1. The document provides instructions for answering questions about matrix fundamentals and stiffness approaches for structural analysis. Questions cover topics like defining matrix types, operations, and equations; formulating stiffness matrices for springs and trusses; and analyzing a space truss.
2. Students are asked to formulate the stiffness matrix for systems of connected springs and carts, considering displacement, force, and stiffness relationships.
3. Nearly identical truss problems are presented to demonstrate modifying an existing stiffness matrix for new load cases, without repeating the full computational process. Modifying existing models for design changes is common in engineering.
1. The document provides instructions for answering questions about matrix fundamentals and stiffness approaches for structural analysis. Questions cover topics like defining matrix types, operations, and equations; formulating stiffness matrices for springs and trusses; and analyzing a space truss.
2. Students are asked to formulate the stiffness matrix for systems of connected springs and carts, considering displacement, force, and stiffness relationships.
3. Nearly identical truss problems are presented to demonstrate modifying an existing stiffness matrix for new load cases, without repeating the full computational process. Modifying existing models for design changes is common in engineering.
1. The document provides instructions for answering questions about matrix fundamentals and stiffness approaches for structural analysis. Questions cover topics like defining matrix types, operations, and equations; formulating stiffness matrices for springs and trusses; and analyzing a space truss.
2. Students are asked to formulate the stiffness matrix for systems of connected springs and carts, considering displacement, force, and stiffness relationships.
3. Nearly identical truss problems are presented to demonstrate modifying an existing stiffness matrix for new load cases, without repeating the full computational process. Modifying existing models for design changes is common in engineering.
1. The document provides instructions for answering questions about matrix fundamentals and stiffness approaches for structural analysis. Questions cover topics like defining matrix types, operations, and equations; formulating stiffness matrices for springs and trusses; and analyzing a space truss.
2. Students are asked to formulate the stiffness matrix for systems of connected springs and carts, considering displacement, force, and stiffness relationships.
3. Nearly identical truss problems are presented to demonstrate modifying an existing stiffness matrix for new load cases, without repeating the full computational process. Modifying existing models for design changes is common in engineering.
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Assignment 1
ENG. 9501 Matrix Fundamentals Answer the following and illustrate with an example of your choice.
1) Review of matrix and other concepts
a) Define a matrix, a vector, and a square matrix. b) What is a symmetric matrix, unit matrix, sparse matrix, orthogonal matrix, singular matrix and a matrix equation? c) What do matrix equations represent? d) Define and illustrate matrix operations of addition, multiplication, division, transpose, inverse, differentiation and integration. e) Define the cofactor and adjoint of matrix. f) Illustrate Gauss elimination with a small example. g) Do you know of any other methods similar to Gauss elimination? Briefly describe. h) What is numerical integration? Give the methods you already studied and illustrate with a small example.
Stiffness Approach Fundamentals
2) Springs: a) Formulate the stiffness matrix equation for a simple spring. Identify the D.O.F. Use solid mechanics approach and get the stiffness equation. Repeat the process using total potential approach. Note that you need not formulate the internal displacement function for a spring -directly write down the total strain energy expression for the spring. b) Three rigid carts are connected to each other with springs as shown. The system can only move in the horizontal plane. Formulate the stiffness matrix equation by assembling it form the element matrices. Explicitly write down the compatibility and equilibrium conditions. Find all displacements, spring forces, etc. c) Formulate the global equations using the basic definition of the stiffness coefficient -do not use the element matrix approach. k3 = 4 kN/mm k2 = 2 kN/mm 5 kN k1 = 1 kN/mm 7 kN 25 kN k4 = 2 kN/mm k5 = 3 kN/mm 3) Trusses: Solve the following nearly identical problems. You are expected not to form the full stiffness matrix three times. For parts (a-2) and (a-3), use the matrix already generated and modify as needed. Comment on the process of additions to geometry and loading. Note that this process is very common in real designs. Initial designs get modified and new loads are added. However, full computational effort must not be repeated each time, if possible. E = 200,000 N/mm2.
(3-a) P=100 kN
All members have 2000
mm2 steel c/s. The truss is 4mx4m
P=?
All members have 2000
(3-b) mm2 steel c/s. The truss is 4mx4m. The spring has a stiffness of 10000 kN/m. Find the maximum load P that can be carried.
50 kN 50 kN P=50 kN
(3-c) All members have 2000
mm2 steel c/s. The truss is 4mx4m. The spring has a stiffness of 10000 kN/m. 4) For the following space truss, find member forces, stresses and strains. Coordinates are given for each node. All members have an area of 10000 mm2 and E=200000MPa.
