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Pens Nib Ancient Egyptian Papyrus Mesopotamia Sumer Cuneiform Scribes

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Reed pens with regular features such as a split nib have been found in Ancient Egyptian sites

dating from the 4th century BC. Reed pens were used for writing on papyrus, and were the most
common writing implement in antiquity. In Mesopotamia and Sumer, reed pens were used by
pressing the tips into clay tablets to create written records, using cuneiform.[2]
To make a reed pen, scribes would take an undamaged piece of reed about 20 cm, and leave
the end that would be cut into point in water for some time. This ensured that the pen would not
splinter when cut. They crafted a series of cuts that would cut the nib of the pen until it was flat
enough, and pointed. The pointed end was then cut off, not too far from the point, to form a
squared end suitable for writing. At the end they would start the split, which would act as a
primitive ink barrel, from the tip of the nib and lengthen it until it was of the proper length. They
made care not to lengthen it extensively, because the pen was at risk of snapping in half. Being
skilled at making reed pens was important for early scribes due to low durability of the pen.[3]
Reed pens are stiffer than quill pens cut from feathers and do not retain a sharp point for as long.
This led to them being replaced by quills.[4] Nevertheless, a reed pen can make bold strokes, and
it remains an important tool in calligraphy.[5]

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