ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RAFT FOUNDATION (4 COLUMNS IN 1 FOUNDATION ONLY)

ASpectrum Designs Plus Engineering Services Project Title: SAMPLE STRUCTURAL

Address: 8487 Sandoval Avenue, Pinagbuhatan, Pasig City 1602 Project Location: MANILA
Contact: 09982028893 Structural Engineer: Engr. Andro S Rebuyas, RCE, ME-1, RMP, M.Eng-SE
Gmail add: asrebuyas.wvc@gmail.com Membership: M.PICE, M.ASCE, M.PAMEA, M.FPEA, M.PSUMP, M.NAMPAP, M.SEAD

INPUT DIMENSIONS

z Z - axis z
1.050 0.4

0.6 7 x 9 x

0.75
X - axis
1.5 z z 3.6

8 x 0.75 10 x

1.050

0.750 1.5 0.750

FGL

1.25
2.0

0.75

INPUT DATA

Ws = 1.8 T/m3 Unit Weight of Soil

Dw = 1 T/m3 Density of Water
Wc = 2.5 T/m3 Unit Weight of Concrete
2
f'c = 30 N/mm Compressive strength of concrete
fy = 415 N/mm2 Yield strength of steel
m= 0.5 Coefficient of Friction
2
Net SBC = 8 T/m Net SBC
2
Gross SBC = 13.6 Gross SBC T/m ------ Where increase in SBC is allowed.

Lf = 3 m Length of Foundation
Wf = 3.6 m Width of Foundation
Tf = 0.75 m Thickness of Foundation
Df = 2 m Founding Depth
Lp = 0.4 m Length of Pedestal
Wp = 0.6 m Width of Pedestal
Hp = 1.25 m Height of Pedestal

20.25 T Selfweight of Foundation 3 x 3.6 x 0.75 x 2.5

12.15 T Buoyant selfweight of Foundation 3 x 3.6 x 0.75 x 1.5
22.14 T Selfweight of Soil 1.8 x 1.25 x ( 3 x 3.6 - 0.6 x 0.4 x 4 )
9.84 T Buyoant selfweight of Soil 0.8 x 1.25 x ( 3 x 3.6 - 0.6 x 0.4 x 4 )
3 T Selfweight of Pedestal 2.5 x 0.6 x 0.4 x 1.25 x 4
1.8 T Buoyant selfweight of Pedestal 1.5 x 0.6 x 0.4 x 1.25 x 4
45.39 T Total weight without buoyancy 20.25 + 22.14 + 3
23.79 T Total weight with buoyancy 12.15 + 9.84 + 1.8

LOAD ON COLUMN A1: (AT FOUNDATION LEVEL) - STAAD INPUT

Col. No. Comb No. Load Combination FORCE-X FORCE-Y FORCE-Z MOM-X MOM-Y MOM Z
7 1 10 (SELF+WL+X) -0.184 0.105 -0.017 -0.04 0 0.42
2 11 (SELF+WL-X) 0.097 2.203 0.033 0.07 0 -0.22
3 12 (SELF+WL+Z) 0.141 -4.62 -0.926 -2.13 0 -0.32
4 13 (SELF+WL-Z) -0.228 6.925 0.941 2.16 0 0.52
5 14 -0.196 -0.868 -0.141 -0.32 0 0.45
6 15 (SELF+PO+WL+X) -0.336 -1.916 -0.166 -0.38 0 0.77
7 16 (SELF+PO+WL-X) -0.056 0.182 -0.116 -0.27 0 0.13
8 17 (SELF+PO+WL+Z) -0.012 -6.64 -1.074 -2.47 0 0.03
9 18 (SELF+PO+WL-Z) -0.38 4.904 0.793 1.82 0 0.87

LOAD ON COLUMN B2: (AT FOUNDATION LEVEL) - STAAD INPUT

Col. No. Comb No. Load Combination FORCE-X FORCE-Y FORCE-Z MOM-X MOM-Y MOM Z
9 1 10 (SELF+WL+X) -0.212 3.032 0.051 0.12 0 0.49
2 11 (SELF+WL-X) 0.058 0.932 0.002 0.01 0 -0.13
3 12 (SELF+WL+Z) 0.378 -3.629 -0.206 -0.47 0 -0.87
4 13 (SELF+WL-Z) -0.532 7.595 0.26 0.6 0 1.22
5 14 -0.22 3.492 0.069 0.16 0 0.51
6 15 (SELF+PO+WL+X) -0.355 4.541 0.093 0.21 0 0.82
7 16 (SELF+PO+WL-X) -0.084 2.441 0.044 0.1 0 0.19
8 17 (SELF+PO+WL+Z) 0.235 -2.12 -0.165 -0.38 0 -0.54
9 18 (SELF+PO+WL-Z) -0.675 9.105 0.302 0.69 0 1.55

SEE NEXT PAGE

 LOAD ON COLUMN A2: (AT FOUNDATION LEVEL) - STAAD INPUT

Col. No. Comb No. Load Combination FORCE-X FORCE-Y FORCE-Z MOM-X MOM-Y MOM Z
8 1 10 (SELF+WL+X) -0.184 0.105 0.017 0.04 0 0.42
2 11 (SELF+WL-X) 0.097 2.203 -0.033 -0.08 0 -0.22
3 12 (SELF+WL+Z) -0.223 6.973 -0.943 -2.17 0 0.51
4 13 (SELF+WL-Z) 0.136 -4.668 0.927 2.13 0 -0.31
5 14 -0.258 0.592 -0.097 -0.22 0 0.59
6 15 (SELF+PO+WL+X) -0.398 -0.455 -0.072 -0.17 0 0.92
7 16 (SELF+PO+WL-X) -0.117 1.642 -0.122 -0.28 0 0.27
8 17 (SELF+PO+WL+Z) -0.438 6.413 -1.032 -2.37 0 1.01
9 18 (SELF+PO+WL-Z) -0.078 -5.229 0.838 1.93 0 0.18

LOAD ON COLUMN B2: (AT FOUNDATION LEVEL) - STAAD INPUT

Col. No. Comb No. Load Combination FORCE-X FORCE-Y FORCE-Z MOM-X MOM-Y MOM Z
10 1 10 (SELF+WL+X) -0.213 3.032 -0.051 -0.12 0 0.49
2 11 (SELF+WL-X) 0.058 0.931 -0.002 0 0 -0.13
3 12 (SELF+WL+Z) -0.528 7.546 -0.259 -0.6 0 1.21
4 13 (SELF+WL-Z) 0.373 -3.581 0.206 0.47 0 -0.86
5 14 -0.35 4.888 -0.093 -0.21 0 0.81
6 15 (SELF+PO+WL+X) -0.485 5.937 -0.118 -0.27 0 1.12
7 16 (SELF+PO+WL-X) -0.215 3.837 -0.069 -0.16 0 0.49
8 17 (SELF+PO+WL+Z) -0.801 10.452 -0.326 -0.75 0 1.84
9 18 (SELF+PO+WL-Z) 0.1 -0.675 0.139 0.32 0 -0.23

SUMMARY OF LOADS: (AT FOUNDATION LEVEL) AND MOMENT ON C.G.

Due to Fy
JOINT LOAD FORCE-X FORCE-Y FORCE-Z MOM-X MOM-Y MOM Z JOINT LOAD FX FY FZ MX MY MZ
7 1 -0.184 0.105 -0.017 -0.04 0 0.42 7 1 -0.184 0.105 -0.017 -0.079 - -0.079
2 0.097 2.203 0.033 0.07 0 -0.22 2 0.097 2.203 0.033 -1.653 - -1.653
3 0.141 -4.62 -0.926 -2.13 0 -0.32 3 0.141 -4.62 -0.926 3.465 - 3.465
4 -0.228 6.925 0.941 2.16 0 0.52 4 -0.228 6.925 0.941 -5.194 - -5.194
5 -0.196 -0.868 -0.141 -0.32 0 0.45 5 -0.196 -0.868 -0.141 0.651 - 0.651
6 -0.336 -1.916 -0.166 -0.38 0 0.77 6 -0.336 -1.916 -0.166 1.437 - 1.437
7 -0.056 0.182 -0.116 -0.27 0 0.13 7 -0.056 0.182 -0.116 -0.137 - -0.137
8 -0.012 -6.64 -1.074 -2.47 0 0.03 8 -0.012 -6.64 -1.074 4.98 - 4.98
9 -0.38 4.904 0.793 1.82 0 0.87 9 -0.38 4.904 0.793 -3.678 - -3.678

8 1 -0.184 0.105 0.017 0.04 0 0.42 9 1 -0.212 3.032 0.051 -2.274 - 2.274
2 0.097 2.203 -0.033 -0.08 0 -0.22 2 0.058 0.932 0.002 -0.699 - 0.699
3 -0.223 6.973 -0.943 -2.17 0 0.51 3 0.378 -3.629 -0.206 2.722 - -2.722
4 0.136 -4.668 0.927 2.13 0 -0.31 4 -0.532 7.595 0.26 -5.697 - 5.697
5 -0.258 0.592 -0.097 -0.22 0 0.59 5 -0.22 3.492 0.069 -2.619 - 2.619
6 -0.398 -0.455 -0.072 -0.17 0 0.92 6 -0.355 4.541 0.093 -3.406 - 3.406
7 -0.117 1.642 -0.122 -0.28 0 0.27 7 -0.084 2.441 0.044 -1.831 - 1.831
8 -0.438 6.413 -1.032 -2.37 0 1.01 8 0.235 -2.12 -0.165 1.59 - -1.59
9 -0.078 -5.229 0.838 1.93 0 0.18 9 -0.675 9.105 0.302 -6.829 - 6.829

9 1 -0.212 3.032 0.051 0.12 0 0.49 8 1 -0.184 0.105 0.017 0.079 - -0.079
2 0.058 0.932 0.002 0.01 0 -0.13 2 0.097 2.203 -0.033 1.653 - -1.653
3 0.378 -3.629 -0.206 -0.47 0 -0.87 3 -0.223 6.973 -0.943 5.23 - -5.23
4 -0.532 7.595 0.26 0.6 0 1.22 4 0.136 -4.668 0.927 -3.501 - 3.501
5 -0.22 3.492 0.069 0.16 0 0.51 5 -0.258 0.592 -0.097 0.444 - -0.444
6 -0.355 4.541 0.093 0.21 0 0.82 6 -0.398 -0.455 -0.072 -0.342 - 0.342
7 -0.084 2.441 0.044 0.1 0 0.19 7 -0.117 1.642 -0.122 1.232 - -1.232
8 0.235 -2.12 -0.165 -0.38 0 -0.54 8 -0.438 6.413 -1.032 4.81 - -4.81
9 -0.675 9.105 0.302 0.69 0 1.55 9 -0.078 -5.229 0.838 -3.922 - 3.922

10 1 -0.213 3.032 -0.051 -0.12 0 0.49 10 1 -0.213 3.032 -0.051 2.274 - 2.274
2 0.058 0.931 -0.002 0 0 -0.13 2 0.058 0.931 -0.002 0.699 - 0.699
3 -0.528 7.546 -0.259 -0.6 0 1.21 3 -0.528 7.546 -0.259 5.66 - 5.66
4 0.373 -3.581 0.206 0.47 0 -0.86 4 0.373 -3.581 0.206 -2.686 - -2.686
5 -0.35 4.888 -0.093 -0.21 0 0.81 5 -0.35 4.888 -0.093 3.666 - 3.666
6 -0.485 5.937 -0.118 -0.27 0 1.12 6 -0.485 5.937 -0.118 4.453 - 4.453
7 -0.215 3.837 -0.069 -0.16 0 0.49 7 -0.215 3.837 -0.069 2.878 - 2.878
8 -0.801 10.452 -0.326 -0.75 0 1.84 8 -0.801 10.452 -0.326 7.839 - 7.839
9 0.1 -0.675 0.139 0.32 0 -0.23 9 0.1 -0.675 0.139 -0.507 - -0.507

TOTAL REACTIONS ON FOUNDATION

TOTAL
LOAD FX FY FZ Mxx1 Mxx2 Mxx Mzz1 Mzz2 Mzz
due to FY External Mxx1+Mxx2 due to FY External Mzz1+Mzz2
1 -0.793 6.274 0 0 0 0 4.39 1.82 6.21
2 0.31 6.269 0 0 -5.2E-18 -5.2E-18 -1.908 -0.7 -2.608
3 -0.232 6.27 -2.334 17.077 5.37 22.447 1.173 0.53 1.703
4 -0.251 6.271 2.334 -17.078 -5.36 -22.438 1.318 0.57 1.888
5 -1.024 8.104 -0.262 2.142 0.59 2.732 6.492 2.36 8.852
6 -1.574 8.107 -0.263 2.142 0.61 2.752 9.638 3.63 13.268
7 -0.472 8.102 -0.263 2.142 0.61 2.752 3.34 1.08 4.42
8 -1.016 8.105 -2.597 19.219 5.97 25.189 6.419 2.34 8.759
9 -1.033 8.105 2.072 -14.936 -4.76 -19.696 6.566 2.37 8.936

SEE NEXT PAGE

 CHECK FOR STABILITY

Check For stability

a) Against Overturing :- (Check is done only for with buoyancy case)

It is ensured that all the four corners of foundation are in compression for all the load cases.
This means foundation will not loose contact and safe against overturning.

b) Against Sliding : (Check is done only for with buoyancy case)

Total Sliding Forces Restoring Forces

External Soil,Fdn, Total
Load 0.5* F.O.S. Result
Fx Fz Resultant Load Pedestal Load
(1+2)
1 2 1+2
1 -0.793 0 0.79 6.274 23.79 30.064 15.04 19.04 Safe
2 0.31 0 0.31 6.269 23.79 30.059 15.03 48.48 Safe
3 -0.232 -2.334 2.35 6.27 23.79 30.06 15.03 6.4 Safe
4 -0.251 2.334 2.35 6.271 23.79 30.061 15.04 6.4 Safe
5 -1.024 -0.262 1.06 8.104 23.79 31.894 15.95 15.05 Safe
6 -1.574 -0.263 1.6 8.107 23.79 31.897 15.95 9.97 Safe
7 -0.472 -0.263 0.54 8.102 23.79 31.892 15.95 29.54 Safe
8 -1.016 -2.597 2.79 8.105 23.79 31.895 15.95 5.72 Safe
9 -1.033 2.072 2.32 8.105 23.79 31.895 15.95 6.88 Safe

CHECK FOR BEARING PRESSURE

Check For Bearing Preasure:

Check For Pressure At All The Corners (With Buoyancy)

Fy From Soil+ Fdn Fy/A Mxx/Zxx Mzz/Zzz

Load Fy Mxx Mzz 1+2-3 1+2+3 1-2+3 1-2-3
Load +Ped 1 2 3
1 6.274 23.79 30.064 0 6.21 2.78 0 1.15 1.63 3.93 3.93 1.63
2 6.269 23.79 30.059 -5.2E-18 -2.608 2.78 0 0.48 2.3 3.26 3.26 2.3
3 6.27 23.79 30.06 22.447 1.703 2.78 3.46 0.32 5.92 6.56 -0.36 -1
4 6.271 23.79 30.061 -22.438 1.888 2.78 3.46 0.35 5.89 6.59 -0.33 -1.03
5 8.104 23.79 31.894 2.732 8.852 2.95 0.42 1.64 1.73 5.01 4.17 0.89
6 8.107 23.79 31.897 2.752 13.268 2.95 0.42 2.46 0.91 5.83 4.99 0.07
7 8.102 23.79 31.892 2.752 4.42 2.95 0.42 0.82 2.55 4.19 3.35 1.71
8 8.105 23.79 31.895 25.189 8.759 2.95 3.89 1.62 5.22 8.46 0.68 -2.56
9 8.105 23.79 31.895 -19.696 8.936 2.95 3.04 1.65 4.34 7.64 1.56 -1.74

CHECK FOR PRESSURE AT ALL THE CORNERS (WITHOUT BOUYANCY)

Check For Pressure At All The Corners (Without Buoyancy)

Fy From Soil+ Fdn Fy/A Mxx/Zxx Mzz/Zzz

Load Fy Mxx Mzz 1+2-3 1+2+3 1-2+3 1-2-3
Load +Ped 1 2 3
1 6.274 45.39 51.664 0 6.21 4.78 0 1.15 3.63 5.93 5.93 3.63
2 6.269 45.39 51.659 -5.2E-18 -2.608 4.78 0 0.48 4.3 5.26 5.26 4.3
3 6.27 45.39 51.66 22.447 1.703 4.78 3.46 0.32 7.92 8.56 1.64 1
4 6.271 45.39 51.661 -22.438 1.888 4.78 3.46 0.35 7.89 8.59 1.67 0.97
5 8.104 45.39 53.494 2.732 8.852 4.95 0.42 1.64 3.73 7.01 6.17 2.89
6 8.107 45.39 53.497 2.752 13.268 4.95 0.42 2.46 2.91 7.83 6.99 2.07
7 8.102 45.39 53.492 2.752 4.42 4.95 0.42 0.82 4.55 6.19 5.35 3.71
8 8.105 45.39 53.495 25.189 8.759 4.95 3.89 1.62 7.22 10.46 2.68 -0.56
9 8.105 45.39 53.495 -19.696 8.936 4.95 3.04 1.65 6.34 9.64 3.56 0.26

pmax = 10.46 t/sqm

pmin = -0.56 t/sqm

CALCULATION FOR LOSS CONTACT AREA

4Cx

Y ex Cx

My

Cy
P
ey
X
B = 3.6
Mx X
4Cy

L= 3 m
DP = 2.0 M Depth of foundation below F.G.L
L= 3 M Length of foundation
B= 3.60 M Width of foundation
P= 31.8 T Total vertical load on foundation
Mx = 25 T-m Moment about X axis
My = 9 T-m Momoent about Y axis
A= 10.8 m2 Area = L x B
Zxx = 6.48 m3 Zxx = L x B 2 / 6
Zyy = 5.40 m3 Zyy = B x A 2 / 6
ex = 0.28 m < L/6= 0.500 m ex = My / P
ey = 0.79 m > B/6= 0.600 m ey = Mx / P

ECCENTRICITY IS OUTSIDE KERN FOOTING IS IN TENSION

Cx = 1.22 m Cx = (L / 2) - ex ex / L = 0.09
Cy = 1.01 m Cy = (B / 2) - ey ey / B = 0.22
Pmin = -2.58 T/m2 P min = (P / A) - (Mx / Zxx) - (My / Zyy) µ= 3.1 For corresponding (ex / L) and (ey / B) value of µ
2
-25.8 N/mm Mep = 9.13 T/m2 Maximum edge pressure T/m2
SBC = 8.0 Safe bearing capacity
AGBC = 13.6 T/m2 Allowable gross bearing capacity 8*1.25+1.8*2=

SEE NEXT PAGE

 CALCULATION FOR LOSS CONTACT AREA

4.9
1.9 3

1.56
3.6

2.04 4.1

0.5

2.45 0.55

23.22 % % Loss of contact area

CHECK FOR SHEAR (TWO WAY SHEAR)

a) Two Way Shear

Limit State Method

d/2

3.6 d/2

0.75 0.75

Critical Section = At distance d/2 from face of column

CG = 30 N/mm2 Concrete Grade

Column Details

C1 = 400 mm Length
C2 = 600 mm Width

Foundation Details

L= 1500 mm Length
W= 3600 mm Width
D= 675 mm Effective Depth
Ps = 0.2 % Percentage of Steel

Punching Load

MLC = 9.105 T Maximum Load on Column

9.105 x ( 1.5 x 3.6 - 1.075 x 1.275 ) Punching Shear

1.5 x 3.6

P= 7 Ton

Shear Resistance Of Concrete (Vc)

vc x bc x d -----Refer to clause no. 31.6.3.1 of IS 456

where
vc = ks x tc
ks = 0.5 + bc
-----should not be greater than 1
bc = Short Side Of Column / Long Side Of Column

400
600
0.667
ks = 1
tc = 1.37 N/mm2

bc = Appropriate perimeter at distance d/2

1075 Length of critical section

1275 Width of critical section
4700 Perimeter of critical section

105000
DR = Depth Required
1.37 x4700
DR = 16.31 mm
SR = 434 T Shear Resistance 1.37 x 4700 x 675 / 10000

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 CHECK FOR SHEAR (ONE WAY SHEAR)

B) One Way Shear 1.5

0.825

3.6 d

-0.125 0.88 -0.13

0.75 1.5

Critical Section = At distance d from face of column

MP = 6.335 T/m2 Maximum Pressure = ---- For without Buoynacy Condition

At Length

Lc = 3600 mm Length at critical section

Wc = -125 mm Width at critical section
SF = -3 T Shear Force 6.335 x 3.6 x -0.125

At Width

Lc = 1500 mm Length at critical section

Wc = 825 mm Width at critical section
SF = 8 T Shear Force 6.335 x 1.5 x 0.825

DSS = 8 T Designed Shear Stress

CL = 1500 mm Corresponding Length
0.33 N/mm2 Allowable Shear Stress ----Refer Table 19 of IS 456
k= 1 ---- Refer clause no. 40.2 of IS 456
tc = 0.33 N/mm2

Depth Required

120000
0.33 x 1500
243 mm

DESIGN OF FOUNDATION

a) Calculation of reinforcement at bottom

MP = 10.46 T/m2 Maximum Pressure --- Without Buoyancy Load Case

pd = 3.93 T/m2 Pre. due to pcc & fdn wt ( 20.25 + 22.14 ) / ( 3 x 3.6 )
NCM = 6.53 T/m2 Net causing moment
MPF = 0.75 m Maximum Projection of fdn
BM = 1.84 Tm Bending Moment 6.53 x 0.75 x 0.75 / 2

Ast = 0.5 x fck x b x d 1- (4.6 x Mu )

1-
fy fck x b x d2

Ast = 113.57 mm2 Ast

0.12 % Minimum percentage of rebar
Ast = 900 mm2 Ast
Use = 16 mm diameter of rebar
Ar = 200.96 mm2 Area of rebar
S= 200 mm Spacing
Sp = 150 Provide Spacing
Ap = 1339.73 mm2 Area Provided

Provide 16 mm dia Bars @ 150 mm spacing bothways

b) Calculation of reinforcement at top

AL = 6.53 T/m2 Area Load

MP = 1.5 m Maximum Projection of fdn
M= 1.47 Tm Bending Moment 6.53 x 1.5 x 1.5 / 10

0.5 x fck x b x d 1- (4.6 x Mu )

Ast = 1-
fy fck x b x d2

Ast = 90.69 mm2 Ast

0.12 % Minimum percentage of rebar
Ast = 900 mm2 Ast
Use = 16 mm diameter of rebar
Ar = 200.96 mm2 Area of rebar
S= 223 mm Spacing
Sp = 150 mm Provide Spacing
Ap = 1339.7333 mm2 Area Provided

Provide 16 mm dia Bars @ 150 mm spacing bothways

Summary of Design :

Dimensions

L= 3000 mm Length Of Footing

W= 3600 mm WIdth Of Footing
D= 750 mm Depth Of Footing

Reinforcement :

At Top : Provide 16 mm dia Bars @ 150 mm spacing bothways

At Bottom : Provide 16 mm dia Bars @ 150 mm spacing bothways

This Spreadsheets is licensed only to Engr. Andro S. Rebuyas, RCE, ME-1, RMP, M.Eng-SE, M.PICE, M.ASCE, M.SEAD