the engine
idling for 15 minutes.
7. Stop the engine and top up with coolant to the maximum level
through the expansion tank.
8. A small amount of air may still be left in pockets of the cool-
ing system which will disappear when the vehicle is back on
the road. This means that it will need some topping up to start
with.

43
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Cleaning the cooling system
Every 6,000 hours
Note:
Clean the cooling system more often if necessary.

IMPORTANT!

Do not use caustic soda or other alkaline cleaning agent as this

could damage the aluminium.

External: Cleaning the radiator and charge air

cooler
1. Check that the radiator and the charge air cooler are not
clogged on the air side and that the cooling fins are not dam-
aged.
2. Carefully scrape away any deposits from the radiator cooling
fins. Use a paraffin-based engine cleaner if necessary.
3. Carefully straighten bent cooling fins using a steel brush or
similar.

WARNING!

To ensure proper handling of cooling system detergent, study the

warning text on the package.

44
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Internal: Removing oil and grease

1. Run the engine until it has reached operating temperature and

then drain the cooling system.
2. Remove the thermostats.
3. Fill the system with clean, hot water mixed with liquid dish-
washer detergent intended for household appliances. Con-
centration 1%.
4. Run the engine until it has reached operating temperature for
approximately 20-30 minutes. Remember to switch on the
cab heating system, if one is installed.
5. Drain the cooling system.
6. Refill the system with clean hot water and run the engine for
about 20-30 minutes.
7. Drain the water from the system.
8. Refit the thermostats.
9. Fill the system with new coolant following the specification
under Coolants earlier in the document.

Environment
Avoid spillage and use a suitable container. Used coolant must be
disposed of as specified in national and international law.

45
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Air cleaner
Reading the vacuum indicator
Daily
If the indicator's red plunger is fully visible, renew or clean the
air cleaner filter element following the instructions.

Cleaning or renewal of the filter element

315 039
Every 2,000 hours

Note:

• Clean or renew the filter element earlier if the indicator shows

red.
• There is always a risk that the filter element will be damaged
when it is cleaned.
• The filter element may be cleaned a maximum of 4 times.
• After cleaning, it has a poorer capacity than a new filter ele-
ment.
• The filter element must not be washed in water.

WARNING!

Never start the engine without the air filter as this could cause in-
jury and severe engine damage.

1. Remove the cover from the air cleaner.

2. Renew or clean the filter element by carefully blowing from
the inside with dry compressed air.
3. Mark the filter element when it has been cleaned.
4. Carry out a check by inserting an inspection lamp into the el-
ement and checking from the outside that there are no holes
or cracks in the filter paper.
5. Assemble the air cleaner.
6. Reset the vacuum indicator by pressing the button.

46
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Renewing the safety cartridge
Every 2,000 hours

IMPORTANT!

When renewing the safety cartridge, take great care to ensure that
no dirt or other impurities get into the engine. Do not remove the
safety cartridge unnecessarily.

1. Remove the cover from the air cleaner.

2. Remove the filter element.
3. Remove the safety cartridge.
4. Fit a new, original safety cartridge.
5. Renew or clean the filter element.
6. Assemble the air cleaner.

47
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Fuel system
General information on the XPI fuel sys-
tem
IMPORTANT!

• The fuel system is very sensitive to dirt. It is therefore impor-

tant that everything is as clean as possible when work is car-
ried out on the fuel system.
• Do not use compressed air to blow fuel system components
clean as this could cause dirt particles to penetrate the system.
• Use lint-free rags for cleaning to prevent lint from entering
sensitive parts.
• Clean the tools before use.
• Do not use worn chrome-plated tools as chrome flakes may
come off.
• Plug or tape connections on components which are removed.

Checking fuel level

Daily
• Check the fuel level and top up with fuel as necessary.

Note:
The fuel system must be bled if the tank is run dry. Refer to
Bleeding the fuel system.

48
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Renewing the fuel filter
Every 1,000 hours 1 2 3
Engines are equipped with dual fuel filters in the form of a water
separating suction filter and a pressure filter.

Environment
Avoid spillage and use a suitable container. Used fuel must be
disposed of as specified in national and international law.
1. Unscrew the filter covers with 36 mm socket 588 475.
2. The fuel filter housings will drain automatically once the fil-
ter elements have been removed. Suction the fuel out of the

312 509
filter housings if necessary.
3. Undo the old filter elements from the covers by carefully
bending them to one side. 1 Water separating filter
4. Renew the O-rings in the covers. Lubricate the O-rings with 2 Pressure filter
O-ring grease.
3 Hand pump
5. Press new filter elements into the snap fasteners on the cov-
ers.

IMPORTANT!

Fit the filter elements in the filter covers before placing them in
the fuel filter housings or the filter elements may be damaged.

IMPORTANT!

In order to prevent back pressure in the filter housings when the

filter elements are screwed on, the bleed nipple must be open.

6. Press down the filter elements into the fuel filter housings
with the covers. Screw on the filter covers firmly with 36 mm
socket 588 475.
Tightening torque 25 Nm (18 lbf ft).
Check that there is no gap between the filter covers and the
filter elements. If there is a gap, repeat the procedure and en-
sure that the bleed nipple is open.
7. Bleed the fuel system as per instructions.

49
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Bleeding the fuel system
1. Attach a clear plastic hose to the bleed nipple on the fuel filter
housing. Place the end of the plastic hose in a container that
holds at least 3 litres (0.8 US gallons).
2. Loosen the hand pump handle.
3. Open the bleed nipple.
4. Pump by hand until fuel comes out of the hose. This may take
around 100 pump strokes. Depending on the installation, a
significantly greater number of pump strokes may be re-
quired before fuel comes out.
5. Close the bleed nipple.
6. Start the engine and open the bleed nipple carefully.
7. Check that fuel without air bubbles comes out of the hose.
Normally, about 3 litres (0.8 US gallons) of fuel must be
drained before no more air bubbles come through the hose.
8. Close the bleed nipple, remove the hose and tighten the hand
pump handle.

50
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Electrical system
General information on batteries
WARNING!

Do not carry out battery care or store batteries near naked flames
or in a place where there is a risk of sparks. When the batteries
are charged, oxyhydrogen gas is formed which is flammable and
explosive.

WARNING!

Wear gloves and protective goggles when charging and handling

batteries. Batteries contain a highly corrosive acid.

WARNING!

Be careful to connect the terminals correctly when connecting the

batteries to prevent serious damage to the electrical system.
Sparking may occur if the terminals are short-circuited.

Environment
Used batteries must be disposed of as specified in national and in-
ternational law.

51
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Checking the electrolyte level in batter-
ies
Every 500 hours
• Check that the electrolyte level is at the correct level above the
electrodes in all cells (see table).
• Top up with distilled water when necessary. X
Battery capacity Electrolyte level above the plates
140 Ah 20-25 mm (0.8-1 in)
175 Ah 20-25 mm (0.8-1 in)
180 Ah 20-25 mm (0.8-1 in)
220 Ah 30-35 mm (1.2-1.4 in)

314 830
225 Ah 30-35 mm (1.2-1.4 in)

Electrolyte level for low maintenance battery.

Battery capacity Electrolyte level above the plates

180 Ah 30-35 mm (1.2-1.4 in)

Checking state of charge

Every 1,000 hours
1. Check the density with an acid tester.
In a fully-charged battery it should be:
– 1.280 at +20°C (68°F)
– 1.294 at 0°C (32°F)
– 1.308 at -20°C (-4°F)
2. Charge the battery if the density is lower than 1.20. A dis-
charged battery freezes at -5°C (23°F).

IMPORTANT!

Disconnect the cable terminal prior to charging to prevent control

unit damage. Avoid boost charging as this damages the battery
over time.

Note:
It is not possible to measure the specific gravity if the battery has
recently been topped up with distilled water. It takes several days
for water and acid to mix properly.

52
© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Cleaning the batteries
Every 1,000 hours
1. Clean batteries, cables and cable terminals.
2. Check that all cable terminals are firmly tightened.
3. Grease the battery terminals and cable terminals with Vase-
line.

Renewing the battery

If required
Removal:
1. Disconnect the negative cable (-) from the battery.
2. Disconnect the positive cable (+) from the battery.

Fitting:
1. Connect the positive battery cable (+).
2. Connect the negative battery cable (-).

Checking the coolant level monitor

Every 1,000 hours
1. Start the engine.
2. Drain coolant from the expansion tank until the level monitor
indicator lamp comes on.
For engines set to switch off when coolant level is too low,
the following occurs if the level monitor is working correctly:
– The engine shuts down, a fault code is registered, the indi-
cator lamp comes on and a buzzer may sound.
For engines not set to switch off when coolant level is too
low, the following occurs if the level monitor is working cor-
rectly:
– The indicator lamp comes on and a buzzer may sound.
3. Fill the system with new coolant as specified under the sec-
tion Coolant.

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Other
Checking the drive belt
Every 1,000 hours:

IMPORTANT!

Refit the drive belt with the same direction of rotation as it had
before removal.

Check the drive belt thoroughly, particularly at the idler rollers.

312158

Check the drive belt for cracks.

The drive belt must be renewed if it has

cracks.

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Check drive belt wear.

112 931
The drive belt is starting to become worn, but can be refitted.
112 932

The belt is worn down to the cord. The drive belt must be renewed.

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Check for leaks.
Daily
• Start the engine.
• Check for oil, coolant, fuel, air or exhaust leaks.
• Tighten or renew leaking connections. Check the overflow
holes which show whether the O-rings between the cylinder
liners and crankcase are leaking.
• Check whether the drain hole on the coolant pump is blocked.
If there is a leak, renew the seal in the pump or the complete
coolant pump.

IMPORTANT!

If serious leakage occurs, contact your nearest Scania workshop.

Checking and adjusting the valve clear-

ance
Every 2,000 hours

Note:
Checking and adjusting valve clearances should also be done af-
ter the first 500 hours of operation.
Valve clearances should be adjusted when the engine is cold, at
least 30 minutes after running.

WARNING!

Secure the starting device when working on the engine. If the en-
gine starts unexpectedly, there is a serious risk of injury.

310 343
Intake valve clearance 0.45 mm (0.018 in)
Exhaust valve clearance 0.70 mm (0.028 in)

Readings can be taken from the flywheel through openings in the

flywheel housing either from above or below depending on ac- Openings for taking readings on the fly-
cess when fitting. wheel housing.
"TDC up" or ”"TDC down" is found on the flywheel. Both open-
ings are fitted with a blanking piece at delivery.

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 312 879
Special tool 99 309 is used when turning from below.

312 878
Special tool 99 109 is used when turning
from above.

From below Valve transition Valve adjust- From above

ment
TDC down 1 TDC up
72/432 5 252/612
144/504 2 324/684
216/576 3 36/396
288/648 4 108/468
TDC down 1 TDC up
72/432 5 252/612
144/504 2 324684
216/576 3 36396
288/648 4 108/468

• Turn the flywheel in the engine's direction of rotation so that

TDC up or TDC down is visible in the flywheel housing win-
dow.
• If there is valve clearance on cylinder 1, start valve adjustment
as indicated in the table.
• If there is valve transition on cylinder 1, work should start at
row six of the table.

Tightening torque for lock nut 35 Nm (26 lbf ft).

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Renewing the reductant filter
Every 1,000 hours:
1. Remove the cover on the rear of the reductant tank.

316 163
2. Place a suitable container underneath.

3. Unscrew the filter cover. Use a 46 mm socket.

4. Lift out the filter cover and filter element.
5. Renew the filter element and check the O-ring and insulation
6. Wipe clean with lukewarm water before you refit the filter
cover to remove any crystals.
7. Screw on the filter cover again. Tightening torque 80 Nm (59
lbf ft).
316 164

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Preparing the engine for storage
If the engine is not be used for an extended period its cooling sys-
tem, fuel system and combustion chambers and outside must be
protected against rust.
An alternative to preparing the engine for long-term storage is to
start the engine and warm it up every 6 months.

Handling the engine

The engine can normally stand idle for up to six months without
preparation. For longer periods of downtime, the following meas-
ures should be taken. These measures provide protection for ap-
proximately 4 years.
Preparations for storage:
• Thoroughly clean the engine.
• Run the engine for a specific period using special preservative
fuel, oil and coolant.
• Otherwise prepare the engine for storage (filter renewal, lubri-
cation, etc.).

If the engine is equipped with an SCR system: the reductant in the

SCR system is perishable. If it is not changed, its quality can de-
teriorate over time. The reductant tank and the system should be
drained if there are longer periods of downtime.

IMPORTANT!

The reductant is a highly corrosive fluid which must not come

into contact with materials which are sensitive to corrosion.
• Rinse off reductant spillages with plenty of water.
• If reductant seeps into electrical connections or electrical ca-
bles, these must be renewed.

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Preservative coolant
If the engine is to be stored with a full cooling system, use coolant
containing 50 percent glycol by volume. Glycol without nitrite-
based inhibitor should be used. Example: BASF G48 or BASF
D542

WARNING!

Ethylene glycol is highly dangerous if imbibed and can prove fa-

tal. Avoid contact with the skin.

Preservative fuel
Use diesel mixed with Lubrizol 560H or the equivalent. Mix 1
cm3/0.06 in3 Lubrizol 560H in 10 dm3/2.3 US gallons of fuel.

WARNING!

Lubrizol 560H contains aromatic hydrocarbons which are haz-

ardous to health.
• Use spot extractors where there is a danger of vapour build-
up.
• Wear protective goggles and gloves when handling the fuel.
• Do not use contaminated clothing.
• If it gets in your eyes: Flush with a gentle jet of water for at
least 15 minutes and contact a doctor.
• If it gets on your skin: Wash the affected area with soap and
water.
• If you inhale it: Fresh air, rest and warmth.
• Store in well-sealed containers in a dry, cool, place out of the
reach of children.

Lubrizol is flammable and has a 2A fire rating. The flashpoint is

27°C/81°F. In case of fire: Extinguish using carbon dioxide,
powder or foam.

Preservative oil
Suitable preservative oils are supplied by most oil companies.
Example: Dinitrol 40 or equivalent.

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Preparations for storage
Environment
Use a container to avoid spillage when draining the oil, coolant
and reductant. Dispose of used fluids through an authorised waste
disposal contractor.
1. Drain and flush the cooling system. Top up with preservative
coolant.
2. Warm up the engine on normal fuel. Stop the engine and
drain the oil.
3. Renew the fuel filter.
4. Fill the engine with preservative oil up to the minimum level
on the dipstick.
5. Mix preservative fuel in a can. Detach the fuel pipe at the feed
pump suction line and connect a hose from the can.
6. Detach the fuel pipe at the overflow valve and connect a re-
turn hose to the can.
7. Start the engine and run it at about 1,000 rpm for 20-25 min-
utes.
8. Stop the engine, remove the hoses and connect the normal
fuel pipes.
9. Remove the rocker covers and lubricate the valve mecha-
nisms with plenty of preservative oil. Refit the rocker covers.

Note:
Do not remove the injectors.

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10. Drain the preservative oil from the engine. Fill with new en-
gine oil immediately or when the engine is to be reused.
11. Drain the coolant if the engine is not to be stored with coolant
in the system. Plug and tape all coolant connections if the en-
gine is to be stored without a cooling system.
12. Air cleaner: clean or renew the filter element.
13. Cover air intakes and exhaust pipes.
14. Alternator and starter motor: Spray with water-repellent anti-
corrosive oil, CRC 226, LPS1 or the equivalent.
15. Spray the outside of bright engine parts, first with penetrating
preservative oil such as Dinitrol 25B and then with Dinitrol
112 or the equivalent.

Clearly mark the engine with the storage preparation date, and
state that the engine must not be started or cranked.
If the engine is to stand idle for more than a year:
• Drain the reductant from the reductant tank.

Batteries
Remove the batteries for trickle charging at a charging station
(this does not apply to batteries which are maintenance-free ac-
cording to the manufacturer).
The same applies to short-term storage, even if the engine has not
been prepared for storage as above.

WARNING!

Wear gloves and protective goggles when charging and handling

batteries. The batteries contain a highly corrosive acid.

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Storage
After the preparations, the engine should be stored in a dry and
warm place (room temperature).

When the engine is to be taken into operation

again
• Remove plugs and tape from coolant connections, air intakes
and exhaust pipes.
• Fill the cooling system with coolant. For more information re-
fer to Inspections.
• Check the oil level in the engine or fill up with fresh engine
oil.
• Lubricate the valve mechanisms and their pushrods and valve
tappets as well as the injector mechanisms with plenty of oil.
• Drain the preservative fuel from the fuel manifold and fuel fil-
ter.
• Connect and bleed the fuel system. For more information refer
to the section headed Inspection.
• Wash off any preservative oil on the outside using white spirit.

If the engine is equipped with an SCR system which has been

drained and cleaned:
• Fill the reductant tank with reductant.

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Technical data
General data

Number of cylinders and configuration 5, straight

Working principle 4 stroke engine
Cylinder diameter (mm/in) 130/5.12
Cylinder diameter (mm/in) 140/5.51
Displacement (dm3/in3) 9.3/567.5
Firing sequence 1-2-4-5-3
Compression ratio 16:1
Engine direction of rotation, viewed from rear Anticlockwise
Fan direction of rotation, viewed from front Clockwise
Cooling Coolant
Valve clearances, cold engine
intake valve (mm/in) 0.45/0.02
outlet valve (mm/in) 0.70/0.03
Number of teeth on the flywheel 158
Low idle speed (rpm) 600–750
Maximum full-load speed (rpm) 2 100
Fuel Diesel
Weight, without coolant and oil (kg/lb) 950/2094

Lubrication system

Oil capacity See Inspection

Oil cleaning Centrifugal oil cleaning
Oil cooler Coolant cooling, full
flow
Oil filter Paper filter from Scania
Interval between oil changes (h) 500
Oil pressure (kp/cm2(bar)/psi)
normal with the engine at operating temperature, operating speed 3–6/43.5–87
minimum permitted at idling speed 0.7/10.2
Crankcase pressure with closed crankcase ventilation (mmH2O/ -55–+20/-2.2–+0.8
inH2O)

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Injection system

Type XPI (Extra High Pres-

sure Injection)
Control system EMS
Fuel filter Paper filter from Scania
Fuel filter with water separator Paper filter from Scania

Cooling system

Volume, excluding radiator (dm3/US gallons) 15/4.0

Coolant temperature (°C/°F) 80–90/176–194
Number of thermostats 1
Thermostat, opening temperature (°C/°F) 80/176

Intake system

Permissible pressure drop in the system with cleaned or new filter 400/16
(mmH2O/inH2O)
Permissible pressure drop in the system with a clogged (dirty) filter 650/26
(mmH2O/inH2O)

Electrical systems

Type 1-pin, 24 V, DC
Starter motor (standard equipment) 1-pin, 24 V, 5.5 kW
Alternator (standard equipment) 1-pin, 28 V, 100 A

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Diesel
Composition of the fuel
The composition of the fuel is extremely important for the oper-
ation and service life of the engine and injection system. The en-
gine output and exhaust gases are also dependent on the fuel
grade.
The requirements and testing standards for the most important
characteristics are described in the Workshop Manual which can
be ordered from Scania dealers or directly from Scania.
The fuel must conform to EU standard EN 590.
The table shows some of the key properties:

Property Requirements
Viscosity at 40°C/104°F 2.0–4.5 cSt
Density at 15°C/59°F 0.82-0.86 cSt
Ignitability (CET rating) min 49
Flashpoint 56°C/132°F

Fuel with a higher sulphur content than

the standard
The short term use of fuel with a higher sulphur content than that
specified in the standard will not cause permanent damage to a
catalytic converter. The catalytic converter may, however, re-
quire fuel with a low sulphur content for some time after this to
regain its normal efficiency.
There is a risk that the catalytic converter will not work properly
if fuel with a very high sulphur content is used for an extended
period, resulting in a reduction of engine torque.

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Temperature dependency of the fuel
At temperatures lower than those specified for the fuel, paraffin
wax may precipitate from the fuel and block filters and pipes. The
engine can then lose power or stop.
The fuel is adapted for use in the specific climate of each country.
If a vehicle or an engine is to be operated in a temperature zone
with a temperature lower than normal, first identify the tempera-
ture properties of that particular fuel.
The properties of the fuel when cold can be improved by adopting
one of the following measures before the temperature drops:
• Install an electric fuel heater if this particular fuel is not suit-
able for the expected temperature, and no fuel is available
with the correct temperature properties.
• Add 0.5 - 2% alcohol (isopropanol) to prevent any water in the
fuel from freezing and forming plugs of ice. Drain fuel tanks
and drain or renew fuel filters regularly.

IMPORTANT!

• Mixing kerosene or other paraffins with the fuel is prohibited.

The injectors may be damaged.
• Mixing petrol with the fuel is prohibited. In the long term pet-
rol can cause wear in the injectors and engine.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden
Scania Assistance
Wherever you are you can always get assistance from our service
organisation, Scania Assistance. All day, every day of the year.
Using Scania Assistance is free, but the cost of repairs, spare
parts and help from mechanics will be debited.
Always call the contact for your country.

AR 0800 999 722 642 IE +353 71 9634000

AT +43 1 256 44 11 IT +39 0461 996 222
AU 1300 SCANIA KR +82 1588 6575
1300 722642 LU +32 226 400 000
BE +32 2 264 00 00 MA +34 91 678 92 13
BG +359 886 660001 MX 01 800 4SCANIA
BR 0800 019 42 24 NL +31 70 4182666
CA +1-800-2-SCANIA NO +47 223 217 00
CH +41 800 55 24 00 PL +48 602 622 465
CL 188 800 722 642 PT +48 91 678 9247
CZ +420 225 020 225 RO +40 723 27 27 26
DE +49 261 887 8888 SE +46 42 100 100
DK +45 333 270 44 SK +421 903 722 048
ES +34 91 678 80 58 TR +90 212 335 04 40
FI +358 10 555 24 TZ +255 78 472 2642
FR +33 2 414 132 32 US 1-800-2-SCANIA
GB 0 800 800 660 UY 0800 8351
+44 1274 301260 ZA 0800 005 798
GR +30 6944 420 410 +27 11 661 9823
HU +36 209 727 197

Other countries: +46 8 52 24 24 24

Note:
Calls will be recorded for training purposes.

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© Scania CV AB 2010, Sweden