Group No: Elder R.
De Guzman Group Leader : RATING:
Year and Section: 4A Date Performed:
Date Submitted:
EXPERIMENT NO. 10
COMPRESSIVE, SPLITTING, AND FLEXURAL STRENGTH TEST ON CONCRETE
(ASTM C – 39: Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength; ASTM C – 496: Standard Test
Method for Splitting Tensile Strength; ASTM C – 78: Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength)
OBJECTIVE
To determine the ultimate stress of a concrete.
DISCUSSION
The splitting tensile strength of a concrete is one of the basic and important properties
which greatly affect the extent and size of cracking in structures.. Tensile testing is usually
performed to determine the maximum load, which is the tensile strength, that a material can
withstand. Moreover, the concrete is very weak in tension due to its brittle nature. Hence, it is
not expected to resist direct tension. The use of Universal Testing Machine will be an important
equipment in performing this experiment.
The concrete gains its strength over 7th, 14th and 28th days of its hardened state. Concrete
mixtures can be designed to provide a wide range of mechanical and durability properties to
meet the design requirements of a structure. The compressive strength of concrete is the most
common performance attribute used when designing the structures. Compressive strength is
measured by breaking cylindrical concrete specimens in a Universal Testing Machine.
The flexural strength is also known as the modulus of rupture where the flexural test
evaluates the tensile strength of concrete indirectly. It tests the ability of unreinforced concrete
beam or slab to withstand failure in bending.
APPARATUS AND MATERIALS
o Universal Testing Machine (UTM)
o Cement
o Coarse and Fine Aggregates
o Cylindrical Mould
o Rectangular Mould
o Tamping Rod
o Marker
o Vernier Caliper
PREPARATION
1. Mix the water, cement, and aggregates.
2. After mixing, pour them into a greased mould by layer.
3. Each layer is compacted using a tamping rod for 25 times.
4. Then, a tamping rod must be rolled out on top of the concrete to prevent evaporation.
5. Let it dry for 7 or 14 days.
CURING
1. After drying, the specimen should be casted out of the mould and mark each of it.
2. Submerged into a clean fresh water or saturated lime solution and must be kept away
from everything.
3. For design purpose, the specimen must be cured for 28 days.
4. Lastly, the specimens are ready for testing.
TEST PROCEDURES
1. Wipe out water from the surface of the specimen.
2. Then, draw diametrical lines on the two ends of the specimen to ensure that they are on
the same axial place.
3. Record the weight and dimension of the specimen.
4. Calibrate and set the UTM for the required range.
FOR SPLITTING:
1. Place plywood strip on the lower plate and place the specimen.
2. Align the specimen so that the lines marked on both ends are centered over the bottom
plate.
3. Place the plywood strip above the specimen and bring down the upper plate so that it
touches the plywood strip.
4. Apply the load continuously and record it..
FOR COMPRESSIVE:
1. The axes of the specimen shall be carefully aligned with the center of thrust of the
spherically seated platen.
2. Apply the load continuously and record it.
FOR FLEXURAL:
1. Place the specimen on the loading points and center the loading system in relation to
the applied force.
2. Bring the block applying force in contact with the specimen surface at the loading
points.
3. Load the specimen continuously and record it.
DATA SHEET:
DATA AND CALCULATION:
Concrete Wt. of the Length of Diameter Ultimate
Average Area
No. concrete the concrete stress
D1 D2 D3
1 3.40 kg. 20 cm. 9.9 cm 9.95cm 9.3cm 8620 kgf.
2 3.45 kg. 9.9 cm 10 cm 10 cm 9400 kgf.
20.5 cm.
3 3.35 kg. 20.2 cm. 9.9 9.85cm 9.85cm 7550 kgf.
cm.
4 3.30 kg 20.2 cm. 10.1c 10.2cm 10.1cm 7850 kgf.
m
5 3.45 kg. 20.4 cm. 9.9 cm 9.85cm. 9.9cm 6200 kgf.
6 11.35 kg. 30 cm. 14.1c 14cm. 14 cm. 15300 kgf.
m
L W H
7 9.75 kg. 40.5 cm. 40.5c 9.4cm. 9.6cm 730 kgf.
m
OBSERVATION/ANALYSIS:
Six cylindrical concretes were made - five small cylindrical concretes and one with
bigger measurements, and one rectangular concrete. The samples for compressive load had
the strongest bearing stress. The other samples were too weak for a standard passing of the
stresses. When the failed concretes were looked closer, the aggregates were still whole
meaning that the aggregates weren’t mixed well with the concrete, that it didn’t stick to the
cement paste.
ILLUSTRATION:
PREPARATION:
1.Mix the water, cement, and aggregates
2.After mixing, pour them into a greased mould by layer.
3.Each layer is compacted using a tamping rod for 25 times.
4.Then, a tamping rod must be rolled out on top of the concrete to prevent
evaporation.
5.Let it dry for 7 or 14 days.
CURING:
1.After drying, the specimen should be casted out of the mould and mark each of it.
2.Submerged into a clean fresh water or saturated lime solution and must be kept
away from everything.
3. For design purpose, the specimen must be cured for 28 days.
5.Lastly, the specimens are ready for testing.
TEST PROCEDURE:
1. Calibrate and set the UTM for the required range.
FOR SPLITTING:
5. Place plywood strip on the lower plate and place the specimen.
6.
Align the specimen so that the
lines marked on both ends are centered over the
bottom plate.
7. Place the plywood strip above the specimen and bring down the upper plate so that it
touches the plywood strip.
8. Apply the load continuously and record it..
FOR COMPRESSIVE:
3. The axes of the specimen shall be carefully aligned with the center of thrust of the
spherically seated platen.
4. Apply the load continuously and record it.
FOR FLEXURAL:
4. Place the specimen on the loading points and center the loading system in relation to
the applied force.
5. Bring the block applying force in contact with the specimen surface at the loading
points.
6. Load the specimen continuously and record i
CONCLUSION:
The maximum applied load applied were 5790kgf, 5710kgf, 11250 kgf, 11000 kgf, 4222 kgf, 450
kgf, and 2300 kgf for samples 1 to 7, respectively. Through the experiment, the results shown that a
correct ratio of water, aggregates, and cement has a great impact in making a concrete. Next would
be the mixing of the concrete and the curing time of the concrete. The ACI mix design helps in
making the ratio in what structure type will be built and the Universal Testing Machine helps in
knowing how much load or stress a concrete can bear which should be noted for, for it will be used
as a standard in making a structure
EVALUATION:
GROUP 2 T C P A TOTAL
INSTRUCTOR
T - Time Element
C - Cooperativeness
P -Participation
G - General Contribution in the Activity
