LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

QUARTER 1

Name:__________________________________________________Score:_________

Grade & Section _________________________________________Subject: _ICT 7_

Name of Teacher: ________________________________________ Date: _________

I. Learning Activity Sheet Title: History of Computers

II. Type of Activity: Concept notes with formative activities

LAS for summative assessment ( Written Work Performance Task)

III.MELC:
a. Narrate the history of computers
b. Describe the different kinds of computing devices in the past.
c. Identify the types and classifications of computers

IV. Learning Objective/s:

A. Describe the different kinds of computing devices in the past.
B. Identify the types and classifications of computers.
C. Appreciate the big contributions of inventors of the first computers that leads
modern computers.

V. Reference/s

Online Resources:
https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ALeKk03eRR_yJ2kkzVOMvEkTkquw4jssDg%3A
1594172063730&source=hp&ei=nyIFX-
CXKp3VmAWmj6fICQ&q=hISTORY+OF+COMPUTERS&oq=hISTORY+OF+COMPUT
ERS&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQAzIECCMQJzICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADI
CCAAyAggAMgIIADoFCAAQsQM6CAgAELEDEIMBUIMKWPtHYO1NaABwAHgAgAG
oA4gBkCSSAQk0LjUuNS4yLjSYAQCgAQGqAQdnd3Mtd2l6&sclient=psy-
ab&ved=0ahUKEwig48TcwbzqAhWdKqYKHabHCZkQ4dUDCAc&uact=5

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https://www.google.com/search?sxsrf=ALeKk00q0CSUNP_h493z7voTmARnpNO1Tw%
3A1594698333257&source=hp&ei=XSoNX5niDMXLmAX9or3QCw&q=types+and+class
ifications+of+computer&oq=types+and+classifications+of+computer&gs_lcp=CgZwc3kt
YWIQAzIGCAAQFhAeMgYIABAWEB4yBggAEBYQHjIGCAAQFhAeMgYIABAWEB4yB
ggAEBYQHjIGCAAQFhAeOgcIIxDqAhAnOgQIIxAnOgsIABCxAxCDARCRAjoFCAAQk
QI6CAgAELEDEIMBOgUIABCxAzoCCAA6BwgAEAoQkQI6BwgAEBQQhwI6BQgAEMs
BOggIABAWEAoQHlD6E1jVXWCFZWgBcAB4AIABlwGIAfUfkgEFMTAuMjeYAQCgAQ
GqAQdnd3Mtd2l6sAEK&sclient=psy-
ab&ved=0ahUKEwjZhLOd6svqAhXFJaYKHX1RD7oQ4dUDCAc&uact=5

Date accessed: June 30, 2020

VI. CONCEPT NOTES

A computer is a machine that can be instructed; carry out sequences of arithmetic

or logical operations automatically via computer programming. Early computers were
were only conceived as calculating devices. Since ancient times, simple manual devices
like the abacus aided people in doing calculations. Early in the Industrial Revolution,
some mechanical devices were built, to automate long tedious tasks, such as guiding
patterns for looms. More sophisticated electrical machines did
specialized analog calculations in the early 20th century.

HISTORY OF COMPUTERS
MANUAL COMPUTING DEVICES
DEVICE/MACHINE YEAR DEVICE/ INVENTOR DESCRIPTION/
PICTURE INVENTED MACHINE FUNCTION/S
One of the early
precursors of the
computer, an
instrument containing
500 BC Abacus Chinese beads used for
arithmetic
calculations. It can do
simple addition and
subtraction
operations.
Made up of
Napier’s John multiplication table
1617 Bone Napier inscribed in a wood or
bone.

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 A single straight two-
feet long ruler plotted
1620 Slide Rule William with logarithmic
Oughtred scale. A device made
up of wood with
movable scales
arranged to slide
opposite each other.
MANUAL MECHANICAL CALCULATORS
It can perform simple
addition and
1642 Pascaline Blaise subtraction and
Pascal capable of adding and
subtracting numbers
up to 9 digits.

It consists of stepped
cylinder that could
perform the four
fundamental
1694 Stepped Gottfried operations and
Reckoner Wilhelm square root.
Von Leibniz Instead of gears, it
employed fluted
drums having ten
flutes arranged
around their
circumference in a
stair-step fashion.

A device that used

Joseph hole-punched cards.
Jacquard’s Marie This machine wove
1801 Loom Jacquard variety of patterns to
view the results of the
computations.

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 This is capable of
computing
mathematical tables
Difference Charles and solves polynomial
1822 Machine Babbage equation.
The machine was
named as “computer”.

This was considered

the first general
purpose computer.
Analytical engine was
1830 Analytical Charles not only able to
Machine Babbage perform calculations
but can also store
data in the memory
and perform logical
comparison.
ELECTRO-MECHANICAL COMPUTERS
This adopted the
concept of Jacquard’s
punched card and
operated by electricity
1887 Census Herman and designed as a
machine Hollerith card reader - sorter.
Its series of clock like
registers could accept
10,000 values of
items counted.

1892 Adding/ William Designed a key-

Calculating Seward driven machine that
Machine Burrough produced a hardcopy.

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ELECTRONIC COMPUTERS
It is the first
MARK I or operating machine
ASCC Dr. Howard that could perform
1944 (Automatic Aiken long computations
Sequence automatically.
Controlled It could execute
Calculator) addition and
subtraction in a
second, multiplication
in six seconds,
division in 15.3
seconds, and
logarithm and
trigonometric
functions in over one
minute.
Capacity to perform
5,000 computations
ENIAC John per second.
(Electronic Presper It was the first general
1946 Numerical Eckert, Jr./ purpose electronic
Integrator John computer which was
and William made up of vacuum
Computer) Mauchly tubes.

UNIVAC I John It could perform

(Universal Presper 10,000 computation
1951 Automatic Eckert, Jr./ per second
Computer) John
William
Mauchly
A machine that could
1953 IBM 704 IBM perform 100,000
Company computations per
second and can store
data internally.

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 This machine was
the first to store data
Atanasoff- J. V. as a charge on a
Berry Atanasoff capacitor, which is
1958 Computer how today computers
Clifford store information is in
Berry their main memory
(DRAM or dynamic
RAM).

Zuse Z1 Konrad A general purpose

1965 Computer Zuse computers.

Development of Electronic Computers

1999: The term Wi-Fi becomes part of the computing language and users begin
connecting to the Internet without wires.
2001: Apple unveils the Mac OS X operating system, which provides protected memory
architecture and pre-emptive multi-tasking, among other benefits. Not to be outdone,
Microsoft rolls out Windows XP, which has a significantly redesigned GUI.
2003: The first 64-bit processor, AMD's Athlon 64, becomes available to the consumer
market.
2004: Mozilla's Firefox 1.0 challenges Microsoft's Internet Explorer, the dominant Web
browser. Facebook, a social networking site, launches.
2005: YouTube, a video sharing service, is founded. Google acquires Android, a Linux-
based mobile phone operating system.
2006: Apple introduces the MacBook Pro, its first Intel-based, dual-core mobile computer,
as well as an Intel-based iMac. Nintendo's Wii game console hits the market.
2007: The iPhone brings many computer functions to the smartphone.
2009: Microsoft launches Windows 7, which offers the ability to pin applications to the
taskbar and advances in touch and handwriting recognition, among other features.
2010: Apple unveils the iPad, changing the way consumers view media and jumpstarting
the dormant tablet computer segment.
2011: Google releases the Chromebook, a laptop that runs the Google Chrome OS.
2012: Facebook gains 1 billion users on October 4.
2015: Apple releases the Apple Watch. Microsoft releases Windows 10.

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 Computers may be classified according to their features and uses. Different groups of
people choose computers depending on their needs.

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS ACCORDING TO PURPOSE

Features/Use
 Designed to handle a variety of applications such as word

General Purpose processing, spreadsheets, games, payroll accounts, inventory

Computers control, and even household budgeting.
 It can deal with a variety of problems and can act in response to
programs created for different needs
 Designed to solve a single type of problem. Computerized Traffic
Special Purpose Control systems and automatic aircraft landing systems are
Computers examples of a special purpose computer system.

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS ACCORDING TO TYPE OF DATA PROCESS

 It handles continually varying data and operates essentially by

Analog Computers measuring rather than counting.

Digital Computers  Represented as discrete or separate units of electrical purposes.

The data measured in quantities represented either as “on” or “off”
state.
Hybrid Computers  Used in working out special types of problems in science and
various areas of engineering, such as space vehicle simulations
and the training of astronauts.

CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS ACCORDING TO SIZE, SPEED AND COST

Picture Features/use
 The fastest and most

powerful computer that can

perform hundreds of
millions of instructions per
Supercomputers
second.
 Used primarily for
scientific and engineering
that requires high-speed
computations.

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  Used primarily by
organizations that requires
Mainframe bulk data processing such
computers
as for census, and
transaction processing.

 Capable of supporting
many hundreds or
thousands of users
simultaneously.
 Capable of supporting up
to hundreds of users
simultaneously.
 Smaller, less expensive
Mini-computers
than the mainframe and
super computers but more
powerful than the personal
computers.

 These computers are the

most common computers
Micro-computers/ found at home and in
Personal
workplaces
Computers
 Small, relatively in
expensive computer.
 Designed for single-user
and based on a
microprocessor
technology.

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 Types of Personal Computer (PC) /Micro-computers
Picture Features/use
 computers designed for

regular use and intended

Desktop
Computer for single location such as
in a table or desk.

 compact, and miniaturized

for mobile use. Laptops
Laptop computer run on a battery and has
an external adapter for
charging its battery

 small, handheld device

Personal Digital that provides computing
Assistants and information storage for
(PDAs)/Palm top personal or business use.
computers
 mobile computers that
uses the touch screen
Tablet technology and they come
computers/Tablet with an onscreen keyboard
or a digital pen.

 refers to any small

technological device
capable of storing and
Wearable processing data that can
computers be worn on the body.

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YOU CAN DO THIS!
Task 1
Instruction: Enumerate the following. Use the space provided for your answer

Manual Computing Devices Manual-Mechanical Calculators

1. _____________________ 1. _______________________
2. _____________________ 2. _______________________
3. _____________________ 3. ______________________

Electro-Mechanical Computers Electronic Computers

1. ________________________ 1. __________________________
2. ________________________ 2. __________________________

Task 2

Instruction: Match column A to Column B. Use the space provided for your answer.

Column A Column B

a. Pascaline

____ 1.

b. Stepped Reckoner

____ 2.

c. ENIAC ( Electronic
Numerical Integrator and
Computer
____ 3.

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 d. Jacquard’s Loom

____ 4.

e. Abacus

____5.

Task 3

Instruction. Match column A to column B. Write the letter of your answer on the space
provided.
Column A Column B

______ 1. The fastest and most powerful computer a. Mini-computer

that can perform hundreds of millions of instructions
per second.
_____ 2. Used primarily by organizations that requires b. Microcomputer
bulk data processing such as for census, and transaction
processing.
_____ 3. Designed for single-user and based on a c. Super computer
microprocessor technology.
______ 4. Capable of supporting up to hundreds of users d. PDA’s
computer simultaneously. Smaller, less expensive than the
mainframe and super computers but more powerful than
the personal computers.
______ 5. Small, handheld device that provides computing e. Mainframe computer
and information storage for personal or business use.

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You can do more!
Task 4
Instruction. Identify the following devices/machines/computers. Write your answer on
the space provided.

Illustration Name Illustration Name

1. 6.

2. 7.

3. 8.

4. 9.

5.
10.

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Task 5
Instruction: Match column A to Column B. Write only the letter of your answer.
Column A Column B
_____ 1. Napier’s Bone a. Mauchly and Eckert
_____ 2. Stepped Reckoner b. Charles Babbage
_____ 3. The Pascaline c. Chinese
_____ 4. Abacus d. Konrad Zuse
_____ 5. Jacquard’s Loom e. Herman Hollerith
_____6. Census Machine f. Joseph Marie Jacquard
_____ 7. Mark I g. Wilhelm Schikard
_____ 8. Zuse Z1 Computer h. Blaise Pascal
_____ 9. Difference and Analytical Engine i. Gottfried Wilhelm Von Leibniz
_____ 10 ENIAC j. John Napier
k. Dr. Howard Aiken

Task 6
Instruction: Connect the following using lines.

1801 1822
1944 1694 1946
500 BC
1830 1642

ABACUS ENIAC

JAQUARD’S DIFFERENCE ANALYTICAL STEPPED

LOOM MACHINE MACHINE RECKONER

MARK I PASCALINE

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 Challenge Yourself
Task 7
Instruction: Read and understand the questions below. Encircle the letter of the correct
answer.

1. It is designed to handle a variety of applications such as word processing,

spreadsheets, games, payroll accounts, inventory control, and even household
budgeting.
a. General purpose computer c. Analog computer
b. Special purpose computer d. Digital computer

2. It is used in working out special types of problems in science and various areas of
engineering, such as space vehicle simulations and the training of astronauts.
a. Hybrid computer c. Digital computer
b. Analog computer d. Special purpose computer

3. Represented as discrete or separate units of electrical purposes. The data measured in

quantities represented either as “on” or “off” state.
a. Analog computer c. Hybrid computer
b. Digital computer d. General purpose computer

4. Designed to solve a single type of problem. Computerized Traffic Control systems and
automatic aircraft landing systems are examples of these computer systems.
a. General purpose computer c. Analog computer
b. Special purpose computer d. Digital computer

5. It handles continually varying data and operates essentially by measuring rather than
counting.
a. General purpose computer c. Hybrid computer
b. Digital computer d. Analog computer

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Task 8
Instruction: Encircle the words related to different computing
devices/machine/computers. Words appear straight across, back-word straight across,
up and down, down and up and diagonally. Write the encircled words in the space
provided for.
1. _______________________
2. _______________________
3. _______________________
4. _______________________
5. _______________________
6. _______________________
7._______________________
8. ______________________
9._______________________
10. _____________________
11. _____________________
12. _____________________

Task 9
Instruction: Answer the following questions.

Question Answer

1. Who was the first to use an

abacus?

2. What electronic computer invented

in 1944?

3. Who are the two inventors of

Electronic Numerical Integrator
and Computer (ENIAC)?

4. Why did Charles Babbage known

to be the father of modern
computer? What are his
inventions?

5. How does computers are

developed?

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Level Up
Task 10
Instructions: Write the type of computer that is needed to perform the task.

___________1.
Weather forecasting

____________2. Office Presentation

____________3.

National Census

____________4. Internet Cafe

A company with
hundreds of users
_____________ 5.

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Task 11
Instruction: Describe the following device/machine/computer.

1. ABACUS
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

2. NAPIER’S BONE
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

3. PASCALINE
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

4. DIFFERENCE MACHINE
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

5. ENIAC
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
Task 12
Instruction: Explain briefly:

1. What is the importance of knowing the history of computers?

____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
2. Why does inventors continue developing computers?
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________

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