Ex Post Facto Study
Carlos Nunes Silva
Ex post facto study or after-the-fact research is a category of research design in which the
investigation starts after the fact has occurred without interference from the researcher. The
majority of social research, in contexts in which it is not possible or acceptable to manipulate the
characteristics of human participants, is based on ex post facto research designs. It is also often
applied as a substitute for true experimental research to test hypotheses about cause-and-effect
relationships or in situations in which it is not practical or ethically acceptable to apply the full
protocol of a true experimental design. Despite studying facts that have already occurred, ex post
facto research shares with experimental research design some of its basic logic of inquiry. Ex
post facto research design does not include any form of manipulation or measurement before the
fact occurs, as is the case in true experimental designs. It starts with ...
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