COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL

Unit of Competency: Operate rice crop establishment

machinery and equipment

Module Title : Operating rice crop establishment

machinery and equipment
 HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Welcome to the module Operate rice crop establishment machinery and
equipment one of the competency of RICE MACHINERY OPERATION NCII
QUALIFICATION. This module contains training materials and activities for you to
complete.

The unit of competency “Operate rice crop establishment machinery and

equipment” contains knowledge, skills and attitude required for TRAINEES.

You are required to go through, a series of learning activities in order to

complete each learning outcome of the module. In each learning outcome are
Information Sheet, Self-Checks, Task Sheets and Job Sheets. The follow these
activities on your own. If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your facilitator for
assistance.

The goal of this course is the development of practical skills in supervising

work-based training. Tools in planning, monitoring and evaluation of work-based
training shall be prepared during the workshop to support in the implementation of
the training program.

This module is prepared to help you achieve the required competency, in

“RICE MACHINERY OPERATION NCII”.

This will be the source of information for you to acquire knowledge and skills
in this particular competency independently and at your own pace, with minimum
supervision or help from your facilitator.

Remember to:
 Work through all the information and complete the activities in each section.
 Read information sheets and complete the self-check. Answer keys are
included in this package to allow immediate feedback. Answering the self-
check will help you acquire the knowledge content of this competency.
 Perform the task sheets and job sheets until you are confident that your
output conforms to the performance criteria checklist that follows the sheets.
 Submit outputs of the task sheets and job sheets to your facilitator for
evaluation and recording in the Accomplishment Chart. Outputs shall serve as
your portfolio during the institutional competency evaluation.

A certificate of achievement will be awarded to you after passing the

evaluation. You must pass the institutional competency evaluation for this
competency before moving to another competency

LIST OF COMPETENCIES
 CODE Unit of Competency Module Title
AGR611361 Operate rice land preparation Operating rice land preparation
machinery and equipment machinery and equipment
AGR611362 Operate rice crop establishment Operating rice crop establishment
machinery and equipment machinery and equipment
AGR611363 Operate rice crop care machinery and Operating rice crop care machinery and
equipment equipment
AGR611364 Operate rice harvesting and threshing Operating rice harvesting and threshing
machinery and equipment machinery and equipment
AGR611365 Operate rice drying machinery and Operating rice drying machinery and
equipment equipment
AGR611366 Operate rice mill machinery and Operating rice mill machinery and
equipment equipment
 MODULE CONTENT

Unit of Compentcy : Operate rice crop establishment machinery and equipment

Module Descriptor
This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to
operate rice crop establishment machinery and equipment

List of Learning Outcomes

1. Prepare crop establishment machinery

2. Operate machines and monitor performance
3. Perform post-operation activities

Assessment Criteria

 Field and seeds/seedlings are assessed for readiness in planting or

transplanting
 Machines are checked and adjusted for operation in accordance with
standard practices
 Tools and materials are prepared as per work requirements (seedling
preparation)
 Accessories are checked and adjusted in accordance with operating manual
 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) are selected and worn as per work
requirements
 Machine is operated according to standard farm practices
 Abnormal conditions are identified and corrected in accordance with the
standard operating procedures Performances are assessed according to set
standards and client’s specification
 Malfunctions are recorded and referred for appropriate adjustment by proper
personnel
 Machine is shutdown according to standard farm practices
 Wastes are managed according to environmental regulations
 Machine and engine are cleaned, checked and stored as per established
practices
 Work are is cleaned and maintained according to OHS and enterprise
requirements
 Records of information are prepared in appropriate format
 Basic preventive maintenance is performed according to manufacturer

Conditions

 PPE
 Work area
 CBLM
 Record book
 Computer
 Internet
 Webcam
 Steel tape
Learning Activities Specific Instructions

Read information sheet 1.1-1 Read and understand the information

sheet and answer self. Once finish , refer
your answer into the Answer key.

You may proceed to the next information

if you answer all question correctly
 INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-1

Inspected field/area

Field Inspection: Field inspection, that is, inspection of standing seed crops is an
essential step in verifying conformity of seed crops to prescribed certification
standards.

Objectives of field inspection:

1 . To verify seed origin (source seed) and identity of the variety.
2 . To collect information on cropping history of the seed field, that is, to verify
whether the seed field meets the prescribed land requirements.
3 . To check crop and cultivation conditions.
4 . To check isolation distance.
5 . To check freedom from impurities, namely, other crop plants and weed plants
6 . To check freedom from other cultivars and off-types.
7 . To check freedom from
seed-born diseases.

General Principles Of Field Inspection

 All field inspections must be made by well-trained and qualified personnel.

The prescribed procedure and techniques of field inspection and the minimum
number of inspections specified in the certification standards
 Inspection of cross-pollinated crops during flowering, and those self-
pollinated crops which are inspected by designated seed-born diseases
during flowering stage. The seed inspector should achieve full co-operation
from seed growers, even the case of the rejection of a field.
 Upon arrival at the seed farm, the inspector should check all information about
species, variety, seed origin, cultivated area, class of seed, cropping history of
the field.
 Each field and its boundaries must be pointed by the seed grower.
 During the walk in the field, the inspector must make estimates of other varieties
and impurities, diseased plants, general condition of the crop, applied farm practices
and possible yield.

If the direction of plant rows permits, the inspector should walk through his side or
back.

METHOD OF ISPECTION:- The inspection of a seed crop is done at different

stages of a crop growth so as to make various verifications and estimates of various
impurities, off-types and diseases, etc. Mentioned below are the objectives to be
accomplished at a given stage of crop inspection. Crop Stages of Inspection:-

1. Inspection at the time of sowing:- Sowing time inspections to educate the farmers
participating in a certified seed production programme for the first time, or at times
when a new crop is introduced, are very helpful in maintaining good quality of seed.
The purpose is to explain to the land and isolation requirements, to check whether
their seed field meet such requirement; to verify their foundation seed bags ;
planning; planning ratio, making of male ,rows
Sowing time seed treatment, etc In biennial crop the main objective is to verify purity
of roots/stem at the time of transplanting.
2. Inspection During pre flowering/vegetative stage;- The purpose of pre-flowering
inspection is to educate growers regarding plants to be rogued and to suggest other
corrective majors if require, after the following verification
. 1.That the seed planted to produce the seed crop was eligible for use and
was obtained from as approved source
2. That the planting ratios (in hybrid production), isolation requirements and
land requirements have been mate.
3. That the seed crop has not been grown as mixed cropping, inter cropping
or companion cropping or ratoon cropping

3.Inspection during flowering stage:- Flowering time inspections. Especially in cross-

pollinated crops and those self-pollinated crops which are infected by systemic seed-
borne disease at flowering stage.

1. Check whether various corrective measures, suggested earlier have been

carried out.
2. check or recheck the land and isolation requirements, planting ratios and
source seed. 3.take detailed counts for various concentrating factors as per
procedure described later in this chapter.
3. .advice the farmer to continue rouging during flowering secession.

4. Inspection during post flowering and pre- harvest stage. During this inspections
detailed counts should be taken to the determined the extent of various
contaminants present in the seed field and to educate the farmer regarding the
rouges which where not identifiable earlier so as remove them before final
inspection.

Contaminates to be observed during field inspection:-

1.Off types.
2.Pollen shedder.
3.Shedding tassel.
4.Inseperable other crop plants.
5.Obejtional weed plants.
6.Diseased plants.

Method of Taking Field Count:-

1. Determine the number of field counts.
2. Number of plants to be observed for completing.
3. Taking the field count. (method of taking field count in thickly-sown row crop) For
wheat, barley, oats, soybean, jute, mesta etc.
Self Check 1.1-1

1. What are the objectives of field inspection?

Answer Key 1.1-1

1. To verify seed origin (source seed) and identity of the variety.

2 . To collect information on cropping history of the seed field, that is, to verify
whether the seed field meets the prescribed land requirements.
3 . To check crop and cultivation conditions.
4 . To check isolation distance.
5 . To check freedom from impurities, namely, other crop plants and weed plants
6 . To check freedom from other cultivars and off-types.
7 . To check freedom from
seed-born diseases.
Learning Outcome 2 Prepare machine for land preparation

Assessment Criteria

2.1 Machines are checked and adjusted in accordance with manufacturer operator’s
manual

2.2 Tools and materials are prepared as work requirements

2.3 Implements are checked and adjusted in accordance with manufacturer’s

instruction manual

Conditions

 PPE
 Work area
 CBLM
 Record book
 Computer
 Internet
 Webcam
 Steel tape

Learning Activities Specific Instructions

Read information sheet 1.2-1 Read and understand the information

sheet and answer self. Once finish , refer
your answer into the Answer key.

You may proceed to the next information

if you answer all question correctly
 INFORMATION SHEET 1.2-1
Prepare Rice Machine for operation

Rice Mill Machine Application

Milling is one of the most important steps in the production of rice. It is generally
performed post the production of rice. The paddy produced industrially cannot be
consumed in its natural forms.

This is why paddy is processed post its production, by the process of milling. It
removed in order to make it fit for human consumption.

Rice Milling employs the usage of rice mill machine that can easily remove the
impurities from rice.

Types of Rice Milling Machines

There are a variety of operations that have to be performed during milling in order
to make rice fit for the process.
Rice Mills includes following Processes:

 Mini Rice Mill

 Rice Polisher
 Paddy Separator
 Paddy Cleaner
 Rice Huller
 Rice Whitener
 Rice Grader
 Paddy Dehusker
 Rice Destoner
 Rice Cleaning Machine
 Rice Length Grader
 Rice Flour Mill
 Paddy Dryer Plant
 Paddy Parboiling Plant
 Pneumatic Rubber Sheller
 Husk Aspirator
 Rice Plansifter
 Thickness Grader
 Rice Dehusking Machine
 Rice Bran Centrifugal Separator
 Rice Mill Dryer
 Rice Pulverizer

The Rice mill process starts with the cleaning of the paddy and lasts until the
packaging of the rice.
You can check the here-Live view of rice mill machinery by Hindustan Abrasives

Milling is mainly defined as a material removal process that is used to remove the
unwanted material of rice. The milling process requires rice milling machinery,
workpiece, fixture, and cutter. The workpiece is one of the most important
components of a milling machine and is secured to the fixture. It is then added to the
platform inside the milling machine.

The cutter in the milling machine is packed with sharp teeth and rotates at a very
high speed. It is also secured inside the milling machine. The workpiece and the
cutter work simultaneously.

The material is first to feed to the workpiece which is then fed into the rotating cutter.
The material is cut with the rotating cutter which then falls off as small chips to create
the desired shape. Milling aids in generating three-dimensional rice that might not be
axially symmetrical.

Rice Mill Machinery Parts

Rice Mill machines are available in the various sizes and shapes depending on the
type of operation and the end product that has to be performed. The two most
important things, the workpiece, the cutter practically remain the same in every
milling process. The following are the components in the milling operations:

Base and column:-

This is one of the components in the milling machine that sits on the ground and is
required to support the machine. It has a large column that is attached to the base
and is connected to the other components.

Table:-

When the workpiece is mounted on the platform, that is called a table. It sits in a T
form and is attached along its surface. It is secured with the vise and then can be
clamped on the three slots directly.

Saddle:-

It is also a part of the table that allows the milling machine to move in the longitudinal
motion. It can also move in the horizontal section of the workpiece in the Y direction
along with other platform called the knee.

Knee:-

It supports the saddle and the table in all the milling operations. It can also be
referred to as the column and aids in the vertical motion of the workpiece. It can
move vertically when the cutter is stationary. When the cutter is moving in the
vertical direction, then the cutter is stationary. This aids in cutting the workpiece and
effective milling operation.

Rice Milling Process

It is very important that you know what milling is all about before you start the
process cycle. The total time required to produce rice includes two things, one is the
initial setup time and the other is the cycle time for each part.

The setup time of a milling machine includes the time required to make its operation,
plan all the tool movements and install the fixtures in the milling machine. The cycle
time, however, is depended on four things:

The load and unload time:

This is the time required to load the workpiece into the machine and then secure it
with the fixture. It also includes the time to unload the finished part. The load time is
different in different milling machines depending on the size, weight, complexity of
the workpiece and the type of fixture.

The cut time:-

It is the amount of time taken to make all the necessary cuts with the help of the
cutter in the workpiece for each operation. In order to calculate the cut time for any
operation, you have to divide the total cut length for the operation with the feed rate.
This gives the operation speed of the cutter relative to the workpiece.

The ideal time:-

It is also defined as the non-productive time in a milling operation. This is the time
when neither the workpiece nor the cutter is engaged in the milling process. This
includes all those processes like the tool approaching and retracting from the
workpiece, tool movements between features, the time required for adjustment of the
machine settings and the changing tools.

The tool replacement time:-

This is the amount of time required to replace a tool that has exceeded its time of
operation and has worn out effectively.

This time isn’t included in all the operation and is taken into consideration when the
tool has reached its lifetime. This time has to be adjusted in the entire milling
process.
Self Check 1.2-1

1. What are process in rice milling?

Answer Key 1.2-1

 The load and unload time

 The cut time:-

 The ideal time:-

 The tool replacement time

Learning Outcome 3 Operate land preparation machinery and monitor
performance

Assessment Criteria

o Personal Protective Equipment are selected and worn as per work requirement
o Machine is operated according to standard practices
o Abnormal conditions are identified and corrected in accordance with the
standard operating procedures
o Performances are assessed according to set standards or client’s specification
o Malfunctions are recorded and referred to appropriate personnel for action
o Machine is shutdown according to standard practices

Conditions

 PPE
 Work area
 CBLM
 Record book
 Computer
 Internet
 Webcam
 Steel tape
 Rice Machine

Learning Activities Specific Instructions

Read information sheet 1.3-1 Read and understand the information

sheet and answer self. Once finish , refer
your answer into the Answer key.
 You may proceed to the next information
if you answer all question correctly

Information sheet 1.3-1

Operate Rice Machine

Rice Milling
Rice milling is the process of removing the husk and bran layer to produce white rice.
Rice milling can be undertaken as: • A one step milling process where the husk and
the bran are removed in one pass and white rice is produced directly from the paddy.
• A two-step process where the husk and the bran are removed separately, and
brown rice is produced as an intermediate product. • A multistage process where rice
passes through a number of different operations and machines from paddy to white
rice.

One pass milling

Pestle and mortar Hand pounding of paddy in a mortar with a pestle is still practiced
in some remote areas. Pounding the paddy induces upward and downward forces on
grain against grain that removes the husk and some bran layers. The pounding also
results in a high percentage of broken kernels. The final cleaning is done by
winnowing and gravity separation by hand.

The single pass rice mill is an adaptation of the "Engleberg" coffee huller. This type
of mill is still very popular in many of the poorer rice-growing countries and is widely
used for custom milling of household rice. It is also still popular for milling parboiled
rice in Bangladesh and many African countries. This mill is a steel friction type mill
and uses very high pressure to remove the hull and polish the grain. This results in
many broken kernels, a low white rice recovery of 50-55% and head rice yields of
less than 30% of the total milled rice. The fine brokens are often mixed in with the
bran and the ground rice hull and this is used for animal feed. The poor performance
of the Engleberg mill has led some governments to discourage its use and in many
Asian countries, the Engleberg mills can no longer be licensed to operate as service
or commercial mills.

Two Stage Milling

Compact Mill Two stage mills are often called compact rice mills and in many
countries have superseded the Engleberg mill. The two-stage mill has separate
hulling and polishing processes. Rubber rollers remove the husk and the brown rice
is then polished with a steel friction whitener similar to the Engleberg. These mills
have a capacity of between 0.5 to 1 ton per hour paddy input and are often used for
custom milling in the rural areas. The milling performance of the compact rice mill is
superior to the single pass Engleberg huller with milling recoveries normally above
60%.

Commercial Mill The milling process in larger commercial mills combines a number
of operations that produces higher quality and higher yields of white rice from paddy
or rough rice. The process involves: 1. Pre-cleaning the paddy prior to milling 2.
Removing the husk or outer layer from the paddy 3. Polishing or whiting the brown
rice to remove the bran layer 4. Separating the broken grains from the whole kernels
5. Bagging the milled rice 6. Managing the by-products.

Pre-cleaning
When paddy comes into the mill it contains foreign material such as straw, weed
seeds, soil and other inert material. If this is not removed prior to hulling the
efficiency of the huller and the milling recovery are reduced. Most pre-cleaners
separate three groups of materials:
• The first separation is done by scalping or removing the objects that are larger
than the grain. Either a flat oscillating screen or a rotary drum screen that allows the
grain to pass through but retains straw can do this.
• The second separation retains the grains but allows broken grains, small stones
and weed seeds to pass through. An air aspirator may also be incorporated to
remove the dust and the light empty grains The capacity of the paddy pre-cleaner is
usually based on the capacity of the rice mill. A pre-cleaner for a 3-ton/hr rice mill
would normally have a 5 ton/hr cleaning capacity.

Types of pre cleaners

Grain pre-cleaners can be classified according to their cleaning mechanism. These
are:

1. Oscillating Sieve type Oscillating sieve pre-cleaners are simple and often
made locally. The machine consists of two sieves of different sizes depending on the
size and shape of the grain. The top sieve has a slotted profile larger than the bottom
and both screens can be changed to suit the grain size or crop type.

2. Aspiration cum Oscillation Type The aspirator grain cleaner removes

lighter impurities such as dust, dirt, chaff and straw by blowing or sucking air
through the mass of falling grain and removing these light impurities in the air
stream. Impurities that are not removed by the air are then separated from the
grain using oscillating sieves. The sieving action of this machine is similar to
the sieve oscillation cleaner. Some cleaners are also equipped with magnets
to remove ironic particles. Aspiration style cleaners can have either single or
double action aspiration.
Self Check 1.3-1

1. Name the 2 stage milling process?

2. What are the types of pre cleaners?
Answer Key

1.
 Compact Mill
 Commercial Mill

2.
 Oscillating Sieve type
 Aspiration cum Oscillation
 Task sheet 1.3-1

OBJECTIVE

Given the tools and materials needed, you are required to perform 2 stage
milling
Tools & equipment

Rice Mill machine

Hand Tools
PPE
Workplace area

Instructions

 Prepare all materials needed

 Perform 2 stage milling
 Perform Compact mill first
 Perform Commercial milling second
 Clean equipment and tools after the activity
 Once you are done please refer to the performance criteria checklist on
the next page
 PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST 1.3-1 YES NO
DID YOU….

Prepare all materials needed

Perform Compact mill based on the operations manual

Perform Commercial milling based on the operations manual

Clean equipment and tools

Learning Outcome 4 Perform post-operation activities

Assessment Criteria

 Waste generated is managed according to environmental regulations

 Machine and engine are cleaned, checked and stored as per established
practices
 Work area is cleaned and maintained according to OHS and enterprise
requirements.
 Records of information are prepared in appropriate format
 Basic preventive maintenance is performed according to manufacturer’s
instructions and/or standard practices

Conditions

 PPE
 Work area
 CBLM
 Record book
 Computer
 Internet
 Webcam
 Steel tape
 Rice Machine

Learning Activities Specific Instructions

Read information sheet 1.4-1 Read and understand the information

sheet and answer self. Once finish , refer
your answer into the Answer key.

You may proceed to the next information

if you answer all question correctly
 Information Sheet 1.4-1

Operation of (RMM)

1. Examine foundation or moving rack bolts and each tightening solid part
2. Examine the tension of belts
3. Inspect the distance between the husking rubber rollers ( 0.5‐1.5 mm)
4. Clean the paddy by the sieves  
5. Close the slide of the hopper
6. Press the start bottom
7. Examine the machine if there any Strange sound , smell or something
unusual like warming …etc
8. Use the steps to feed the machine  
9. Open the hopper slide & turn the handle of the flow regulator slowly
towards the left pointing between 2 to 5
10.Control polishing by resistance weight  

Safety Measures and Maintenance

 Be careful when dealing with electric connections and take care of

manufacturing error ( starter and motor panel)
 Use long husk duct to avoid pollution (2 m for 1 unit in accordance with
distance between RMM and Husk yard )
 Wear tight clothes  
 Cover the moving parts (Install guard fences) keep away from moving
parts ( Don’t get carelessly close to moving parts )
 Lubricate all position of bearing 
 Follow the instructions of the manufacturer’s operation manual
 If the paddy clogged in the husking chamber, increase the clearance
between the husking rubber rollers by Husk clearance adjuster  
 If the brown rice clogged in polishing chamber, loose the bolts of the screen
holder by drive socket to remove it, then remove the screen to clean the
polishing chamber. After that use wire brushes to clean the screen from
bran.
 If the diameter of the rubber roller after wear and tear show a difference
of  3 mm, the quick and the slow roller should be used in turn If the intake
screw or milling roll or hexagonal screen worn, new one should be replaced
Self Check

1. What are the procedure in rice machine operation?

Answer Key

1. Examine foundation or moving rack bolts and each tightening solid part
2. Examine the tension of belts
3. Inspect the distance between the husking rubber rollers ( 0.5‐1.5 mm)
4. Clean the paddy by the sieves  
5. Close the slide of the hopper
6. Press the start bottom
7. Examine the machine if there any Strange sound , smell or something
unusual like warming …etc
8. Use the steps to feed the machine  
9. Open the hopper slide & turn the handle of the flow regulator slowly
towards the left pointing between 2 to 5
10.Control polishing by resistance weight