The document provides answers to common Selenium interview questions. It discusses how to type in a text box without using sendKeys(), how to select options from a dropdown, what the switchTo() command does, how to upload files, set the browser window size, and the differences between findElement() and findElements(). It also covers how to find broken links, handle authentication popups, and the meaning of single and double slashes in XPath.
The document provides answers to common Selenium interview questions. It discusses how to type in a text box without using sendKeys(), how to select options from a dropdown, what the switchTo() command does, how to upload files, set the browser window size, and the differences between findElement() and findElements(). It also covers how to find broken links, handle authentication popups, and the meaning of single and double slashes in XPath.
The document provides answers to common Selenium interview questions. It discusses how to type in a text box without using sendKeys(), how to select options from a dropdown, what the switchTo() command does, how to upload files, set the browser window size, and the differences between findElement() and findElements(). It also covers how to find broken links, handle authentication popups, and the meaning of single and double slashes in XPath.
The document provides answers to common Selenium interview questions. It discusses how to type in a text box without using sendKeys(), how to select options from a dropdown, what the switchTo() command does, how to upload files, set the browser window size, and the differences between findElement() and findElements(). It also covers how to find broken links, handle authentication popups, and the meaning of single and double slashes in XPath.
1. Is there a way to type in a textbox without using sendKeys()?
you can use Javascript Executer to input text into a text box without using sendKeys() method: // Initialize JS object JavascriptExecutor JS = (JavascriptExecutor)webdriver; // Enter username JS.executeScript("document.getElementById('User').value='Abha_Rathour'"); // Enter password JS.executeScript("document.getElementById('Password').value='password123'");
2. How to select a value from a dropdown in Selenium WebDriver?
Select select = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("abcd"))); select.selectByVisibleText()/deselectByVisibleText(); - selects/deselects an option by its displayed text select.selectByValue()/deselectByValue(); - selects/deselects an option by the value of its "value" attribute select.selectByIndex()/deselectByIndex(); - selects/deselects an option by its index select.isMultiple(); - returns TRUE if the drop-down element allows multiple selection at a time; FALSE if otherwise select.deselectAll(); - deselects all previously selected options
3. What does the switchTo() command do?
It is used to switch to that browser window/frame/Alert -driver.switchTo().window("windowName"); -driver.switchTo().frame("frameName"); -Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
4. How to upload a file in Selenium WebDriver?
Uploading files in WebDriver is done by simply using the sendKeys() method on the file-select input field to enter the path to the file to be uploaded.
// enter the file path onto the file-selection input field uploadElement.sendKeys("C:\\newhtml.html"); // click the "UploadFile" button driver.findElement(By.name("send")).click();
5. How to set browser window size in Selenium?
Selenium WebDriver allows resizing and maximizing window natively from its API. We use 'Dimension' class to resize the window. WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver(); driver.navigate().to("http://google.co.in"); System.out.println(driver.manage().window().getSize()); Dimension d = new Dimension(420,600); //Resize the current window to the given dimension driver.manage().window().setSize(d);
6. When do we use findElement() and findElements()?
findElement(): syntax: WebElement elementName = driver.findElement(By.LocatorStrategy("LocatorValue")); Returns the first most web element if there are multiple web elements found with the same locator Throws exception NoSuchElementException if there are no elements matching the locator strategy It will only find one web element Indexing is not Applicable
findElements(); syntax: List<WebElement> elementName = driver.findElements(By.LocatorStrategy("LocatorValue")); Returns a list of web elements Returns an empty list if there are no web elements matching the locator strategy It will find a collection of elements whose match the locator strategy. Each Web element is indexed with a number starting from 0 just like an array
7. What is a pause on an exception in Selenium IDE?
pause(waitTime): Wait for the specified amount of time in milliseconds. 1. Thread.sleep(1000); 2. webDriver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS); 3. WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10); WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("ID")));
8. What is the difference between single and double slash in Xpath?
A double slash " // " means any descendant node of the current node in the HTML tree which matches the locator. // ->Selects nodes in the document from the current node that match the selection no matter where they are A single slash " / " means a node which is a direct child of the current. / -> Selects from the root node
Eg: 1. /bookstore -> Selects the root element bookstore 2. bookstore/book -> Selects all book elements that are children of bookstore 3. //book -> Selects all book elements no matter where they are in the document 4. bookstore//book -> Selects all book elements that are descendant of the bookstore element, no matter where they are under the bookstore element 5. //@lang -> Selects all attributes that are named lang
9. How do you find broken links in Selenium WebDriver?
Collect all the links in the web page based on <a> tag. Send HTTP request for the link and read HTTP response code. Find out whether the link is valid or broken based on HTTP response code. Repeat this for all the links captured. 10. How to login to any site if it is showing an Authentication Pop-Up for Username and Password?
Approach 1: Handling Authentication/Login Popup Window using Selenium WebDriver
By passing user credentials in URL. Its simple, append your username and password with the URL. e.g., http://Username:Password@SiteURL http://rajkumar:myPassword@www.softwaretestingmaterial.com
here, Username is rajkumar
Password is myPassword SiteURL is www.softwaretestingmaterial.com
Approach 2: Handling Authentication/Login Popup Window using Selenium WebDriver
By using AutoIt, we could handle authentication pop up. Sample AutoIT Script: WinWaitActivate("Authentication Required","") Send("rajkumar{TAB}myPassword{ENTER}")
Sample Java Code:
public static void login(String email, String password) throws Exception{ driver.get(URL); //Passing the AutoIt Script here Runtime.getRuntime().exec("D:\\Selenium\\workspace\\AutoItFiles\\ExecutableFiles\\FirefoxBrowser.exe"); driver.findElement loginpage.setEmail(email); loginpage.setPassword(password); loginpage.clickOnLogin(); }
Approach 3: Handling Authentication/Login Popup Window using Selenium WebDriver
By using Alerts in Selenium, we could handle authentication pop up. driver.switchTo().alert(); //Selenium-WebDriver Java Code for entering Username & Password as below: driver.findElement(By.id("userID")).sendKeys("userName"); driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("myPassword"); driver.switchTo().alert().accept(); driver.switchTo().defaultContent(); }
