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Instrument Transformer Faults Guide

1) Instrument transformer components like insulation, windings, cores, and capacitive voltage dividers can develop detectable faults including partial discharges, moisture, contamination, shorts, opens, defects, and mechanical issues. 2) These faults can affect the overall accuracy and performance of the instrument transformer by causing issues like ratio errors, phase displacement, polarity errors, or pre-magnetization. 3) Some faults cannot be easily identified but comparing data to previous readings can help detect changes indicating failures in the instrument transformer.

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45 views1 page

Instrument Transformer Faults Guide

1) Instrument transformer components like insulation, windings, cores, and capacitive voltage dividers can develop detectable faults including partial discharges, moisture, contamination, shorts, opens, defects, and mechanical issues. 2) These faults can affect the overall accuracy and performance of the instrument transformer by causing issues like ratio errors, phase displacement, polarity errors, or pre-magnetization. 3) Some faults cannot be easily identified but comparing data to previous readings can help detect changes indicating failures in the instrument transformer.

Uploaded by

balbeloanna7
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Instrument transformer components and detectable faults

Component Detectable faults


Partial discharges
Moisture in paper insulation
Insulation
Aging, moisture, contamination of insulation fluids

Defects in the capacitive layers of the potential grading

Short circuits (interturn shorts)

Windings Open circuits

Contact problems

Mechanical deformation;
Floating core ground;

Core Loose clamping structure

Magnetic short circuits

Pre-magnetization / residual magnetism

Capacitive
voltage Partial breakdown of single capacitive layers
divider

Compensation
reactor Shorted turns
(CVTs only)

Accuracy (ratio error and phase displacement)


Whole Ratio error (composite error)
electromagnetic
Polarity
circuit
Wrong rating of IT

Wrong rating
Burden
Wrong or faulty connection between IT and meter / relay

■1: Faults lead to changes of the


IT's accuracy

■2: Often these faults cannot


be clearly identified but
comparisons to previous data
help to find the failures.

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