Analysis & Design By:: Er. Shivaji Bhusal Civil Engineer NEC Regd. No. 4234 "A"

Analysis & Design By:
Er. Shivaji Bhusal

Civil Engine r
NEC Regd. No. 4234 “A”
Structural Analysis and Design Report
TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN
Subject: Issuing Disclaimer letter.
I, consultant going to issue this disclaimer letter on behalf of final structural analysis and design report
for Mrs. Sabitra Devi Acharya during and after construction of proposed super structure.
The site supervisions and quality test of the different constructions materials of the proposed building
do not undertaken by the consultant. Hence any failure or error occurred with the building due to non-
implementation of the recommendations made in this report and structural drawing or due to improper
construction will not be the responsibility of the consultant/designer.
The structural analysis has been completed on the assumptions that the proposed building shall be
constructed under the proper supervisions of skilled technical manpower.
Er. Shivaji Bhusal

Civil Engineer
NEC Reg. No. 4234 “A”
1 INTRODUCTION
Page 2
1.1 Building Descriptions

This document presents the overall methodology and the key results of the structural design
of structural components of RC moment resisting frame system.
Owner/Client : Mrs. Sabitra Devi Acharya

Building type : Residential/Commercial Building
Location : Tilotamma- , Rupandehi, Nepal
Plinth area : Sq. ft
Plot Area : Sq. ft
Type of structure : RCC Framed Structure (Residential building)
No. of Story : Plinth+GF+FF+SF+TF+FF
Geometry : Rectangular
Story Height : 3.2 m for all stories
Total Height : 17.5 m from Base to SC
1.2 Structural System

RC special moment resisting frame system using reinforced concrete is used to carry the
gravity load as well as to resist the lateral loads. RC footings are used to transfer the load of
the building to supporting soil.
The components of structural system used for this report are summarized in the following
table.
Structural System Element Typical Component
Types
RC special moment Foundation RC Strap beam footing
resisting frame system Beams and Column Reinforced concrete
Plinth Beams Reinforced concrete
Lintel Reinforced concrete
Walls Brick Masonry with
cement mortar
1.3 Codes, Standards and References
The basic building codes referred are listed below. However, specific applications of those
code provisions are discussed in the corresponding sections.
Building codes
Page 3
 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002
 Plain and Reinforced Concrete-Code of Practice, IS 456:2000
 Codes of Practice for Design Loads (other than earthquake) for Buildings and
Structures, IS 875 (Part 1): 1987
 Codes of Practice for Design Loads (other than earthquake) for Buildings and
Structures, IS 875 (Part 2): 1987
 Wind load Analysis, IS 875(part-3):1987
 Nepal Building Code.
Other references
 Related research papers and reports.
2 BASIC MATERIALS
2.1 Introduction
This chapter presents the strength of materials used in the design of structural components.
2.2 Concrete
The minimum compressive strength measured at 28 days, for the cube specimen used in
different types of structural components are shown in the following table.
TABLE 2.1: COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE
Member f'c (Nominal)

(MPa)
Footings 20
Beams 20
Plinth beams, Lintel 20
Column 25
The properties of concrete chosen are as follows:

Density : 25 KN/m3
Poisson’s ratio : 0.2
Modulus of elasticity : 25000, 22360 N/mm2
Page 4
2.3 Reinforcing Steel/Rebar

Minimum yield strength of reinforcing steel to be used in the design should be of strength
500 MPa.
Density : 76.97 KN/m3

Poisson’s ratio : 0.3
Modulus of elasticity : 200000 N/mm2
2.4 Soil Bearing Capacity

Soil type II is considered in the current design. The allowable bearing capacity is
approximately between 100 KN/m2 to 150 KN/m2.
3 LOADS
3.1 Introduction
This chapter presents the design loads considered in the structural design, including gravity
loads and seismic loads.
S.N Descriptions Unit weight Reference

1 Concrete 25 KN/m³ IS-875(part 1) - 1987
2 Masonry wall 19.2 KN/m³ IS-875(part-1)-1987(Table-1)
3 Cement Concrete, plain 12.55 KN/m³ IS-875(part-1)-1987(Table-1)
4 Plaster Punning 20.4 KN/m³ IS-875(part-1)-1987(Table-2)
3.2 Gravity Load

Self-weight of the structure is considered as dead load and finishes and partitions are
considered as superimposed dead load. Live load is determined in accordance with
occupancy or use. The following loads are in addition to the self-weight of the structure. The
minimum loading requirements shall be taken from IS 875 (Part 2)-1987 or equivalent.
Table 3-1: Live Load and Superimposed Dead Load

Occupancy or Use Live Load
Rooms 4.0 KN/m2

Corridors, passages, balconies and 3.0 KN/m2
staircase
Flat, sloping, curved roofs 1.5 KN/m2
3.3 Seismic Load

The basic seismic input may be determined from IS code. IS 1893:2002 based earthquake is
used as Design Basis Earthquake in code-based design. The response spectra used for the
design are shown in figure below.
Page 5
Parameter Value
Zone factor, Z 0.36

Importance factor 1
Soil type II
Response reduction factor 5 (SMRF)
3.4 Response spectrum data with function for dynamic analysis (EQ Analysis)
Fig1: Response Spectrum data with scale factor correction
3.5 Load calculations
A. Slab Load:
Slab Thickness 135 mm 3.125 KN/m3

Stair Slab Thickness 150 mm 4.375 KN/m3
B. Wall Load:
Type of Wall Thickness Density Opening Height W Load Adopted

m KN/m3 % m KN/m KN/m
Page 6
9" Wall without 0.230 19.2 0.00 2.86 12.63 12.63

Opening
9" Wall with Opening 0.230 19.2 30.00 2.86 8.85 8.85
4" Wall without 0.110 19.2 0.00 2.86 6.1 6.1

Opening
4" Wall with Opening 0.110 19.2 30.00 2.86 4.27 4.27
Parapet Wall 0.110 19.2 0.00 1.00 2.11 2.2
3.6 Load cases

Load cases are the independent loading for which the structure is explicitly analyzed.
Earthquake forces occur in random fashion in all directions. For building whose lateral load
resisting elements are oriented in two principal directions, it is usually sufficient to analyze
in these two principal directions (X and Y directions) separately one at a time. Thus, the load
cases adopted are as follows:
a) Dead Load (DL)

b) Live Load (LL)
c) Earthquake Load in +ve X-direction
d) Earthquake Load in -ve X-direction
e) Earthquake Load in +ve Y-direction
f) Earthquake Load in -ve X-direction
3.7 Load Combination

Ultimate strength design load combinations used in code-based design are shown in the
following table.
Table 3-3 : Ultimate Strength Design Load Combinations used in Code-based Design
No. Load Combination

1 1.5D + 1.5L
2 1.2D + 1.2L±1.2E
3 0.9D ± 1.5E
4 1.5D ± 1.5E
Where: D = Dead load
L = Live load
E = Effects of forces at DBE level
4 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Page 7
4.1 Introduction
This chapter presents the finite element modeling, analysis and design procedures used in
the code-based design.
4.1.1 POSITIONING AND ORIENTATION OF COLUMNS:
Following are some of the building principles, which help in deciding the columns positions.
• Columns should preferably be located at (or) near the corners of a building, and at
the intersection of beams/walls.
• Select the position of columns so as to reduce bending moments in beams.
• Avoid larger spans of beams.
Fig1: Positioning of column and Lift cage
4.1.2 POSITIONING OF BEAMS:
• Beams shall normally be provided under the walls or below a heavy concentrated
load to avoid punching and shear failures in slab.
• Avoid larger spacing of beams from deflection and cracking criteria. (The deflection
varies directly with the cube of the span and inversely with the cube of the depth i.e.
L3/D3. Consequently, increase in span L which results in greater deflection for larger
span. )
Page 8
Fig1: Positioning of Beam and lift cage
4.1.3 SPANNING OF SLABS:
This is decided by supporting arrangements. When the supports are only on opposite edges
or only in one direction, then the slab acts as a one-way slab. When the rectangular slab is
supported along its four edges it acts as a one-way slab when Ly/Lx< 2. The two way slab
action of slab not only depends on the aspect ratio but also on the ratio of reinforcement on
the directions. In one-way slab, main steel is provided along with short span only and the
load is transferred to two opposite supports. The steel along the long span just acts as the
distribution steel and is not designed for transferring the load but to distribute the load and
to resist shrinkage and temperature stresses. A slab is made to act as a one-way slab
spanning the short span by providing main steel along the short span and only distribution
steel along the span
Page 9
Fig2: Slab dimension and labels
4.1.4 WALL LOAD (SUPER DEAD LOAD):
In frame structure building wall do not bear any load. As per building code (NBC), or as
practice, we have to give wall load (self-wt. of wall) to beam.
Page 10
Fig3: Wall load as per calculation
4.1.5 Modeling of Structural System
Page 11
Complete, three-dimensional elastic models are created, representing the structure’s three-
dimensional distribution of the mass and stiffness to an extent that is adequate for the
calculation of the significant features of the building’s elastic response.
Etabs 2016 integrated software is used as analysis tool. The elastic models are used for
gravity and DBE level earthquake analysis. Nominal material properties are used in modeling
of structural components.
Fig4: Modeling of structure
4.2 Analysis Procedures
4.2.1 Introduction
The analysis has been carried out using a standard software package ETABS 2016 based on
finite element method. The software is capable to carrying out a three dimensional analysis.
A three dimensional linear elastic analysis has been carried out. A model based on rigid
diaphragm concept has been considered. This is done by creating a special joint at the
center of mass of each floor level and constraining all the joints at this level by diaphragm
constraint.
The structure is assumed to be fixed at the plinth level. Below plinth beams footing has been
provided.
The stiffness contribution of brick walls in the structure has been ignored and the building
has been modeled as a “Bare Frame” with no infill wall panels.
Page 12
The flange effect of the slab has been neglected. The beams have been modeled as
rectangular beams.
Analysis procedures used for code-based design are presented in the following sections.
Load cases Analysis type
Static Analysis Linear Static Analysis
Dynamic Analysis Response Spectrum / Eigen method
4.2.2 Modal Analysis

Modal analysis is carried out to determine the modal properties of the building. 100% of
dead load and superimposed dead load and 25% of live load are considered are considered
as mass source in modal analysis. Eigen analysis is used. Sufficient number of vibration
modes shall be considered to achieve at least 90% of participating mass of the building.
4.2.3 Linear Static Procedure (LSP)

Linear static analysis is carried out for gravity loadings. Gravity load basically includes live
load in slab and distributed load on beams.
4.2.4 Response Spectrum Analysis (RS)

Response spectrum analysis is carried out using linearly elastic response spectra. At least
90% of the participating mass of the building is considered in each of two orthogonal
principal directions of the building. Complete Quadratic Combination (CQC) rule is used for
combination of responses from each mode. Orthogonal effects are considered by designing
elements for 100 percent of the prescribed design seismic forces in one direction. 5%
constant modal damping is considered in the analysis.
4.2.5 Component and member design

The structural components are designed to satisfy the strength and ductility requirements.
Strength capacity for different types of actions considered in the design is summarized in
the table below.
Table 4 : Structural system and component
Structural Component Design Code

System Approach/Consideration References
Special Reinforced Axial compression, Shear IS 456 : 2000

moment Concrete and flexural
resisting (Beams,
frame Slab,
system Columns)
Footings Bearing capacity of soil IS 456 : 2000
5 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN RESULTS
Page 13
5.1 Introduction
This chapter presents the analysis and design results of the residential building. The
structural components were analyzed using both- static and dynamic method. In static
analysis, linear static method was adopted whereas for dynamic, Response Spectrum
method using Eigen analysis.
5.2 Bending Moment Diagram

As loads were applied obviously the beam and column show their bending nature. After
analyzing we have to observe the BMD of every beam and columns. We have to check
balanced section, under-reinforced and over-reinforced section. This is very important task
before designing frames structure. The bending moment diagram is very much essential to
design the sections for stability of structures. To get the area of steel, bending moment is
essential and without bending moment diagram the design of any structure is not possible.
Fig5: Bending Moment Diagram of sample section grid 2-2
Fig6: Bending Moment Diagram 2-2

This bending moment diagram is used to calculate area of steel by using formula as;
Page 14
0.5 f ck bd 4.6 M u
(1  1  )
fy f ck bd 2
Ast =
Where, Mu = BM obtained from software

Fck = Characteristics strength of concrete
FY = grade of steel used
5.3 Shear Force Diagram
Fig6: Shear Force Diagram of sample section grid 2-2
Fig7: Shear Force Diagram 2-2
Shear force diagram is used to calculate or design of stirrups. We noticed that always shear
force diagram is maximum at support and less when it moves towards the center as in
figure. Hence the spacing of stirrups at the supports was closely spaced where at the middle
it is largely spaced.
Page 15
5.4 Axial Force Diagram
Fig8: Axial Force Diagram 2-2
5.6 Base Shear Calculation Results
IS1893 2002 Auto Seismic Load Calculation

This calculation presents the automatically generated lateral seismic loads for load pattern EQX according
to IS1893 2002, as calculated by ETABS.
Direction and Eccentricity
Direction = X + Eccentricity Y
Eccentricity Ratio = 5% for all diaphragms
Structural Period
Period Calculation Method = User Specified
User Period T =0.64 sec
Factors and Coefficients
Seismic Zone Factor, Z [IS Table 2] Z=0.36

Response Reduction Factor, R [IS Table 7] R=5
Importance Factor, I [IS Table 6] I =1
Site Type [IS Table 1] = II
Seismic Response
Page 16
Spectral Acceleration Coefficient, Sa /g [IS S a 1.36 Sa

6.4.5]
= =1.36
g T g
Equivalent Lateral Forces
Sa
ZI
Seismic Coefficient, Ah [IS 6.4.2] g
Ah =
2R
Calculated Base Shear
Period
W Vb
Direction Used
(kN) (kN)
(sec)
X + Ecc. Y 0.64 9736.0996 744.8116
IS1893 2002 Auto Seismic Load Calculation

This calculation presents the automatically generated lateral seismic loads for load pattern EQY according
to IS1893 2002, as calculated by ETABS.
Direction and Eccentricity
Direction = Y + Eccentricity X
Eccentricity Ratio = 5% for all diaphragms
Structural Period
Period Calculation Method = User Specified
User Period T =0.64 sec
Factors and Coefficients
Seismic Zone Factor, Z [IS Table 2] Z=0.36

Response Reduction Factor, R [IS Table 7] R=5
Importance Factor, I [IS Table 6] I =1
Site Type [IS Table 1] = II
Seismic Response
Spectral Acceleration Coefficient, Sa /g [IS S a 1.36 Sa

6.4.5]
= =1.36
g T g
Equivalent Lateral Forces
Sa
ZI
Seismic Coefficient, Ah [IS 6.4.2] g
Ah =
2R
Calculated Base Shear
Page 17
Period
W Vb
Direction Used
(kN) (kN)
(sec)
Y + Ecc. X 0.64 9736.0996 744.8116
5.7 Story Forces
Story Elevation X-Dir Y-Dir

m kN kN
SC 17.5 57.1567 35.1083
fourth 15 235.8885 256.499
Third 12 240.9421 229.1292
second 9 135.5299 130.4293
first 6 60.2355 58.548
Ground 3 15.0589 14.7778
Base 0 0 0
Base shear matched after scale factor correction in response spectrum data
Page 18
6 PARAMETERS TO BE CHECKED AFTER STATIC AND DYNAMIC

ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE.
6.1 Modal Mass Participation ratios
TABLE: Modal Participating Mass Ratios

Case Mode Period Sec Sum UX Sum UY Sum RX Sum RY
Modal 1 0.958 35% 40% 11% 10%

Modal 2 0.952 78% 77% 21% 22%
Modal 3 0.853 80% 80% 21% 22%
Modal 4 0.322 84% 87% 54% 39%
Modal 5 0.32 91% 91% 74% 75%
Modal 6 0.288 92% 92% 77% 77%
Modal 7 0.186 92% 96% 85% 77%
Modal 8 0.185 96% 96% 85% 85%
Modal 9 0.167 96% 96% 86% 86%
Modal 10 0.137 97% 97% 89% 88%
Modal 11 0.132 97% 97% 91% 91%
Modal 12 0.118 98% 97% 91% 92%
Modal 13 0.115 98% 98% 93% 92%
Modal 14 0.114 98% 98% 94% 94%
Modal 15 0.102 98% 98% 94% 94%
Modal analysis was performed in order to determine the vibration modes of a building. The
first and second modes of the building are translation in X and Y directions while the third
mode is in torsion. More than 90 % of mass has been participated in eleventh mode in both
directions. The natural periods and modal participating mass ratios are shown in table
above.
Page 19
6.2 Story Drift
Maximum story drift limit based on IS 1893:2002 is 0.4% whereas the maximum story drift of
building is 0.33%.
Maximum drift ratio = 0.0033
Permissible displacement = 0.004X17.5m = 0.07 m
Actual maximum displacement = 0.024m
Permissible displacement > Actual displacement
Hence Safe
6.3 Torsion Check
Building is safe in both directions for Torsion
6.4 Inter Story Drift

i) Inter story drift in X-direction (Ux) in meters
Page 20
ii) Inter story drift in Y-direction (Uy) in meters
Safe in both directions
6.5 Modal Periods and Frequencies
Page 21
6.6 Support reaction for the design of footing
6.7 Display Footing Reaction in Tabulated Form
Page 22
7 SAMPLE DESIGN OF RCC STRUCTURES
7.1 Design of footing using excel-sheet (sample)

Design of Footing Using Excel Sheet
Raft Foundation
Factored Load
Page 23
Grid A1 = 663 kN
A4 = 914 kN
A5 = 918 kN
A6 = 676 kN
B1 = 1094 kN
B4 = 1393 kN
B5 = 1392 kN
B6 = 1101 kN
C1 = 849 kN
C4 = 1099 kN
C5 = 1347 kN
C6 = 1064 kN
F1 = 539 kN
F4 = 750 kN
F5 = 928 kN
F6 = 685 kN
Total load = 15412 kN
Eccentricity along X-dir is obtained by taking moment of

column loads about the grid A-A (Refer joint reaction fig in report)
X = 6.402598787 m
Now ex = -0.097401213 m
Eccentricity along Y-dir is obtained by taking moment of

column loads about the grid 1-1 (Refer joint reaction fig in report)
Y = 6.546154782 m
Now ey = 0.206154782 m
Total length of raft L = 13 m

breadth of raft B = 12.68 m
Ix = 2208.614235 m4
Iy = 2321.496667 m4
Area of Raft A = 164.84 m2
Mx = -1501.1475 kN-m
My = 3177.2575 kN-m
P/
Soil Pressure A = 93.4967241 kN/m2
Soil Pressure at different Points Stress (σ) = (P/A) ± (Mx/Ix) * y ± (My/Iy) * x
Page 24
Corner E-8
σD-3 = 107.009191 kN/m3
Corner E-1
σC-3 = 88.8064835 kN/m3
Corner D-1
σC-3 = 79.98425721 kN/m3
Corner A-2
σD-3 = 98.1869647 kN/m3
Corner A-1
σC-2 = 89.08561095 kN/m3
The bending moment is obtained by using a coefficient of 1/10

and L as center of column distance
+M = -M wL2/10
For Strip 6-6
q = 107.009191 kN/m3
Maximum span length L = 2.7178 m
Maximum span Moment Ms = 79.04166305 kN-m
Maximum support Moment Mm = 98.80207881 kN-m
Depth from Moment consideration

d = 192.7268498 mm
But footing is critical in shear increase depth
d = 700 mm
D = 750 mm
Check for two way shear i.e. punching shear

Nominal shear stress Ꞇv = 0.66 N/mm2
Permissible shear stress Ꞇc = 1.19 N/mm2
Ꞇc > Ꞇv
OK SAFE
For Shear consideration in raft adopt overall depth of 750 mm which also
satisfy the Rankine's Theory for foundation
depth
Reinforcement in long direction is given by
Mu = 0.87*fy*Ast*d*(1-(Ast/bd)*(fy/fck))
fck = 20 N/mm2
fy = 500 N/mm2
Mu = 98802078.81 N/mm2
B = 1000 mm
d = 700 mm
Now solving above equation
Ast = 328.4891563 mm2
Page 25
Minimum reinforcement in slabs = 0.12%

= 840 < 328.4892
2
Provide 12 mm bars @ 100mm c/c (Ast = 1131.12 mm ) at top and bottom in both
directions
7.2 Design of Slab using excel-sheet (sample)

Design of Slab Using Excel Sheet
Sample slab design
Input Parameter
fck 20
fy 500
Slab ID # F5 Slab 125
Ste
p1 Two adjacent edges discontinuous
Thickness of slab and durability consideration
Clear span
Lx = 4368.8 mm
Ly = 4419.6 mm
Span Ratio = 26 X
Assume, = 37.7
Depth 1.45
d = 115.88 mm
Provide depth d, = 116 mm
Assume clear span cover = 15 mm
Provide 8 mm ф bar, dia = 8 mm
Total depth of slab, D = 135 mm
Effective length
lx = 4.5038 mm
ly = 4.5466 mm
ly Design Two
Since = 1.01 < 2
lx way Slab
Ste
p2 Design Load
Unit weight of concrete = 25 KN/m3
Self load of slab = 3.375 KN/m2
Floor fining load = 1 KN/m2
Partition wall load = 1 KN/m2
Dead Load = 5.375 KN/m2
Live Load = 2 KN/m2
Design Load, w = 1.5 (DL+LL) = 11.0625 KN/m2
Considering unit width of slab, w = 11.0625 KN/m
Ste Negative Bending Moment coefficient at continuous edge
Page 26
p3
αx = -0.048 α y= 0.047 IS 456 2000
Positive Bending Moment coefficient at mid span Table 26
αx = 0.036 α y= 0.035
For Short Span
Support Moment, Ms = αx wlx2 = -10.771 KN-m 10770917.87
Mid Span Moment, Mm = αx wlx2 = 8.078 KN-m 8078188.401
For Long Span
-
2
Support Moment, Ms = αy wly = 10.748 KN-m 10747925.24
2
Mid Span Moment, Mm = αy wly = 8.004 KN-m 8003774.113
Max Moment 10.748 KN-m 10748000
Ste
p4 Check for depth from moment consideration
Depth of Slab, d = 62.415 mm
Provided
Required Depth Depth
62.415 mm < 116 mm
OK SAFE
Ste
p5 Calculation of Area of Rebar
Min Ast 0.12% = 162 mm2
Consider the unit length of slab
Required area of steel calculated as follows
Mu = 0.87*fy*Ast*d*(1-(Ast/bd)*(fy/fck))
Area of steel along short span (Top bar)

Ast = 224.415 mm2 < Min Ast 0.12%
Hence increase the percentage of steel
Providing 8mm dia bar, Ab = 50.26 mm2
Spacing of Bar , Sv = 223.960 mm
Provide 8mm ф @ 150mm c/c
SV = 150
Min Ast 0.12%
2
Actual Ast = 335.0666667 mm > OK
Pt = 0.25 %
Area of steel along mid span (Bottom bar)
Ast = 166.118 mm2

Spacing of Bar , Sv = 302.556
Provide 8mm ф @ 150mm c/c
SV = 150
Page 27
Min Ast 0.12%

2
Pt = 0.25 %
Area of steel along Long span (Top bar)
Ast = 204.125 mm2
Provide 8mm ф @ 150 mm c/c

SV = 150
Min Ast 0.12%
Actual Ast = 335.0666667 mm2 > OK
Pt = 0.25 %
Area of steel along mid span (Bottom bar)
Ast = 164.530 mm2

Spacing of Bar , Sv = 305.477
Provide 8mm ф @ 150 mm c/c
SV = 150
Min Ast 0.12%
2
Pt = 0.25 %
Ste
p5 Check for shear in shorter side
Maximum shear force, V = 24.91 KN
Pt = 0.27 %
K = 1.3
IS 456: 2000
τc = 0.37 N/mm2 (Table 19)
τv = 0.18 N/mm2
τc > τv
OK SAFE
Page 28
7.3 Area of steel for design of main bar
Fig: Elevation view for Longitudinal Reinforcement (Elevation 1-1 and 4-4)
Fig: Elevation view for Longitudinal Reinforcement (Elevation 3-3 and 4-4)
Page 29
Fig: Elevation view for % of Longitudinal Reinforcement (Elevation 2-2)
Fig: Elevation view for Shear Reinforcement 2-2 (Sample)
Page 30
ETABS 2016 Concrete Frame Design

IS 456:2000 Column Section Design
Column Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary)

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF
Ground C10 50 C355*355 1.5(DL+EQx) 0 3000 0.58
Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) dc (mm) Cover (Torsion) (mm)
355 355 56 30
Material Properties
Ec (MPa) fck (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
22360.68 20 1 500 500
Design Code Parameters

ɣC ɣS
1.5 1.15
Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Design For Pu , Mu2 , Mu3

Design Pu Design Mu2 Design Mu3 Minimum M2 Minimum M3 Rebar Area Rebar %
kN kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m mm² %
869.1914 39.5641 108.3253 17.3838 17.3838 2840 2.25
Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Factors

K Factor Length Initial Moment Additional Moment Minimum Moment
Unitless mm kN-m kN-m kN-m
Major Bend(M3) 0.744367 2645 47.7492 0 17.3838
Minor Bend(M2) 0.780559 2645 15.8256 0 17.3838
Shear Design for Vu2 , Vu3

Shear Vu Shear Vc Shear Vs Shear Vp Rebar Asv /s
kN kN kN kN mm²/m
Major, Vu2 68.8861 109.4755 42.4575 68.8861 393.49
Minor, Vu3 31.0627 109.4755 42.4575 31.0627 393.49
Joint Shear Check/Design

Joint Shear Shear Shear Shear Joint Shear
Force VTop Vu,Tot Vc Area Ratio
kN kN kN kN cm² Unitless
Major Shear, Vu2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
Page 31
Joint Shear Shear Shear Shear Joint Shear

Force VTop Vu,Tot Vc Area Ratio
kN kN kN kN cm² Unitless
Minor Shear, Vu3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
(1.1) Beam/Column Capacity Ratio

Major Ratio Minor Ratio
N/A N/A
Additional Moment Reduction Factor k (IS 39.7.1.1)

Ag Asc Puz Pb Pu k
cm² cm² kN kN kN Unitless
1260.3 28.4 2199.3478 485.6472 869.1914 0.77619
Additional Moment (IS 39.7.1)

Consider Length Section KL/Depth KL/Depth KL/Depth Ma
Ma Factor Depth (mm) Ratio Limit Exceeded Moment (kN-m)
Major Bending (M3 ) Yes 0.882 355 5.546 12 No 0
Minor Bending (M2 ) Yes 0.882 355 5.816 12 No 0
Notes:
N/A: Not Applicable
N/C: Not Calculated
N/N: Not Needed
ETABS 2016 Concrete Frame Design

Page 32
IS 456:2000 Beam Section Design
Beam Element Details Type: Ductile Frame (Summary)

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF
first B1 84 Beam 355*230 1.5(DL+EQx) 4191.3 4368.8 1
Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) bf (mm) ds (mm) dct (mm) dcb (mm)
230 355 230 0 30 30
Material Properties
22360.68 20 1 500 500

ɣC ɣS
1.5 1.15
Factored Forces and Moments

Factored Factored Factored Factored
Mu3 Tu Vu2 Pu
kN-m kN-m kN kN
-97.3726 6.1623 88.6 0.5501
Design Moments, Mu3 & Mt

Factored Factored Positive Negative
Moment Mt Moment Moment
kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m
-97.3726 9.2198 0 -106.5924
Design Moment and Flexural Reinforcement for Moment, Mu3 & Tu

Design Design -Moment +Moment Minimum Required
-Moment +Moment Rebar Rebar Rebar Rebar
kN-m kN-m mm² mm² mm² mm²
Top (+2 Axis) -106.5924 923 0 923 231
Bottom (-2 Axis) 0 462 0 80 462
Shear Force and Reinforcement for Shear, Vu2 & Tu

Shear Ve Shear Vc Shear Vs Shear Vp Rebar Asv /s
kN kN kN kN mm²/m
106.3869 49.9059 99.3491 59.7095 847.09
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Torsion Force and Torsion Reinforcement for Torsion, Tu & VU2

Tu Vu Core b1 Core d1 Rebar Asvt /s
kN-m kN mm mm mm²/m
6.1623 88.6 190 315 695.43
ETABS 2016 Shear Wall Design

IS 456:2000 Pier Design
Pier Details
Story ID Pier ID Centroid X (mm) Centroid Y (mm) Length (mm) Thickness (mm) LLRF
second P4 9880.6 1752.6 1524 200 1
Material Properties
22360.68 20 1 413.69 413.69

ΓS ΓC IPMAX IPMIN PMAX MinEcc Major MinEcc Minor
1.15 1.5 0.04 0.0025 0.8 Yes Yes
Pier Leg Location, Length and Thickness

Station Left X1 Left Y1 Right X2 Right Y2 Length Thickness
ID
Location mm mm mm mm mm mm
Top Leg 1 9880.6 990.6 9880.6 2514.6 1524 200
Bottom Leg 1 9880.6 990.6 9880.6 2514.6 1524 200
Flexural Design for Pu, Mu2 and Mu3

Station Required Required Current Flexural Pu Mu2 Mu3 Pier Ag
Location Rebar Area (mm²) Reinf Ratio Reinf Ratio Combo kN kN-m kN-m mm²
Top 762 0.0025 0.0023 1.2(DL+LL-EQy) 343.3528 16.135 153.5403 304800
Bottom 2435 0.008 0.0023 0.9DL+1.5EQx -549.3097 -12.9667 -169.2761 304800
Shear Design
Station Rebar Pu Mu Vu Vc Vc + Vs
ID Shear Combo
Location mm²/m kN kN-m kN kN kN
Top Leg 1 500 1.5(DL-EQy) 381.9811 175.8898 -273.248 81.1098 300.399
Bottom Leg 1 500 1.5(DL-EQy) 290.0851 -287.9129 -284.9667 120.2997 339.589
Boundary Element Check

Station Edge Governing Pu Mu Stress Comp Stress Limit
ID
Location Length (mm) Combo kN kN-m MPa MPa
Top–Left Leg 1 0 1.5(DL-EQx) 468.9066 -50.9383 2.2 4
Top–Right Leg 1 0 1.5(DL-EQx) 381.9811 175.8898 3.53 4
Bottom–Left Leg 1 200 1.5(DL-EQy) 290.0851 -287.9129 4.67 4
Botttom–Right Leg 1 200 1.5(DL-EQy) 986.1385 168.641 5.41 4
8 SUMMARY OF THE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
8.1 Footing Design Summary

Concrete Grade: M20
Page 34
Steel Grade: Fe 500

Clear Cover: 50 mm
Raft foundation design summary
Footing Footing Size Total area Depth Rebar Footing
Type m of footing D d X-Dir Y-Dir Location
m2
mm mm Dia c/c Dia c/c
F1 13 X 12.8 164.64 750 700 12 100 12 100 Overall Raft
8.2 Column Design Summary

Concrete Grade: M25
Steel Grade: Fe 500
Clear Cover: 40 mm
Ground Floor
Column Column Dia Total Area Lateral Ties Column Location
Type size a b Bar Provide Leg Shear on Grid
reinforcem
ent
no dia no dia
C 14"X14” 4 25 4 20 8 3220 2 8 A6, B6
C1 14"X14” 4 20 4 20 8 2513 2 8 A5, C6
C2 14"X14” 4 20 4 16 8 2061 2 8 Rest all columns
First Floor
reinforcem
ent
no dia no dia
C1 14"X14” 4 20 4 20 8 2513 2 8 B6
Second Floor
reinforcem
ent
no dia no dia
C2 14"X14” 4 20 4 16 8 2061 2 8 B6, C6
Third Floor
reinforcem
ent
no dia no dia
C3 14"X14” 4 16 4 16 8 1609 2 8 All columns
Page 35
Fourth Floor
reinforcem
ent
no dia no dia
C5 14"X14” 4 16 4 12 8 1256 2 8 All Columns
Stair Cover
reinforcem
ent
no dia no dia
C6 12"X12” 4 16 4 12 8 1256 2 8 All columns
8.3 Beam Design Summery

Design Parameters: Concrete Grade: M20
Steel Grade: Fe 500
Clear Cover: 30 mm
First Floor
Bea Dia Total Lateral Ties
Beam
m Location Rebar Th-Bar Ex-Bar Bar Ast Shear
Size Spacing
Span no dia no dia No. Rein. Dia
Start Top 9" X 14" 2 20 1 16 3 829.49 8
4" c/c
Span Bottom 9" X 14" 2 16 1 20 3 716.38 8
Mid Top 9" X 14" 2 20 0 0 2 628.4 8
6" c/c
Span Bottom 9" X 14" 2 16 1 20 3 716.38 8
End Top 9" X 14" 2 20 1 16 3 829.49 8
4" c/c
Span Bottom 9" X 14" 2 16 1 20 3 716.38 8
Second Floor
Bea Dia Total Lateral Ties
Beam
m Location Rebar Th-Bar Ex-Bar Bar Ast Shear
Size Spacing
Span no dia no dia No. Rein. Dia
Start Top 9" X 14" 2 16 1 20 3 716.38 8
4" c/c
Span Bottom 9" X 14" 2 16 1 16 3 603.26 8
Mid Top 9" X 14" 2 20 0 0 2 628.4 8
6" c/c
Span Bottom 9" X 14" 2 16 1 16 3 603.26 8
End Top 9" X 14" 2 16 1 20 3 716.38 8
4" c/c
Span Bottom 9" X 14" 2 16 1 16 3 603.26 8
Page 36
Third Floor
Dia Lateral Ties
Bea Total
Locatio Beam Th-Bar Ex-Bar Shear
m Rebar Bar Ast
n Size Rein. Spacing
Span No.
no dia no dia Dia
716.3
8
Start Top 9" X 14" 2 16 1 20 3 8
4" c/c
Span Botto 603.2
8
m 9" X 14" 2 16 1 16 3 6
Top 9" X 14" 2 20 0 0 2 628.4 8
Mid
Botto 603.2 6" c/c
Span 8
m 9" X 14" 2 16 1 16 3 6
716.3
8
End Top 9" X 14" 2 16 1 20 3 8
4" c/c
Span Botto 603.2
8
m 9" X 14" 2 16 1 16 3 6
Fourth Floor
Dia Lateral Ties
Bea Total
m Rebar Bar Ast
Span No.
no dia no dia Dia
603.2
8
Start Top 9" X 14" 2 16 1 16 3 6
4" c/c
Span Botto 515.2
8
m 9" X 14" 2 16 1 12 3 9
402.1
8
Mid Top 9" X 14" 2 16 0 0 2 8
6" c/c
Span Botto 515.2
8
m 9" X 14" 2 16 1 12 3 9
603.2
8
End Top 9" X 14" 2 16 1 16 3 6
4" c/c
Span Botto 515.2
8
m 9" X 14" 2 16 1 12 3 9
Stair Cover
Dia Lateral Ties
Bea Total
m Rebar Bar Ast
Span No.
no dia no dia Dia
339.3
8
Start Top 9" X 14" 2 12 1 12 3 4
4" c/c
Span Botto 339.3
8
m 9" X 14" 2 12 1 12 3 4
Mid Top 9" X 14" 2 12 0 0 2 226.2 8 6" c/c
Span 2
Page 37
Botto 339.3
8
m 9" X 14" 2 12 1 12 3 4
339.3
8
End Top 9" X 14" 2 12 1 12 3 4
4" c/c
Span Botto 339.3
8
m 9" X 14" 2 12 1 12 3 4
Recommendations :
For beam section 6-6 (GF , FF and SF 0nly) doubly reinforced beam should be adopted. Additional
2 nos 10mm dia throughout bar provided for countering excess torsional moment in that
particular floors (top portion only)
8.4 Slab design summary

Overall Depth=135 mm
Typical slab reinforcement (cranked: Double Net at edges and Single Net at Mid span)
Top Bar: Provided Dia 8mm @ 150mm C/C in both x and y direction
Bottom Bar: Provided Dia 8mm @ 150mm C/C in both x and y direction
Balcony Projection slab
Top Bar: Provided Dia 12mm @ 300 mm C/C in x direction
Top Bar: Provided Dia 8mm @ 300 mm C/C in y direction
Bottom Bar: Provided Dia 8mm @ 300 mm C/C in x direction
8.5 Shear wall design summary

Thickness of shear wall (lift car) = 200mm
Vertical bar
Provide 16mm dia bar @ 100mm c/c on each face
Horizontal bar
Provide 16mm dia bar @ 150mm c/c on each face
According to analysis and design required sizes of structure were adopted

SN Structures Sizes(inch)
1 Column (14”X14”)- Rectangular
2 Beam (9”X14”)
3 slab 135mm
Concrete grade M25 Column M20 Beam, Footing and
Page 38
Slabs
Steel grade Fe500 for main bar Fe500( stirrups)
9 Concluding Remarks
Reinforced concrete construction is common all over the world. It is used extensively for
construction of variety of structures such as buildings, bridges, dams, water tanks, stadiums, towers,
tunnels and so on.
Experiences from past earthquakes and extensive laboratories works have shown that a well-
designed and detailed reinforced concrete structure is suitable for earthquake resistant structures.
Ductility and strength required to resist major earthquake can be achieved by following the
recommendations made in the standard codes of practice for earthquake resistant design.
Design and construction of the structure are inter-related jobs. A building behaves in a manner how
it has been built rather than what the intensions is during designing. A large percentage of structure
failures are attributed due to poor quality of construction. Therefore, quality assurance is needed in
both design and construction.
In earthquake resistant construction quality of materials and workmanship plays a very important
role. It has been observed that damages during earthquake are largely dependent on the quality and
workmanship. Hence, quality assurance is the most important factor in the good seismic behavior of
the structure
Page 39
END OF REPORT
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Analysis & Design By:: Er. Shivaji Bhusal Civil Engineer NEC Regd. No. 4234 "A"

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Analysis & Design By:

Er. Shivaji Bhusal

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

Subject: Issuing Disclaimer letter.

Er. Shivaji Bhusal

1.1 Building Descriptions

Owner/Client : Mrs. Sabitra Devi Acharya

1.2 Structural System

1.3 Codes, Standards and References

 Plain and Reinforced Concrete-Code of Practice, IS 456:2000

 Wind load Analysis, IS 875(part-3):1987

 Nepal Building Code.

TABLE 2.1: COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE

Member f'c (Nominal)

The properties of concrete chosen are as follows:

2.3 Reinforcing Steel/Rebar

Density : 76.97 KN/m3

2.4 Soil Bearing Capacity

S.N Descriptions Unit weight Reference

3.2 Gravity Load

Table 3-1: Live Load and Superimposed Dead Load

Rooms 4.0 KN/m2

3.3 Seismic Load

Zone factor, Z 0.36

Fig1: Response Spectrum data with scale factor correction

3.5 Load calculations

Slab Thickness 135 mm 3.125 KN/m3

Type of Wall Thickness Density Opening Height W Load Adopted

9" Wall without 0.230 19.2 0.00 2.86 12.63 12.63

4" Wall without 0.110 19.2 0.00 2.86 6.1 6.1

Parapet Wall 0.110 19.2 0.00 1.00 2.11 2.2

3.6 Load cases

a) Dead Load (DL)

3.7 Load Combination

No. Load Combination

Where: D = Dead load

E = Effects of forces at DBE level

4 ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

4.1.1 POSITIONING AND ORIENTATION OF COLUMNS:

Fig1: Positioning of column and Lift cage

4.1.2 POSITIONING OF BEAMS:

Fig1: Positioning of Beam and lift cage

4.1.3 SPANNING OF SLABS:

Fig2: Slab dimension and labels

4.1.4 WALL LOAD (SUPER DEAD LOAD):

Fig3: Wall load as per calculation

4.1.5 Modeling of Structural System

Fig4: Modeling of structure

4.2 Analysis Procedures

4.2.2 Modal Analysis

4.2.3 Linear Static Procedure (LSP)

4.2.4 Response Spectrum Analysis (RS)

4.2.5 Component and member design

Table 4 : Structural system and component

Structural Component Design Code

Special Reinforced Axial compression, Shear IS 456 : 2000

5.2 Bending Moment Diagram

Fig5: Bending Moment Diagram of sample section grid 2-2