The document discusses different types of probability distributions: discrete, continuous, binomial, Poisson, and normal. Binomial distribution describes the probability of success in a fixed number of yes/no trials where the probability of success is constant. Poisson distribution gives the probability of a number of independent events occurring within a set time period. Normal distribution, which produces a bell curve, describes variables that take a continuous range of values and cluster around the average.
The document discusses different types of probability distributions: discrete, continuous, binomial, Poisson, and normal. Binomial distribution describes the probability of success in a fixed number of yes/no trials where the probability of success is constant. Poisson distribution gives the probability of a number of independent events occurring within a set time period. Normal distribution, which produces a bell curve, describes variables that take a continuous range of values and cluster around the average.
The document discusses different types of probability distributions: discrete, continuous, binomial, Poisson, and normal. Binomial distribution describes the probability of success in a fixed number of yes/no trials where the probability of success is constant. Poisson distribution gives the probability of a number of independent events occurring within a set time period. Normal distribution, which produces a bell curve, describes variables that take a continuous range of values and cluster around the average.
The document discusses different types of probability distributions: discrete, continuous, binomial, Poisson, and normal. Binomial distribution describes the probability of success in a fixed number of yes/no trials where the probability of success is constant. Poisson distribution gives the probability of a number of independent events occurring within a set time period. Normal distribution, which produces a bell curve, describes variables that take a continuous range of values and cluster around the average.
The theoretical probability distribution is defined as a function
which assigns a probability to each possible outcomes of the statistical experiment. The probability distribution can be discrete or continuous. ❑ Discrete Distribution: Random Variable can take only limited number of values . The total probability is allocated to different mass points . Ex: No. of heads in two tosses. Binomial distribution and Poisson distribution are two discrete probability distribution. ❑ Continuous Distribution: Random Variable can take any value . The continuous random variable the probability is distributed at various class intervals. Ex: Height of students in the class. Normal distribution is continuous probability distribution . ❑ Binomial Distribution : Binomial Distribution is the widely used probability distribution, derived from Bernoulli Process . It is also known as bi-parametric distribution, as it is featured by two parameters n and p. Here, n is the repeated trials and p is the success probability. If the value of these two parameters is known, then it means that the distribution is fully known. The mean and variance of the binomial distribution are denoted by µ = np and σ2 = npq. Here ,q = probability of failure . P (X = x) = nCx px qn-x, x = 0,1,2,3…n = 0, otherwise
❖ The characteristics of binomial distribution is given below:
1.The binomial distribution is one in which the probability of repeated number of trials is studied. Binomial Distribution is biparametric, i.e. it is featured by two parameters n and p. 2. There are a fixed number of attempts in the binomial distribution . 3. The success probability is constant in binomial distribution but in poisson distribution, there are an extremely small number of success chances. 4. In a binomial distribution, there are only two possible outcomes, i.e. success or failure. In binomial distribution Mean > . ➢ EXAMPLE : if two coins are tossed simultaneously then There is a fixed number of trials carried out . Each trial has only two possible outcomes say head or tail .Probability of occurrence of any outcome remains same over successive trials . Trials are statistically independent .so it’s a bionomial distribution . ❑ Poisson Distribution: The probability of the certain number of events happening in a fixed time interval. It is uniparametric distribution as it is featured by only one parameter λ . In Poisson distribution mean is denoted by λ . µ = λ and variance is labelled as σ2 = λ. The probability mass function of x is represented by: λ𝑥𝑒 −λ P(X=x) = 𝒙! where e is napier constant & e = 2.7182
❖ The characteristics of poisson distribution is given below:
1. A probability distribution that gives the count of a number of independent events occur randomly within a given period, is called probability distribution. 2. Poisson distribution is uniparametric, i.e. characterised by a single parameter λ. 3.There are an unlimited number of trials are there in a poisson distribution. 4. In poisson distribution, there are an extremely small number of success chances. 5. There are an unlimited number of possible outcomes in the case of poisson distribution. 6.In poisson distribution mean = variance. ➢ EXAMPLE : The probability of printing mistake of a book is poisson distribution because here events are discrete, random and independent of each other. The average number of times of occurrence of the event is constant over the same period of time . Probabilities of occurrence of event over fixed intervals of time are equal that mean if the number of page increase the mistake will increase . And Two events cannot occur at the same time; they are mutually exclusive . ❑ Normal Distribution: Normal Distribution is a bell-shaped frequency distribution curve which helps describe all the possible values a random variable can take within a given range with most of the distribution area is in the middle and few are in the tails, at the extremes. This distribution has two key parameters: the mean (µ) and the standard deviation (σ). . The probability mass function of x is represented by: 𝑋−µ Z = Where , X = Random variable σ
❖ The characteristics of Normal distribution is given below:
1. They represent a family of distribution where mean & deviation determine the shape of the distribution. 2. The mean, median, and mode of this distribution are all equal. 3. Half of the values are to the left of the center and the other half to the right. 4. The total value under the standard curve will always be one. 5. Most likely, distribution is at the center, and fewer values lie in the tail end The figure shows that the statistical normal distribution is a bell-shaped curve. The range of possible outcomes of this distribution is the whole real numbers lying between -∞ to +∞. The tails of the bell curve extend on both sides of the chart (+/-) without limits . ➢ EXAMPLE: The height of student in the class is normal distribution because at maximum height like 6 feet student number and minimum height like 4.11 fee
Number of student 15 t student number will be poor but at a average height 10 like 5.4 or near it the number of student will be 5 maximum .and if we represent it by a curve then 2 we can se it will form a bell shape curve . 4.11 5.4 5.11 height
