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Formation of Muslim League in 1906

The Muslim League was formed in 1906 in response to the Indian National Congress prioritizing Hindu interests over Muslim interests. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan had predicted that Hindus and Muslims were two distinct nations, an idea strengthened by the partition of Bengal and Urdu-Hindi controversy. The League aimed to politically organize Muslims as a separate community and advocate for their rights, as Muslims faced educational and economic backwardness and the Congress did not support official status for the Urdu language. The formation of the Minto-Morley reforms further solidified the need for Muslims to have their own political platform. The Muslim League sought to promote loyalty to the British, safeguard Muslim political rights, and prevent prejudices between Hindu and Muslim communities in India.

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14K views2 pages

Formation of Muslim League in 1906

The Muslim League was formed in 1906 in response to the Indian National Congress prioritizing Hindu interests over Muslim interests. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan had predicted that Hindus and Muslims were two distinct nations, an idea strengthened by the partition of Bengal and Urdu-Hindi controversy. The League aimed to politically organize Muslims as a separate community and advocate for their rights, as Muslims faced educational and economic backwardness and the Congress did not support official status for the Urdu language. The formation of the Minto-Morley reforms further solidified the need for Muslims to have their own political platform. The Muslim League sought to promote loyalty to the British, safeguard Muslim political rights, and prevent prejudices between Hindu and Muslim communities in India.

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FORMATION OF MUSLIM LEAGUE IN 1906:

After the creation of the Indian national Congress and its time as a ‘representative’ party for the
people of the Indian sub-continent, there was felt a need to reassess its claims at unbiased
representation. From the very start of its existence the Congress had shown clear its interest to
safeguard the rights of Hindus, alone.

The prediction of Sir Syed Ahmed Khan Soon proved to be fact that, “Hindus and Muslims are
two different nations who have different ideologies.” The events following the partition of
Bengal and Urdu-Hindu controversy strengthened the desire of the Muslims to organize
themselves politically as separate community. The birth of All India Muslim League at Dacca on
30th December 1906 came as an expression of that desire.

Following are the reasons for the establishment of Muslim league.

1. Indifferent Attitude of the Congress towards Muslims: All India National Congress was a
pre-dominantly Hindu body. Its interests were always at odds ends to those of the Muslims. By
1906, Muslim leaders were convinced that they must have their own party which may speak for
the community on all important occasions.

2. Educational and Economic Backwardness: Muslims had lagged far behind from the Hindus
in education and economic progress. Educational and economic conditions could only be up
graded by establishing a separate Muslims organization that could represent the wishes of the
Muslims.

3. Urdu-Hindi Controversy: The Urdu-Hindu controversy began with the demand of Hindus to
replace Urdu by Hindi as official language. Congress clearly sided with Hindi and supported the
movement against Urdu and there was no other political party to support Urdu. Thus, the need of
formation of a Muslim political party was felt severely.

4. The Evolution of Minto Marley Reforms: The turning point came in the summer of 1906
during John Morley’s budget speech, in which he hinted of constitutional reforms. At that time
Muslims did not have a political platform to demand their share. It was reasserted that they
wanted a separate political platform.
5. To Save Muslim Entity: The belief uttered by sir Syed Ahmed Khan that the Muslims were
somehow a separate entity. The Muslims did not believe that Hindus and Muslims formed one
nation. They were different by religion, history, languages and civilization. It became essential
for Muslims to establish a political party of their own.

The resolution was passed by All India Educational Conference on 30th December 1906. A
committee was formed to prepare its draft constitution. Sir Agha Khan was appointed as
President and Syed Hassan Balgrami was appointed as secretary, while Nawab Mohsim-ul-
Mulk and Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk were made joint secretaries with six Vice- Presidents, a
Central Committee with forty Members was also constituted. In this way Muslim league was
established and become the sole representative of Muslims.

The Muslim league laid the following points as its objectives.

1. To create among Muslims the feelings of loyalty towards British Government and to remove
misconception and suspicious.
2. To Safeguard the political rights of the Muslims and to bring them into the notice of the
Government.
3. To prevent among the Muslims, the rise of prejudicial feelings against the other communities
of India.

The first session of all India Muslim league was held at Karachi on 29th December, 1907. It
made clear that the interests of Muslims must be regarded completely separate from those of the
Hindus. Any fusion of both the communities in future was not possible. It steered the ship of
Muslim destiny safely through of Political chaos and turmoil to the safer harbour of Pakistan.

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