Paper Title* (use style: paper title)

Abdulguddus S. A. Gaid, Ahmed A. A. Saeed, Osama Y. A. Sa'ed

Dept. Of Communication & Computer Engineering
Faculty of Engineering & IT
Taiz University
Taiz, Yemen
asry2000@hotmail.com
ahmedalabsy947@gmail.com
osama.12.12.12c@gmail.com

Abstract—A novel mm-Wave multiband microstrip patch bandwidth, complex circuit, and decreased efficiency to
antenna for 5G wireless communication is designed and integrate multi-functional antenna [5]. For wireless
presented in this paper. The 5G mm-Wave antenna resonates at communication systems, low cost and highly effective
frequency of 23.2, 40.3, 59.3, 86.9 and 104.3 GHz with a antenna with multi-band features that will provide a solution
maximum bandwidth of 1.1, 2.8, 18.1, 7.7 and 10.7 GHz for spectrum congestion and interference is highly desirable
respectively. The antenna has a sufficient realized gain of [6].
6.4882, 7.1198, 7.9062, 8.1804 and 9.8156 dBi at the resonant
frequencies respectively. Furthermore, the antenna covers the Multiband microstrip patch antennas are the most
most interest 5G mm-Wave spectrum with a total bandwidth of imperative topic for researchers today. Antennas on such
40.4 GHz. The proposed multiband antenna is designed using systems are expected to support the operation of several bands
microstrip technology with features such as light weight, low in the advancement of navigation, positioning and WLAN
cost, low profile, high gain and efficiency. The 5G antenna is applications on mobile phones [7]. The requirement for
designed using a high frequency structure simulator software antennas with a wideband bands is a challenge in the
(HFSS). It has a small form factor of 7.5 x 8.5 x 0.55 mm3. The development of cellular communication systems, especially
antenna can be easily integrated in smart devices and used for cellular communication systems [8]. However, the major
various 5G applications. drawback of a conventional microstrip antenna is the
inheritance of narrow bandwidth. In order to improve the
Keywords—component, formatting, style, styling, insert (key
words)
operating bandwidth, many efforts have been made to design
dual band or multiband microstrip antenna.
I. INTRODUCTION Previously, various research papers on multi-band
In modern applications, wireless communication is one of microstrip antenna for 5G communications have been done [9-
the frontier technologies that has been widely used. It was a 14]. Surendran et al [9] designed a microstrip patch antenna
new technology that evolved very rapidly from analog voice that provides multiple operational bands with impedance
communication in the first generation (1G) to upcoming bandwidth of 0.44 GHz, 1.2 GHz, 4.52 GHz, 1.62 GHz, 2.97
smartphone communication and high quality 5th generation GHz, 0.3 GHz at a resonant frequency of 28.075 GHz, 29.57
(5G). The vast variety of user requirements, the emerging new GHz, 33.47 GHz, 35.72 GHz, 38.2 GHz and 39.85 GHz
technologies, applications and the increased demand for high respectively. The antenna has an overall optimized patch size
data rates and mobility for new wireless applications have of 15.5 x 16.4 mm2. The maximum averaged gain achieved
been addressed by wireless system designers for the 5G is 12.013 dBi and the total impedance bandwidth provided is
cellular network. 5G wireless mobile communication that 11.05 GHz. A compact triple band microstrip patch antenna is
employs millimeter-wave delivers high-quality audio, video presented in [10]. The antenna resonates at 26.92 GHz,
and data connectivity via the Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) 35.08GHz and 54.74GHz with a return loss of -27.97 dB, -
network to devices with high data [1, 2]. 19.79 dB and -52.87 dB respectively. The maximum gain
achieved is 5.86, 4.63 and 6.36 dBi at the resonant frequencies
Highly efficient, light weight, and multiband wireless respectively. This antenna achieves a maximum averaged
antennas are required for these systems. The Microstrip Patch gain of 5.616 dBi over the three operational bands. Moreover,
Antenna (MPA) is the most suitable candidate for these the total impedance bandwidth provided over these bands is
applications due to extensive features such as light weight, 13.6706 GHz. Authors in [11] proposed a multiband triangular
less volume and low manufacturing cost. MPA has a shaped microstrip antenna resonating at frequencies of 43.9
conducting patch placed above a grounded substrate and is fed GHz, 61.8 GHz, 75.8 GHz and 94 GHz. The antenna has a size
at the edge of this conducting patch by a microstrip feed line of 10.02 x 8 x 0.5 mm2 printed on FR-4 substrate material.
[3]. Millimeter-wave as it is comparatively unused, has a very This antenna provides an impedance bandwidth of 3.255
wide frequency spectrum from 30 GHz to 300 GHz and can GHz, 7.132 GHz,7.721 GHz and 8.434 GHz at resonate
provide large absolute bandwidth for 5G wireless networks frequency of 43.9 GHz, 61.8 GHz, 75.8 GHz and 94 GHz
[4]. The use of millimeter wave frequencies has an influence respectively and have a return loss of -19.233 dB, -28.209 dB,-
on the reduction in the dimensions of the mobile phone 41.89 dB and -19.035 dB at the resonate frequencies. Lodro,
antenna. Therefore, a new antenna with requirements that suit zeeshan, et al [12] designed a mm-Wave multi-band patch
the specifications of the fifth generation must be built. antenna resonates at band of 37 GHz and 54 GHz with
The critical component of a communication system is the maximum impedance bandwidth of 5.5 GHz and 8.67 GHz
antenna. Most of the antennas incorporated in the current respectively. The antenna has a size of 7.2 x 5 x 0.787 mm2.
wireless system have fixed functional characteristics. The This antenna provides a sufficient realized gain of 5 dBi and
device will result in certain problems such as large size, small 6 dBi respectively. Authors in [13] proposed a dual-band
rectangular microstrip patch antenna for 5G mm-Wave

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wireless access and backhaul applications. The antenna has an
optimized size of 7.18 x 8.38 x 0.78 mm3. This antenna is
designed using a thin substrate layer of low cost material
(Rogers RT/Duroid-5880) with a dielectric constant (εr) of 2.2
and a loss tangent of 0.0009. The antenna operates at 35.786
GHz and 72.709 GHz with an impedance bandwidth of 10.435
GHz and 6.705 GHz respectively. In addition, the antenna
achieved a sufficient realized gain of 8.01dBi and 8.52 dBi at
the resonant frequencies. The proposed antenna has a
maximum averaged gain of 8.265 dBi and a total bandwidth
of 17.140 GHz over the two operating bands. A multi-band
microstrip antenna resonates at 23.9 GHz, 35.5 GHz and 70.9 Fig. 1. Example of a figure caption. (figure caption)
GHz with impedance bandwidth of 1.3 GHz, 3.5 GHz and 4.2
GHz respectively is presented in [14]. The antenna has a gain
of 4.4358 dBi, 3.6602 dBi and 5.6402 dBi at the resonant
frequencies. The maximum averaged gain is 4.5787 dBi and a
total impedance bandwidth is 9 GHz.
This paper presents the design of a multiband microstrip
patch antenna wideband frequency with double H slots. The
proposed antenna offers large enough bandwidth at multiple
5G standard frequency bands and can be used for various 5G
applications and technologies. The proposed antenna design is
compared with several previous antenna designs in the
literature above then presented and summarized in Table 1.
The design procedure, parametric study, results and
Fig. 2. Example of a figure caption. (figure caption)
discussions and conclusion are presented and discussed in the
subsequent sections.
II. PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OPTIMIZATION
The design of an effective antenna requires a clear
understanding of how different parameters influence the
antenna's performance. This section provides a parametric
study to achieve optimal design features of the proposed
antenna in terms of the size of the antenna, the return loss, the
gain, and the impedance bandwidth. Many parameters have a
significant impact on the performance of the antenna, such as Fig. 3. Example of a figure caption. (figure caption)
the radiating patch dimensions, the engraved slots, and the
inset distance of the microstrip feeding line. 1.5 mm which is better performance than other widths.
Using the HFSS simulator, the impact of various antenna III. Final Optimized Design
parameters is analyzed and replicated until the optimal
configuration that satisfies all the required specifications is The main aim of this work is to design a compact
achieved. microstrip patch antenna for wideband and multiband
operation of 5G applications. Fig.4 displays the proposed
Inset gap width has a significant impact on the proposed antenna in different views. The structure of the proposed
antenna's performance. Optimum gain, return loss and multiband 5G antenna that has a size of 7.5 × 8.5 × 0.55 mm3
bandwidth can be seen at an inset gap width of 0.4 mm as is shown in Fig. 5. The antenna is designed on Rogers
shown in Fig. 1. Fairly, at this value, strong impedance RT/Duroid-5880 dielectric substrate with relative permittivity
matching is accomplished between the feed line and patch (εr) 2.2, loss tangent 0.0009 and height 0.55 mm. Lower
antenna. permittivity substrate with a thickness (H) of 0.55 mm is used
to achieve overall compact size while low tangent loss helps
Fig. 2 shows the effect of inset distance (do) on antenna
to achieve a wider bandwidth. The H-shaped patch of size,
performance. this parametric changed from (0.5 mm to 1.3
4.103 × 4.232 mm2 is fed by a 50 Ω feed line (1 mm width).
mm) to obtain the optimized value parametric. For various
A microstrip transmission line provided as inset feed to ensure
inset lengths, the return loss, resonant frequency, gain and
that the feeding line is properly matched to the radiating patch
bandwidth are varied. The inset distance of 1.3 mm achieves [16, 17][15A,16A].
the best performance in this work.
Etching slots can create multiband on the radiating patch IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
and thereby increase the antenna's bandwidth [15][17A]. The The simulations of the proposed multiband antenna are
simulation shows that the usage slots increase the return loss, performed using HFSS simulator. The simulated results of the
produce wider bandwidth, and better gain by changing the return loss (S11) for the proposed 5G multiband antenna
width of these slots. Fig. 3 shows the relation between the depicted in Fig. 6. It is observed that the antenna can operate
return loss and frequency for different slots width (k). From at five frequency bands 23.2, 40.3, 59.3, 86.9 and 104.3 GHz
Fig.2 it can be seen the increased return loss, wider bandwidth, with a return loss of -19.0263, -32.9787, -34.8350, -22.3206
and greater gain are accomplished at the width of slot equal to and -22.2463 dB respectively. All of these operational bands
 shown that the VSWR's value for the five bands of interest is
less than 2, which reveals that there is a good adaption
between the feeding system and the proposed antenna. The
antenna has a VSWR of 1.3162, 1.0533, 1.0475, 1.1232 and
1.1587 at the resonant frequencies respectively. Simulated
radiation gain characteristics of the proposed antenna for
the frequencies 23.2, 40.3, 59.3, 86.9 and 104.3 GHz are
shown in Fig. 8. It can be seen that, the antenna has a
maximum realized gain of 6.4882, 7.1198, 7.9062, 8.1804 and
9.8156 dBi and an impedance bandwidth of 1.1, 2.8, 18.1, 7.7
and 10.7 GHz at the resonant frequencies

Fig. 4. Example of a figure caption. (figure caption)

Fig. 7. Example of a figure caption. (figure caption)

Fig. 8. Example of a figure caption. (figure caption)

Fig. 5. Example of a figure caption. (figure caption)

Fig. 6. Example of a figure caption. (figure caption)

are the candidate's bands for the future 5G communication

systems. Another imperative parameter beside the reflection
coefficient and input impedance, that reflects the antenna
performance, is the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR). The
VSWR for the designed antenna must be less than 2 in order
to be able to operate at a specific frequency. From Fig. 7 it is
respectively. In addition, the proposed antenna provides a Wireless Communications, Signal Processing and Networking
(WiSPNET) (pp. 1718-1721). IEEE.
maximum averaged gain of 7.902 dBi and a total impedance
[3] Garg, R., Bhartia, P., Bahl, I. J., & Ittipiboon, A. (2001). Microstrip
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