Civilization of Islam
Objectives:
1. To discuss the civilization of Islam.
2. To make a sequence of event of civilization of Islam
3. To give value on the religion of Islam
Content
Islam
- recognized as the second largest religion in the world
- the faith of the majority of the population in Southwest Asia (Middle East), Central Asia,
Pakistan and Bangladesh in South Asia, and Indonesia, Malaysia and Brunei in
Southeast Asia
- Indonesia has the largest number of Muslims in any one country.
- Youngest of the major world religions
- It was established in 622 CE in the town of Medina, located in present-day Saudi
Arabia.
Mohammed
- A former trader, was recognized as the religion’s founder.
- Last and the most important prophet of Allah, the God of Muslims.
- Spread the new faith after Gabriel the Archangel appeared to him but the spread of
Islam only became possible after the Hegira, or the flight of Mohammed and his first
followers from the city of Mecca.
The Spread of Islam
Jihad- armed struggles or holy war that brought many Arab tribes into Islam
When Mohammed died, he was succeeded by a caliph, who became the political
and spiritual leader of the Muslims.
Under the leadership of the first four caliphs, the Arab Muslims successfully
conquered Palestine, Syria, Egypt, and Persia.
When Ali, the fourth caliph (the first cousin of Mohammed and husband of his
daughter Fatima) was murdered, the Umayyad family usurped the caliphate.
Shi’a/Shiites- a group of Muslims reacted negatively as they believed that the
position of caliph should be reserved for the descendants of Mohammed
The Umayyad family only stopped their invasion of Europe after their defeat by a
French force led by Charles Martel in the Battle of Tours.
Abbasid family- the one who was to transfer the capital of the Islamic empire
from Damascus in Syria to Baghdad in present-day Iraq
The Islamic empire reached the Golden Age of its history during the leadership of
the Abbasids.
The Golden Age of Islamic Civilization
The Golden Age was made possible by the leadership of caliphs Harun al-Rashid and
Harun al-Mamun, father and son who became Muslim leaders.
Arabian Nights- one of the literature that became popular during the Golden Age
period.
Mosque- a place of worship for the Muslims, as a distinct form of architecture
The Decline and Fall of the Islamic Empire
Seljuk Turks- defeated the Abbasids signifying a major change in leadership in
the empire but did not stay in power long and their weakness during the 11th
century CE became an incentive for the Europeans to launch the crusade
An external problem that contributed to the decline was the chaos resulting from
the Mongolian invasion led by Genghis Khan.
The Mongols did much damage to Muslim lands. They killed about 50,000
Baghdad residents, including the last Abbasid caliph, after successfully taking the
city.
Tamerlane, the grandson of Genghis Khan did not stop from destroying Muslim
territories. During the last years of the 1300s, the forces of Tamerlane wreaked
havoc from Delhi to Moscow.
When Tamerlane died in 1404 CE, the Islamic territories gained a temporary
peace.
Ottoman Turks- a new Muslim group, restored the Golden Age of Islam and
conquered the city of Constantinople and the Byzantine empire in 1453 CE.
During the brilliant rule of Suleiman the Magnificent from 1520 to 1566 CE, the
energy and zeal for new and creative ideas were no longer present.
By the time of the First World War in 1918, the Ottoman empire was already
weak and powerless.
Bibliograpy
Asia History, Civilization and Culture
Authors:Ma. Angelica Verzosa-Aristin
Ma.Estela C. Banasihan
Molina Olivades-Correa
Joselito N. Fornier, Ph.D.
Civilization of Islam
Exercise 1
Direction: identify the word needed in each number. Write your answer in the
space provided.
_______1. It is the second largest religion in the world
_______2. Has the larger number of Muslims in any one country
_______3. A former trader recognized as religion founder
_______4. Armed struggles or holy war that brought many Arab tribes into Islam
_______5. The ____ only stopped their invasion of Europe after their defeated by
a French force
_______6. The one who transfer the capital of the Islamic empire from
Damascus in Syria to Baghdad in present day Iraq
_______7. One of the literature that became popular during the Golden age
period.
_______8. A place of worship for the Muslims, as a distinct form of architecture
_______9. The grandson of Genghis Khan did not stop from destroying Muslim
territories
______10. A new Muslim group, restored the Golden Age of Islam and
conquered the city of Constantinople
Exercise 2
Direction: Enumerate the following
Regions in Asia have a Islam religion
1.
2.
3
Family in Civilization of Islam
1.
2.
Exercise 3
Essay
1. As a student how will you give importance to Islamic Religion since you
are not a Muslim?
2. As a future educator how will you teach your student without getting
them an offend since they have different religion?
Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Main Campus
Santa Cruz, Laguna
Major 11
(Civilization of Islam)
Submitted by: Mary Grace F. Callo
Submitted to: Dr. Ray Samuel Grecalda
Civilization of Islam
Key to Correction
Exercise 1
1. Islam
2. Religion
3. Mohammed
4. Jihad
5. Umayyad Family
6. Abbasid Family
7. Arabian Nights
8. Mosque
9. Tamerlane
10. Ottoman Turks
Exercise 2
1. Central
2. Southeast
3. South
4. Umayyad Family
5. Abbasid Family
Exercise 3
Essay
