Exponential Function

An exponential function with the base b is the function of the form f(x) = b x or y = b x , where

b > 0, b ≠ 1.

Tell whether each statement is True or False.

1. f(x) = 3 x 2is an exponential function. False

2. if f(x) = 2 x, then f(-1) 2. True

3. The function f(x) = 1 x is an exponential function. False

4. The function f(x) = (−3) x is an exponential function. False

5. the functions f ( x )=¿ and g(x) = 3−x have the same graph True

Complete the table of values.

X -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3

y= ¿ 27 9 3 1 1 1 1
3 9 27

y = 10 x 1 1 1 1 10 100 1000
1000 100 10

y = 0.8 x 1 1 1 1 0.8 0.64 0.512

0.512 0.64 0.8

A. Evaluate the function f(x) = 3 x at

1
a.) f(2) b.) f( ) c.) f(0.4)
2
B. Tell whether the given is an exponential function or not.
1. f ( x )=2 x 2
2. f ( x )=−2 x 2
3. f ( x )=12 x
4. f ( x )=2 x
5. f ( x )=2−x
6. f ( x )=¿

Describe the following expressions:

1. y = 2 x
2.4 x−1=16x
3. 2 x ≥ 26

Exponential Equation
An equation involving exponential expression
Example: 4 x−1=16x

Exponential Inequality
An inequality involving exponential expression
Example: 2 x ≥ 26

Exponential Function
Function of the form f(x) = b x or y = b x , where b > 0, b ≠ 1
Example: y = 2 x

Property of Exponential Inequality

 If b > 1, then the exponential function y = b x is increasing for all x. This means that
b x <b y if and if x < y.
 If 0 < b < 1, then the exponential function y = b x is decreasing for all x. This means
that b x >b y if and only if x > y.
 The resulting direction of the inequality (m < n or m > n) is based on whether the base
b is greater than 1 or less than 1.

Find the base of the exponential function whose graph contains the given points.
a. (1,4)
b. (2/3, 4)

a. y = b x b. y = b x
3
4 = b1 4 =b
2

b=4 23=b
8=b
Review exponents by finding the value of x for the given equation.

a.24 = x 16

b. 4 3= x 64

1
c.5−1 = x
5
−1 1
d. 16 2 = x
4

Logarithmic Form
log b a=c

Exponential Function

b a=a

Find the value of the following logarithmic expressions.

1. log 2 32 5

2.log 9 729 3

3.log 5 5 1

-4
4.log 1 /2 16
0
5.log 1 1
1
6.log 1 /√ 5 -
2
Rewrite the following exponential equations in logarithmic form whenever possible.

a. 53 = 125

1
b. 7−2 =
49
c. 102= 100

22 4
d. =
3 9
e. 0.1−4=¿ 10,000

f. −22 = 4

g. e 2 = x

h. 76 = 21

i.4 0 = 1

Describe the following logarithmic expressions.

a. log 3 ( x −2) = 5

b. log 5 x < 2

c. y = log 1 /2 x

Logarithmic Equation
An equation involving logarithm

Example: log 3 ( x −2) = 5

Logarithmic Inequality
An inequality involving logarithm

Example: log 5 x < 2

Logarithmic Function

A function defined by y = log b x , if and only if x = b y where x and b are positive real numbers, andb ≠ 1.

Example: y = log 1 /2 x
Determine whether the given is a logarithmic function, logarithmic equation, logarithmic inequality or
none of these.

1. log n 36=2

2. f(x) = 2 x

3. y = 3 log 2 y

4. . log 3 ( 2 x −1 )> log 3 (x +2)

5.log 10 10,000=4

6. ln x > 1

BASIC PROPERTIES OF LAGORITHMIC

a. log b b=1

b.log b 1=0

c. log b ( b x )= x ( b> 0 ,b ≠ 1 )

LAWS OF LAGORITHMIC
a. log b ( uv )=log b u+ log b v

b. log b ( uv )=log u−log v

b b

c. log b ( u n )=n log b u

Example:

a. log( a b2 )

3 3
b.log 3 ( )
x
c. ln [ x (x – 5)]

PIECEWISE FUNCTION

Some situations can only be described by more than one formula, depending on the value of the
independent variable.
Example:
1. A jeepney ride cost 8.00 pesos for the first 4 kilometer.

f(d) 8 0<d≤4
8 = 1.5 d d>4
 LAWS OF EXPONENT

( x a ¿ ( xb ) =(x a +b )

( x ¿¿ a)❑b=x ab ¿
( xy ¿ ¿a=x a y a

SQUARE OF BINOMIAL

( x + y )2 =x2 +2 xy + y 2

( x− y )2=x 2−2 xy+ y 2

CUBE OF A BINOMIAL

( x + y )3 =x3 +3 x 2 y +3 x y 2+ y3

( x− y )3=x 3−3 x 2 y +3 x y 2− y 3

PRODUCT OF SUM & DIFFERENCE

(x + y) (x – y) = x 2− y 2

SQUARE OF TRINOMIAL

(x + y + z¿2 =x2 + y 2 + z 2+ 2 xy +2 xz+ 2 yz