NOLI ME TANGERE AND EL FILI BUSTERISMO CHARACTERS: IDEALISTS AND DREAMERS
1. Chrisostomo Ibarra- very idealistic person, a 1. Isagani, the young poet trained at Ateneo
dreamer - symbol of the liberated Filipino youth whose
2. Simoun unselfish devotion urges him to save the
- the shrewd, sly schemer with revenge as his only faithless Paulita
goal 2. Fr. Florentino
- referred to as the “brown cardinal” or “his black - Rizal’s ultimate spokesman in el fili
eminence” - he is Rizal’s portrait of the ideal shepherd of
3. Elias God’s flock
- Ibarra’s mysterious friend which appers every time - like pope francis aura
Ibarra is in trouble
EXPRESSIONS OF NATIONALISM among chracters
4. Tasio
- concentrated on his books and other intellectual IBARRA
pursuits that he neglected his estates and was - early part of noli, Ibarra elucidates Rizal’s….
completely ruined
5. Fr. Damaso Verdolagas SIMOUN
- The antihero in Noli - disillusioned Ibarra
- was depicted as an uncouth bigoted, power-mad - looks forward to the separation of the Philippines from
ingrate, the personification of depraved evil among Spain and urges Basillio to
the friars ELIAS
6. Maria Clara - symphathetic to the poor and the oppressed
- Ibarra’s fiancée Maria Clara de los Santos - the people’s spokesman as he outlines to Ibarra the
- Everybody darling abuses committed on the but the friars and___
- the “typical” (not the “ideal”) Filipina
- Rizal exposed her weaknesses her lack of courage ISAGANI
and sound judgement - nurses a sentimental desire to die for his country:
- but he also unfolded her in the delicate soft mist “ He too would like to die, to become nothing, to die for
poetic imagination her, defending her
Maria Clara’s Locket
From capitan tiago maria clara gave it to a leper TASIO
Fili: leper gave it to basilio basilio gave it to Juli - “cynically advises Ibarra to be resigned to things as
Juli gave it to Matanglawin (cabesang tales) they are: “to fight alone against the world is not
Matanglawin gave it to Simoun courage but foolhardiness” (Noli, p160)
SOCIAL CANCER CHARACTERS: SOCIO-POLITICAL THOUGHT IN RIZAL’S NOVELS
1. Dona Victorina Decadence in the social order: RICH VS POOR
- a very rich Filipina Decadence in the social order: INDOLENCE
- Husband: doctor quak-quak/ kuno - a crime that encourages oppression
- Natives who tries to act more Spanish than the - resignation to the fact that this is the society we
Spaniards have (Violent)
- Magnifies the insincerity and absurdity of The abuses of the religious authorities
Philippine society - depicts the corruption of the clerics and friars
2. Sisa - despite the vow of chastity. They had immoral
- symptoms of social cancer indicated amon the liasons with native women (maria clara, juli)
victims of poverty and ignorance - guilty of bribery and corruption
- symbolizes the Philippines- abused b the - Enriched themselves not only by exhorting
Spaniards excessive fees for church services (P200 for Fr.___)
3. Paulita Gomez Other socio- pollical:
1. Corruption in the civil government the Philippines before the coming of the
- majority of peninsular Spaniards sent to the Spaniards
Philippines resembled Tiburcio de Espandana - anonated__
who could not even speak Spanish correctly. - The Indolence of the Filipinos
- Corrupt governor general in El fili - not hereditary but was mainly caused by
- ___ foreign domination (with this knowledge,
2. The civil guard/ Guardia Civil Filipinos would be inspired to work, study,
- particularly stands out in its cruel treatment of …)
the natives - having aroused the people into action,
3. The defective educational system Rizal feared the possibly of their resorting
- emphasized in his novels the por to arms as a desperate means to fight
administration and ineffective supervision of - wrote El Filibusterismo
the educational system - he is a reformist—
- Ibarra’s speech during the laying of the - Why didn’t Rizal support the revolutionary
cornerstone of his school: movement?
“ I want my country’s good that is why I am 1. Not enough dedicate and highly trained
building the schoolhouse, but I seek it through leaders
education, through progress. We cannot find 2. Soldiers were not trained, disciplined,
our way ____ and well-armed
4. The plight of the Filipinos 3. No collective strength (no unity-
- Rizal did not wholly blame the religious and Cavitismo, Regionalism)
civil authorities for this The people themselves, 4. No effective means of communications
by their timidity, fear and cowardice had - Rizal’s course of action
shackled their minds and debased their souls - a non-violent movement organization
- taking “prudence” as synonymous to “fear”, - La Liga Filipina (alternative to the
the chose the___ Katipunan, organize themselves into a
- embarrassed for their own ancestry compact homogenous___)
- Filipino’s gullible obedience
RIZAL COURSE OF ACTIONS
- apathy- tolerance and apathy are the last
virtues of a dying society 1. Political reforms
- self- reliant, self-respecting government
- Goal of gov.: protection of life, protection of
Importance of Education property, protection of liberty, pursuit of
- Will give enlightenment happiness
- - “a people’s government made for the people,
Instilling Racial Pride and Dignity the people, and answerable to the people
- Svcesos De Las Islas Filipinas 2. Educational Reforms
Promotion of National Consciousness - give priority to education QUALITY
- Rizal’s goal restoration of the people’s - “lighthouse” that guided men to enjoy
sense of pride freedom and prosperity
- Inculcate on understanding of history - school of arts and crafts
- National Consciousness= better society - Filipino teachers are free to teach without the
- People must reorient their values and interference from the friars
attitudes in order to contribute to the task - well-balanced curriculum
of nation-building - education is not just about academic, it must
- National building hardships and be well rounded to have a well round people
sufferings is inevitable and society
- Rizal Course of Action 3. Socio-Economic Reforms
- wanted to piece together the history of - emphasis on the development of agriculture
- “Hymn to Labor”- high regard
- Moral Principles and Teachings (advocate a
non-violent revolution)
- Firm believer in God and dedicated…
Re-orientation of values and attitudes
-
Willingness to sacrifice for the country
-
