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MATHEMATICS FOR 8™ CLASS (UNIT 5
ASAN Math For Class 8° Pol
POLYNOMIALS
Which of the following algebraic expressions are
polynomials?
@ — 6y+9 = Polynomial
7
42x45 =-non polynomial
(iil) 6y = non polynomial
(iv) 27+ 3x+2 = non polynomial
() 2 +7 = Polynomials
3
wi) y-2 4 = Polynomials
2. Write the degree of the following polynomials and also
recognize number of variables. .
@. 9x47
Dégree = 1, Variables = 1
(i) 62 ~3x42
Degree = 2, Variables = 1
(ii) 7
Degree = 0, Variables = 0
(iv) 10x + 6x7 +10
Degree = 4, Variables = 1
(x= 10xy?
Degree = 3, Variables =
VD) Ox + Ixy +12
Degree = 2, Variables = 2
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MATHEMATICS FOR 8™ CLASS (UNIT 5
ASAN Math For 1 “olynomia| ils
Wil) Y- ro +y
Degree = 5, Variables = 3
(ili) xyz + 6y'2 +82?
Degree = 5, Variables = 3
3. Which af he following are linear, quadratic and cubic
polynomial
@ 9x+7
= Linear
(ii) 6x?-3x+2
Quadratic
(iii) 2x? +2x7-4
- = Cubic
(iv) x70 +1
= Quadratic
W) ©-6
= Cubic
(vi) x
= Linear
EXERCISE 5.2
1. Find the sum of following polynomials.
@ 6x'+ 10x? +5, 8x70 3
= [6x' + 10x? +5] + (8x! ~ 7x? - 3]
= 6x* + 10x" +5 + 8x4— 7x23
= 6x1 + 8x! + 10x? 7x7 + 5-3
= M4xd+3x2+2 Ans,
(i) Sx-6x? +37, - 8x +6x7— 10x? +4
= [Sx~6x? + x°] + 8x4 6x? — 10x? + x4]
= Sx- 6x2 + x) — 8x + 6x2 — 10x? +x!
= Sx-8x~ 6x" + 6x? + x? — 0x7 +x4
= 3x-9x +x!
= x'~98 + 3x
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MATHEMATICS FOR 8™ CLASS (UNIT 5
ASAN Math For Class 122 ‘olynomials
Gilt) 2x* 2x9 + 6x —1, 3x4 43 - 5x43
= [ax'—2x? + 6x —1] + (3x"- 4x? —5x +3]
= 2x! 2x° + 6x—1 43x! = 4x? — 5x43
= 2x! + 3x! ~ 2x" -4x" + 6x —5x-143
= 5x4 6x0 +x+2
(iv) 7x'—6x? + 10x-9, 6x! + 10x? = 7x + 11
= [7x' 6x? + 10x—9] + [6x4 + 10x? — 7x + 11]
= Ix! — 6x + 10x -9 + 6x! +100 -7x+ 11
Tx! + 6x! — 6x) + 10x + 10x-7x-9+ I
= 13x! 44x? +3x+2
(¥) - 10x*-10x? + 5x" —6x+3, 5x*+8x?— 3x7 + 7x-10
= [10x"— 10x? + 5x? — 6x +3] + [5x! + 8x? — 3x7 + 7x — 10]
= 10x' 10x? + 5x" — 6x +3 + 5x4 + 8x? — 3x7 + 7x-10
= 10x! + Sx! — 10x) + 8x? + 5x? 3x? — 6x + 7x4+3—10
= 15x4 —2x9 + 2x7 + x-7
2 A= 48-3 +
B = 6%’ -5y" +8
C= -2r' +67 -%
then find A+B+C.
[4x? — 3y? + 52] + (6x? — Sy? + 82] + [- 2x? + 6y?—92]
= 4x —3y? + 524 6x) ~ Sy? + 822%? + 6y* —
= 4x) + 6° - 2x9 —3y?— Sy? + 6y? + 52+ 82-92
= 8x -2y +42
3 If P= 3x? + dxy-4y"
Q = x -3iy + 5
R=-42 txyty’
then find P+2Q-R.
= [3x2 + dxy—y4] +2 fe axy + 5y7] -[Eax? + xy + 7]
= 3x + dy — dy? + 2x2 — xy + 10y? + 4x? — xy — y?
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MATHEMATICS FOR 8™ CLASS (UNIT 5
ASAN Math For Cla:
= 3x2 +2x? + 4x? + xy — xy— dy? + L0y?—y? — Gy
= 9x7 —3xy + Sy”
4. Subtract
6843x241 from Bx! + 4x +x-1
= [xt + 4x2 +x - 1) - {6x9 +3x°-x4 1)
= trl 4x x—1 6x! 3x? + x1
= 8x! 6x! + 4x2 3x7 +x+x-1
= ox! +x7 4+ 2x-2
(i) x8 49x24 3x +2-from x4 +7 +2x+9
= fb +70 +2x+9)—[x* + 9x? +3x+ 2]
= xf +78 +2x+9-x'— 9x —3x—2
-f- +70 — 98 + I2x-3x+9-2
= -2x-x+7
ay? + 5y2—9y-10 from 4y? + 9y? + 6y + 13
= [ay' + 99? + 6y +13] - fay’ + Sy -9y— 10]
= 4y' +99 + 6y + 13 -2y'— Sy" + 9y +10
= dy? —2y' +99" + sy? + 6y —9y + 13 +10
= dy’ + My?—3y +23
5. The sum of two quantities are 4x! + 6x*y? + 9". If one
of them is 2x’ + 6x’y’ + 6y”. Find the other.
Sum of two quantities = 4x° + 6x'y" + 9y°
One of them = 2x° + 6x’y" + 6y°
2nd quantity = ?
(ae +627 +99} ae + 6'y?+ 67)
4x° + 6x2y? + 9? — 2x° - 6x"y'- by?
4x) —2x? + 6x°y? - 6x2y" + 9y" — by?
= 2x +3y*
6. If the two sides of a triangle are x ~ y+4e and x+2y - Sz.
Find the third side when perimeter is 3x + 2y + 2
+ Two sides ofa triangle = x-y +4z and x + 2y—Sz
Perimeter = 3x+2y +z
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MATHEMATICS FOR 8™ CLASS (UNIT 5)
ASAN Math For Class 124 Polynomials
Third side of a triangle = ?
= [x-y+4z] + [x + 2y-5z]
= xtx-y+2y +42-5z
: = x+y-2
[Bx +2y+z]-[2x+y-z)
3x+2y+z—2x—yt+z
3x-2x+2y—y+2t+z
= xty+2z
Evaluate
1&4)? -5x-6)
= x(x°-5x-6)-4 (x?-5x-6)
= (0° — 5x? — 6x) = 4x? +20x 4.24
= 0 — 5x? — 4x" — 6x + 20x +24
= 92 + 14x +24
2 (@+b)(@?-ab+b’y
a” —ab+ 7) +b (a®—ab+b*)
= a°—a’b + ab’ +a°b~ ab? +b°
=a+b?
s 3. Qx-1)(?-3x-2)
= 2x(x?~3x-2)=1 (X= 3x-2)
= 2x’ - 6x? = 4x —x? +342
= 2x) 6x7 =x? 4x + 3x42
= 2 —71x7—x+2
4. wevrel-aly+y)
=x ce oxy ty) ty atx ty)
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MATHEMATICS FOR 8™ CLASS (UNIT 5
ASAN Math ForClasss® 195 Potynoeniats
& Rea ty)emay ty)
=¥@? cay yt ay Ot ayy +z @ set)
=x faxly-. xy “ey y fay +i oe +y!
* a ghey wy x +xly— xy ty!
=x ~2x*7 ty!
2 + 5x44) 02 -2:-6)
= ¥ (8 ~ 2x6) + 5x (x?—2n 6) +4 (x? 2x6)
= x! 2x? — 6x? + 5x3 — 10x? —30x + 4x2 8x — 24
> x! 2° + 5x — 6x2 — 10x” + 4x? — 30x - ax 24
= x! +3x°— 12x? — 38x 24
Gy* 27? + Ay— a7 7)
- 3 ¢ “D- 2" “ + Dea og" +-s07+»
= 37° aa ~3y! ~27 oo +4y- sy’-s
- ay +3y" ~2y +a -2y -sy +4y-5
= af ty +4y? =F a 5
(40 + 6x? = 4x43) (3x? — 4x +3)
= 4 (x? ~4x +3) + 6x? (3x? ~ 4x +3) —4x 3x? — 4x +3)
+3 (Bx’—4x +3)
= 1ax®— 16x4 + 1x9 + 18x5— 2602 + 182 — 10x! + 162
= 12x +9x~ 12x +3
= 128+ 18x — 16x! — 12x4 + 12x 24? 4+ 9x3 + 18?
+ 16x? — 12x — 12x +3
= 12x + 1x5 28x4— 3x + 34x? — 24x +3
Slomplify the following.
°® oe +e DE-—N +(e ane TN
-@ pon 428 -2x- xr +e +20 = 2x? 2x 4x41)
= « +x” -3xt I+? -x-x+tl1)
Po ax4]
=x te tei 3xxt 141
= 2x) —4x+2
3
=x tx 3x +1 +x
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MATHEMATICS FOR 8™ CLASS (UNIT 5
ASAN Math
:
.
:
Divide
Q) x + IK +12 by x43
x+4
xt3yxo +7412
+x?+3x
4x12
+4x+12
0
aie 0u
Q) 9x°+6x+1 by 3x+1
3x+1
3x+ 19x + 6x+1
£9x" +3
3x+1
+3x41
0
(io) of + y-1)- OF +2) 0-1
=y “y +3 ~sy)- y ty’ +2y'-2y)
ie Sy- e 2y? +2y
y +5y?~y? -2y?— Sy +2y
vay
y-3y
(1D) Gx=1) (6x +7) + (7x -2) 2x+ 5)
= (30x? + 35x — 6x -7) + (14x? +35x — 4x - 10),
30x? +35x— 6x —7 + 14x? +35x—4x—10
= 30x? + 14x? +29x + 35x—7—
34x" + 60x—17
EXERCISE 5.4
= Su+1
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MATHEMATICS FOR 8™ CLASS (UNIT 5)
a” jomnials
ASAN Math For
G) 3x +4xt1 bx+1
3x+1
x+ 13x" +4x+1
43x" + 3x
x41
txt!
0
= 3x+1
(4) a?—8ab+ 166? by a—4b
a-4b
a—4b Va" — Bab + 166
+a? —4ab
=
—4ab + 16b?
—4ab + 166?
0
(5) 6 -Sx+1 by 2x-1
3x-1
2x-1 V6 5x41
+ 6x? — 3x
a a
-2x+1
~2x+1
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MATHEMATICS FOR 8™ CLASS (UNIT 5)
(©) 5x°+7x~12 by x-1
Sx +12
15x" + 7x12
+ 5x7 = 5x
. = &
12x-12
+4x-12
= &
0
= Sx+12
MM x +1 by x+1
xoxt]
xtiVeed
S ASAN Math For Class pups
x41
2
“x =x
0
=x -xt1
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MATHEMATICS FOR 8™ CLASS (UNIT 5)
ASAN Math For Class 8% 129 Polynomials
(8) Sx°—7x"y—xy* +3y" by Sx+3y
2 2
x —2xy + y
5x+3y 5x — Ixy — xy" +3y
5x 43x’y
—10x2y— xy"
= 10x?y — 6xy?
+ +
Sxy? +3y?
thy 37°
0
(9) x°=3xy+3xy’-y? by x-y
x -2xy +y*
x-yVe—3xy+ Ixy -~
tx-'xy
—2x2y + 3xy?
—2x?y + 2xy?
ee
x-y
+ xy met y
- +
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