Archdiocese of Tuguegarao PACUCOA LEVEL IV ACCREDITTED PROGRAMS
LYCEUM OF APARRI Liberal Arts, Business Administration, Secondary Education
3515 Aparri, Cagayan PACUCOA LEVEL III ACCREDITTED
PROGRAMS High School, Nursing, Criminology, Computer Science
Telephone: 078-888-2736 Telefax: 076-888-2736 Email add: lyceumaparri@yahoo.com
DISCIPLINES AND IDEAS IN THE APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES
GRADE 11
UNIT 1
MODULE 3
THE PROFESSIONALS AND PRACTITIONERS IN THE
DISCIPLINE OF COUNSELING
OBJECTIVES:
1. Show understanding of the roles and functions of counselors
2. Identify specific work areas in which counselors work
3. Identify career opportunities for counselors
4. Value rights, responsibilities, and accountabilities
5. Distinguish between ethical and unethical behavioUrs among counselors
THE PROFESSIONAL COUNSELOR
Counseling is a profession that allows you to help others manage their responses to life’s challenges. It is
a career that provides you an opportunity to assist others in developing their potentials and to encourage
personal growth and learning. Perhaps some of you might had instance when some of your friends
approached you for advice. Your patience to listen and understand the perspective of your friend indicates
rhat you have the willingness to help people. To better understand the counseling profession, we begin by
differentiating who are professional counselors and who are the informal helpers. Professional counselors
are expected to maintain a high degree of objectivity in doing their job. To do this effectively, they must
not have a personal involvement with their client because it can affect the counseling process. Hence, a
professional counselor must avoid providing counseling to his/her own family to avoid subjectivity. On
the other hand, informal helpers need not consider this. They may provide assistance to people who are
personally related to them. In this circumstance, informal helpers may be unaware of their personal
biases’ influence on the assistance they provide.
Second, cousnelors are guided by rules and regulations or what is called Code of Ethics. In high
recognition of the role of counselors in the Philippines, the Guidance and Counseling Act of 2004was
declared to promote the improvement, advancement and protection of the guidance and counseling
profession. Counselors are expected to perform their duties and responsibilities according to the standards
set by law.
Third, counselors use strategies and techniques to promoe the client’s personal growth and development.
For example, the counselor may apply cognitive strategies to help a student who has a low self-esteem.
By using self-talk technique to cognitive approach in counseling, the counselor will help the client
evaluate his/her thoughts about himself/herself and figure out which are helpful or not. On the other hand,
informal helpers are those who are providing advice or tips they feel suitable.
Given these difference between professional counselors and informal helpers, professional counselors
have the following characteristics: (1) They have acquired body of knowledge, skills or competencies
thought formal training (2) They are guided by standards of professional practice and laws. Thus, they
They are formally identified as members of the helping profession, competent in promoting growth and
personal change in their clients.
Archdiocese of Tuguegarao PACUCOA LEVEL IV ACCREDITTED PROGRAMS
LYCEUM OF APARRI Liberal Arts, Business Administration, Secondary Education
3515 Aparri, Cagayan PACUCOA LEVEL III ACCREDITTED
PROGRAMS High School, Nursing, Criminology, Computer Science
Telephone: 078-888-2736 Telefax: 076-888-2736 Email add: lyceumaparri@yahoo.com
DEFINING THE ROLES, FUNCTIONS
The role of providing guidance to them at critical moments of their growth is a serious nation-
building undertaking. Counseling is a process and a relationship between the client and counselor. The
role of the counselor is to assist the person or persons in realizing a change in behaviour or attitude,
seeking achievement of goals, finding help, and in some cases, the role of counselors includes the
teaching of social skills, effective communication, spiritual guidance, decision – making, and career
choices. A counsselor’s role may sometimes include aiding one in coping with a crisis.
COMPETENCIES OF COUNSELORS
Guidance counselors have the ability to administer and maintain career guidance and
counseling programs. They are capable of properly guiding the students toward becoming
productive and contributing individuals through informed career choices. They are capable of
designing and implementing programs that expose students to the world and value or work
and guide, provide and equip the students with the necessary life skills and values.
Culley and Bond described the Foundation skills of a counselor.
1. Attending and Listening. These are called ACTIVE LISTENING which means listening
with purpose and responding in such a way that clients are aware that they have both been
heard and understood.
2. Reflective Skills. These skills are concerned with the other person’s frame of reference.
These skills “capture” what the client is saying and play it back to them – but in the
counselor’s own words. The key skills are restating paraphrasing and summarizing.
3. Probing Skills. These skills facilitate going deeper, asking more directed or leading
questions. Making statements is seen as generally gentler, less intrusive and less controlling
than asking questions – although that depends on the statement.
4. Communication Skills. These include the ability to actively listen, demonstrate
understanding, ask appropriate questions, and provide information as needed. It involves
listening for what is said and what is not said. It requires listening to content – its meaning
and the emotions behind it.
5. Motivational Skills. These skills are the ones that influence a client to take action after the
helping session or consultation. Recognizing the client’s readiness for action must be
considered.
6. Problem – Solving Skills. These include differentiating between symptoms and the
problem, pinpointing probable causes and triggers for the problem, and then generating a
range of possible solutions to the actual problem.
7. Conflict Resolution Skills. These involve learning about styles of conflict resolution. It
also includes recognizing the signs of it and learning process of conflict resolution. Helping
professionals should have the skills to facilitate communication and problem solving between
parties that are having a conflict as well as tp help them focus on facts rather than blaming
one another.
Archdiocese of Tuguegarao PACUCOA LEVEL IV ACCREDITTED PROGRAMS
LYCEUM OF APARRI Liberal Arts, Business Administration, Secondary Education
3515 Aparri, Cagayan PACUCOA LEVEL III ACCREDITTED
PROGRAMS High School, Nursing, Criminology, Computer Science
Telephone: 078-888-2736 Telefax: 076-888-2736 Email add: lyceumaparri@yahoo.com
AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION WHERE COUNSELORS WORK
1. CHILD DEVELOPMENT COUNSELING. These are areas of specialization includes
parent education, preschool counseling, early childhood education, counseling with battered
and abused children and their families.
2. MARITAL RELATIONSHIP COUNSELING. This includes premarital counseling, marriage
counseling, family counseling and divorse mediation.
3. HEALTH. Health as an area of specialization offers the possibility for nutrition counseling,
exercise and health education, holistic health counseling, anorexia or bulimia counseling.
4. CAREER/LIFESTYLE. As an are of specializstion, this includes guidance on choices and
decision-making pertaining to career or lifestyle; guidance on career development; provision
of educational and occupational information to clients; conducting education on career and
lifestyle trends, giving assistance clients on developing skills necessary to plan, organize,
implement, administer, and evaluate clients own career development; facilitating
understanding of the interrelationships among work, family and other life roles and factors
including diversity and gender, their influence on career development and choices.
5. COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY. An an area of specialization, they offer the following
opportunities: College student conseling, student activities, and educational counseling.
6. DRUGS. Drugs as area of specialization has several options such as substance abuse
counseling, drug counseling and crisis intervention counseling.
7.BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY. As an area of specialization, this inclue work as training and
development personnel, quality and work – life or quality circles manager, employee
assistance programs manager.
CAREER OPPORTUNITIES FOR COUNSELORS
Career opportunities for cousnelors cover the corporate environment in human resources
departments, school student services department, academe, NGOs, court, detentionsand prison setting, as
well as in a wide range of human development service providers.
1. EDUCATION AND SCHOOL COUNSELOR. They offer personal, educational, social and
academic counseling services. They work to help students assess their abilities and resolve personal or
social problems and do so in tandem eith teachers and school administrators.
2. VOCATIONAL AND CAREER COUNSELORS. These professionals facilitate careerdecision –
making. They aid individuals or groups in determining jobs that are best suited to their needs, skills and
interests. In some cases, they may also help employed clients improve their skills.
3. MARRIAGE ANND FAMILY COUNSELORS. These counselors offer a wide range of services for
couples and families. They help couples and families deal with social issues, emotional problems.
4. MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELORS. They work with people suffering from mental or
psychological distress such as anxiety, phobias, depression, grief, esteem issues, trauma and other related
issues. They aim that promoting mental health.
5. REHABILITAION COUNSELORS. These professionals are engaged with individuals suffering
from physical or emotional disabilities. In many cases, such as disabilities may even affect they family,
social, school or work life. They provide services such as evaluation of the strengths and limitations of
clients.
Archdiocese of Tuguegarao PACUCOA LEVEL IV ACCREDITTED PROGRAMS
LYCEUM OF APARRI Liberal Arts, Business Administration, Secondary Education
3515 Aparri, Cagayan PACUCOA LEVEL III ACCREDITTED
PROGRAMS High School, Nursing, Criminology, Computer Science
Telephone: 078-888-2736 Telefax: 076-888-2736 Email add: lyceumaparri@yahoo.com
RIGHTS, RESPONSIBILITIES AND ACCOUNTABILITIES OF COUNSELORS
Professional counselors must not only adhere to the ethics of their profession but also manifest their
commitment. They commit to this by giving value to the rights of individuals and demonstrating
accountability to their clients, this could be done by the following:
1. Respecting the rights and dignity of every human person. Professional counselors must bear in mind
that each individual is unique. No matter how unruly or disruptive the behaviour of an individual is,
he/she deserves to be treated fairly, to be listened to about what he/she thinks and feels, and to be
respected.
2. Respecting the client’s rights as self-governing individual. Counselors feel responsible for the welfare
of their clients. However, they must remember that their clients are capable of helping themselves.
Therefore, they must communicate trust to their clients to encourage maturity and sense of responsibility,
even after the session.
3. Being committed to the client’s well-being. Counselors demonstrate dedication for their work by
showing concern to their clients during counseling session and even after the session.
4. Enhancing the quality of their professional knowledge and application. Counselors provide quality
service by keeping themselves updated on issues and trends in their profession. They must continuously
attend conferences, conventions. They must also join and participate in professional ofganizations aimed
to develop their competencies.
5. Being responsive to the society. Counselors collaborate with other members of the community to
provide the best services for their clients. They must collaborate with the parents, teacher, school
administrators and toher stakeholders to further help the students.
CODE OF ETHICS OF COUNSELORS
In all professional practices in applied social sciences, counselors must observe confidentiality at all
times. Without this, clients cannot trust the counselors and therefore make the profession impossible to
practice. Counselors must not expose anything they hear from their clients in the processof caring for
them. The code of ethics also states that counselors live and work in accordance with the professional
standards of conduct set forth for the practice of guidance and counseling. They should be people of high
moral standing. They supply professional services concerning educational, vocational and personal/social
development. guidance counselors must respect they dignity, integrity and welfare of their clients.
PRINCIPLE 1: RESPECT FOR THE RIGHTS AND DIGNITY OF THE CLIENT
Counselors honor fand promote the fundamental rights, moral and cultural values,
dignity and worth of clients. They respect clients’ rights to privacy, confidentiality and
autonomy. They must ensure that the client understands and consents to whatever
professional action they propose.
PRINCIPLE 2: COMPETENCE
Counselors maintain and update Their professional skills. They recognize the limits of
their expertise, engage in self – care, and work support and supervision to maintain the
standard of their work.
Archdiocese of Tuguegarao PACUCOA LEVEL IV ACCREDITTED PROGRAMS
LYCEUM OF APARRI Liberal Arts, Business Administration, Secondary Education
3515 Aparri, Cagayan PACUCOA LEVEL III ACCREDITTED
PROGRAMS High School, Nursing, Criminology, Computer Science
Telephone: 078-888-2736 Telefax: 076-888-2736 Email add: lyceumaparri@yahoo.com
PRINCIPLE 3: RESPONSIBILITY
Counselors are aware of their professional responsibility to act in a trustworth,
reputable and accountable manner toward clients, colleagues and community in which
they work and live.
PRINCIPLE 4: INTEGRITY
Counselors seek to promote integrity in their practice. They represent themselves
accurately and treat others with honesty, straightforwardness and fairness. They deal
actively with conflicts of interest, avoid exploiting others and are alert to inappropriate
behaviour on the part of colleagues.
Many other similar codes exist with the same expectations for ethical conduct. The
fundamental principles include the following:
1. respecting human rights and dignity
2. respect for the client’s rights to be self-governing
3. a commitment to promoting the client’s well-being
4. fostering responsible caring
5. fair treatment of all clients and the provision of adequate services.
6. equal opportunity to clients availing counseling services
7. ensuring integrity of practitioner-client relationship
Archdiocese of Tuguegarao PACUCOA LEVEL IV ACCREDITTED PROGRAMS
LYCEUM OF APARRIPARRI Liberal Arts, Business Administration, Secondary Education
3515
15 Aparri, Cagaya
Cagayan PACUCOA LEVEL III ACCREDITTED
PROGRAMS High School, Nursing, Criminology, Computer Science
Telephone: 078-888
888-2736 Telefax: 076-888-2736 Email add: lyceumaparri@yahoo.com
WORK SHEET
MODULE 3: THE PROFESSIONALS AND PRACTITIONERS IN THE
DISCIPLINE OF COUNSELING
Learning Activities
THINK Enumerate and explain 5 competencies that
counselors should have by writing a maximum of 5
sentences on each competency.
competency
EXPERIENCE Answer the following questions. Relate your answer in
8 – 10 sentences.
1. How do you feel when you help other?
2. What do you think is the most effective
characteristic or trait in order to help others?
ASSESS In a graphic organizer,, illustrate the different career
opportunities of counselors. Include ( 5 – 8 sentences)
short description for each career opportunity.
CHALLENGE Explain why you think that setting boundaries in a
professional relationship is important.
HARNESS Justify and explain your answer:
If, for example, you are a guidance counselor who has
a best friend, would you accept his/her sister as a
client? Why or why not?
References:
Cleofe, M.P., Liquigan, B.C., Madrigal, C.L., Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences.
DIWA Learning Systems,Inc. (2016)
Sampa,E.M., Discipline and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences – Second Edition. REX Publishing
Company, Inc. (2019)
