جامعة ألبصرة
كلية أهلندسه
قسم اهلندسه الكيميائيه
تقرير أالمتحان ألنهائي للعام ألدراسي
2020-2019
Modulating Signal by Matlab
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عالء نعمان خيرهللا موسى
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حتت أشراف ألدكتور ()
ألمرحله :ألثانيه مسائي
حيدر هادي جاسم
ألمادة :برمجة ألماتالب
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Modulating Signal by Matlab R2010a
Amplitude modulation(AM)
f(t)=(A+m(t))*cos(2*pi*fc)
Syntax
y = ammod(x,Fc,Fs)
y = ammod(x,Fc,Fs,ini_phase)
y = ammod(x,Fc,Fs,ini_phase,carramp)
Description
(Mathwork)بالنسبة لاليعازات فال ازيد بلشرح عن ماقاله جمموعة من امهر مربجمي
واظن ان وصفهم واضح جدا لكل ايعاز
y = ammod(x,Fc,Fs) uses the message signal x to modulate a carrier
signal with frequency Fc (Hz) using amplitude modulation. The carrier
signal and x have sample frequency Fs (Hz). The modulated signal has
zero initial phase and zero carrier amplitude, so the result is suppressed-
carrier modulation.
Note The x, Fc, and Fs input arguments must satisfy Fs > 2(Fc +
BW), where BW is the bandwidth of the modulating signal x.
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y = ammod(x,Fc,Fs,ini_phase) specifies the initial phase in the modulated
signal y in radians.
y = ammod(x,Fc,Fs,ini_phase,carramp) performs transmitted-carrier
modulation instead of suppressed-carrier modulation. The carrier
amplitude is carramp.
Examples
The input massage is x = sin(2*pi*t*fs)+cos(2*pi*t*fs) and fc=20
,fs=100 draw the AM for it
(Ammod) because the nature of a function must store the function time
with a vertical matrix or not to solve dealing with a vertical matrix Fs =
100;
t = [0:pi/250:2*pi]' ;
Fc = 20; % Carrier frequency
x = sin(2*pi*t)+cos(2*pi*t); % Sinusoidal signal
% Modulate x using single- and double-sideband AM.
ydouble = ammod(x,Fc,Fs);
plot(t,ydouble)
Try changing the value (250) in the time matrix changing to
(350), time to 150 and other values and see the graphic change.
)550( الحظ الرسم عندما غيرنا القيمة الى
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The reason the drawing changes is that we are more than the number of
points within the time period of the message function, so the convergence
of points increases.
Solve this input signal AM by simulink x=sin(t) (fc=100,fs=20 A=1)
And we change the value (product) of the block (simple time to show
how to change (what does this value mean?
M-file for this function
Fs = 100;
t = [0:0.1:2*Fs+1]'/Fs;
Fc = 20; % Carrier frequency
x = sin(t); % Sinusoidal signal
ydouble = ammod(x,Fc,Fs);
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plot(t,ydouble)
Explain why the intensity of the drawing has changed for the record.
Which has changed the most of us from the number of overlapping
points.
The example below compares double-sideband and single-sideband
amplitude
modulation.
% Sample the signal 100 times per second, for 2 seconds.
Fs = 100;
t = [0:2*Fs+1]'/Fs;
Fc = 10; % Carrier frequency
x = sin(2*pi*t); % Sinusoidal signal
% Modulate x using single- and double-sideband AM.
ydouble = ammod(x,Fc,Fs);
ysingle = ssbmod(x,Fc,Fs);
% Compute spectra of both modulated signals.
zdouble = fft(ydouble);
zdouble = abs(zdouble(1:length(zdouble)/2+1));
frqdouble = [0:length(zdouble)-1]*Fs/length(zdouble)/2;
zsingle = fft(ysingle);
zsingle = abs(zsingle(1:length(zsingle)/2+1));
frqsingle = [0:length(zsingle)-1]*Fs/length(zsingle)/2;
% Plot spectra of both modulated signals.
figure;
subplot(2,1,1); plot(frqdouble,zdouble);
title('Spectrum of double-sideband signal');
subplot(2,1,2); plot(frqsingle,zsingle);
title('Spectrum of single-sideband signal');
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Build am by code
clc
clear
fm=1;
fc=1000;
am=1;
t=0:pi/40:10;
mt=cos(2*pi*fm*t)
mc=cos(2*pi*fc*t)
Fsend=(am+mt).* mc
plot(t, Fsend)
simulink His acting is a
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Amplitude demodulation
Syntax
z = amdemod(y,Fc,Fs)
z = amdemod(y,Fc,Fs,ini_phase)
z = amdemod(y,Fc,Fs,ini_phase,carramp)
z = amdemod(y,Fc,Fs,ini_phase,carramp,num,den)
Description
z = amdemod(y,Fc,Fs) demodulates the amplitude modulated signal y
from a carrier signal with frequency Fc (Hz). The carrier signal and y
have sample frequency Fs (Hz). The modulated signal y has zero initial
phase and zero carrier amplitude, so it represents suppressed carrier
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modulation. The demodulation process uses the lowpass filter specified
by [num,den] = butter(5,Fc*2/Fs).
Note The Fc and Fs arguments must satisfy Fs > 2(Fc + BW),
where BW is the bandwidth of the original signal that was
modulated.
z = amdemod(y,Fc,Fs,ini_phase) specifies the initial phase of the
modulated signal in radians.
z = amdemod(y,Fc,Fs,ini_phase,carramp) demodulates a signal that was
created via transmitted carrier modulation instead of suppressed carrier
modulation. carramp is the carrier amplitude of the modulated signal.
z = amdemod(y,Fc,Fs,ini_phase,carramp,num,den) specifies the
numerator and denominator of the lowpass filter used in the
demodulation.
Examples
The code below illustrates the use of a nondefault filter.
t = .01;
Fc = 10000; Fs = 80000;
t = [0:1/Fs:0.01]';
s = sin(2*pi*300*t)+2*sin(2*pi*600*t); % Original signal
[num,den] = butter(10,Fc*2/Fs); % Lowpass filter
y1 = ammod(s,Fc,Fs); % Modulate.
s1 = amdemod(y1,Fc,Fs,0,0,num,den); % Demodulate.
subplot(3,1,1)
plot(t,s) % befor modlating
subplot(3,1,2)
plot(t,y1) % after modlating
subplot(3,1,3)
plot(t,s1) % after De modlating
To get the drawing how to guarantee it and when receiving it it re-
decoding it returns as sent before the download
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simulink His acting is a
Double side band-sc
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f(t)=m(t)*cos(2*pi*fc)
A=0 It's just different from a precedent.
DSB_sc Build a process by code
clc
clear
fm=1;
fc=1000;
A=0;
t=0:pi/40:10;
mt=cos(2*pi*fm*t)
mc=cos(2*pi*fc*t)
Fsend=(A+mt).*mc
plot(t, Fsend)
His acting is a simulink
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Frequency modulation
Syntax
y = fmmod(x,Fc,Fs,freqdev)
y = fmmod(x,Fc,Fs,freqdev,ini_phase)
Description
y = fmmod(x,Fc,Fs,freqdev) modulates the message signal x using
frequency modulation. The carrier signal has frequency Fc (Hz) and
sampling rate Fs (Hz), where Fs must be at least 2*Fc. The freqdev
argument is the frequency deviation constant (Hz) of the modulated
signal.
y = fmmod(x,Fc,Fs,freqdev,ini_phase) specifies the initial phase of the
modulated signal, in radians.
Examples
Example: let input signal is
x = sin(2*pi*300*t)+2*sin(2*pi*600 *t)
and (fc=10,fs=100 , Frequency deviation=50) find FM modulated
Fs = 1000; % Sampling rate of signal
Fc = 10; % Carrier frequency
t = [0:Fs]'/Fs; % Sampling times
x = sin(2*pi*300*t)+2*sin(2*pi*600*t);
dev = 50; % Frequency deviation in modulated signal
y = fmmod(x,Fc,Fs,dev); % Modulate both channels.
plot(t,y)
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The code below modulates a multichannel signal using fmmod and
demodulates it
Fs = 8000; % Sampling rate of signal
Fc = 3000; % Carrier frequency
t = [0:Fs]'/Fs; % Sampling times
s1 = sin(2*pi*300*t)+2*sin(2*pi*600*t); % Channel 1
s2 = sin(2*pi*150*t)+2*sin(2*pi*900*t); % Channel 2
x = [s1,s2]; % Two-channel signal
dev = 50; % Frequency deviation in modulated signal
y = fmmod(x,Fc,Fs,dev); % Modulate both channels.
z = fmdemod(y,Fc,Fs,dev); % Demodulate both channels.
Frequency demodulation
Syntax
z = fmdemod(y,Fc,Fs,freqdev)
z = fmdemod(y,Fc,Fs,freqdev,ini_phase)
Description
z = fmdemod(y,Fc,Fs,freqdev) demodulates the modulating signal z from
the carrier signal using frequency demodulation. The carrier signal has
frequency Fc (Hz) and sampling rate Fs (Hz), where Fs must be at least
2*Fc. The freqdev argument is the frequency deviation (Hz) of the
modulated signal y.
z = fmdemod(y,Fc,Fs,freqdev,ini_phase) specifies the initial phase of the
modulated signal, in radians.
Example: signal that input to system is
x = sin(2*pi*300*t)+2*sin(2*pi*600*t) that (fc=10,fs=1000)
find Fm mod and Demod
Fs = 1000; % Sampling rate of signal
Fc = 10; % Carrier frequency
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t = [0:Fs]'/Fs; % Sampling times
x = sin(2*pi*300*t)+2*sin(2*pi*600*t); % Channel 1
dev = 50; % Frequency deviation in modulated signal
y = fmmod(x,Fc,Fs,dev); % Modulate both channels.
yd = fmdemod(y,Fc,Fs,dev ); % Modulate both channels.
subplot(3,1,1)
plot(t,x) % befor modlating
subplot(3,1,2)
plot(t,y) % after modlating
subplot(3,1,3)
plot(t,yd) % after De modulating
Phase modulation
Syntax
y = pmmod(x,Fc,Fs,phasedev)
y = pmmod(x,Fc,Fs,phasedev,ini_phase)
Description
y = pmmod(x,Fc,Fs,phasedev) modulates the message signal x using
phase modulation. The carrier signal has frequency Fc (hertz) and
sampling rate Fs (hertz), where Fs must be at least 2*Fc. The phasedev
argument is the phase deviation of the modulated signal in radians.
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y = pmmod(x,Fc,Fs,phasedev,ini_phase) specifies the initial phase of the
modulated signal in radians.
Phase demodulation
Syntax
z = pmdemod(y,Fc,Fs,phasedev)
z = pmdemod(y,Fc,Fs,phasedev,ini_phase)
Description
z = pmdemod(y,Fc,Fs,phasedev) demodulates the phase-modulated signal
y at the carrier frequency Fc (hertz). z and the carrier signal have
sampling rate Fs (hertz), where Fs must be at least 2*Fc. The phasedev
argument is the phase deviation of the modulated signal, in radians.
z = pmdemod(y,Fc,Fs,phasedev,ini_phase) specifies the initial phase of
the modulated signal, in radians.
Representing Analog Signals
To modulate an analog signal using this toolbox, start with a real message
signal and a sampling rate Fs in hertz. Represent the signal using a vector
x, the entries of which give the signal's values in time increments of 1/Fs.
Alternatively, you can use a matrix to represent a multichannel signal,
where each column of the matrix represents one channel.
For example, if t measures time in seconds, then the vector x below is the
result of sampling a sine wave 8000 times per second for 0.1 seconds.
The vector y represents the modulated signal.
Fs = 8000; % Sampling rate is 8000 samples per second.
Fc = 300; % Carrier frequency in Hz
t = [0:.1*Fs]'/Fs; % Sampling times for .1 second
x = sin(20*pi*t); % Representation of the signal
y = ammod(x,Fc,Fs); % Modulate x to produce y.
figure;
subplot(2,1,1); plot(t,x); % Plot x on top.
subplot(2,1,2); plot(t,y)% Plot y below.
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As a multichannel example, the code below defines a two-channel signal
in which one channel is a sinusoid with zero initial phase and the second
channel is a sinusoid with an initial phase of pi/8.
Fs = 8000;
t = [0:.1*Fs]'/Fs;
x = [sin(20*pi*t), sin(20*pi*t+pi/8)];
Analog Modulation Example
This example illustrates the basic format of the analog modulation and
demodulation functions. Although the example uses phase modulation,
most elements of this example apply to other analog modulation
techniques as well.
The example samples an analog signal and modulates it. Then it simulates
an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, demodulates the
received signal, and plots the original and demodulated signals.
% Prepare to sample a signal for two seconds,
% at a rate of 100 samples per second.
Fs = 100; % Sampling rate
t = [0:2*Fs+1]'/Fs; % Time points for sampling
% Create the signal, a sum of sinusoids.
x = sin(2*pi*t) + sin(4*pi*t);
Fc = 10; % Carrier frequency in modulation
phasedev = pi/2; % Phase deviation for phase modulation
y = pmmod(x,Fc,Fs,phasedev); % Modulate.
y = awgn(y,10,'measured',103); % Add noise.
z = pmdemod(y,Fc,Fs,phasedev); % Demodulate.
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% Plot the original and recovered signals.
figure; plot(t,x,'k-',t,z,'g-');
legend('Original signal','Recovered signal');
ssbmod - Single sideband amplitude
modulation
Syntax
y = ssbmod(x,Fc,Fs)
y = ssbmod(x,Fc,Fs,ini_phase)
y = ssbmod(x,fc,fs,ini_phase,'upper')
Description
y = ssbmod(x,Fc,Fs) uses the message signal x to modulate a carrier
signal with frequency Fc (Hz) using single sideband amplitude
modulation in which the lower sideband is the desired sideband. The
carrier signal and x have sample frequency Fs (Hz). The modulated signal
has zero initial phase.
y = ssbmod(x,Fc,Fs,ini_phase) specifies the initial phase of the
modulated signal in radians.
y = ssbmod(x,fc,fs,ini_phase,'upper') uses the upper sideband as the
desired sideband.
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ssbdemod - Single sideband amplitude
demodulation
Syntax
z = ssbdemod(y,Fc,Fs)
z = ssbdemod(y,Fc,Fs,ini_phase)
z = ssbdemod(y,Fc,Fs,ini_phase,num,den)
Description
For All Syntaxes
z = ssbdemod(y,Fc,Fs) demodulates the single sideband amplitude
modulated signal y from the carrier signal having frequency Fc (Hz). The
carrier signal and y have sampling rate Fs (Hz). The modulated signal has
zero initial phase, and can be an upper- or lower-sideband signal. The
demodulation process uses the lowpass filter specified by [num,den] =
butter(5,Fc*2/Fs).
Note The Fc and Fs arguments must satisfy Fs > 2(Fc + BW),
where BW is the bandwidth of the original signal that was
modulated.
z = ssbdemod(y,Fc,Fs,ini_phase) specifies the initial phase of the
modulated signal in radians.
z = ssbdemod(y,Fc,Fs,ini_phase,num,den) specifies the numerator and
denominator of the lowpass filter used in the demodulation.
Examples
The code below shows that ssbdemod can demodulate an upper-sideband
or lower-sideband signal.
Fc = 12000; Fs = 270000;
t = [0:1/Fs:0.01]';
s = sin(2*pi*300*t)+2*sin(2*pi*600*t);
y1 = ssbmod(s,Fc,Fs,0); % Lower-sideband modulated signal
y2 = ssbmod(s,Fc,Fs,0,'upper'); % Upper-sideband modulated signal
s1 = ssbdemod(y1,Fc,Fs); % Demodulate lower sideband
s2 = ssbdemod(y2,Fc,Fs); % Demodulate upper sideband
% Plot results to show that the curves overlap.
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figure; plot(t,s1,'r-',t,s2,'k--');
legend('Demodulation of upper sideband','Demodulation of lower
sideband')
References
1) Little, J. and Moler C., MATLAB User's guide, The Math
.Works, Inc., July 1993
2) Little, J. and Moler C., MATLAB Reference guide, The Math
.Works, Inc., July 1993
3) McClellan, J., Little Bits of MATLAB, pre printed,
.September 1995
4) HAYKIN, S., Communication Systems, John Wiely & Sons,
.inc., 1994
5) Al-Shubaily S., Digital Processing Fundamentals, note of
communication lab, Fisrt Semester, 1419/1420
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